高考英语试题三含答案
2019-2020学年度上学期高二年级寒假英语试题三答案
满分110分。
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是应用文。介绍了纽约几家比较便宜的旅馆，包括旅馆价格、主要特色和周围的环境。【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段部分中This hotel features works by Brooklyn artists.可知BKL YN House Hotel中装饰着Brooklyn艺术家的作品。故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Pod 39 Hotel中But with prices among the most competitive in Manhattan, budgeters will be happy.可知预算紧张的人会喜欢这家宾馆，故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Citizen M New York Times Square中There’s a rooftop bar, a 24-hour grab-and-go cafeteria and an area with public iMac workspaces. Although New Yorkers avoid nearby Times Square, all the lights, cameras and action can make it a fun tourist experience.可知这里有一个屋顶酒吧，一个24小时开放的自助餐厅，还有一个带有公共iMac工作空间的区域，游客们可以在这里欣赏享受。故选C。
【点睛】做推理判断题时要多留心文中的原词复现或同义词，比如小题2中题干中考点是who have a tight budget，原文Pod 39 Hotel中But with prices among the most competitive in Manhattan, budgeters will be happy. Budget与budgeters对应，是解题的关键。
B
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文，从祖母和小孙女对古董这个词的理解入手，小孙女说祖母就是她的古董，体现了祖孙之间深深的爱。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was not satisfied to let the matter rest there. I took out the Webster’s Dictionary and read the definition to Jenny.”可知，祖母不想她和小孙女关于古董的谈话就此打住，她希望让小孙女对古董有更进一步的认识，故B项正确。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But the marks are good marks. They show living, or being around. That’s something to display with pride. In fact, sometimes, the more an object shows age, the more valuable it can become.”可知，祖母想告诉小孙女这幅画上的斑点体现了它的年代和价值，故C项正确。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“And then Jenny’s antique lifted her up and embraced her in a hug that would last through the years.”可知，祖母把小孙女抱起来拥入怀中，那是个恒久的拥抱，由此推知祖母深深地爱着小孙女，故D项正确。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“You are my antique.”及最后一段中的“l don’t have any antiques but you”可知，文章从祖母和小孙女对古董这个词的理解入手，小孙女说祖母就是她的古董，体现了祖孙之间深深的爱，故A项正确。
【点睛】生活感悟类的文章是阅读理解的常用话题，此类文章多为记叙文，文章最后一般都有点睛之笔，体现文章的中心思想，抓住这一点就能领会文章的主旨，例如本篇阅读，文章以祖母和小孙女对古董这个词的认识开始，最后小孙女说祖母就是她的古董，最后一段中的“l don’t have any antiques but you”就是文章主旨，从而确定第4题答案为A。
C
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. B
【解析】
本文是说明文。针对现在孩子们屏幕时间过多的现状，专家提出了户外活动的建议及其对孩子发展的好处。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Activities such as building dens, climbing trees, and playing hide and seek are just some of the things kids can do.可知这些组织鼓励孩子们进行的户外运动项目有建洞穴，爬树，玩捉迷藏。其中不包括看电视，故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段Andy Simpson from National Health Service says, “We want parents to see what this magical wonder product does for their kids’ development, independence and creativity, by giving wild time a go”.可知Andy Simpson想让家长们看看这个神奇的产品，通过让孩子们尽情玩耍，对他们的发展、独立和创造力有什么作用。由此推断野外活动时间对孩子们的发展、独立和创造力都有好处。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段介绍了孩子们屏幕时间过长的现象；第二段介绍专家们提出的wild time并解释包括的内容；下文通过专家的话解释户外运动的好处。所以全文是通过给出解释进行的，而不是按时间顺序，进行比较和举例进行的。故选D。
【11题详解】
词义猜测题。此处指我们需要在孩子们的日常生活中留出更多的自由时间，让这一代孩子有更多的我们很多人都认为是理所当然的经历。文章内容是建议孩子们摆脱屏幕时间多进行户外运动，结合画线词语前的修饰词children’s daily可知指的是日常生活，B项与之同义，故选B。
D
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. A
【解析】
