真题版2015年04月自学考试03350《社会研究方法》历年真题

真题版2015年04月自学考试03350《社会研究方法》历年真题
真题版2015年04月自学考试03350《社会研究方法》历年真题

全国2015年4月高等教育自学考试

社会研究方法试题

课程代码:03350

答案请百度搜索自考一点通论坛

一、单项选择题(本大题共 30小题,每小题1分,共30分)

1.在社会调查活动中,直接访问和观察的单个对象指的是【】

A.社会研究对象B.社会调查对象

C.分析单位D.社会研究内容

2.针对现实社会问题,旨在提出解决问题方案的经验研究是【】

A.理论性研究B.行学研究

C.历史学研究D.应用性研究

3.探索性研究的目的是【】

A.对社会现象的状况、过程和特征进行客观准确的描述

B.解释社会现象的原因和说明社会现象之间的关系

C.获得对所研究问题及调查对象的初步印象和感性认识,以便为此后更周密、更深入的研究提供基础和方向

D.检验己有的理论和提供新的理论解释

4.对同一时期、同一类型的研究对象随时间推移而发生的变化进行研究,是指【】

A.同组研究B.同期群研究

C.趋势研究D.同时研究

5.研究者深入到研究对象的生活或工作环境之中,通过与他们的密切接触来理解他们的语言和行为,并通过观察、深入访谈等方法获得第一乎的研究资料,这种研究方式是【】

A.文献研究B.调查研究

C.实地研究D.实验研究

6.选题可以较好地符合上级部门的意图,并且选题过程比较简单,适合于一些时效性较强的研究项目,具有这些优点的选题方式是【】

A.上级选题B.学术界选题

C.中报研究选题D.纯自主选题

7.在选题过程中,研究者要明确研究项目所包含的具体研究事项。此项工作属于【】

A.确定研究范围B.确定研究层次

C.确定研究内容D.确定研究对象

8.理论检验的第一步是【】

A.进行理论建构B.进行命题推演

C.发展研究假设D.进行经验检验

9.某种理论模型的表达方式可以较精确地反映各个变量之间的数量关系,有助干精确的定量分析.但往往只能包含少量的变量。这种理论模型的表达方式是【】

A.变量结构图示法B.坐标图式法

C.公式法D.线性图示法

10.在理论上明确界定的元素的集合体是【】

A.全体调查对象B.目标总体

C.全体样本D.研究总体

11,研究者在实际抽样(特别是概率抽样)时,经常是先找到一份近似涵盖所有总体元素的名单,然后抽取部分元素,这份名单被称为【】

A.抽样框B.抽样单元

C.样本名单D.次级总体

12.电视台记者在公园里向偶然遇到的人发放调查问卷进行调查,这种调查使用的抽样方法是【】A.系统抽样B.配额抽样

C.方便抽样D.分层抽样

13.在量化测量那个,根据属性强度的不同对人或事件进行顺序排列,是指【】

A.定类测量B.定序测量

C.定距测量D.定比测量

14.在建立指数的过程中,按一定标准选定指标后,要进一步考虑每个指标在指数构成中的分盆如何,这是【】

A.选取符合标准的指标B.处理指标测最中的缺失值

C.确定指标的类别D.对指标进行加权

15.测最工具能够测出其所要测最的特征的正确性程度,这是指测量的【】

A.操作化B.概念化

C.信度D.效度

16.关于提问技术,下列说法正确的是【】

A.提问应当力求明确B.提问可以一题多问

C.提问应当多使用专业术语D.尽量使用第三人称提问

17.下列属于临赴现场访谈前工作的是【】

A.拟定实施访谈的工作计划B.与访谈对象见面

C.向访谈对象介绍D.进行恰当的提问

18.对于每个被访者来说,访谈中提出的问题、提问的方式和顺序以及回答的格式和记录都相同.这种访谈方法属于【】

A.无结构式访谈法B.深度访谈法

C.小组访谈法D.结构式访谈法

19.关于访谈员的外观与举止,下列说法正确的是【】

A.神情应当严肃B.保持轻松友好

C.可以随意着装D.表现出万分激情

20.严格界定研究问题和观察的项目,依据一定的顺序,并采取标准化工具进行记录的观察,这属于【】A.无主题观察B.参与观察

C.结构式观察D.非结构式观察

21.人类学家在研究原始部落文化时,生活在部落中,与当地一同吃住,说当地的语言,参与他们的宗教仪式和各种日常活动.这种研究方法是【】

A.非参与观察B.实验室观察

C.参与观察D.间接观察

22.关于科学观察的特征,下列说法正确的是【】

A.观察之前不需要设定研究目的和假设B.观察过程应保持自己的价值判断

C.需要有系统的观察设计D.观察的过程和获得的资料难以重复查证

23.在我国,二手资料的来源相对较窄一些,其主要来源是【】

A.各级统计局公布的统计报告B.民意测验机构公布的社会调查结果

C.研究机构提供的二手资料D.政府统计部门收集和保存的原始资料

24.下列研究中.属于内容分析研究范例的是【】

A.多恩伯切等人的“消费品广告中的他人导向”研究

B.米尔斯莱姆的权威服从研究

C.齐默巴多的监狱行为研究

D.霍桑实验

25.我们从某县的县志上查出该县1980年的人口是30万,2010年的人口是100万,但我们不能据此得出结论:该县人口在这30年中增加了而二倍多,而应该查在这30年间该县的边界有无扩大或缩小,否则,无法进行比较.这是利用现存统计资料之前审核【】

