2010年英语一答案解析

2010年英语一答案解析

【篇一：2010年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解

析】

解析 section i use of english

一、文章题材结构分析

本文是取材于新闻报道，叙述了猪流感的爆发，产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。首段和第二段简

述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。第三段引用专家的观点，认为瘟疫并不严重。第四段和第五段以墨西哥及

美国的情况为例，说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。

二、试题解析

1.【答案】d

【解析】上文提到“? was declared a global epidemic?”，根据declare 的逻辑（“宣布为”），可知应该选 d 项

designated“命名，制定”，而不是 c 项commented“评论”，这是典型的近义词复现题目。

2．【答案】c

【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索，选出答案，难度在于出处句是个长难句。本句的理解应该抓住 alert、

meeting 和 a sharp rise 三者的关系，根据 after a sharp rise 可知是 rise（“病例数的增加”）是 meeting（“日内瓦专家

会议”）的原因，由此可推导出 alert 并非是 meeting 的原因，而是结果，即 meeting 使得 alert 升级。根据上述分析

可以排除 b、d 选项，b 项activated“激活，激起”，d 项“促使，引起”，此两项的选择都在讲 alert 导致了 meeting

的召开。而 c 项 followed 意思是“紧随，跟在??之后”，体现出after 的逻辑，完全满足本句 rise 之后是 meeting，

meeting 之后是 alert 的逻辑，所以是正确项。而 a 项

proceeded“继续”，属不及物动词，不可接宾语，用法和逻辑

用在此处都不合适。

3．【答案】b

【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词 and，从并列呼应来看：空格后的表达 in britain?对应前面的 in australia，

所以空格处 rising _____ 应该对应 a sharp rise in cases（“病例数的剧增”），因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。a 项

digits“（阿拉伯）数字”，不表示数量，不能与 rising 形成搭配；c 项amounts“数量”，常修饰不可数名词（此处指

的是 cases，可数名词）；d 项sums“金额，款项”，不能用于表达“病例数”。b 项numbers“数量”，修饰可数名词（如：

large numbers of cases 大量的病例），符合题意。

4．【答案】a

【解析】此处句子开头的“but”是重要的逻辑线索，与上文意思（第二段）形成对比反差。上文的关键性表达

如“heightened alert”、“emergency meeting”和“a sharp rise in cases”都在讲述猪流感的严重性，所以根据 but 和 in

severity，可知空格处应该是“不严重或缓和”的逻辑。

5．【答案】a

【解析】but the epidemic is “moderate” in

severity, ? ?5? ?patients experiencing ? symptoms and ?

recovery?，本句的划线部分是句子主干（主系表），逗号后面的表达是包含有逻辑主语 patients 和逻辑谓语

experiencing 的独立主格结构（symptoms and ? recovery 是逻辑宾语）。根据语法原理，只有介词 with 才可以引导

独立主格，所以选 a。再比如：she sat there, with tears streaming down her face. “她坐在那里，泪流满面”。

6．【答案】b

【解析】根据出处句中? in the of ? 这个搭配，可排除 a、d 项，答案应该选 b、c 项中的一个。

b 项in the absence of “缺乏，不存在”，例如 the case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof. “此案因缺乏

确凿证据不予受理”。c 项 in the presence of 逻辑相反，意思是“存在??的情况下”，例如，the document was signed

in the presence of two witnesses. “本文件是在两位证人的见证下签署的”。

7．【答案】d

【解析】根据出处句中?come to global ?这个搭配，可排除 b、c 项，答案应该选 a、d 项中的一个。

a 项 come to reality 指“成为现实”；d 项 come to notice 为“受

到关注”。

8．【答案】c

【解析】an unusual large number of hospitalizations and deaths healthy adults，空格前意思“极其众多的