本文是说明文。研究发现人们使用互联网的方式与自然界的季节性运动密切相关。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段An international team of researchers from the University of Oxford have found that the way people use the Internet is closely tied to the seasonal movements in the natural world. Their online species searches follow the patterns of seasonal animal migrations.（牛津大学的一个国际研究小组发现，人们使用互联网的方式与自然界的季节性运动密切相关。他们的在线物种搜索遵循季节性动物迁徙的模式。）由此可知研究者发现在线物种搜索受季节性动物迁徙模式的影响，故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段介绍了Mittermeier和他的团队调查了近25亿个维基百科搜索记录，涵盖了245种语言的32000个物种。他们还发现，昆虫、马尾草和开花植物的搜索率各不相同。在维基百科上，许多动植物物种的行为似乎普遍存在季节性趋势。本段主要是为了通过这些数据向我们证实物种受季节的影响之大，是为了进一步支持研究论点。故选A。【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Mittermeier is encouraged by the search results.和it was really exciting and quite unexpected for me to see people’s Wikipedia interest closely related to changes in nature.可知Mittermeier深受研究结果鼓励，看到人们对维基百科的兴趣与大自然的变化密切相关，很兴奋很意外。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。文章介绍的是研究发现许多动植物物种的行为普遍存在季节性趋势，根据文中An international team of researchers from the University of Oxford, 及This finding suggests new ways to monitor changes in the world’s biological diversity.等内容可推断本文出自科学杂志，虽然与生物有关，但属于研究范畴，并不是生物课本知识，故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
【答案】16. E17. G
18. C19. A
20. F
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。介绍了什么是批判性阅读，以及如何成为批判性读者的策略。
【16题详解】
上句Critical reading is active reading.是对批判性阅读的概括，下文应该是进一步的解释，E 项：它包括对作者所说内容的怀疑、评估和形成自己的观点。与上句连接，是补充说明。故选E。
【17题详解】
本段主要内容是建议考虑所写内容的上下文，上文中You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours.介绍了两种情况，G项中In either case与上文的两种情况呼应，故选G。
【18题详解】
本段建议我们要质疑作者的观点。根据上句Don't accept what is written at face value.可知我们不要接受表面上写的东西，C项中的accepting 与原句中的accept呼应，建议我们在接受它之前，要确定作者对任何观点都提供了充分的支持。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据本段中的Assumptions are……和indirect assumption可知本段主题是如何对待作者的假设。根据you must read carefully in order to identify any indirect assumption. Once you identify an assumption, you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid.可知我们要分析作者的假设，故选A。
【20题详解】
最后一段建议我们评估作者使用的资源。上句指出要确保消息来源是可信的，而且是相关的，F项：此外，如果作者写的是一个主题当前的状态，一定要确保来源是最新的。与上句承接，符合本段内容。故选F。
【点睛】做七选五时要注意选项中的关键词与上下文的呼应，小题2上文介绍了两种情况，
G项中In either case与上文的两种情况呼应；小题3中C项中的accepting与原句中的accept 呼应；小题4中本段中的Assumptions are……和indirect assumption与A项中的Analyze assumptions呼应。
第三部分语言知识运用（共二节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29.
B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33.
C 34.
D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38.
D 39. A 40. C
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了心情糟糕的作者去杂货店买东西，结账时需要排长长的队，结果一个善良的人让作者先付钱，作为回报，作者给他买了一张一美元的彩票。通过这段经历作者告诉读者一个人在很糟糕的情况下，哪怕是别人的一点点善意也会让他们的世界明亮起来。
【21题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：商店的通道很拥挤且乱七八糟的，被丢弃的购物车到处都是。A. decorated装饰的；B. littered乱七八糟的；C. equipped装备的；D. connected连接的。根据并列的crowded和abandoned carts可知当时的场景是乱七八糟的，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：所以我就拿了两件必需的东西直接去结账。A. big大的；B. unimportant不重要的；C. necessary必要的；D. cheap便宜的。当时商店里很乱，所以作者赶紧买了必需的东西去结账，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：所以我就拿了两件必需的东西直接去结账，结果发现已经排了很长的队。A. counters柜台；B. hours小时；C. lists清单；D. lines队。此处指结账排队的人多，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我在考虑我是否应该放下商品离开。A. items商品；B. tickets票；C.
money钱；D. carts购物车。此处指上文提到的took a couple of___2___ items，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：发现他也没买多少商品，我感谢了他的好意。A. Explaining解释；B.
