中考英语补全对话题的易错点及应对策略

中考英语补全对话题的易错点及应对策略
中考英语补全对话题的易错点及应对策略

中考英语补全对话题的易错点及应对策略症状一:忽视问答句中的“呼应点”

忽视问句和答语中的信息点,而这个点就是解题的关键。

【连线中考】(2007年重庆卷) B: I agree. ______

A: Atthe gate of our school at nine in themorning.

B: OK. See you then.

【答案解析】正确答案为:When and Where shall wemeet?根据答语可确定问句是特殊疑问句,与at the gateof our school对应的是where,与at nine inthemorning对应的是when。请大家注意本题中使用了两个特殊疑问词。

【易错分析】看到at the gate,考生容易得出“Where shall wemeet?”的结论。

【突破之道】对话都是以问答形式展开的,这些句式中必定会出现相互呼应的疑问句或疑问词等。通常可以根据答语来确定疑问句的种类,如以yes, no作答的肯定是一般疑问句和反意疑问句;以时间、地点或方式等细节信息作答的多为特殊疑问句,当然也有可能是选择疑问句。针对特殊疑问句,答题关键是要确定特殊疑问词。

★症状二:忽视不同场景下的常考句式

没有熟练掌握大纲规定的30个项目的基本交际用语

【连线中考】(2007年河南卷)A: Thank you foryour advice. _______?

B: It’snearly 7:50. Hurry up, or we’ll belate for school.

【答案解析】正确答案为:By the way, what’s the time; What time is it (by yourwatch);Could /Will/Can you tell methe time?

【易错分析】如果不熟悉询问时间的常见句式,难免会失分。使用宾语从句的句式时,一定要注意陈述语序,如不能说Canyou tell me what time is it? 而应该是Canyou tell me what time it is?

【突破之道】要做好补全对话题,必须知晓常考的不同场景(如打电话、问路、购物、看病、邀请、约会、就餐、谈论喜好等)并灵活掌握相关的常用句式,这样解答交际运用题才会得心应手。

★症状三:忽视中西差异

不了解中西文化差异和思维差异,以至于失分错解。

【连线中考】(2007年北京课标卷)根据上下文,写出所缺少的内容。

A: Hello!

B: Hello! 9 Jane?

A: Sorry, she 10 at the moment. Who is that speaking?

B: 11 Tony, Jane’s classmate. I’m callingto tell her something important.

【答案解析】正确答案为:

9. May/Can/Could I speak to;10. isn’tin/isn’t at home/is out;11. Thisis。本题考查电话场景。

【易错分析】考生很容易受汉语思维的影响,把11题的答案误写成“Iam…”。

【突破之道】在情景交际题中,需要留意中西差异,包括文化差异与思维差异等。比如在电话用语中,用“Thisis…”表达“我是…”,而不是“Iam…”。中国人和西方人在思维和表达方式上差距较大,此时要注意“进入角色,换位思考”。

★症状四:忽视语法

只顾填词而忽略了时态或形式等语法规则,这样即便选的或填的是适合的词,答案也是错误的。

【连线中考】(2007年温州卷) Eliza: Mum, let is buy somered(红色的) Fuji apples. Fuji applesare (好) than green apples.

Mum: OK, Fuji apples. Anything else?

【答案解析】正确答案为:

better/nicer。注意要使用比较级形式。

【易错分析】如果只片面地根据汉语提示做题,容易错误地认为67题的答案是good或nice。

【突破之道】任何时候都不能忽视语法的重要性。比如遇到动词就要考虑其对应的时态、语态或是否需要用非谓语形式;遇到名词就要考虑是否需要用复数形式;遇到形容词就要考虑是否需要用它的比较级或最高级。所以做完试卷后一定要检查答案是否符合语法规则。

★症状五:忽视上下文

不考虑上下文而轻率地得出结论,如果遇到提示词出现在下文的试题,必然失分。

【连线中考】(2007年泰州卷)Ricky: It is a good idea, but I donot want to study therebecause the desks there are toos______for all my books.

David: What about my flat? I have a reallybig desk in my study.

【答案解析】正确答案为:

small。句意为“我不想在那里学习,因为那里的桌子对于我的书来说太小了”。

【易错分析】以s开头的词不仅有small,还有short等。但是由下文中的areally big desk可判断答案为small。

【突破之道】做补全对话题时,要充分利用所给的提示或上下文,认真分析,如果缺少有把握的证据,可将该题跳过,有的题目是可以从下文中得到启示的,还有些题目需要通读全文之后才能推敲出答案。所以一定要注意联系上下文。

★症状六:忽视常识

缺乏对生活常识的积累,单凭主观臆断解题

【连线中考】(2007年济南卷)John: But I may lose myjob, doctor. It is hard to get a joblike mine.

Doctor: Then get an easier one, evenif get ______money. Which would youlike to have, health or wealth(财富)?

【答案解析】正确答案为:less。句意为“换个容易点的工作吧,即使钱少点儿(也没关系)”。

【易错分析】看到money,有些同学可能会不自觉地使用much, lotsof等词。

【突破之道】补全对话题都是和生活有关的口语运用,因此,在实际解题的过程中,还需要有一定的生活常识。因为在情景交际中,有一些题是需要结合生活常识才能作出恰当选择的。比如readingbook 多属于library,生病了就有可能会去hospital或clinic,丢了key就有可能进不了家门等。再如2007年泰州卷的补全对话中出现了:Iforget to bring my _________. I can’t domy homework before my mother comeshome. 答案应该为key(s)。

★症状七:忽视主题

不通读全文,不能正确判断对话的主题,易断章取义。

【连线中考】(2007年天津卷)Peter:Oh, David. Please donot put anything on this desk!

David: 71 ?

Peter: Look!This leg is broken.

【答案解析】正确答案为:

What is the matter? 本题主题和生病无关,最好不使用what is wrong等。

【易错分析】看到leg, broken,考生很容易就联想到“生病或受伤”,但是此篇对话的主题是围绕“修理桌子”而进行的。所以一定要明确对话的主题,不要断章取义。

【突破之道】抓住主题有助于更好地理解对话内容,从而提高做题的准确率。一篇完整的对话通常包括三个阶段:提出话题、展开话题和结束话题。解题时应充分利用所给的词句信息,以掌握对话者的身份、态度、意图等。

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