A.资料来源B.调查目的

C.指标的分组标准问题D.指标统计总体范围的一致性

26.在整理资料时,研究者将年龄分为五个年龄段:20岁及以下:21-30岁:31-40岁:51岁及以下.这种分类违反了【】

A.条理性原则B.穷尽性原则

C.系统性原则D.互斥性原则

27.在统计分析时,资料中各数值与算术平均数相减之差的平方和的算术平均数的平方根是【】A.四分位差B.异众比率

C.算术平均数D.标准差

28.关于研究报告中的文献综述,下列说法止确的是【】

A.篇幅不宜过长

B.文献综述不宜对其他研究的观点和方法进行批评

C.学术性研究报告中一般没有文献综述

D.文献综述的好坏在于对己有文献的论述是否全而

29.根据内容所涉及的范围,可以将研究报告分为【】

A.普通研究报告和学术性研究报告

B.综合研究报告和专题性研究报告

C.描述性研究报告和解释性研究报告

D.定性研究报告和定量研究报告

30.一般而育,撰写研究报告的最后一个步骤是【】

A.拟定提纲B.撰写成文

C.确立主题D.统计分析

二、多项选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)

31.社会研究的目的包括【】

A.扩展己有的知识B.创造经济效益

C.探索未知的事物D.验证不确定的知识

E.发现自然规律

32.关于定量研究与定性研究的区别,下列表述正确的有【】

A.定量研究比定性研究更接近自然科学研究

B.定量研究本质上接近演绎过程,定性研究本质上是个归纳过程

C.定量研究比定性研究更强调研究程序的标准化、系统化和操作化

D.定量研究比定性研究更注重在自然的环境和条件下进行研究

E.定量研究比定性研究更注重在复杂的心理、文化、社会、生活环境中理解社会现象的意义33.研究设计的工作包括【】

A.确定研究的范围B.确定研究目的

C.确定分析单位D.确定研究层次

E.确定研究方式

34.关于概念、理论与命题,下列说法正确的有【】

A.概念可以形成一个完整的理论形态

B.命题可以构成一个理论

C.命题分为简单描述性命题和解释性命题

D.研究者应根据研究目的和理论层次来灵活地运用各种类型的理论命题

E.所有理论都必须用科学的理论命题来反映

35.通常来说,抽样的步骤一般包括【】

A.确定研究问题B.设计抽样方案

C.抽取样本D.评估样本

E.撰写抽样报告

36.关于实施问卷调查,下列说法正确的有【】

A.调查方式可分为问卷访谈调查和留置问卷调查两大类

B.面对面的访谈调查是常用的调查方法

C.无论采用哪种调查方式,都应该审核所收集的资料

D.集中填写问卷可以在较短时间里完成对多人的调查,是一种效率很高的方式

E.报刊调查常用于对抽样和推理要求较严格的社会研究项目

37.调查问卷中答案设计的要求有【】

A.答案与问题对应B.答案要完备

C.答案具有互斥性D.尽量使用高层次尺度的答案

E.答案设计要简洁明了

38.每次小组访谈后都应及时做的各项遗留工作包括【】

A.及时整理访谈记录B.做好被调查者之间的协调工作

C.进一步查证事实D.作必要的补充调查

E.把握访谈的主题

39.文献法的缺点有【】

A.文献内容无法控制B.资料间难以对比

C.文献内容会受到研究人员主观因素的影响D.编码困难,难以数量化

E.研究所需要的部分文献不易获得

40.学术性研究报告的导言包括的内容有【】

A.以工作报告的形式存在B.面对的主要是专业人员

C.在语言上要求比较客观、科学D.主要发表在面向大众的报纸和杂志上

E.在结构上要求更加严谨

三、简答题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分)

41.简述社会研究中遵守法律和社会规范原则的主要内容。

42.简述解释性研究中建立因果模型的方式。

43.简述建立指数时选取指标的标准。

44.一个完整的观察方案应包括哪些内容?

四、论述题(本大题共2小题,每小题n分,共22分)

45.斯温格尔(1973)在实验中建立的建设是:在没有他人在场时,人们对盗窃行为会便显出更多的正义感。实验者首先安排由实验人员扮演的盗贼和店员进入酒店,当酒店只有一个假店员和一名真顾客时,“盗贼”问“店员”;“你们店最贵的进口啤酒是什么品牌的?”“店员”会回答说是某某牌子的,然后说:“我去看看有多少。”同时离开房间。“店员”离开后,“盗贼”就拿起一瓶啤酒说:“他们绝不会发现丢了这箱啤酒的”,然后把酒装到汽车上便走了。

在全部48个案例中,只有20%的对象(顾客)在“店员”回来时主动报告“失窃”事件。如果顾客没有主动报告,“店员”就询问,刚才在店里的那个人做了什么?以教促回答,于是未报告顾客中的51%也会报告失窃。研究还发现,“盗贼”人数和“顾客”(受试者)的性别对是否报告没有多大影响,增加盗窃的数且(两箱或三箱啤酒)也不会增加报告率。但店中“顾客”人数却有相当的影响。单个顾客条件下有65%

的人报告失窃,多个顾客条件下只有65%的案例有人报告,就人数比例而言,后者要低很多。也就是说,多名顾客同时在场对报告失窃有抑制!研究者认为这是因为在其他顾客在场的情况下,受试者更倾向于采取“事不关己”的态度。

结合上述“啤酒偷窃案”实验,试述现场实验的特点。

46.论述双变量描述性统计分析中散点图的六种图形。

五、应用题(本题8分)

47.某大学有1000名教师,计划从中抽取一个100名教师的样本。请设计一个分层等距抽样的方案,并说明抽样的过程。

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