郭著章、李庆生《英汉互译实用教程》(第3版)课后习题及详解-第7~11章【圣才出品】

第7章Idioms与熟语的翻译

一、找出下列英语熟语的来源并译成汉语

1. to blow hot and cold

【答案】朝三暮四

2. to paint the lily

【答案】画蛇添足；多此一举(浪费或做不必要的事)

3. a dog in the manger

【答案】占据牛槽的狗(占着茅坑不拉屎的人)

4. to separate the sheep from the goats

【答案】把好人与坏人分开

5. Everyone for himself and the devil take the hindmost. 【答案】人不为己，天诛地灭(各人为自己，魔鬼捉到最后的。)

二、试译下列各句，注意运用汉语熟语翻译斜体部分

1. And then I fell asleep and only woke at broad day. 【答案】随后，我又睡着了，直到日高三丈才醒来。

2. His body was perfect, alive with easy suppleness and health and strength.

【答案】他的身体十全十美，肌肉柔软，强健有力，显得生气勃勃。

3. In a dangerous and uncertain world, the strengthening of national defence is the best guarantee of a nation’s vital interests.

【答案】在危机四伏，动荡不安的世界里，巩固国防是一个国家的根本利益的最好保证。

4. Yet there was no hint as to who had irresponsibly started his fiction in the first place. Or why.

【答案】但首先，究竟是谁信口开河、凭空捏造的呢？又是怀着什么目的呢？

5. By comparison, the Great Wall in China is a mammoth presence.

【答案】相比之下，中国的长城真是个庞然大物。

三、试用汉语同义熟语翻译下列idioms

1. to sho w one’s colours

【答案】原形毕露

2. to face the music

【答案】临危不惧

3. as mute as a fish

【答案】默不做声

4. to take French leave

【答案】不辞而别

5. tweedledee and tweedledum

【答案】半斤八两

6. to be at the end of one’s rope 【答案】山穷水尽

7. to look for a needle in a haystack 【答案】大海捞针

8. to put all one’s eggs in one basket 【答案】孤注一掷

9. to mind one’s P’s and Q’s

【答案】谨言慎行

10. to talk black into white

【答案】颠倒黑白

四、根据下列各句后括号内所给方法将下列各句译成汉语

1.A good dog deserves a good bone. (直译加解释法)

【答案】好狗应该得好骨头(有功者受奖)。

2.Ill workmen often blame their tools. (直译联想法)

【答案】拙工咎器(联想：驴不拉磨嫌套弯；不会撑船怪河弯)。

3.no smoke without fire(意译改造法)

【答案】无火不起烟(根据“无风不起浪”改造而来)。

4.He who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl. (对联增字法) 【答案】近朱者赤，近墨者黑。

5.Like knows like. (等值互借法)

【答案】英雄识英雄。

五、翻译下列谚语

1. Many a good cow hath a bad calf.

【答案】好母牛难免产劣犊。

2. Like father, like son.

【答案】有其父必有其子。

3. No fire without smoke.

【答案】无风不起浪。

4. in for a penny, in for a pound (or: as well be hanged for a sheep as a lamb) 【答案】一不做，二不休。

5. sit on the fence (or: swim between two waters)

【答案】脚踩两只船。

6. One may steal a horse, while another may not look over the hedge.

【答案】只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。

7. Give a dog a bad name and hang him.

【答案】人言可畏。

8. If you want a pretense to whip a dog, say that he ate the frying-pan. (or: He who has a mind to beat his dog will easily find a stick. )

【答案】欲加之罪，何患无辞。

9. Love me, love my dog.

【答案】爱屋及乌。

10.One boy is a boy，two boys half a boy，three boys no boy.

【答案】一个和尚有水吃，两个和尚挑水吃，三个和尚没水吃。

六、从四、五、六节中找出下列汉语熟语的英译

1.十五个吊桶打水，七上八下。

【答案】fifteen buckets being hurriedly lowered into a well for water—eight going down while seven were coming up

2.擀面杖吹火—一窍不通。

【答案】to blow up a fire through a rolling pin. It just doesn’t work

3.外甥打灯笼，照舅(旧)。

【答案】not to change one bit…

4.竹篮打水一场空。

【答案】to draw water with a sieve

5.大牯牛的口水，太长。

【答案】the slobber of a buffalo—too long