英语专四听力突破辅导:专四听写常见问题及解题技巧

英语专四听力突破辅导:专四听写常见问题及解题技巧
英语专四听力突破辅导:专四听写常见问题及解题技巧

英语专四听力突破辅导:专四听写常见问题及解题技巧

在英语专业四级考试听写过程中经常发现的问题有:

1)不知如何利用第一遍听音时把握全文的大意,而急着写,丢了西瓜捡芝麻,只见部分单词而缺少骨架结构;

2)在第四遍结束后的两分钟复查时间里,不会很好地利用逻辑分析能力对有些明显的错误(如介词搭配或词语拼写等)进行校正,小错不断,或丢词,或写出的内容前后不通顺;

3)由于朗读中没有念出标点,而是靠考生自己听,判断选择,于是就出现全文没有标点符号,没有大小写,或所有的停顿处都是用一种符号,或中文标点混用在英文里的情况;甚至还有个别考生对这种标准听写形式陌生,对听写材料进行改写甚至会发挥到加工成作文。

针对听写的考试现状,考生如何提高听写成绩呢?

第一,考前要充分了解听写的形式,最好进行一次模拟实践,体会全过程。

第二,根据朗读方式,选用相应的书写技巧。如在听第一遍时,重点听主题思想和重点词,掌握全文大意,不要一听录音就写,因为这样急着写,也许能写出前边的单词或句

子,却有可能不知全文的大意;听写的第二遍和第三遍朗读是以意群为单位重复的,在第二遍朗读录音时,要以意群为单位去理解。因时间关系,不可能一词一词地全部写下,所以要分清主次信息,抓句型和关键词(主语、谓语等),在听第三遍时,再把其他部分,如修饰语、定冠词等遗漏内容补上,若有些词还来不及写,可先用一些自己认识的缩略形式,甚至特殊符号代替,等最后一遍核查时或结束前的两分钟检查时间时再补写出原形。听写的评分不是以写出的单词多少,而是先以是否把原文的主要意思表达清楚,然后以是否有大小错误,如单复数,大小写、遗漏冠词等,来决定扣分的不同。此外,如果在听的过程中有个别词或词组一下子反应不出来,就不要苦苦纠缠单个的词,要跟着录音进行下一意群的听写,因为听写评阅标准把全文根据15个意群分割成15分,每个意群最多扣一分,所以某个意群中的个别单词或词组的错误或遗漏不会影响其他意群的得分。而对于听不懂的单词,不妨先根据读音写下音标,等回头检查时再想。

第三,运用期待语法的作用,听之前根据题目展开联想,调集大脑中储存的相关信息,同时仔细理解第一句,因为首句常是主题句,后边的句子围绕它进一步展开,这样,可以适当缩小范围,更快地进入状态。

第四,听写是一项综合性的语言技能,包含了诸如听、写、词汇量、语法结构、篇章理解、记忆力等各方面,因此,提高听写能力,关键就是加强各种相关知识和技能的训练。这也就牵涉到平时对各门功课的学习。如提高听力水平,熟悉英美国家人士的说话和语音语调的差异是必要条件,但同时,如何把接收到的信息转化为自己的并写下来,则要求其他能力的配合,如对词汇的掌握及熟练程度、词语搭配知识等。同时还要运用语法知识,有时即使没听出来,也可补写出来,如单复数和时态等;还可利用逻辑推理能力,因为所听材料都是有意义的和独立成文的,因此,检查中如发现不合逻辑思维的句子,就可以肯定所写有误,进而改正。

第五,听写是个相对机械、容易操作的测试手段,但提高听写决非一朝一夕,靠突击就可以如愿以偿的。加强相关能力训练,能够间接促进听写水平;同时,有计划和有目的地反复实践听写,也可以巩固各项语言知识,发展运用知识的技巧,促使语言知识向语言交际能力转化。

第六,还要注意书写的整洁、清晰,用指定水笔按要求书写,以便于评阅。

最后,我们介绍英语专业四级考试听写的评分标准。听写标准主要根据意群和词组,把短文分为15小节,每节1分。听写评阅采用扣分法,每节最多扣1分。重复错误扣一次。根据评分需要,听写中出现的错误分为两类:小错误和大错误。小错误包括大小写、标点符号错误、冠词错误、单复数错误等;大错误包括漏写单词、添加单词、替换单词、时态错误等。每个小错误扣0.25分,每个大错误扣0.5分。

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