住院和死亡案例”，空格后意思“健康的成年人”不难看出，前者和后

者是被包含与包含的逻辑关系，所以选c项among

“在??中”。

其他三个选项：a 项over “覆盖；超过”等；b 项for “对于；因为”等；d 项to “朝向；对于”等，均不能表

示“包含”的逻辑关系。

9．【答案】b

【解析】上文（本段首句）提到 the outbreak came to global notice?“这场瘟疫的爆发引起了全球性关注”，接

着本句阐述说“不仅在墨西哥该病例让人很惊慌，而且它开始在纽约、美国西南部，以及世界各地开始出现”。所以，

此处空格应该是“出现”之意。

a 项stay up “熬夜”，c 项fill up “填满。装满”，d 项 cover up “盖住；掩盖”，上述三项的意思无法体现所

需逻辑需要，而 b 项 crop up 的意思正是“突然出现，大量出现”，所以选 b。

10．【答案】a

【解析】? new cases seemed to fade ____ warmer weather arrived，本句中下划线部分是主干，斜体部分是状

语从句，空格处的连词选择取决于前后主从句的逻辑关系。不难看

出从句部分“温暖天气的

来临”自身有明显的时间

概念，所以可重点关注 a、d 两项。a 项as“随着”，代入本句，逻

辑是“随着天气转暖，新的病例似乎逐渐减少”，

没有任何瑕疵。d 项until “直到??时”，选本项有一个逻辑要求，

即主句的谓语动词必须有“持续”之意，如 he sat

there until i returned. “他坐在那，一直到我回来”，而此句主干部

分的动词 seemed to fade 不能表示这种“持续”，不能

说“新的病例似乎减少到天气转暖的时候”。b 项if“如果”和 c 项unles s “除非”均表示“假设或条件”，代入空格形成

完整句子的逻辑存在明显问题。

11．【答案】c

【解析】本句开头的 but 提示本句和上文信息逻辑相反，上文讲“病例似乎逐渐减少”（fade），所以本句空

白处应该是意义相反的词义。

a 项excessive“过多的，过度的”，

b 项enormous“巨大的，庞大的”，

c 项significant“显著的，明显的”（注：

此处不应理解为“重要的，有意义的”），d 项magnificent “壮观的”，根据句意“官方报道说几乎每个州的流感发作

都很_____”，答案显然选 c。

12．【答案】d

【解析】此处空白所填词义需满足两个条件：（1）与 tested 构成

动宾逻辑；（2）与 the new swine flu 构成主

表逻辑。

a 项categories “（人或事物）种类，类别”，c 项patterns “模式，样式”，此两项含义显然不能满足上述逻

辑条件。b 项examples“例子”和 d 项samples“样品，样本”相互

干扰较大，这是因为两者形相似义相近（注：答案

常蕴含在这种关系的选项中）。但能符合上述条件（1）和（2），

含义为“几乎所有检测的_______都是新的猪流感”

的只能是 d 项。

13．【答案】d

【解析】从该句后半部分的“and caused more than 600 deaths?”可看出，空白处的动词应与后面的caused(“引

起”)是因果逻辑关系。此外，空白处的动词还与前面的 it（指代“猪

流感”）构成主谓逻辑关系。

a 项imparted “告知；传授；给予”，例如：to impart news to the press “向新闻透露消息”。

b 项 immerse d“使

浸没”。例如：the child immersed his head in water. “这个孩子

将脑袋没入了水中“；c 项injected “注射，打针”。此

三项显然无法满足上述的逻辑条件。d 项infected “感染，传染”和

c 项 injecte

d 形相近（注：答案常蕴含在这种关

系的选项中），并且满足“它已经感染了??并引起??”这样的逻辑条件，所以选 d。

14．【答案】a

【解析】根据 for children 和 from the national stockpile 两个介词短语的逻辑可知：

children 是 tamiflu 的接受

者，而 the national stockpile 是 tamiflu 的来源出处。此外，空白处动词需与 federal health officials 形成主谓逻辑，

同时和 tamiflu 形成动宾逻辑。

综上所述，a 项released “释放，发行”可引申为此句所需的逻辑“发放”以满足上述条件，即“联邦政府的卫

生官员从贮备中发放 tamiflu 疫苗给儿童”；b 项relayed“接替；转接”；c 项relieved“缓解”；d 项remained“依然是，

剩余”。此三项无法满足上述逻辑条件。

15．【答案】c

【解析】本句话中began to ______ orders from the states的动作发出者是federal health officials，结合介词from，

