2013年12月最新英语四级模拟题五套

Part I Writing.(30 minutes)

1、

Jobs College Graduates Want to Do

A．She copied another course guide. B．She decided to skip class.

C．She went to the library instead.

D．She shared a friend's course guide.

2、

A．He forgot his office number.

B．He went to the language laboratory. C．He doesn't want to work.

D．He needs to think about it.

3、

A．Start writing at once.

B．Ask for his fi'iend's suggestions. C．Come up with another idea.

D．Get the professor's approval.

4、

A．He has been on vacation the whole month. B．He finds the work as hard as ever.

C．He has benefited from the woman's help. D．He's thinking of working for the woman.

5、

A．She will watch the movie later. B．Her watch is broken.

C．Her television set isn't working. D．She will watch TV while she eats.

6、

A．She has done half of it already. B．She agrees that it is very long. C．They have all semester to do it. D．There's nothing wrong with it.

7、

A．The man couldn't attend the festival.

B．The man would pick her up earlier. C．The festival would be celebrated for seven days.

D．There would be thirty people attending the festival.

8、

A．He thinks children can be satisfied easily. B．He thinks the publishers shouldn't produce so many junk books.

C．He thinks we are short of good children's books.

D．He thinks children have no taste at all.

9、Conversation One．

听材料，回答下列问题：

A．She was invited only for the weekend. B．The weather was too hot.

C．She had an appointment.

D．She had schoolwork to do.

10、

A．She had to go home.

B．She was too tired to continue.

C．She had to finish her schoolwork. D．She was thirsty.

11、

A．The water was too cold.

B．The water was too deep.

C．She doesn't know how to swim.

D．She didn't have enough time.

12、Conversation Two．

听材料，回答下列各题：

A．Whether or not snowflakes can be analyzed. B．How snowflakes are formed.

C．What causes a snowstorm.

D．Where the largest snowflakes can be found.

13、

A．She has never seen snow before. B．She is conducting a research on snow. C．She wants to make artificial snow. D．She has just read about snowflakes.

14、

A．The shape of the dust particles in the air. B．The relative humidity.

C．The temperature of the air.

D．The geography of the area.

15、

A．Inspect snowflakes more carefully. B．Make a copy of the article.

C．Write down more information.

D．Draw diagrams of the different shapes. 16、Passage One．

听材料，回答下列各题：

A．To explain a new requirement for graduation.

B．To interest students in a community service project.

C．To discuss the problems of elementary school students.

D．To recruit elementary school teachers for a special program.

17、

A．He advises students participating in a special program.

B．He teaches part-time in an elementary school.

C．He observes elementary school students in the classroom.

D．He helps students prepare their resumes.

18、

A．Contact the elementary school.

B．Sign up for a special class.

C．Submit a resume to the dean.

D．Talk to Professor Howard.

19、Passage Two．

听材料，回答下列各题：

A．The use of oversized freight containers. B．Safety problems with railroad tracks. C．The growth of the automotive industry. D．The high cost of meeting environmental

regulations.

20、

A．To make the railway operation safer. B．To offer passengers more comfortable journeys.

C．To meet the demand of shipping larger loads.

D．To connect the railway network with the highways.

21、

A．It contributes less to air pollution than truck industry.

B．Its competitors are inconsiderate of customers.

C．It preserves a traditional way of doing business.

D．It creates personal fortunes for investors.

22、Passage Three．

听材料，回答下列各题：

A．They took objective tests.

B．They specialized in one subject. C．They spoke instead of writing.

D．They were timed by electric clocks. 23、

A．Modem industry must have developed before the Middle Ages.

B．Modem industry must have developed around the 19th century.

C．Modem industry must have developed in Greece or Rome.

D．Modern industry must have developed machines to take tests.

24、

A．Objective tests.

B．Spoken tests.

C．Personal tests.

D．Subjective tests.

25、

A．The features of the exams in the Middle Ages.

B．How to perform well in both spoken and written exams,

C．How did the forms of exams evolve. D．The different exams designed for people of different ages.

The northern Italian city of Milan banned all traffic from its streets for 10 hours on Sunday in an attempt to reduce smog.

The measure which was first _________26 on a trial basis in the year 2007 is triggered whenever pollution exceeds the statutory limit for 12 consecutive days.

Satellite _________27 shows Milan to be one of the most polluted cities in Europe. An _________ 28 120,000 vehicles will be affected by the move. according to the major daily newspaper in the city.

The most polluting vehicles have been banned fi'om driving through, the city center since Thursday. But on Sunday, there __________29 be no traffic between 8:00 and 18:00.

The ban is imposed when pollution exceeds 5030 of particulates per cubic meter of air over 12 days.The last time the full ban was in force was in February.

