虚拟语气知识点总结讲解

虚拟语气

定义：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

应用：

错综时间条件句：

A.非真实性条件句：if省略句：把were，had，should提到句首，变为倒装句式。

（Attention：否定形式）

含蓄条件句：表示隐含条件，结构与if同。

（without, but for, or/otherwise）

a. wish后接宾语从句，表示不可能实现的愿望。

宾语从句 b. 用于表示建议、命令、要求等动词后宾语从句。B.名词性从句： c. would rather

主语从句：It is/was+形容词/过去分词+ that从句。

表语从句&同位语从句：在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea,

request, advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语

从句中要用虚拟语气，

C.as if/as though引导的从句：常与seem/look/appear等动词连用，表示“看起来似乎……”；

以及if only表示“要是……该多好呀”。（结构同wish）

D.定语从句和状语从句：定语从句：It is (high) time (that)…句型中。

目的状语从句：in case, for fear that, in order that, so that等引导目的状语从句。

考点一虚拟语气在非真实性条件句的运用

要点归纳：

真实条件句：假设的情况是有可能发生，谓语要用陈述语气。

条件句

非真实条件句，即虚拟条件句。假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，

或将来不大可能发生。

e. g. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.

If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

虚拟语气结构列表如下：

e.g. If he were here, everything would be all right.

从句（条件句）主句（结果句）与现在事实相反的假设

If +主语+动词过去式（were ）主语+ should/would/could/might +动词原形与过去事实相反的假设 If +主语+ had +过去分词

主语+ should/would/could/might + have +过去分词

与将来事实相反的假设 1. If +主语+动词过去式 2. If +主语+ were to +动词原形 3. If +主语+ should +动词原形

主语+ should/would/could/might +动词原形

If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier.

If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled.

1、错综时间条件句

有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时需根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。

If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive.

If I were you, I would have accepted their terms.

2、if省略句，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句

的句首。

If I were at school again, I would study harder.

Were I at school again, I would study harder.

If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus.

Had you come earlier, you would have caught the bus.

3、含蓄条件句：

有时候假设的情况并不用条件从句表示出来，而是通过其他手段来表示。（without/but for/otherwise/or/but）

Without air (If there were no air), there would be no living things.

But for your help (If it hadn’t been for your help), I couldn’t have done it.

【小试牛刀】

1.We __________ (be) back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.

2. If he __________ (catch) the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.

3. If we __________ (book) a table earlier, we wouldn’t be standing here in a queue.

考点二虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用

要点归纳： a. wish + (that) + ?宾语从句 b. 用于表示建议、命令、要求等动词后宾语从句，结构为“(should)+动词原形”

c. would rather + sb + e.g.

a. I wish I were better -looking.

I wish I had met the film star just now.

I wish I would be a soldier.

b. The young man insisted that I (should) go with his fellows.

The doctor advised that he change his job.

c. ——Shall I open the window?

——I’d rather you didn’t.

【小试牛刀】

1. How I wish every family ______ a large house with a beautiful garden!

A. has

B. had

C. will have

D. had had

2. Teachers recommend parents ______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. 过去式（现在/将来）

had + 过去分词（过去）

过去式(were) （现在）

had + 过去分词（过去）

一坚持：insist 二命令：order / command 四建议：advise / suggest / recommend

A. not allow

B. do not allow

C. mustn’t allow

D. couldn’t allow

3. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he ______ more on its culture.

A. focus

B. focused

C. would focus

D. had focused

?主语从句：It is/was+形容词/过去分词+ that从句，从句谓语动词为“(should)+动词原形”。desired/suggested/proposed/recommended/important/necessary/strange/natural/essential/a pity等e.g. It is natural that she (should) do so.

Attention: 以上句式也可用陈述句式。e.g. It’s a pity that you can’t dance.

【小试牛刀】

— Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?

— I agree, but the problem is ______ he has refused to.

A. will not be sent; that

B. not be sent; that

C. should not be sent; what

D. should not send; what

?表语从句&同位语从句：

在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, request, advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，

结构：“(should)+动词原形”。

e.g. My idea is that we (should) think it over before accepting it.

考点三虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的从句中的应用

要点归纳：as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。

常与seem/look/appear等动词连用，表示“看起来似乎……”；

以及if only意为“要是……该多好呀”，表示与事实相反的愿望。（结构同wish）e.g. He talks as if he knew where she was.

