中考英语总复习非谓语动词难点、易错点 (2)

中考英语总复习非谓语动词难点、易错点 (2)
中考英语总复习非谓语动词难点、易错点 (2)

中考英语总复习非谓语动词难点、易错点

一、动词被动语态

1.— Waiter, I'd like a hot wing hamburger and corn salad.

— Sorry, sir. They ________ only for lunch and dinner. Why not consider ________ something else?

A. serve; to order

B. served; ordering

C. are served; ordering

D. served; to order 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:—服务员,我想要一个香辣鸡翅汉堡和玉米沙拉。—对不起,先生。他们只在午餐和晚餐提供。为什么不考虑点别的呢?they指代的是前面提到的香辣鸡翅汉堡和玉米沙拉,与动词serve之间是被动的关系,应该用被动语态的形式;consider doing sth.考虑做某事。故答案为C。

2.—Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class?

—Paper __________fast __________about 2,000 years ago in China.

A. is; invented

B. was; invented

C. is; inventing

D. was; inventing

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——Lucy,从这节历史课你已经学到了什么?——在中国大约2000年前纸被迅速发明。根据about 2,000 years ago,可知时态是一般过去时,排除A、C。主语paper 是动作invent 的承受者,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,invent的过去分词是invented,故选B。

【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意平时识记,理解句意。

3.Last year, five Chinese teachers to a school in the UK to teach the British students in Chinese style for four weeks.

A. was sent

B. were sent

C. have sent

D. sent

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:去年,五名语文老师被派往英国的一所学校达四周的时间用中国式的方法教英国的学生。根据主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态be done,故排除CD。根据主语是复数,所以系动词用were, 故选B。

【点评】考查被动语态,be动词的辨析复数主语用were。

4.It is said that one Greater Bay Area university ____ in Guangdong in the future.

A. will be built

B. build

C. will build

D. is built

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:据说未来广东将建立一所大湾区大学。build,动词,建造;university与build的之间存在动宾关系,谓语动词要用被动语态;根据in the future,可知此句要用一般将来时,will be built,故选A。

【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。

5.Many students ________ chances to show themselves in class because the class size is too big.

A. don't give

B. aren't given

C. haven't given

D. won't give

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:在班上很多学生没有机会展示他们自己,因为班级规模太大。当主语是动作的承受者时,用被动语态。结合句意,故选B

6.— When ______ the 24th Winter Olympic Games ______ in Beijing?

— In 2022.

A. is, held

B. will, hold

C. do, hold

D. will, be held

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:第二十四届冬季奥运会什么时候在北京举行?—2022。根据时间状语判断,时态为一般将来时态,主语the 24th Winter Olympic Games与动词hold之间是被动的关系,因此整个句子是一般将来时态的被动语态,答案为D。

【点评】考查将来时态中的被动结构:will be done。

7.The telephone____by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.

A. is invented

B. was invented

C. were invented

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:电话是1876年亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔发明的。表示在1876年发生的过去动作,用一般过去时态,主语the telephone。是谓语invent的承受者,用被动语态,故选B。

8.——These plans are all suitable. I haven't decided which one to choose.

——It's OK. You ________ plenty of time to make a decision.

A. gave

B. give

C. will give

D. will be given

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:一这些计划都合适。我没有决定选择哪一个。一好,会给你充足的时间作决定。现在还没有决定,将会给时间,用一般将来时态。“给你充足的时间”,主语you是谓语动词give的承受者,句子用被动语态,故选D。

9.— Mom, where is my model plane?

— Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday.

A. is lent

B. lends

C. was lent

D. lent

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查被动语态的用法。句意:-妈妈,我的飞机模型在哪里?-哦,昨天借给了詹妮。因为句子的主语是it,代指的是my model plane,my model plane与lend之间是被动关系。句子的时间状语是yesterday,所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。

10.The students of Class One_________ how to do the experiment in class yesterday.

A. taught

B. was taught

C. were taught

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意是:在昨天的课堂上学生们被教了怎样做实验。根据句意可知用被动语态,主语students 是名词复数形式,be 动词用 were,故选C。

【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态的用法。

11.Basketball ____ by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith.

A. is invented

B. was invented

C. invented

D. invents

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:篮球是一位叫James Naismith的加拿大医生发明的。主语是动作的执行者,用主动语态,主语是动作的承受者,用被动语态。本句中,主语basketball是谓语动词invent的承受者,用被动语态;发明篮球是过去发生的动作,用一般过去时态,故选B。

12.A lot of trees around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now.

A. plant

B. is planted

C. were planted

D. are planted

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】本题考查被动语态,句意:每年这儿周围种植很多树,现在我们就能够享受更新鲜的空气了,主语是物,用被动语态,由句中关键词every year可知用一般现在时,所以选D。

13.John can't go to the party on Thursday because he to go out on school nights.

