七选五解题全攻略

高考英语任务型阅读——七选五解题全攻略

Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.

任何值得做的事就值得把它做好！

The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.

对明天做好的准备就是今天做到最好！

T eaching aims: (教学目标)

●了解“七选五”的特点、掌握解这类题的技巧。

●利用“七选五”的特点及解题技巧解题。

自主探究与合作解疑：

五年高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ阅读补全题量统计表

考纲解读：

七选五阅读主要考查考生对文章整体内容，结构以及上下文逻辑的理解和掌握。

试题模式：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有7个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。

选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）

过渡性句子（文章结构）

设空类型:一般有标题类，段落主题句类，段尾总结类，过渡句类，细节类。

精讲点拨：解题技巧

一．细节类题型解题技巧

1.词汇复现法

复现是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的

位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要是指主要是指同词（同源词）复现、同（近）义词复现、反义词复现等。

实战演练：

1)（2010全国课标卷）…During my first meeting, I presented and then opened the floor to questions. 71 . My first reaction was to answer defensively. …

B. Restate（重述） the question with respect.

C. Some ideas can be quite concrete.

D. There were many difficult questions.

2)（2012辽宁卷）There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into

a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leaves us without a friend

71 . But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage….

D. Try not to find fault with your friends.

E. Making new friends comes easy for some people.

F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.

2.词汇同现法

词汇同现是指属于同一词汇搭配范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。

实战演练：词汇同现（同一词汇范畴）（2011课标全国卷）

Parents should help their children understand money. 71 so you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.

D. Talk yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.

E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.

3.代词线索法

英语表达中，代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是用来指代前面面提及的名词或句子。

实战演练:（2012全国课标卷）

Try taking these four steps. the next time you are stressed:

(1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to “trusted adult, such as “paren t or other relatives. 72 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.

D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.

E. You need to figure out what the problem is.

F. And don't forget about your friends.

___73___ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger,…

A. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.

B. He said that laughter is much healthier than anger.

C. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.

4.逻辑关系线索法

并列与递进关系：and, also, further, moreover, what’s more, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also, firstly, secondly, thirdly…. 等;

因果关系：so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result等；

转折与让步关系：however, nevertheless, fortunately, on the contrary, though, yet, otherwise, while, even if, despite, in spite of, rather than等。

实战演练：

1)（2012辽宁卷）The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. 75 Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.

B. Do things together.

C. Do not wait to be spoken to.

2) It is generally accepted that the best way to learn a language is to totally involve yourself in its culture by living in the country where it is spoken. ---------

A. But many find packing up and moving to another country is not a practical option.

B. Now, more and more companies are offering customers the chance to rent

movies online.

3) It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. 74 . The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.

E. Making new friends comes easy for some people.

F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.

G. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.

4)（2011辽宁卷）Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit—and that can be a very annoying thing. 71 Read on for some techniques worth trying

D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.

F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.

G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.

二．篇章结构类题解题技巧

根据空格所在位置确定不同的解题策略

1．如果空格在段首或为段落标题

通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他

相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。

2.如果空格在段尾

通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，

如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。

实战演练：1).空格为段落标题（2010课标全国卷）

● 73

When a person is asking a question, show interest and a desire to understand the question by

A. Show your true interest.

B. Restate the question with respect.

C. Some ideas can be quite concrete.

2) 空格在段尾（2011辽宁卷）

By the time I was 12, My grandmother thought I had done such a good job that she promoted me to selling cosmetics（化妆品）. I developed the ability to look customers directly in the eye. Even though I was just a kid, women would ask me such things as

“ What color do you think I should wear?” I took a real interest in their questions and was able to translate what they wanted into makeup（化妆）ideas. 74

C. I ended my selling a record amount of cosmetics.

D. Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers.

E. My grandma’s trust taught me how to handle responsibility.

Summary (总结):

1.七选五阅读理解题的解题技巧:

2. 解题步骤：

巩固训练：Passage1(2015北京,七选五)

根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

This Way to Dreamland

Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. 71They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.