The move is not popular with all__________31 who argue that the city's public transport system should beimproved to _________32 their cars. Local Green Party councilor Enrico Fedrighini said cars with three or four people inside should be offered 33_________ , for example. "One or two car-free Sundays each month will not do anythingto 34 _________ the smog crisis," he told the daily newspaper in the city.

Public transport was to be bolstered during the day, with an extra metro trains and buses 35_________

Section A

Questions36-46 are based on the following passage.

One in five US workers regularly attends after-work drinks with co-workers, where the most common 36_________range from bad-mouthing (说……的坏话．another worker to kissing a colleague and drinking too much,according to a study 37 on Tuesday.

Most workers attend so-called happy hours to 38_________ with colleagues, although 15 percent go to hear thelatest office gossip and 13 percent go because they feel obligated, said the survey conducted for CareerBuilder. com,an online job site.

As to what happens when the after-work drinks flow,16 percent reported bad-mouthing a colleague,10percent shared a secret about a colleague,8 percent kissed a colleague and 8 percent said they drank too much andacted 39_________ .5 percent said they had shared a secret about the company, and 4 percent 40________ to singing karaoke.While 21 percent of those who attend say happy hours are good for 41_________,85 percent said attending had nothelped them get 42_________ to someone higher up or get a better position.

An equal number of men and women said they attend happy hours with co-workers, with younger workers aged 25 to 34 most likely and workers over 55 least 43_________to attend.

Overall,21 percent of workers attend happy hours with co-workers and, of those,44_________a quarter go at least once a month.

The survey was 45 _________online by Harris Interactive on behalf of CareerBuilder. com among 6,987 full-time employees.

A．bond B．acknowledged C．nearly D．specially E．anywhere F．mishaps G．obligated H．likely I．conducted J．idly K．unprofessionally L．networking M．released N．confessed O．researched

Section B

46、A)Last July, Julie Baldocchi's mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had tobecome a family caregiver, something that she wasn't prepared for. "I was flying by the seat of my pants," saysBaldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her fathercouldn't handle her mother's care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing home. Baldocchiwasn't willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents' home created other problems. Baldocchi,48, ismarried and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems thatmake it difficult for her to lift her mother. "I couldn't do it all," she says. "But I didn't even know how to findhelp."

B)

With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. "But even if you planintellectually and legally, you're never ready for the emotional impact," Baldocchi says. In the first two monthsafter her mother's stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted.

More than 42 million Americans providefamily caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a 2009 survey by the AARP.An additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared.

C)

While many parents lack an advance care directive, it's the most basic and important step they can take. Thedirective includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority tomake financial decisions on another's behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney,except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlinesinstructions for end-of-life care. (For example, parents can say if they want to be kept alive by artificialmeasures.) "It's invaluable for the kids, because it's hard to make those decisions for a parent," says JenniferCona, an elder-law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser & Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive isthe first line of defense if a situation arises, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family CaregiverAlliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have topetition the court to be appointed the parent's legal guardian, says https://www.360docs.net/doc/7114569026.html,.

D)

It's important for families to talk about long-term care so the adult children know their parents' preferences,wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But ifs not an easy conversation. Elderlyparents are sometimes suspicious of their children's financial motives, says Susan John, a financial planner atFinancial Focus in Wolfeboro, N.H. One client asked John to hold a family meeting because they needed anintermediary to talk about financial issues, she says. And when there are many siblings, the family decisionscan become a three-ring circus with much acrimony, says Ann-Margaret Carrozza, an elder-law attomey inGlen Cove, N.Y. Families who need information and help sorting out disagreements can call on elder-lawattorneys, financial planners, geriatric care managers and caregiver support groups. In February, AARP said itwill offer its members a new caregiving support service through financial services firm Oenworth.

E)

Many families are unprepared for quick decisions, especially when they find out that Medicare doesn't pay forlong-term care, Feinberg says. The median cost of a year in a private room at a nursing home in 2011 was$77,745, according to Genworth. And only those who have spent most of their assets can qualify for Medicaidto pay for the nursing home.

F)

Assisted living is another option. Residents can have their own apartment to maintain some independence. Butthe facilities generally provide personal care services, such as meals, housekeeping and assistance withactivities. Still, it's not cheap: The national median cost in 2011 was $39,135, according to Genworth. Assistedliving isn't covered by Medicaid.

G)

If they have a choice, at least 90% of elderly parents prefer to stay at home as long as they can, according toAARP research. But if the parents can no longer safely live at home, it can be hard for children to move theminto an adult care facility. There may be another option. Sometimes the home can be modified so a parent canstay there. For example, Baldoechi put in a chair lift for her mother. She also arranged for a home caregiver.