A. allowed

B. is allowed

C. isn't allowed

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】be+动词的过去分词构成被动语态,其否定形式为be+not+动词过去分词,句意:John不能参加周四的聚会,因为他在工作日的晚上不被允许外出。故选C。【点评】考查被动语态的用法。

14.Students can't be made ______ all day.

A. study

B. studying

C. to study

D. studied

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意为:学生不能被迫整天学习。在主动句中,使役动词后接不带to的动词不定式,而变为被动句时,使役动词后应还原动词不定式符号to。故选C。

【点评】考查动词不定式的用法。

15.—Wow! You have a ticket to Xijiang! —It by my uncle. He is working in Xijiang.

A. is bought

B. was bought

C. has bought

D. had bought

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:一一哇,你有一张去西江的票,一一是我舅舅买的,他在西江工作。根据句意,票现在已经在这儿,说明买票是过去发生的动作,用一般过去时态。主语it(指票)是谓语动词buy的承受者,用被动语态,故选B。

16.Our plan to clean the park tomorrow.

A. discusses

B. will discuss

C. will be discussed

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查动词的时态及语态的用法。句意:打扫公园的计划将在明天被讨论。根据tomorrow可知,句子应该用一般将来时,句子的主语plan与discuss 之间是被动关系。故选C。

17.

—Have you heard of the Big Ben?

—Of course. It a symbol of UK.

A. regards as

B. is regarded as

C. is regarded to

D. regards to

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:一你听说过大本钟吗?一当然。它被看作是英国的象征。句中的It 代指Big Ben是动作regard的承受者,该用被动语态。而被动语态是由:be动词+实意动词的过去分词构成。be regarded as 被……看作,所以选B。

18. -- Lily, will you go to Jenny's birthday party this Saturday?

-- I'm not sure. Because I so far.

A. have invited

B. wasn't invited

C. haven't been invited

D. will be invited

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——莉莉,这个周六你参加詹尼的生日派对吗?——我不确定,因为我目前为止还没有被邀请。主语是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态;so far,现在完成时的标志词,故选C

19.These rules are made the disabled.

A. protect

B. protected

C. to protect

D. protecting

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:这些规则的制定为了保护残疾人。be made to do sth,被用来做某事,故选C。

【点评】本题考查被动语态。

20.— When ______ the 24th Winter Olympic Games ______ in Beijing?

— In 2022.

A. is, held

B. will, hold

C. do, hold

D. will, be held

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:第二十四届冬季奥运会什么时候在北京举行?—2022。根据时间状语判断,时态为一般将来时态,主语the 24th Winter Olympic Games与动词hold之间是被动的关系,因此整个句子是一般将来时态的被动语态,答案为D。

【点评】考查将来时态中的被动结构:will be done。

21.—Is everything ____ we need to do ____?

—Yes. You needn't worry about it.

A. which; has done

B. which; doing

C. that; has done

D. that; done

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:—我们所需要做的一切都做了吗?—是的,你们不必担心。本题考查定语从句和被动语态。在定语从句中,当先行词是everything时,关系代词用that。第二个空用done,和Is构成被动结构,故答案为D.

【点评】此题考查定语从句和被动语态。

22.Those children _______to use words like "thanks" and "please" every morning. Now they are much more polite.

A. teach

B. will teach

C. are taught

D. will be taught

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:这些孩子每天早上都被教导使用“谢谢”和“请”这样的词。现在他们更有礼貌了。A一般现在时,B一般将来时,C一般现在时被动语态,D一般将来时被动语态,those children是动词teach(教)的受动者,需用被动语态,根据every morning,每天早上,可知用一般现在时的被动语态,be done,those children,复数人称,因此be 动词用are,可知选C。

【点评】考查动词语态辨析。注意一般现在时被动语态的用法。

23.This pair of jeans______ hand, and it______ very comfortable.

A. is make with; is felt

B. are made from; is felt

C. is made by; feels

D. are made of; feels

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:这条牛仔裤是手工制作的。它感觉起来非常舒服。be made from 由……原料制成原料发生化学变化,be made of ,原料发生物理变化。be made by由(某人)制成,后加动作的发出者。feel半系动词,没有被动结构,根据句意,故选C。

【点评】考查被动语态的用法。

24.To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _________ into the river.

A. needn't be thrown

B. can't thrown

C. mustn't be thrown

D. may not thrown 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】为了使我们的城市更美丽,禁止往河里扔垃圾。根据语境,本句的主语是动作的承受者,应用被动语态。另外,表示禁止、不允许应用mustn’t。故选C。

25.This pair of chopsticks ________ of bamboo.