它和 the states 的逻辑关系应是“卫生部官员接受各州的订单”，而非“卫生部官员向各州下订单”，所以只能选 c 项

taking。

16．【答案】b

【解析】下文信息（下句）more than three million doses were to be made available in early october 2009“到 2009

年 10 月初，300 多万剂新疫苗就能生产出来”，此句信息实际上是空白出处句的具体扩展，逻辑高度对应：the new

vaccine 对应 more than three million doses, ahead of expectation 对应 in early october 2009，所以 is ______ 正好对应

were to be made available。

b 项available “可得到的，可获得的”，根据上述思路，它显然属于同词的复现呼应，是正确选项。a 项 feasible

“可行的，合理的”，c 项reliable“可靠的”和 d 项applicable“适用的”，不符合上下文同词复现的条件。

17．【答案】d

【解析】空格前面的指示代词 those 是重要线索，指代上句 more than three million doses,即上句中的 the new

vaccine，所以空格处所填词汇应该和 new 是同义词。

d 项initial“最初的，开始的”，和 new 属于同义词，显然属于同义

词复现呼应，是正确项。a 项prevalent“流

行的，盛行的”，b 项principal“主要的”和 c 项innovative“革新的”，不符合上下文同词复现的条件。

18．【答案】c

【解析】下文信息（下句）的 but 是重要的逻辑线索（but it was still possible to ?），根据此处的 still possible

可知：空格处的逻辑应和 possible（此处理解为“可行的”）是同义

词关系。c 项recommended “被推荐的”显然和

possible“可行的”属于同义词的复现呼应。

19．【答案】a

【解析】应该关注本句中的并列连词 or。根据出处信息?those (with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several

other _ 19___)中的 or 和 other 可知：difficulties、disease 和

空格词汇属近义词关系。

a 项problems“问题”，此词的含义具有一定的宽泛性（即概括性），不仅在逻辑上包含 difficulties 和 disease，

又与它们属于近义词的复现呼应，所以是正确答案。b 项 issues “问题”，但仅指争论的问题，如“议题”；c 项 agonies

和 d 项 sufferings 都表示“痛苦”，根据四选一的原则，两项应属

被排除的对象。

20．【答案】b

【解析】根据出处句信息的 and 可知：health care workers, people20infants 和 healthy young people 是

并列关系，因此三者属近义的逻辑。再根据前面的 care，以及常用

到的同义词复现呼应原理，可知应该选 b 项 caring

for“照顾，照料”。

三、全文翻译

猪流感首先在墨西哥被发现，2009 年 6 月 11 日它的爆发被宣布为

全球性瘟疫。这是世界卫生组织 41 年来指

定的第一次世界性瘟疫。

澳大利亚病例数的急剧增加以及英国、日本、智利和其他地方患病

人数的不断增加使得流感专家齐聚日内瓦。

在此紧急会议之后，各地的警戒级别也进一步提高。

但是，在该组织总干事 margaret chan 看来，这场瘟疫就严重度而

言只是“温和”的，因为绝大多数患者只有轻

微的症状，即使在没有任何医疗的情况下往往也会痊愈。

直到 2009 年 4 月末，该瘟疫的爆发才引起全球性的关注。当时，

墨西哥政府注意到在健康的成年人中住院和

死亡的人数非同寻常。随着墨西哥城很多地方在极度恐慌中大门紧闭，纽约、美国西南部以及世界各地也都开始出

现同样病例。

在美国，随着天气转暖，新的病例数似乎逐渐减少。但是在 2009

年 9 月末，官方报道却说几乎每个州的流感

发作都很显著，并且几乎所有的检测样本都是新的猪流感（也被称

为 h1n1），而非季节性流感。在美国，已有 100

多万人感染了此种瘟疫，导致600 多人死亡和6000 多人住院治疗。联邦政府的卫生官员从国家贮备中拨出 tamiflu 疫苗发放给儿童，

并开始接受来自各州的有关新猪流感疫苗的

订单。这种新疫苗不同于年度流感疫苗，它的投入使用时间比人们

期待的还早。到 2009 年 10 月初，300 多万剂疫

苗就能生产出来。然而，那些最初的疫苗大多是喷鼻型疫苗，不适

合孕妇、50 岁以上人群、呼吸障碍患者、心脏

病患者以及患有其他病症的人群。但是对其他高危人群接种该疫苗

仍是可行的，如医护工作者、儿童护理人员以及

健康的年轻人。

section ii reading comprehension

part a

text 1

【篇二：2010年英语一真题翻译】

p> ?