H) Family caregivers take over many responsibilities. One might manage a parent's finances, while anothersibling will take the parent to doctors' appointments and shopping. Those who move in with a parent take on asignificant and sustained burden of care. Jan Walker moved into her mother's home in Leesburg, Fla. After hermother, who is 83, had fallen, she wasn't able to get around as well. Walker,55, has three brothers. But she isthe only daughter, is divorced and has no children. "I always knew that this was the role that I would have, andI guess my mind was prepared for it," says Walker, who now is a full-time caregiver and works from home asa tutorial instructor for a digital scrapbooking website. "When you get into the trenches, it's literally baptismby fire," she says. "New things come up. It's not just about advance planning for finances or medical care. It'severything," she says.

I) Carcgivers need to also watch their own health. "There is such a thing as caregiver burnout," Cona says.Among female caregivers 50 and older,20% reported symptoms of depression, according to a 2010 study onworking caregivers by MetLife. "It's a hard job," Walker says. "But most worthwhile things are hard. She wasalways there for me when I needed a helping hand. It's only natural that I be here for her now."

根据以上内容，回答46-56题。

When elderly parents cannot live at home safely, their children can change their home instead of sending them to an adult care facility.

47、To talk about long-term care is not easy because sometimes aged parents are suspicious of their children's financial motives.

48、Besides advance planning for finances or medical care, family caregivers take over many other responsibilities.

49、The difference between a durable power of attorney and a health care proxy is that the latter allows someone tomake decisions regarding medical treatment.

50、Baldocehi did not want to send her mother to a nursing home, but she had difficulty taking care of her.

51、Over 42 million caregivers helped an adult with everyday activities in the USA in 2009.

52、If a family needs information or help to sort out disagreements, there are many people they can call on.

53、Caregivers should pay attention to their own health, or they may bum out or.become depressed.

54、One will have to petition the court to be the parent's legal guardian, if there is no advance directive.

55、The national median cost of assisted living in 2011 was $39,135 and it is not covered by Medicaid

Section C

56、Questions 56-61are based onthe following passage.

Educators today are more and more oftenheard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary forcollegestudents. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have permanentaccess to his or her ownmicrocomputer. What advantages do computers offer thecollege students?

Any student who has used a word processorwill know one compelling reason to use a computer: to writepapers. Although notall students feel comfortable composing on a word

processor, most ,findrevising and editingmuch easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just bypressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite orre-type.Furthermore, since the revision process is less burdensome, students are morelikely to revise as often as isnecessary to end up with the best paperpossible. For these reasons, many freshman English cottrses require the useof aword processor.

Computers are also useful in the contextof language courses, where they are used to drill students in basicskills.Software programs reinforce ESL(English as a Second Language ．instruction, aswell as instrnction in French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By usingthese programs on a regular basis, students can improvetheir proficiency in alanguage while proceeding at their own pace.

Science students take advantage ofcomputers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, forexample, botanystudents can represent and analyze different plant growth patterns. Medicalstudents can learn tointerpret computerized images of internal body structures.Physics students can complete complex calculations farmore quickly than theycould without the use of computer.

Similarly, business and accountingstudents find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but indispensabletomany aspects of their work, while students pursuing careers in graphic arts,marketing, and public relations find thatknowledge of computer graphic isimportant Education majors learn to develop grading systems usingcomputers,while social science students use computers for analyzing andgraphically displacing their research results.

It is no wonder, then, that educatorssupport the purchase and use of microcomputers by students. A Versatile tool, the computer can help students learn.And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.

The word"literacy" (Line 1,Paragraph 1) means _________.

A．the ability to read andwrite

B．the ability to use

C．literature

D．the knowledge of language

57、The main purpose of thispassage is to _________.

A．persuade the educators toincrease computer use in their own classroom

B．analyze advantages anddisadvantages of computer use among college students

C．identify some of the waysthat computers benefit college students

D．describe how computers canbe used to teach foreign languages

58、According to the author, aword processor can be used to_________.

A．revise papers

B．retype papers

C．reduce the psychologicalburden of writing papers

D．improve the writing skillsof a student

59、In this passage, thewriter's argument is developed primarily through the use of_________. A．cause-effect analysis

B．comparison andcontrast

C．induction

D．examples

60、According to the author,the reason for students to go to college is _________.

A．to learn something

B．to perfect themselves

C．to improve computerskills

D．to make the best use ofcomputers

61、Questions{TSE}are based on the followingpassage.

Language is, and should be, a livingthing, constantly enriched with new words and forms of expression. Butthere isa vital distinction between good developments, which add to the language,enabling us to say things wecould not say before, and bad developments, whichsubtract from the language by rendering it less precise. Avivacious, colorfuluse of words is not to be confused with mere slovenliness. The kind ofslovenliness in whichsome professionals deliberately indulge is perhaps akin tothe cult ( 迷信．of theunfinished work, which haseroded most of the arts in our time. And the trueanswer to it is the same that art is enhanced, not hindered, bydiscipline. Youcannot carve satisfactorily in butter.