He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.

It looks as if it might snow.

e.g. If only the player had had more courage!

If only Daisy would go with me!

【小试牛刀】

1.——It was John who broke the window.

——Why are you talking to me as if I __________ (do) it?

2.He speaks Chinese so fluently as if he __________ (be) a Chinese.

3.Looking round the town, he left as though he __________ (be) away for ages.

4.Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ______ your advice.

A. followed

B. would follow

C. had followed

D. should follow

考点四虚拟语气在定语从句和状语从句中的应用

要点归纳：定语从句：It is (high) time (that)…句型中，谓语动词用一般过去时，或用“should + 动词原形”，

意为“（现在）该……”，用来表示建议。

目的状语从句：in case, for fear that, in order that, so that等引导目的状语从句，

动词用“could/should/might/would + 动词原形”。

e.g. It’s high time that we were of

It’s high time that we should start out

They left early for fear that they would meet him.

But I gave you a map so that you wouldn’t get lost.

1. ______ more careful, his bus would not have knocked into the tree.

A. If the driver were

B. Had the driver been

C. Should the driver be

D. If the driver would have been

2. ______ the football competition, I would have gone to the concert yesterday.

A. In spite of

B. But for

C. Because of

D. As for

3. Look at the terrible situation you are in! If only you ______ my advice!

A. listen to

B. would listen to

C. had listened to

D. have listened to

4. Had Henry received two more votes in the last election, he ______ our monitor now.

A. must have been

B. would have been

C. were

D. would be

5. If the athlete won today, he ______ eight races in a game.

A. would have won

B. won

C. must have won

D. did have won

6. It is time that our mayor ______ measures to protect the poor in the street.

A. takes

B. took

C. has taken

D. taking

7. If I had read the report, I ______ you all about it now.

A. would tell

B. will tell

C. have told

D. would have told

8. ——It’s a pity you didn’t won the competition.

——______ I had had more practice.

A. If only

B. As if

C. If not

D. As with

高考英语虚拟语气用法精讲精练.doc

学习好资料欢迎下载一．语气的定义和种类。 1语气 (mood) 语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 2语气的种类 a. 陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如： There are two sides to every question. 每个问题都有两个方面。 Were you busy all day yesterday? 昨天一整天你都很忙吗？ How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！ b.祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如： Never be late again! 再也不要迟到了。 Don’ t forget to turn off the light. 别忘了关灯。 c.虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如： If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。对比： If I am a bird, I can fly in the sky. 二．虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法。条件从句有两类，一是真实条件句，另一是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。如： If time permits, we ’ ll go fishing together. 如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如： If time permitted, we would go fishing together. （隐含的事实是：时间不允许，我们不会一起去钓鱼）。三．例句与练习： 1．表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。 If I were you, I should(would ,could, might)tell him the truth.要是我是你，我就会告诉他真相了。（事实上我不是你） If she had time, she would(could, might)help me.如果她有时间，她就会帮我。（事实上她没有时间）练习： 1, If the color of your dress ____ red, you _____ look more cheerful. 2, If I ____(have to) say something good about your work, I ______ say“ well done”.

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英语总复习虚拟语气知识点(大全)

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【英语】中考考点_虚拟语气知识点汇总(全)经典

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高中英语虚拟语气知识点及练习

高中英语虚拟语气知识点及练习内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）

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可用虚拟语气的用法总结

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【英语】虚拟语气知识点总结和题型总结

【英语】虚拟语气知识点总结和题型总结一、初中英语虚拟语气 1． If I _______ you , I _______ do that . A．was , would B．were ; wouldn’t C．am , won’t D．were , won’t 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我不会那样做。本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句谓语用动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）；主句用should （would,could,might）+ 动词原形。故选D。考点：虚拟条件句。 2．If I _______ you, I would say another student could do it better. A．was B．were C．were D．are 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】句意：如果我是你，我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知“现在事实”相反，此句是虚拟语气，be动词使用were；故选A。 3． If I ______ you, I _____the job. A．was; will take B．was; would take C．were; would take D．were; will take 【答案】 C 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我就要这份工作。If引导的句子是愿望时，用过去式表示，而且系动词用were,主句用would加原形。故选C。考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。 4．If I ______ you, I ______invite him to go to see a movie. A．am;would B．were;will C．were;would D．was;will 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会邀请他去看电影。go to see a movie去看电影；invite sb to do邀请某人做某事；在表达与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，Be用were,主句用would。考点：考查虚拟语气。 5．— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars? — I would give it to charity.