section iuse of english

1924年美国国家调查委员会派出两名工程师监督在芝加哥附近的霍

桑工厂的电话配件生产车间进行实验。实验旨在了解车间照明是否

影响工人的生产效率。研究最终总结为一个极具影响力的概念——“霍桑效应”，也正是实验所研究的行为改变了工人们的表现。?

这种观点之所以产生是因为工厂的女工令人困惑的行为。根据实验

的描述，当灯光变亮或者变暗时，工人每小时的产量都有所提高。

至于实验中做了什么并不重要；只要改变了条件，产量就有所提高。

工人知道自己本身是被研究对象——这一意识就足以改变他们的行为。?

几十年后，同样的数据也被应用在计量经济学分析中。霍桑试验在

仓储业方面有了另一个令人惊奇的结果。和记录的描述相反，

〖jp+2〗并没有发现系统的证据来证明生产力水平与照明变化有关。〖jp〗?

结果表明，实验中使用的特别方法或许会误导对实验室数据的解释。举例来说，周日对照明进行改变。周一再工作时，产量与上周六相

比有所提高，这一趋势将会持续几日。然而，通过对没有做实验前

的几周数据对比发现，周一的产量总是提高。工人们无论在什么状

况下在一周的最初几日工作非常勤快，然后就到达平稳水平，最后

又懈怠下来。这表明所谓的“霍桑效应”是很难确定的。?

section iireading comprehension

part a

text1

在过去的25年里发生在英语报纸上的所有变化中，或许最具有深远意义的就是艺术评论报道范围缩小和严肃性上的降低。?

年龄在40岁以下的普通读者无法想象那样一个能够在大部分的大城市报纸上找到高质量的文艺评论的时代。然而，发表在20世纪的大

量的评论集是由大量报纸评论所组成。如今去读这种书籍会使人们

对这样一种事实感到大为惊讶，那就是这些广博的内容曾经被人们

认为很适合刊登在面向大众的日报上。

我们离20世纪初期和二战前夕期间在英国发表的东拉西扯的报纸评论甚至更远，当时，新闻用纸非常便宜，而且时髦的文艺评论被认

为是一种对刊登这种内容的出版物的装饰。在那些遥远的年代，主

流报纸的评论家们会把报道的事件详细充分地记录下来，这被视为

理所当然。这些评论家们所从事的是严肃的事业。正如大家所知，

像萧伯纳和纽曼那样不炫耀自己学识的评论家都是知识渊博的人。

这些人把新闻业看作一个职业，他们也以在报纸上发表音乐评论为豪。纽曼写到，“能拥有足够的思想或足够的文学天赋可以使他们在

新闻业上成就自己的事业的作者是如此之少，以致于我禁不住把‘新

闻业’定义成被某些作家所使用的一个耻辱的术语。对真正的作家而言，他们根本就没有学问”。?

年开始到1975年去世之前一直为《曼彻斯特卫报》撰稿，卡达斯现

在被认为是独一无二专门为板球运动撰稿的作家。而如今在他一生中，尽管他是英国最重要的古典音乐评论家，也是一位备受爱戴的

文体学家，他的自传是最畅销的小说。1967年，他被授予爵士称号，这是第一位音乐评论家获此殊荣。然而如今他只有一本书还在版，

他关于音乐方面的大量评论作品除了专家之外不被大众所知。?

卡达斯的评论还有可能在他死后重新流行吗?前景似乎渺茫。新闻情趣在他去世之前已经改变，并且后现代的读者们很少阅读他所擅长

的经过华丽修饰的文章。此外，音乐评论中的业余传统就一直在迅

猛地衰退。 ?

text2

在过去的十年里，商业方法被授予了成千上万的专利。亚马逊拥有“滴答”在线付账系统的专利，美林公司获得了资产分配策略的法律

保护。一位发明者拥有举起重箱的一项专利技术。?