The corruption of written English hasbeen accompanied by an even sharper decline in the standard of spoken

English. We speak very much less well than wascommon among educated Englishmen a generation or two ago.

The modem theatre has played a baneful (有害的) part in dimming our appreciation oflanguage. Instead ofthe immensely articulate dialogue of, for example, Shaw(who was also very insistent on good pronunciation．,audiences are now subjectedto streams of barely literate trivia, often designed, only too well, toexhibit'laek ofcommunication', and larded (夹杂．with theobscenities (下流的话．and grammatical errors of theintellectually impoverished. Emily Post once advised her readers: "Thetheatre is the best possible place to hear correctly-enunciated speech. "Alas, no more. One young actress was recently reported to be taking lessons inhow to speakbadly, so that she should fit in better.

But the BBC is the worst traitor. Aideryears of very successfully helping to raise the general standard ofspokenEnglish, it suddenly went into reverse. As the head of the Pronunciation Unitcoyly (含蓄地．put it, "In the1960s the BBC opened thefield to a much wider range of speakers." To hear a BBC disc jockeytalking to thelatest ape-like pop idol is a truly shocking experience of verbalsqualor. And the prospect seems to be of evenworse to come. School teachers areactively encouraged to ignore little Johnny's incoherent grammar,atrociousspelling and haphazard punctuation, because worrying about such thingsmight inhibit his creative genius.

The writer relateslinguistic slovenliness to tendencies in the arts today in that they both_________ A．occasionally aim at acertain fluidity

B．appear to shunperfection

C．from time to time showregard for the finishing touch

D．make use of economical shortcuts

62、"Art is enhanced, nothindered, by discipline" (Lines 6-7, Paragraph 1 ）means_________ A．an artist's work will befiner if he observes certain aesthetic standards

B．an unfinished work is boundto be comparatively inferior

C．the skill of certain artistsconceals their slovenliness

D．artistic expression isinhibited by too many rules

63、Many modem plays, theauthor finds, frequently contain speech which _________

A．is incoherent andlinguistically objectionable

B．is far too ungrammatical formost people to follow

C．unintentionally shocks theaudience

D．tries to hide the author'sintellectual inadequacies

64、The author says that thestandard of the spoken English of BBC _________

A．is the worst among allbroadcasting networks

B．has taken a turn for theworse since the 1960s

C．has raised English-speakingup to a new level

D．is terrible because of a fewpopular disc jockeys

65、Teachers are likely tooverlook the linguistic lapses in their pupils since_________

A．they find that children nolonger respond to this kind of discipline nowadays

B．they fear the children maybecome less coherent

C．more importance is nowattached to oral expression

D．the children may bediscouraged from expressing their ideas

Part IV Translation.(30minutes)

66、中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节(theDragonBoatFestival)是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节(T11e Mid．auttunn Festival)的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国的农历新年(the Chinese lunar New Year's holiday)，除了常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的也方习俗烹制传统食物，如饺子和年糕

Part I Writing.(30 minutes)

1、Honesty Should Be Treasured 1、

A .He hasn't eaten well recently.

B．He's been helping his sister a lot. C．He can't stop searching for work yet. D．He's been working on his paper constantly.

2、

A．The meals served at school taste bad. B．The price of school meals will be higher. C．The prize will be awarded next term. D．The school meals have been sold out.

3、

A．Buy a newspaper.

B．Ask for directions.

C．Stand near the store.

D．Help others more often.

4、

A．Borrowed some books from the woman. B．Given the woman a book bag. C．Lent the woman some books. D．Gone away for the weekend.

5、

A．The woman is a close friend of the man. B．The woman has been working too hard. C．The woman is seeing a doctor.

D．The woman is tired of her work.

6、

A．There is enough spare time to fix the projector.

B．There is another projector the man can use. C．The presentation can be given in another room.

D．She is going out to order a spare projector.

7、

A．The man wants to review the woman's outline first.

B．The man has expected to receive the report earlier.

C．The woman needs to review the report again.

D．The woman has completed more work than the man.

8、

A．He doesn't like to travel in heavy rain. B．He wonders whether the thunderstorm will eanse damage.

C．He won't be able to watch the weather report.

D．He will get home before the storm begins.

9、Conversation One．

听材料，回答下列问题：

A．The college doesn't have any rock-climbing equipment.

B．Not many students are interested in it. C．There is no one to teach them how to do it. D．There are no appropriate places for rock-climbing nearby.

10、

A．Climbers develop skills useful in other activities.

B．Climbers have the opportunity to be

outside and enjoy the scenery.

C．Climbing isn't as expensive as other sports.

D．Learning to climb doesn't take a very long time

11、

A．Finding a climbing partner.

B．Increasing upper-body strength.

C．Selecting the appropriate equipment.