Finding发现；C. Suspecting怀疑；D. Proving证明。这位先生看到作者买的商品少，建议作
者排在自己前面，作者观察后发现他买的商品也不多。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：发现他也没买多少商品，我感谢了他好意。A.devotion奉献；B. courage
勇气；C. patience耐心；D. kindness好意。此处指这位先生让作者排在自己前面的好意，故的选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是这位先生坚持把他的购物车后退给我让出地方。A. make room
for让出地方；B. get hold of抓住；C. catch up with赶上；D. stay away from躲避。根据backed
his cart可知是这位先生给作者让地方，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：我没有购物车，而且我手里拿着的牛奶又凉又重，所以我没有等那
位先生的再次提议。A. tasty美味的；B. sour酸的；C. he avy重的；D. pure纯的。根据the
gallon of milk可知牛奶很重，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：所以我没有等那位先生的再次提议。A. promise许诺；B. offer提议；
C. gift礼物；
D. advice建议。此处指这位先生让作者排在自己前面的提议，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：结账时我买了一张彩票递给这位先生。A. awarded授予；B. donated 捐赠；C. lent借出；D. handed递给。此处指把彩票递给他，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：他摇着头说：“你不必这样做”。A. shaking摇动；B. touching触摸；
C. moving移动；
D. tapping轻敲。根据you don’t have to do that.可知他不接受彩票，所以摇头反对。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我知道。但我真的需要这么做。如果你赢了一百万美元，来找我。
A. owe欠，感激；
B. win赢；
C. borrow借；
D. waste浪费。与I bought a lottery ticket呼应，指彩票中奖，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我说这话时，脸上露出了那天第一个微笑。A. praise称赞；B. word 话语；C. smile微笑；D. comment评论。作者为了表达感激之情，所以是笑着和对方开玩笑让对方接受彩票。结合开头作者对超市又乱又挤的描写，所以心情不是太好，现在是当天的第一个微笑。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：这只是一张一元的彩票，但我的感激之情对他的意义和他对我的好意一样大。A. also也；B. still仍然；C. always总是；D. merely仅仅，只是。此处是把彩票的价值和意义相比，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：这只是一张一元的彩票，但我的感激之情对他的意义和他对我的好意一样大。A. appreciation感激；B. excitement兴奋；C. assistance帮助； D. consideration 关心，考虑。此处指我对这位先生的感激，故选A.
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这位先生根本不知道，仅仅因为他注意到一个人需要一点善意，就给
了我一天的快乐。A. spent花费，度过；B. made使，让；C. celebrated庆祝；D. balanced平衡。此处指他的善举使我这一天有所变化，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这位先生根本不知道，仅仅因为他注意到一个人需要一点善意，他就给了我一天的快乐。A. witnessed目击；B. showed显示；C. required需要；D. passed通过。此处指上文提到的我排队结账时需要善意，故选C。
【38题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：那天剩下的时间里，我就像在梦中一样——乌云已经散去。突然，我在需要的地方找到了停车位。A. Generally通常，一般地；B. Obviously显然地；C. Normally 正常地；D. Suddenly突然。根据句意故选D.
