主谓一致(精选)

高中英语：主谓一致

知识总结归纳

一、概念：主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则。

二、主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：语法一致，就近一致和意义一致。

（一）、语法一致：主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。

e.g. I Ofte n help him and he Ofte n helps me. We Ofte n help each other.

不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语，谓语动词用复数。

1. 由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语：

①The WOrker and Writer ____ （be） from WUhan.那个工人兼作家

②The WOrker and the Writer ____ （be） from Beiji ng. 那位工人和那位作家

③The SeCretary and mon itor asked to make a SPeeCh at the meeti ng. A. is B. WaS C. are D. Were

（1）这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件不同的事物，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：

①My brother and I have both See n that film.

②Both rice and Wheat are grown in this Part of China.

③The poet and the no VeIiSt Were both PreSe nt at the meeti ng.

（2）这部分主语表示具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and 后面的名词前没有冠词。例：

①The StateSma n and poet WaS en gaged in Warfare all his life.

②War and PeaCe is a Con Sta nt theme in history.

③One more knife and fork is n eeded.

④Bread and butter is our daily food.

⑤LaW and order has bee n established.

（3）这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例句：

①EaCh doctor and （each）nurse WaS given a new shirt.

②No SoUndand no voice is heard.

③Many a boy and girl has made the Same mistake.

④EVery minute and every SeC Ond js precious.

2. 动名词，不定式，主语从句做主语时谓语动词用单数形式。例句：

①Readi ng is a great PIeaSUre in life.

②To live means to create.

③That We n eed more time is obvious.

④What is n eeded is food and medici ne.

3. 表示时间，金钱，距离，重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

例句：

①Three thousa nd miles is a Iong dista nce.

②Eight hours of sleep is eno ugh.

③Ten dollars is eno Ugh for him.

④Fifty kilograms is not too Iong to be Carried

4. 不定代词anyone，anything，every one，everyth ing，some one，SOmeth ing，no one，nothing，each the other 等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句：

①IS an ybody going to tell him the n ews ?

②Some OneWantS to See you.

③An ybody Who _____ （ break / breaks） the rule Will be PUni shed.

5. 倒装句中的语法一致

①T WO PiCtUreS ____ On the Wall，WhiCh attract many people.

②On the wall ___ two pictures，WhiCh attract many people.

③Their teacher _____ among the StUde nts，who is in her thirties.

④Among the StUde nts ___ their teacher，who is in her thirties.

（二）就近原则

1、由连词or，either …or，neither …nor，not only 连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词和离

它最近的哪个名词或代词的人称和数一致。例句：

①.Either you or Jea n is to be Sent to NeW Zeala nd.

②.Not Only h is family but also he likes ChaPIin ' S movies.

③.Neither Tom nor the Brow ns enjoy their journey to Beiji ng OWing to the bad weather.

④.GeOrge or Tom is Wan ted.

2、注意：There be句型中be的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。例句：

①.There aren ' t any IetterS in the mail for you today.

② .There is a lamp, two PenSand three books On the desk.

③ .Here are some en velopes and PaPer for you.

3、名词后面带有 with, along with, together with, besides, except, but, like, including, as well as, rather than 短语 共同做主语时，谓语动词与这些短语前面的那个名词的数一致。例句：

① .All but One Were here just now.

② .A Iibrary With five thousa nd books is Offered to that n ati On as a gift.

③ .An expert, together With some assista nts, WaS Sent to help in this work.

④ .You as well as I are wrong.

(三) 意义一致

1. 代词none, neither, all 的不可数形式还是复数形式由它们指的内容决定例句：

(1) All hope has gone.

(2) All are agreed On this point.

(3) — IS there any milk in the fridge? — No, there is none.

(4) None has returned from the meeting.

The army is going to rema in in this tow n. The army have rescued the travelers.

HiS family ______ Very large. HiS family ______ music lovers.

The group ___ m ade UP of nine StUde nts. The group ____ dancing happily

注意：集合名词cattle, clothes, people, the police 表示复数意义，谓语动词永远复数。people 民族(可 数名

词，peoples)

3. 限定词短语all of …；none of …；a lot C 以及分数/百分数+of …修饰名词构成的名词短语做主语时， 谓语动词的形式由 of 后面的名词形式决定。例句：

(1) NOne of these SUggeStiOnS are Very helpful.

(2) I don ' t ithk any Of US WantS to work tomorrow.

(3 ) Two-fifths of the StUdents in the class are from ArabiC-SPeaking COUntries.

4、代词作主语

Neither dog _____ b ig. ( A. is B. are ) Neither of them _____ big. ( A. is B. are )

Neither rabbit _______ han dsome. ( A. is B. are )

Neither of the rabbits ________ han dsome.. ( A. is B. are )

(neither +单数名词 → 谓语动词用单数； none /neither of +可数名词 谓语动词用单数或复数；

none of+不可数名词 →谓语动词用单数)

1) .None of these people __ doctors. A. has B. have C. are D. WaS

2 ) Neither of them _ a good Sin ger. A. WaS B. is C. Were D. is USed to be

3 ) .Neither of US _____ (WaSZWere) ready Whe n the Party bega n.