D．Discussing popular climbing sites.

12、Conversation Two．

听材料，回答下列各题：

A．He can't find his office key.

B．He is unable to talk.

C．He has misplaced some exams.

D．He doesn't like his classroom.

13、

A．Mark the latest homework

assignment.

B．Make an appointment with the doctor.

C．Put a cancellation notice on the

classroom door.

D．Return exam papers to his students.

14、

A．Teach Don's class while he's absent.

B．Give Professor Webster the key to

Don's office.

C．Leave a message on the board in

Don's classroom.

D．Bring Don the homework that was

due that day.

15、

A．To give Don's students the next

assignment.

B．To leave the master key for Don

C．To put the homework on Don's desk.

D．To call Don at the end of the

afternoon.

16、Passage One．

听材料，回答下列各题：

A．The replacement of the harpsichord

by the piano. B．The development of electronic musical instruments.

C．The relative costs of different types of musical instruments.

D．The performance of classical music on synthesizers.

17、

A．He is surprised by it.

B．He thinks it is too soon to tell. C．He disagrees with it.

D．He is alarmed by it.

18、

A．In the early nineteenth century. B．In the early twentieth century. C．In the late nineteenth century. D．In the mid-twentieth century.

19、Passage Two．

听材料，回答下列各题：A．Because it was too heavy. B．Because it did not bend easily. C．Because its string was short. D．Because it did not shoot far.

20、

A．It went out of use 300 years ago. B．It was invented after the short bow. C．It was discovered before fire and the wheel.

D．It is still in use today.

21、

A．They are accurate and easy to pull. B．Their shooting range is 40 yards. C．They are usually used indoors. D．It took 100 years to develop them.

22、Passage Three．

听材料，回答下列各题：

A．A recipe for a soft drink.

B．The medicinal effects of cola. C．The history of cola.

D．Soil-drink production.

23、

A．As a soft drink.

B．As a medicine.

C．As flavored hard candy. D．As a cooking oil.

24、

A．He sold cola to doctors. B．He was a drug store clerk. C．He suffered from severe headaches. D．He developed the cola syrup.

25、

A．By mixing it with special oils. B．By heating it.

C．By adding soda water.

D．By combining it with different flavors.

听力填空题

26、A survey showed that American women aremore concerned about losing weight than they are about 26_________cancer, heart disease or diabetes.

More than half of the 3,000 womenquestioned in the 27_________ by Meredith Corporation and NBC Universalwereworded about diet and weight,28 _________ 23 percent who were concerned aboutcancer and 20 percent whowere 29_________ about theircardiovascular health.

The women were asked to 30_________ the health issues they were concerned about from a list of 20 problems.

The survey showed many women thought theyshould be 31_________, with more than80 percent saying they were overweight.

But just 43 percent said they wereexercising at least three times a week, and I 1 percent played team and individual sports. And lessthan two-thirds of all women said they get an annual physical.

"These findings should be a wake-upcall to American women everywhere to make their yearly 32_________ without fail and make their ownpersonal health a top 33_________," said Diane Salvatore, editor in chief ofLadies' HomeJournal, which is published by Meredith Corp.

While the majority of women said theywere overweight,68 percent said they were 34 _________ their identity and development as anindividual.

But 40 percent said it was wrong for aman to tell a woman she was overweight.

To improve their health,26 percent ofwomen said they took natural herbs and 35_________, while 25 percent bought or adopted a pet, accordingto the survey.

Four percent visited a spiritual orreligious leader and one percent went to a hypnotist.

Section A

36、Questions 36-46 are based onthe following passage.

If it were only necessary to decidewhether to teach elementary science to everyone on a mass basis or to findind thegifted few and take them as far as they can go, our task would be fairlysimple. The public school 36_________ ,however, has no suchchoice, for the job must be 37_________ on at the same time.Because we depend so 38_________ uponscience and technology for our progress,we must produce 39_________ in many fields. Because wc live in ademocraticnation, whose citizens make the policies for the nation, largenumbers of us must be educated to understand, tosupport, and when necessary,to 40_________ the work of

experts. The public school musteducate both producars andusers of scientific services.

In education, there should be a goodbalance among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effectivethinkingand wise judgment. Such balance is 41_________ by too much emphasison any one field. This question ofbalance involves not only the relation of thenatural sciences, the social sciences, and the arts but also relative 42_________ "among the natural sciencestbemselves.

Similarly, wc must have a balance betweencurrent and 43_________ knowledge. The attention of the public is 44_________drawn to new possibilities inscientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge; these should not beallowed toturn our attention away from the sound,45_________ materials thatform the basis of courses for beginners.