如今国家高级专利法庭正准备限制商业方法专利的范围，该专利自

从10年前获准授权以来就一直备受争议。在有知识产权律师参与的

活动中，美国联邦委员会的上诉法院解释说法庭将审理一个特别的

案例引导对商业方法专利做更宽泛的评判。苏里大学法学院的一位

专利学教授dennis d. crouch说，正如人们所知道的那样，bilski

案例是一件非常大的事情。它有可能整个取消这种专利类别。?

对商业方法专利申请的限制的态度有了戏剧性的变化，因为这是

联邦巡回法院在1998年所谓的国家银行法案中实施该项专利，这是

一项批准合伙经营共同基金资产的专利。这项裁决在商业方法专利

归档中引起了轩然大波，商业方法专利归档最早是由网络公司对特

殊的网上交易监控专营权利。后来越来越多常设公司将该项专利添

加在他们的档案中，作为防卫他们的对手将他们打败。2005年，

ibm公司在法庭档案中记录到，他们已经有300多项商业方法专利

得到授权，尽管法院也质疑授权的法律基础。同样，一些华尔街投

资公司也用商业产品的专利武装自己，他们甚至出庭反对这项措施。?

bilski案例涉及到在能源市场上规避危险的专利方法。联邦巡回法

院签署了一项非同寻常的法令，法令称这个案子必须由12名法官审

理而不是通常的3人小组审理，法院要评估的问题就是是否应该重

新考虑国家银行的监管。 ?

联邦巡回法院的行为是紧随高级法院的决定做出的。高级法院已经

缩小了专利持有人的保护范围。去年四月，判决显示就有很多的发

明专利正在等待授权。华盛顿法学院的教授、专利权律师，harold c.

wegner说，联邦巡回法院的法官正在对最高法院反专利的趋势做出

反应。?

text3

这个观点直觉上有说服力，但它并没有解释思想如何被传播的。?

社会名流的假定重要性来自一个被称之为“两步交流流转法”，该理

论似是而非，而且还没有得到证实。该理论反映了信息从媒体流向

社会名流，然后从他们再流向大众。市场商人欢迎这种“两步流转法”，因为这表明如果他们能够找到并影响这些有影响力的人物，这

些精心挑选的人将会为他们所用。该理论似乎解释了某些流行式样、品牌和邻里的突然而意想不到的流行。在许多情况下，粗略的研究

发现小部分人在别人注意前就已经穿着、推销和传播。这种轶事一

样的证据正好迎合了只有特定特殊人群可以驱动社会流行的观点。?

在最近的工作中，有些研究者们已经提出他们的发现：社会名流对

社会流行的影响远低于所预期的影响力。事实上，并不是非有他们

不可。?

建立在对人际影响的基本真相基础上，研究者们通过实施大量人

【篇三：2010年英语真题和答案】

art i vocabulary and structure(1 point each, 30 points in all )

directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences. you are

required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked a, b, c and d, then write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet. 1.—thank you for help,peter.

— a.of course b.my pleasure c.never mind d.i’m fine

to the public what is happening.

a.for us in explaining

b.to us to explain

c.of us in explaining

d.for us to explain

3. it d idn’t raini got to the town hall.

a. unless

b.if

c.until

d.whether

4. i didn’t think i could ever a. get used to livingb. used to live

c. be used to live

d. used to living

a. confident

b.doubtful

c. comfortable

d.responsible

thousands of people.

a. kill

b.killed

c.killing

d.to kill

this area.

a. wide

b. long

c. close

d. low

8. the houses in this village are similar those in that village.

a. from

b.to

c. in

d. as

9. it was because he wanted to draw money from the went downtown yesterday.

a. when

b. how

c. why

d. that

a. think

b. have

c. take

d. keep

11. i’ll never forgetthis piece of music for the first time.

a. to hear

b. to be heard

c. being heard

d. hearing

12. only when you have collected sufficient data , come to a sound conclusion.