A. is made

B. are made

C. made

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:这双筷子是有竹子制成的。描述客观事实用一般现在时,make与

主语是被动关系,故用被动语态,be done,主语是pair,第三人称单数,故be动词用is,故选A。

【点评】考查被动语态,注意主谓一致的用法。

26.Jack told the librarian that the book _______as soon as he finished reading it.

A. was returned

B. would be returned

C. has been returned

D. will be returned

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:Jack告诉图书管理员这本书他一读完就会归还。was returned是一般过去时态的被动语态;would be returned是过去将来时的被动语态;has been returned 是现在完成时的被动语态;will be returned是一般将来时态的被动语态。很明显that引导的宾语从句中的主语the book和所填的动词构成被动关系;主句的时态是told一般过去时态,宾语从句中必须使用过去时态,而且宾语从句表示的是将来的时间,故应使用过去将来时态的被动语态,选B。

【点评】考查动词的时态和语态,本题涉及过去将来时的被动语态的应用,其结构:would be done。

27.The Hong Kong—Zhuhai—Macao Bridge in 2018. We are proud of it.

A. is completed

B. is completing

C. was completed

D. completes

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:港珠澳大桥竣工于2018年。我们为此感到骄傲。complete,完成,竣工;动词;与the Hong Kong—Zhuhai—Macao Bridge 有动宾关系,且后者作主语,谓语动词要用被动语态be+动词的过去分词;由2018提示可知要用一般过去时,故选C。【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。

28.More chances _____ for students to learn from each other if working in groups.

A. provide

B. are provided

C. provided

D. will provide

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:如果以小组学习,将给学生提供更多的彼此学习的机会。根据主语More chances“更多的机会”是被提供的,故是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态:be+过去分词,故可以排除ACD,故选B。

【点评】考查被动语态,其结构为be+过去分词。

29.Smart phones ______ by Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.

A. made

B. making

C. to make

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:由华为制造的智能手机在全世界正在变得越来越受欢迎。根据句意可知 ______ by Huawei做前面phones的定语,并且表示被动,所以用动词过去分词做名词定语,即made,故选A。

【点评】考查动词过去分词做名词定语,注意平时识记,理解句意。

30.Have you heard that the 2022 Winter Olympics ______________ in Beijing?

A. held

B. are held

C. were held

D. will be held

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:你听说2022年冬季奥运会要在北京举行吗?根据2022年可知句子时态是一般将来时,句子的主语和谓语之间是被动关系,可知此处是一般将来时的被动语态,will be done,故选D。

【点评】此题考查一般将来时的被动语态。注意一般将来时被动语态的结构。

31.—The traffic is too busy. We have to drive slowly.

—I think more new roads in our city.

A. should be built

B. should built

C. have built

D. build

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:-交通车辆太繁忙,我们不得不开慢点。-我认为在我们城市更多的新路应当被建设。根据句意及题干分析此题是含有情态动词的被动语态,情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。所以是should be built,故选A

【点评】本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为情态动词+be+过去分词。32.Because it every day, the window is very clean.

A. cleaned

B. will clean

C. was cleaned

D. is cleaned

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:因为窗户每夭打扫,所以非常干净。A.一般过去时态;B.一般将来时态;C.一般过去时被动语态;D.一般现在时被动语态。每夭打扫窗户,表示经常性习惯性的动作,用一般现在时态;主语it(指the window)是谓语动词clean的承受者,用被动语态,故选D。

33.Paper first about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun.

A. is; inventing

B. is; invented

C. has; invented

D. was; invented

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:造纸术是在两千年前被中国的蔡伦发明的。纸和发明是被动关系,应使用被动语态,根据 two thousand years ago ,可知应使用一般过去时,故答案是D。

【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意根据主语与动词之间的关系确定语态,根据时间状语确定时态。

34.--- Lots of trees and flowers ________ in Zhangzhou every year.

--- You're right. That makes our city more and more beautiful.

A. are planted

B. were planted

C. will be planted

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意为:一每年漳州都种植大量的树木和花草。一你说得对。这使得我们的城市越来越漂亮。根据语境可知,这里指的是一个经常性的动作,应用一般现在时,主语是动作的承受者,应用被动语态。结合选项可知应选A。

35.—Claudia, are you going to Mike's birthday party on Sunday? —Unless I ______ .

A. am invited

B. invited

C. was inviting

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:-Claudia这个星期天你打算去参加Mike的生日晚会吗?一除非我被邀请去。A.一般现在时态的被动语态,被邀请;B.过去式,或过去分词;C.过去进行时,表示过去某个时间正在发生的事情。根据句意可知,我应被邀请去参加晚会,应该用被动语态,故选A。

最新中考英语知识点汇总

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