A．awarded B ．heavily C．classical D．display E．established F．system G．involved H．defeated I．continually J．specially K．emphases L．establishment M．specialists N．carded O．judge

Section B

Beauty and Body Image in theMedia

A．Images of female bodies are everywhere. Women—and their bodyparts--sell everything from food to cars.Popular film and television actressesare becoming younger, taller and thinner. Some have even been known tofaint onthe set from lack of food.

Women's magazines are full &articles urging thatif they can just lose thoselast twentypounds, they'll have it all—the perfect marriage, loving children, great sex,and a rewarding career

B．Why arc standards of beauty being imposed on women, the majorityofwhom are naturally larger and moremature than any of the models? The roots,some analysts say, are economic. By presenting an ideal difficult toachieve andmaintain, the cosmetic and diet product industries arc assured of growth andprofits. And it's noaccident that youth is increasingly promoted, along withthinness, as an essential criterion of beauty. If not allwomen need to loseweight, for sure they're all aging, says the Quebec Action Network for Women'sHealth inits 2001 report. And, according to the industry, age is a disasterthat needs to be dealt with.

C．The stakes are huge. On the one hand, women who are insecure about their bodies arc more likely tobuybeauty products, new clothes, and diet aids. It is estimated that the dietindustry alone is worth anywherebetween 40 to 100 billion (U.S.．a year selling temporary weight loss (90% to 95% of dieters regainthe lostweight．. On the other hand, research indicatesthat exposure to images of thin, young, air-brushed femalebodies is linked todepression, loss of self-esteem and the development of unhealthy eating habitsin womenand girls.

D．The American research group Anorexia Nervosa & Related EatingDisorders, Inc.

says that one out of everyfour college-aged women usesunhealthy methods of weight control--including fasting, skippingmeals,excessive exercise, laxative (泻药．abuse,

andself-induced vomiting. The pressure to be thin is also affectingyoung girls:the Canadian Women's Health Network warns that weight control measures are nowbeing takenby girls as young as 5 and 6. American statistics are similar.Several studies, such as one conducted by MarikaTiggemann and Levina Clark in2006 titled "Appearance Culture in 9- to 12-Year-Old Girls: Media andPeerInfluences on Body Dissatisfaction," indicate that nearly half of allpreadolescent girls wish to be thinner, andas a result have engaged in a dietor are aware of the concept of dieting. In 2003, Teen magazine reported that35percent of girls 6 to 12 years old have been on at least one diet, and that 50to 70 percent of normal weightgirls believe they are overweight. Overallresearch indicates that 90% of women are dissatisfied with theirappearance insome way. Media activist Jean Kilbourne concludes that, "Women are sold tothe diet industryby the magazines we read and the television programs we watch,almost all of which make us feel anxiousabout our weight."

E．Perhaps the most disturbing is the fact that media images of femalebeauty are unattainable for all but a verysmall number of women. Researchersgenerating a computer model of a woman with Barbie-doll proportions,forexample, found that her back would be too weak to support the weight of herupper body, and her bodywould be too narrow to contain more than halfa liverand a few centimeters of bowel. A real woman built thatway would suffer fromchronic diarrhea ( 慢性腹泻．and eventually die frommalnutrition. Jill Barad,President of Mattel (which manufactures Barbie．, estimated that 99% of girls aged 3 to 10 years old own atleast oneBarbie doll. Still, the number of real life women and girls who seek asimilarly underweight body isepidemic, and they can suffer equally devastatinghealth consequences. In 2006 it was estimated that up to450,000 Canadian womenwere affected by an eating disorder.

F．Researchers report thatwomen's magazines have ten and one-half times more ads and articlespromotingweight loss than men's magazines do, and over three-quarters of thecovers of women's magazines include atleast one message about how to change awoman's bodily appearance--by diet, exercise or cosmetic surgery.Television andmovies reinforce the importance of a thin body as a measure of a woman's worth.Canadianresearcher Gregory Fouts reports that over three-quarters of the femalecharacters in TV situation comedies areunderweight, and only one in twenty areabove average in size. Heavier actresses tend to receive negativecomments frommale characters about their bodies ("How about wearing a sack?" ．, and 80 percent of thesenegative comments are followed by cannedaudience laughter.

G．There have been efforts in the magazine industry to buck (抵制，反抗．the trend. For several years the Quebecmagazine Coup de Pouce hasconsistently included full-sized women in their fashion pages and Chatelainehaspledged not to touch up photos and not to include models less than 25 yearsof age. In Madrid, one of theworld's biggest fashion capitals, ultra-thinmodels were banned from the runway in 2006. Furthermore Spainhas recentlyundergone a project with the aim to standardize clothing sizes through using aunique process inwhich a laser beam is used to measure real life women's bodiesin order to find the most tree to lifemeasurement.

H．Another issue is the representation of ethnically diverse women inthe media. A 2008 study conducted byJuanita Covert and Travis Dixon titled"A Changing View: Representation and Effects of the Portrayal ofWomen ofColor in Mainstream Women's

Magazines" found that although there was anincrease in therepresentation of women of c01our, overall white women wereoverrepresented in mainstream women'smagazines from 1999 to 2004.