But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.72Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?

So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?

First, understand that some opportunities(机会)for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.73And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.

It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.74

Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.75

Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.

A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.

B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.

C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relativity, Coke or Post-it notes.

D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.

E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.

F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.

G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.

Homework: Finish the following excercises.

练习一

Most of us lead a busy life. 71 We think, “If I reached my goal, then I would be happy”, or “If I could get a better job, then I would enjoy life.” But why not enjoy life right now?

Firstly, take time to notice and appreciate the beauty in your own surroundings. 72 “There is a great big world of wonder and beauty around us!” And as Brodersen explains. “Look for the beauty of the sunrise and of a friend’s smile that brightens your day. Open your eyes to see the beauty you might not normally see. Doing so helps to cheer you up.”

Secondly, taking time to experience some simple pleasures also can bring joy to your heart and ease your stress. Take me for example. 73 One universal simple pleasure is finding things that make you laugh. Make time to laugh every day.

Thirdly, don’t take your family and friends for granted. Rich, rewarding relationships add greatly to the enjoyment of life. When you think of someone, why not call, e-mail or write them? 74 As Wayne Lawton explains, “Invest time in relationships. Remove the attitude, what’s in it for me? Happiness is found in putting other’s interests, desires and concerns ahead of our own whenever possible. Selfishness is a dead-end street.” 75

A.I delight in simple things like my favorite tea drink, a bubble bath or family photos.

B.In my spare time, I enjoy collecting stamps and reading novels.

C.Driven by the “urgent”, we forget to enjoy life.

D.So please treasure relationship.

E.You don’t n eed to travel far to find beauty.

F.Be aware of beauty in nature.

G. A short e-mail or phone call can make a world of difference to someone.

练习二

71 Maybe you thought that they were just happy. After all, you probably sing or whistle when you are happy.

Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy.

However, they sing most of the time for a very different reason.

72

Do you know what a “territory” is? A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims as its own. 73 .No other families of the same species are welcome .Your yard and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome. If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you, you might shout. Probably this would be enough to frighten him away.

If so, you have actually scared the stranger away without having to fight him .A bird does the same thing. But he expects an outsider almost any time , especially at nesting （筑巢）season. So he is screaming all the time, whether he can see an outsider or not. 74 Birds sing loudest in the spring when they are trying to attract a mate and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs. You can see that birds have a language all their own. 75

A. Only he and his family are welcome there.

B.Most of it has to do with attracting mates and setting up territories.

C.Have you ever heard birds sing?

D.Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory.

E.Have you ever wondered why birds sing?

F.Most of the language is widely used.

G. This screaming is what we call a bird's song, and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away.

练习三

When I was a little girl, my mom would say, “Half the fun of doing anything is sharing it with others.” 71 Friends and mates allow us to enjoy our successes and our joys, comfort us in our hard moments, and provide a mirror for us to learn more about o urselves. I’ve always looked at friends as the family we choose. They enrich our lives. As Robert Louis Steven once said, “ 72 ”

To be a good friend or partner, it’s important to be a good listener. Hear what your friend or mate has to say first rather than jump to conclusions or get defensive. 73 When they hear their words repeated back to them, it can help them to realize what they said was not exactly what they meant to say.

74 You know the old golden rule, “Care for others the way you would like them to care for you.” The support of a friend during a tough time could make the difference between success and failure. Encouragement and confidence are the gifts that can help change a person’s life.

Take care, though, with whom you choose to have close relationship, for they can have a great effect on yourself – respect and life path. As someone once told me “ 75 They will either take you up or down.”

A．I am afraid so.

B．It is quite true.

C．Friendship is the most important factor. D．Sometimes it is useful to be their mirror.

E．A friend is a present which you give yourself.

F．The attitudes of your friends are like the buttons on a lift.

G．Patience, sympathy and understanding are also important qualities.