牛津高中英语虚拟语气的全部考点和记忆技巧

虚拟语气的基本容【开头引入】 If 如果(如果有两种可能,有可能发生的，不可能发生的。) ①有可能发生If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the park. ②不可能发生虚拟语气，例如，如果我是明，。。。虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望，假设，猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。所以，凡表示与事实不符的假设，想象，愿望时，需用虚拟语气表达。一、If 引导的虚拟（一）If 引导的虚拟语气,可用下表表示。例如： ①与现在事实相反：If I had wings, I would fly over the sea. ②If she were rich, she would buy a bigger house. If there were no gravity, we would not be able to walk on the earth. ②与过去事实相反： If You had gone to the party, You would have seen YaoMing. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam. ③与将来事实相反： If he were to tomorrow, We would have the meeting. If he should come tomorrow, We could go to the park together. If there were a heavy snow next Monday, we would not go skating. （二）if虚拟语气条件句的省略倒装。如果虚拟条件从句中有were, had, should,可把if 省略，把were, had, should 提到主语前面，成为倒装结构。 ①If I were you, I would accept the challenges. ----Were I you, I would accept the challenges ②If you had informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract. ----Had you informed me earlier, I wouldn’t have signed the contract. ③If she should be my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad. ----Should she be my daughter, I wouldn’t allow her to study abroad.

高考英语考点归纳(四)—虚拟语气

虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望，假设，猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。高考考查虚拟语气主要和情态动词相结合。 1 （1be动词的过去式用were”。如： ?. If I were a boy, I would join the army. ? （2 则用过去分词” ? （4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如： ?. If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在) ?. Were I a boy, I would join the army. ?. Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded. ?. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain. 2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句（ ①。表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”或“could(should) + have + 过去分词”。如： ?. I wish it were spring all the year round. ?. I wish I had known the answer. ? suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, insist, request, should + 动词原形或是动词原形。如：?. She suggested we (should) leave here at once. ? （2 作表示建议、等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should）+ 动词原形”。如： ?. His suggestion that we (should)go to Shanghai is wonderful. ? （3 “should + 动词原形”

【最高考】2016届高考英语语法精讲精练专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点

专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点近两年考查情态动词和虚拟语气的频率呈上升趋势。从整体上把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征，能够准确理解不同情态动词的细微差异，认真区别具有相同功能、意思相近的情态动词的用法，在真实的交际情景中印证和领悟情态动词的用法和特征。 1情态动词所表示的多种含义 1. can和could的用法 ①表示能力。如： I can run fast. ②表示客观可能性。如： An experienced driver can have an accident at times. ③表示请求和允许。用could 语气更委婉。如： —Can/Could I go now? —Yes，you can. ④表示猜测、惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)。如： Can this be true? How can you be so careless! This cannot be done by him. 2. may和might的用法 ①表示许可。如： You may drive the car. —May/Might I use your pen? —No，you mustn't. ②用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如： May you succeed! ③表示推测、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)。表推测的might并不是指过去时间，而表示比may把握性略小些。如： He may be very busy now. ④用于表示目的或让步状语从句中。如： No matter what difficulties you may come across，you shouldn't give up. 3. will和would的用法 ①用于各种人称，表示“意志”“意愿”“决心”等。如： I told her to stop crying，but she just would not listen. ②用于第二人称的疑问句，表示说话人向对方提出请求。用would比用will语气更客气。如： Will/Would you please keep the door open? ③表示真理或习惯，意为“惯于，总是”。如： She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. He would get up early when he lived in the country. 4. should的用法

关于虚拟语气的知识点整理

关于虚拟语气的知识点整理虚拟语气的重点是： 1．一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。 2．虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。 3．主从句表示不同的时间概念、事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。 4．含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。上述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考这方面的知识的题目，而在阅读理解里，我们掌握上述四个重点对于我们理解文章的大意和作者态度很有帮助，了解哪些观点是作者假设的、虚拟的，哪些是真实的，这样对于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型（1）由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。 B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。 C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。 The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it. ---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.” ---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.” I wish that he weren’t so lazy. (2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。 His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later. (3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如： I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。 I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。 I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。（4）I t’s (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。 It’s time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown. It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。（5）as, 或者whether…or…谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构：Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on. The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly. （6）由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，例如： She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。 The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself. (7) if it were not for…与现在事实相反，if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for： If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded.