【39题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：当我接近十字路口时，交通灯变绿了。A. approached接近；B. left离开；C. visited拜访，参观；D. missed错过。此处指临近十字路口时，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：整个世界似乎更简单了。A. clearer更清楚；B. bigger更大；C. brighter 更光明；D. simpler更简单。与上文作者找到了停车位，交通灯变绿等内容呼应，指作者心情变好了感觉世界更光明了，故选C。
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【答案】41. enters
42. opening
43. was announced
44. regions
45. To ensure
46. a47. which
48. has been
49. sharply
50. and
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了港珠澳大桥的详细信息及开通意义。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：世界上最长的跨海大桥——港珠澳大桥于2018年10月24日上午9点正式通车，标志着人类工程学和连接世界的历史进入了一个骄傲的时刻。此处表示客观事实，在句中作谓语用一般现在时。故填enters。
【42题详解】
考查名词。此处由形容词性物主代词its修饰用名词，故填opening。
【43题详解】
考查时态语态。根据句中One day after the opening和动词started可知此处表示过去的动作，主语the opening和动词announce是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，故填was announced。
【44题详解】
考查名词复数。根据修饰词three different administrative可知名词用复数，指三个不同的行政地区，故填regions。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保旅客能更快地过境，澳门和珠海口岸联合使用了一次性通关模式，旅客只需排队一次，即可在几秒钟内完成两地的出入境手续。句中已有谓语use此处用非谓语动词，表示目的用动词不定式，故填To ensure。
【46题详解】
考查冠词。句中one-off immigration clearance model表示单数意义，此处指一次过出入境检
查模式，用不定冠词。one开头是辅音因素，故填a。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。根据句意可知逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词是one-off immigration clearance model，在非限制性定语从句中做主语，故填which。
【48题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：从周二上午9点开始，已经可以在网上提前预订班车车票。句中时间状语since 9am on Tuesday与现在完成时连用，主语是Booking tickets，动词用单数。故填has been。
【49题详解】
考查副词。修饰动词shortened用副词，指急剧缩短，故填sharp的副词sharply。
【50题详解】
考查连词。句意：随着大桥的开通，珠海与香港国际机场之间的旅行时间将从4小时大幅缩短至45分钟，珠海与香港集装箱码头之间的时间将从3.5小时缩短至75分钟。前后两个例子是并列关系，故填and。
【点睛】语法填空中涉及填动词形式，先分析句中谓语动词，如果已有谓语，就用非谓语动词。再分析主语和动词的关系，如果二者是主动关系用现在分词，如果是被动关系用过去分词，如果表目的用动词不定式。小题5中句中已有谓语use此处用非谓语动词，表示目的用动词不定式，故填To ensure。
第五部分:书面表达(共1小题；每小题25分，满分25 分)
51.假设你叫李华，现在在英国交换学习，你的朋友陈明写信告诉你他打算赴英留学，想知道初到英国可能会遇到的困难。请你用英语给他写一封回信，信的内容应包括：
1.可能会遇到的困难：语言方面的障碍、饮食的不习惯、想家孤独等；
2.鼓励他并表示愿意帮助他。
注意：1.词数100 个左右。
2.信的开头已为你写好，不计人总词数。
Dear Chen Ming，
I'm glad to hear from you. You asked me about the difficulties you may meet with when you get
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chen Ming，
I’m glad to hear from you. You asked me about the difficulties you may meet with when you get here in UK. Now，I’d like to tell you something about it.
First，you may have the problem about the language you think you are well prepared. You may find it difficult to communication with the natives, because many of them have a strong accent. Besides，you may not get used to the western food here or even hate to have it. What’s more，you may feel lonely and miss your family and friends，especially in the very beginning.
However，you needn’t worry about it. Several weeks later，you will get used to everything here and love the place，and I’ll also try my best to help you when necessary.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua 【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封回信：假设你叫李华，现在在英国交换学习，你的朋友陈明写信告诉你他打算赴英留学，想知道初到英国可能会遇到的困难。要求用英语给他写一封回信，信的内容应包括：1.可能会遇到的困难：语言方面的障碍、饮食的不习惯、想家孤独等；2.鼓励他并表示愿意帮助他。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；communication with,strong accent, try my best
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点睛】本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，运用了定语从句you may meet with. 和you think you are well prepared. You may find it difficult中运用了it做形式宾语，when necessary.运用了省略句。全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
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