4 ) . NOne of them _______ (hasZhave) WatChed the talk show.

5、 主语是单复数同形的名词 deer, sheep, fish 鱼,series 系列，SPeCieS 物种，means 手段，works 工厂，aircraft 飞行器，ect.时，视其表达的意义而判断谓语动词的单复数。

Eg: 1.) A new means has been USed .

2. ) ManymeanS have not come into effect.

6、 the + adj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如 the old, the you ng, the rich, the poor 等

the+ adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如 the beautiful, the good 等。如，

The old take n good Care of in OUr society.

The rich for the decisi On but the poor are aga inst it.

The WOUn ded a young boy.

The beautiful n ot always the Same as the good.

The new SUre to replace the old.

1. 主谓一致的考查主要体现在单项选择和短文改错两个题型中。 同学们在练习和应试时，遇到这样的题 时，要牢记主谓一致的三个基本原则。一定要根据句子内容抓住关键的主语部分。同时还要考虑句子的时

态和语态。

2. One of +复数名词做定语从句的先行词时，定语从句中的谓语动词与复数名词一致。 the OnlyOne of + 复数名词做定语从句的先行词时，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。

例句：

Jim WaS One of the boys who Were late for class.

Jim WaS the Only One of the boys who WaS late for class.

PraCtiCe makes PefeCt （孰能生巧；小试牛刀 ） Part 1）多项选择 2.集合名词 group, family, class, government, team, public, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, CreW 等名词

等作主语时，如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式

,如果看成其中各成员，则用复数形式 .例句 ?l∕ ?l∕ ?I7 ?l∕ ?I7

1 2 3 4 5 ∕l?

[例1] E-mail, as Well as telephOnes, ____ an important Part in daily CommuniCation.

A. is play ing

B. have PIayed

C. are play ing

D. play

[例2] Either John Or his friends ___ to blame for the bad results.

A. are

B. is

C. WaS

D. has bee n

[例3] The Conductor and composer _____ by a crowd of people.

A. are greeted

B. is greeted

C. greets

D. have bee n greeted

[例4] —The trousers ____ you well, madam.

—BUt the colour ____ me.

A. fit; don ' t sui

B. fits; doesn ' t SUIt fits; don ' t suitD. fit; doesn ' t SUit

[例5] The Smith ' S family, WhiCh _____ rather a large one, _____ Very fond of their old house.

A. were; Were

B. was; Were

C. were; WaS

D. was; WaS

[例6] He is the onIy One of the StUdents who ___ a Winner of scholarship for three years.

A. is

B. are

C. have bee n

D. has bee n

[例7] Three fifths of the police ____ in the school near the town.

A. has trained

B. have trained

C. has bee n trained

D. have bee n trained Part 2）单句改错

1. Mary is One of the girls who is always On time.

2. EVery girl and every boy have the right to join the club.

3. What CaUSed the accide nts rema in unknown.

4. The Sin ger and the dan Cer is to atte nd our party.

5. In terest, as well as prospects, are importa nt Whe n One looks for a job.

6. A nu mber of CarS is Parked in front of the park.

7. AnCientand moder n history is the SUbjeCtS We are StUdy ing.

8. Many a PerS On have read the no vel.

9. I, who is your friend, will try my best to help you.

10. The old is respected in OUr CoUn try.

11. An iron and steel works, With some satellite factories, are to be built here.

12. Whenand Where to hold the Party haven ' t been decided yet.

13. HiS family enjoys WatCh ing TV.

14. On the wall hangs many PiCtUreS by Picasso.

15. QUantities of money has been SPent on the project.

16. Now my PiCtUre and the PriZe is hanging in the library.

17. Sometimes, We talked to each other Very well in class, but after class We become Stra nger at once.

18. BUt not all information are good to society.

Part 3）模拟试题

1. —IS there an ybody in the CIaSSroom ? —No, the teacher, together With the StUde nts to the PIaygrO und.

A. go

B. Went

C. has gone

D. have gone

2. —Are these your SheeP ?—No. Mine ___ On grass at the foot of the hill.

A. are feed ing

B. feed

C. is fed

D. is feedi ng

3. Sitting at the back of the room but in front of some old men and women ____ a Very Shy girl With two

bright eyes.

A. WaS

B. are

C. Were

D. there WaS

4. Mr. Bush, together With his Wife and daughter ___ going to JaPa n n ext week.

A. are

B. is

C. will be

D. would be

5. Not the teacher but the StUde nts ____ excited.

A. is

B. has

C. are

D. have

6. AS I have a meeting at four, ten minutes ____ all that I Can SPare to talk With you.

语法专题：主谓一致

A. are

B. WaS

C. is

D. Were

7. ____ Of the Iand in that district _____ C oVered With trees and grass.

A. Two fifth; is

B. Two fifths; are

C. Two fifth; are

D. Two fifths; is