人教版英语专项训练常见虚拟语气最全总结

人教版英语专项训练常见虚拟语气最全总结一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．—A student in my class said to me, “if I ______our math teacher, I_____ make math learning easier and more interesting instead of giving the kids much homework to do every day.”A．were, would B．am, will C．was, would D．were, will 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：句意：我班里的一个学生对我说：如果我是数学老师，我会使数学学习更简单有趣，而不是每天给学生许多作业去做。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构： 1、与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词” 3、与将来事实相反若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。该句描述的是与现状相反的事实故选A。考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars? — I would give it to charity. A．have B．had C．will have D．would have 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句意:-如果你有一百万美元你会做什么？-我会把它捐给慈善事业。have 有；had 过去式；will have 一般将来时；would have 过去将来时。根据句意可知，这里表示的是一个假设的问题，在if引导的条件状语从句中应该用虚拟语气，动词用过去式，故选B。考点：考查虚拟语气。 3．If I _____ you, I _____ late for school this morning. A．were, wouldn’t be B．were, wouldn’t C．was, won’t be D．am, will 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析；句意：如果我是你，今天早晨我上学就不会迟到。与现在事实相反，故从句用过去时态，主语用过去将来时态。选项B缺少谓语动词。故选A。考点：if引导的条件状语从句

虚拟语气考点练习(二)

虚拟语气考点练习（二） 16.I wish our teacher ______ to give another test. I haven’t got prepared yet. a. isn’t going b. weren’t going c. will not going d. could have gone 17.I wish I ______ to the movies with you last night. a. went b. did go c. could go d. could have gone 18.I’d just as soon ______ rudely to her. a. that you won’t speak b. your not speaking c. you not speak d. you didn’t speak 19.If I ______ in the twenty-first century, I ______ my vacation in a very different way. a. should live…would spend b. will live ….should spend c. are living … should have spent d. will be living…would have spent 20.It is required that the machine ______ as frequently as necessary. a. be oiled b. must be oiled c. is oiled d. will oil 21.His English teacher recommends that he ______ a regular degree program. a. begins b. begin c. will begin d. is beginning 22.We prefer that the plan ______ before being put into execution. a.is fully discussed b. must be fully discussed

虚拟语气用法总结讲课稿

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结朱世梅新时代大学英语中针对虚拟语气的练习题较多,而学生们往往把握不好虚拟语气的正确使用,现将其用法总结如下: 一.虚拟语气在英语里主要用来表达： a. 非真实的情景，不可能发生的事，即某种与事实相反或难以实现的情况，或说话人主观愿望。 b. 与客观事实相反地情景，即强制性虚拟语气，表示建议、命令、劝告这一类的意思上，表示强烈的要求做到、必须做到这样的含义。 c. 虚拟语气的表达形式是通过动词的变化形式表达的，其特点是主从句时态的不一致，而且一般有明显得标志。二.虚拟语气的考点为： 1.If 句型 (共有三种句型) 非真实条件句: a.与现在的事实相反：从句用一般过去时，主句的谓语用would (could, might) ＋动词原形 If I were Bill Gates, I would not work so hard every day. b.与过去的事实相反：从句用过去完成时，主句的谓语用would (could, might) ＋现在完成时 If I had gone to America when I graduated from middle school, I would have got my PhD degree. c.与将来的事实相反：从句用should (were to，did) + 动词原形，主句的谓语用would (could, might) ＋动词原形 If it should/were to snow tomorrow, I would go skiing.

注意：虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。 Eg: Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. Eg:_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do. d.混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。例如：条件句动作发生在过去，主句的动作发生在现在)谓语动词要根据表示的时间进行调整。 Eg: If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 2.Wish 句型表达“但愿…，要是…多好”的语气表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为： He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 Wish to do表达法: Wish sb / sth to do I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.) 3.在强制性语气的宾语从句中的运用即表示建议、命令、劝告、决心等主观色彩的动词 + that + (should) + 动词原形，其中should 经常被省略。这类动词包括： suggest, propose, recommend, demand, order, command, desire, require, insist,

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