a. you can

b. can you

c. you should

d. should you

13. nothing would a. predict b. present c. preventd. prefer

report yesterday.

a. two-thousand-word

b. two-thousand-words’

c. two-thousand-words

d. two-thousands-word

a modern farm.

a. developing

b. to develop

c. developed

d. develop

his job at the university , he’s now running his own research company.

a. in addition to

b. as well as

c. except for

d. but for

17. mary wasn’t at home ,i left a note.

a.since

b. while

c. or

d. so

your mother while you are away?

a. look at

b. look after

c. look into

d. look over

made me very angry.

a. who

b. that

c. which

d.what

20. he hasn’t decidedstay.

a. both . . . and

b. neither . . . nor

c. either . . . or

d. whether . . .or .

a.eager

b. keen

c. interested

d. fond

marketing is concerned , it is better to have a meeting with the sales managers.

a. as long as

b. as soon as

c. as far as

d. as much as

, lost his job.

a. matter

b. reason

c. fact

d. result

weeks.

a. how

b. that

c. which

d. what

a. wherever

b. whichever

c. however

d. whatever

a. at the end

b. on the end

c. to the end

d. in the end

after the meeting.

a. did they exchange

b. they exchanged

c. they did exchange

d. exchanged they

28. after coming a long way from the valley, the little boy was rired a. kind b. excited c. weakd. lively

wake the patient.

a. so as not to

b. so not as to

c. not so as to

d. so as to not

a. have been done

b. has been done

c. have done

d. has done part ii .cloze ( 1 point each, 15 points in all)

directions: there are 15 blanks in the following passage. for each blank there are 4 choices marked a ,b , c and d. you should choose the one that best fits into the passage and write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.

the purpose of an application letter is to help you to “sell” yourselfthe job you want clearly, and should tell what your abilities are have done. it any necessary facts.

a may want to know a number of important things. what are your qualifications? what achievements have and what are your aims? the

your opening sentences to the needs or interests of the employer , not to your own needs or desires.

for their first positions often ask “ what can i provide in a letter?” employers want to know about your experience. certainly, a beginner experience. the answer is that is experience.

is important to write good strong closing words for your letter. ask for an to do or expect . an excellent idea your address and a stamp. that makes it easier for a possible 31. a . finishb. state c. take d. say

32. a . howb. why c. what d. that

33. a . behindb. for c. off d. out

34. a . careless b. possiblec. selfish d. former

35. a . madeb. taken c. found d. given

36. a . previous b. middle c. openingd. ending

37. a . to be keeping b. to keepc. to have kept d. having kept

38. a . be b. been c. being d. to be

39. a . finding b. sendingc. pickingd. looking

40. a . lots ofb. enoughc. no d. not

41. a . will do b. had donec. would dod. have done

42. a . itb. that c. what d. such

43. a . incomplete b. infinitec. definited. delicate

44. a . withb. on c. by d. under

45. a . coach b. touch c. reach d. approach

part ii . reading comprehension ( 2.5 point each, 50 points in all)

directions: there are 4 tasks for you to fulfill. you should read the passages below carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.

task 1

directions: after reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements ( no. 46 to no . 50 ) . for

each question or statement there are 4 choices marked a , b, c and d . you should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.

a dolphin（海豚）looks more like a fish than certain fishes do . it is an excellent swimmer. the dolphin seems to flash through the water . like fish, dolphins are completely at home in the water. there they play , feed, sleep, and give birth to their young. dolphins live in the sea and can live only in the sea.

yet they are not fish. a dolphin must come to the surface to breathe. fish can take oxygen from the water. dolphins cannot. like us, they breathe with lung and must take their oxygen from the air . and they are mammals（哺乳动物）.

most mammals are land animals. dolphins are evolved（进化）from land animals. long ago, dolphin ancestors（祖先）left the land for the sea. among the animals was a kind that would become the dolphin we know. no one is sure exactly what kind of animal it was. but there is

reason to think it was related to grass-eating animals like the cow. modern dolphins are fish-eaters.yet their stomachs are

like those of animals that eat plants. the make-up of their blood is also like that of grass-eating animals.

a. dolphins

b.fish

c.mammals

d.cows

47. what can we learn from the first paragraph?

a. a dolphin is a special kind of fish.

b.dolphins can’t swim

very quickly.

c. dolphins can live only in the sea.

d.dolphins produce their babies on land.