I．The barrage of messagesabout thinness, dieting and beauty tells "ordinary" women that theyare always inneed of adjustment--and that the female body is an object to beperfected. Jean Kilboume argues that theoverwhelming presence of media imagesof painfully thin women means that real women's bodies have become invisible in the mass media。The real tragedy, Kilbourne concludes, is that many womeninternalizethese stereotypes, and judge themselves by the beauty industry'sstandards. Women learn to comparethemselves to other women, and to compete withthem for male attention: This focus on beauty and desirability"effectivelydestroys any awareness and action that might help to change that climate."

根据以上内容，回答46-56题.

46、A report in Teen magazineshowed that 50% to 70% girls with normal weight think that they need to lose weight.

47、On the whole, for 6 yearswhite women had been occupying much more space in mainstream women's magazines since 1999.

48、Some negative effects suchas depression and unhealthy eating habits in females are related to their being exposed to images of thin and young femalebodies.

49、The mass media has helpedboost the cosmetic and the diet industries.

50、It is reported that thereis at least one message about the methods for women to change their bodilyappearance on more than three-quarters of the coversof women's magazines.

51、Some film and televisionactresses even faint on the scene due to eating too little.

52、Too much concern withappearance makes it impossible to change such abnormal trend.

53、Researchers found that areal woman with Barbie-doll proportions would eventually die from malnutrition.

54、The Quebec magazine Coup dePouce resists the trend by consistently including full-sized women in their fashion pages for several years.

55、According to some analysts,the fundamental reason of imposing standards of beauty on women is economic

Section C

56、Questions 56-61are based onthe following passage.

Is it possible to persuade mankind to livewithout war? War is an ancient institution which has existed for atleast sixthousand years. It was always bad and usually foolish, but in the past thehuman race managed to live withit. Modern ingenuity (创造力．has changed this. Either Man will abolishwar, or war will abolish Man. For thepresent, it is nuclear weapons that causethe most serious danger, but bacteriological or chemical weapons, maybeforelong, offer an even greater threat. If we succeed in abolishing nuclearweapons, our work will not be done. Itwill never be done until we havesucceeded in abolishing war. To do this, we need to persuade mankind tolookupon international questions in a new way, not as contests of forec, inwhich the victory goes to the side which ismost skillful in killing people, butby arbitration (调解．in accordance with agreedprinciples of law. It is not easyto change very old mental habits, but this iswhat must be attempted.

There are those who say that the adoptionoft_his or that ideology would prevent war. I believe this to be a bigerror.All ideologies are based on dogmatic ( 教条式的．statements which are, at best, doubtful, and at worst,totallyfalse. Their adherents believe in them fanatically (狂热地．that they are willing to go to war in support ofthem.

Themovement of world opinion during the past few years has been very largely suchas we can welcome. Ithas become a commonplace ( 老生长谈．that nuclear war must be avoided. Of course very difficultproblemsremain in the world, but the spirit in which they are being approachedis a better one than it was some years ago. Ithas begun to be thought, even bythe powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die, that negotiations should reach agreements even if both sides donot find these agreements wholly satisfactory. It has begun to beunderstoodthat the important conflict nowadays is not between different countries, butbetween Man and the atombomb.

This passage implies thatwar now is _________

A．worse than in the past

B．as badas in the past

C．not so dangerous as in the past

D．as necessary as in the past

57、In the sentence "To dothis, we need to persuade mankind... "（Line 6, Para.1 ）, "this" refers to _________

A．solving international problems

B．improving weapons

C．abolishing war

D．living a peaceful life

58、From Paragraph 2 we learnthat the author of the passage

A．is a supporter of some modem ideologies

B．does not think that the adoption of any ideology could prevent war

C．believes that the adoption of some ideologies could prevent war

D．has no doubt about the truth of any ideologies

59、The last paragraph suggeststhat_________

A．international agreements can be reached more easily now

B．man begins to realize the danger of nuclear war

C．nuclear war will definitely not take place

D．world opinion welcomes nuclear war

60、According to theauthor,_________.

A．war is the only way to solve internatioual disputes

B．war will be less dangerous because of the improvement of weapons

C．it is impossible for man to live without war

D．war must be abolished if man wants to survive

61、Questions{TSE} are based onthe following passage.

A useful definition of an air pollutantis a compound added directly or indirectly by

humans to the atmospherein suchquantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or material adversely (有害地．. Air pollution requires avery flexibledefinition that permits continuous change. When the first air pollution lawswere established inEngland in the fourteenth century, air pollutants werelimited to compounds that could be seen or smelled—a farcry (悬殊的差别．from the extensive list of harmful substances known today. Astechnology has developed andknowledge of the health aspects of variouschemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened. Inthefuture, even water vapor (水蒸气．might be consideredan air pollutant under certain conditions.