48. different from fish，a. live on land. b.breathe with lungs. c. breathe under water.d.live without oxygen.

a. fish-eating mammals.

b.sea animals.

c. grass-eating fish.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/6a260543.html,nd animals.

50. what can be inferred from the passage?

a. dolphins have highly evolved

. b.mammals don’t eat plants at all.

c. all fishes developed from land animals.

d.dolphins were once closely related to humans.

task 2

directions:after reading the following passage，you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements(no.51 to no.55). for each question or statement there are 4 choices marked a，b，c and d. you should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.

many students who pareicipated in the 2010 civil service exams(公务员考试)in china saw them as the“most diffcult”，due to their emphasis on general knowledge.

this year，the chinese central government offices have opened 15,000 posts but it’s not large enough to find a home for the one million people applying. according to a 2009 washington post report,us students are also giving government jobs a hard look. “the partnership for public service”poll(民意调查)found that about 90% of us students are interested in federal(联邦政府的)jobs. nearly 84% gave the security offered by federal jobs as a reason.

the same goes for students in the uk.a 2008 daily mail report found that applications from college graduates for government civil service jobs have surged 33% over 2007.

besides providing financial security， civil service jobs ususlly offer other benefits，especially in asia. in india， for example, the average annual income is about $8，116-more than 10 times higher. plus, civil servants get a one-month paid holiday every year，20 days of medical leave and 20-day half-paid vacation.

51.the 2010 civil service exams in china were thought

th e“most difficult”becausea. most of the students hadn’t prepared well.

b. the exams emphasized general knowledge.

c. too many people were interested in civil services.

d. students were not good at answering the questions.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/6a260543.html, students are also giving government jobs a hard look，a. washington post b.daily mail

c. the us federal government

d.the chinese central

government

53.which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“surged”(in para.3)?

a. improved

b.failed

c.increased

d.decreased

54.the civil servants’ annual income in india isa. as much as 8，116 dollars b. no more than 720 dollars

c. less than the average annual income

d. the same as the average annual income

.

a. what benefits a civil servant can enjoy

b. how to get a desirable salary as one expects

c. why the students complained about the exams

d. why so many people want to be civil servants

task 3

directions:after reading the following passage，you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements(no.56 to no.60). for each question or statement there are 4 choices marked a，b，c and d. you should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.

with the average number of children in a british family falling beneath 2.0，the population of the uk has been falling for quite a few years. the size of the british workforce(劳动力)is

becoming smaller and the average age of the workforce is rising. this trend is quite worrying for the british economy.

why aren’t the british having as many children as they used to? well，there is a whole range of reasons. one of them is that british people are now having at a much older age than before，meaning they have fewer years in which they can have chidren. after years of study at university，they then need a few years

of work experience before they can get the job they want. they might then get married，but it’s very expensive to buy a house in the uk.

the above also explains why british young people now don’t move out of their parents’ home until they are around 30 years old on average.it is not until they are 30 that they can afford to get married and start a new life in a new home. it’s only after

this age that many young people start thinking about having a child.

a. the size of the workforce is becoming larger

b. the population of the uk has been on the rise

c. the workers of the uk are much younger than before

d. the average number of children in british family is falling

57.why do the british now have fewer children than before?

a. they have a well-paid jo

b.

b. they don’t want to have children.

c. they have their children at a much older age.

d. they have no time to look after their children.

58.if british young people want to get the job they want，a. should have at least two children b. have to be more than 30 years old

c. should have been married for years

d. need a few years of work experience

59.why do british young people live with parents till around 30?

a. they can’t afford to buy a house.

b. they haven’t got their children yet.

c. they have to look after their parents.

d. they are used to

living with their parents.

60.what aspect of the uk is discussed in the passage?

a. education

b.families

c.economy

d.workforce