Many of the more important airpollutants, such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides,arefound in nature. As the Earth developed, the concentrations ( 浓度．of these pollutants were altered byvariouschemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical (生物地球化学的．cycles. These serve as an airpurification scheme by allowing thecompounds to move from the air to the water or soil. On a global basis,nature'soutput of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from human activities. However,human productionusually occurs in a localized area, such as a city.

In this localized region, human outputmay be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purificationscheme ofthe cycles. The result is an increased concentration of noxious ( 有害的．chemicals in the air. Theconcentrations atwhich the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations thatthe pollutants wouldhave in the absence of human activities. The actualconcentration need not be large for a substance to be apollutant; in fact thenumerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase thisrepresents over the concentration that would occur naturally in the area. Forexample, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at0.08 parts per million(ppm．, which is about 400 times its natural level.Carbon monoxide, however, has a naturallevel of 0.1 ppm and is not usually apollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm.

It can be inferred from thefirst paragraph that _________

A．water vapor is an air pollutant in localized areas

B．the definition of air pollution will continue to change

C．a substance becomes an air pollutant only in cities

D．most air pollutants today can be seen or smelled

62、In what way can naturalpollutants play an important role in controlling air pollution? A．They function as part of a purification process.

B．They are dwarfed by the pollutants produced by human activities.

C．They are less harmful to living beings than are other pollutants.

D．They have existed since the Earth developed.

63、According to the passage,the numerical value Of the concentration level of a substance is only useful if

A．the other substances in the area are known

B．it is a localized area

C．it can be calculated quickly

D．the naturally occurring level is also known

64、Which of the following isbest supported by the passage?

A．To effectively control pollution, local government should regularlyrevise the air pollution laws.

B．One of the most important steps in preserving natural lands is tobetter enforce air pollution laws.

C．Scientists should be consulted in order to establish uniform limitsfor all air pollutants.

D．Human activities have great impact on air pollution.

65、The passage mainlydiscusses _________

A．the economic impact on air pollution

B．how much damage air pollutants can cause

C．what constitutes an air pollutant

D．the quantity of compounds added to the atmosphere

Part IV Translation.(30minutes)

66、北京有无数的胡[司(hutong）。平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的

魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到l0个家庭的差不多20口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下来。

Part I Writing.(30 minutes)

1、Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcome to Our Club.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 表达你的欢迎

2. 对你们的俱乐部做一个简要介绍。

1、

A．It could help people of all ages to avoid cancer.

B．It was mainly meant for cancer patients.

C．It might appeal more to viewers over 40.

D．It was frequently interrupted by commercials.

2、

A．The man is fond of traveling.

B．The woman is a photographer.

C．The woman took a lot of pictures at the contest.

D．The man admires the woman's talent in writing.

3、

A．The man regrets being absent-minded.

B．The woman saved the man some trouble.

C．The man placed the reading list on a desk.

D．The woman emptied the waste paper basket.

4、

A．He quit teaching in June.

B．He has left the army recently.

C．He opened a restaurant near the school.

D．He has taken over his brother's business.

5、

A．She seldom reads books from cover to cover.

B．She is interested in reading novels.

C．She read unly part ofthe book.

D．Shewaseagertoknowwhatthebookwasabout

6、

A．She was absent all week owing to sickness.

B．She was seriously injured in a car accident.

C．She called to say that her husband had been hospitalized. D．She had to be away from school to attend to her husband.

7、

A．The speakers want to rent the Smiths' old house.

B．The man lives two blocks away from the Smiths.

C．The woman is not sure if she is on the right street.

D．The Smiths' new house is not far from their old one.

8、

A．The man had a hard time finding a parking space.

B．The woman found they had got to the wrong spot.

C．The woman was offended by the man's late arrival. D．The man couldn't find his car in the parking lot.

9、Conversation One．

听材料，回答下列问题：

A．The hotel clerk had put his reservation under another name．B．The hotel clerk insisted that he didn’ make any reservation．C．The hotel clerk tried to take advantage ofhis inexperience．D．The hotel cl erk couldn’t find his reservation for that night．

10、

A．Agrandweddingwasbeingheldinthehotel．

B．There was a conference going on in the city．C．Thehotelwasundergoingmajor repairs．

D．It was a busy season for holiday—makers．

11、

A．It was free of charge on weekends．

B．It had a 15% discount on weekdays．

C．It was offered to frequent guests only．

D．It was 10% cheaper than in other hotels．

12、

A．Demand compensation from the hotel．

B．Ask for an additional discount．

C．Complain to the hotel manager．

D．Find a cheaper room in another hotel．

13、Conversation Two．

听材料，回答下列各题：