2020托福阅读机经词汇汇总
2020托福机经词汇汇总2020/1/4
congestion = overcrowding 拥挤，挤满
drastically = extremely 极其，非常
advantageous = favorable 有利的
retained = maintained 保持
vicinity=region（临近）地区
contribute to=add to促进
exhaust=use up耗尽
on balance=overall总的来说
exclusively = solely 仅仅
compromise = weaken 削弱
documented = recorded 记录
magnified = increased 放大，增加
classic=typical典型的
remnants=remains残余物
vigorous=lively有活力的
ringed=surrounded环绕
aggregate = collection 合集
cluster = group 群
many-segmented = are divided into several parts 分割成很多部分的prolifically = abundantly 丰富地
readily = easily 容易地
prior to = before 在之前
was accompanied by = occurred together with 伴随着
profound = significant 深远的，重大的
adverse = unfavorable 不利的
implement = carry out 实施
synthesizing = combining 合成
esteemed = respected 尊敬
endure = withstand 忍受
immune = resistant to 对...免疫
controversial = debatable 有争议的
immense = huge 巨大的
rigid = stiff 僵硬的
stimulate = encourage 激励，促进
intermittent = periodical 间歇的；断断续续的
sporadic = occasional 偶尔的
appliance = use 应用
further=additionally此外
fluctuations=variations变化，波动
inhibit=slow down抑制，使…放慢
impeded=restricted阻碍
vigorous = strong 强烈的
seldom = rarely 很少
suitable = appropriate 合适的
the aftermath of a founder event = the situation that results from a founder event 事件开端造成的后果
regime=government 政体
a surge of= a sudden increase in激增
synthesizing = combining 合成
elevated = raised 提高，抬升
vast = extensive广阔的
drawbacks=disadvantages缺点
sequentially=one after another连续地
just=fair 合理的
constituent = component 组成
gradual = slow 逐渐的
predominate = are in the majority 占主导的
diffuse = spread 弥漫
gauge = measure 测量，标准
irreversibly = not capable of going through a series of actions 不可逆地
profound = significant 深远的，重大的
solely = exclusively 仅仅
2020/1/5
skepticism = doubt 怀疑
scrutiny = examination 周密的调查
dispersal = distribution 传播，扩散
concept = idea 概念
features = aspects特征
unrivaled = unequaled无敌的
merely = only仅仅
verging = bordering濒临，接近
signifying = indicating 表明
ceased = stopped 停止
dispersed = scattered 散布
function功能= purpose 目的
sustained = continued 持续，维持
considerable = significant 相当的
stationary = nonmoving 固定不动的，静止的
overall = general 整体的，全部的
mainstay = foundation 基础
predecessor = manufacturers who came before the Romans 前人
sufficient = enough 充足的
ensures = guarantees 保证
artificial = human-made 人造的
duration = length of time 持续时间
diminished = reduced 减少
mortality = death 死亡
undertook = began 着手
ingenuity = creativity 独创性
aided = helped 帮助
eventually = in the end 最终
initially = first 最开始
adjacent = neighboring 附近的
ignored = paid no attention 忽略
potential = possible 潜在的
embraced = adopted 接纳
eclectic = heterogeneous 多样化的freestanding = no attached 独立的，非附属的perplexing = puzzling 令人疑惑的
incident = occurrence 事件，发生
meager = little 稀少的
rival = competing 敌对的，竞争的
particular = specific 特别的
remnant = remains 残留
subsequently = later 后来的
2020.1.11
constrains on=limitations on 对…的限制appropriate=suitable 恰当的
sustain=continue 维持
profoundly=deeply 深入地
pondered = thought about 考虑，沉思fundamental = basic 基本的
mandated = required 命令；授权
promoted = encouraged 促进
allied = related有关联的
compilations = collections合集
dispersed = spread扩散
simultaneously = at the same time 同步地，同时地trigger = start 开始
uniformly = consistently 一致地
alter = change 改变
booming = rapidly growing 繁荣，激增anticipate = expect 期望
intrusive = unwelcome侵入的
upheaval = disorder 剧变，动荡
subtly = slightly 轻微地
contemplated = thought 计划，深思
vicinity = surrounding 临近
diffusion = spread 消散
autonomous = independent 自主的obligated = required 有义务的
prelude to = introductory step to 前奏，序幕facets = forms 切面，形状
impressive = remarkable 令人印象深刻的elaborate = complex 复杂的
explored = discovered 开发，发现unpromising = unfavorable 不利的
a wealth of = an abundance of 大量的scarcity of = lacking in 缺乏
diffusion = spread 传播扩散
indifferent 无关紧要的，中立的
concur = coincide 一致，同意
critical = essential 重要的
2020.01.12
prolong=extend 延长
in isolation=alone 单独地
adept at=skilled in 熟练于
tactics=methods 策略
dense = thick 密集的
eased into = slowly entered 缓慢移动到retain = keep 保持
inevitable = certain 不可避免的，必然发生的stance = posture 站立姿势
intimately = closely 密切的
hollow = empty 空的
scattered=wildly separated 分散的speculates=puts forward as a possibility 假设tremendous=enormous 大量的
sentimental = emotional 情绪化的assimilated = absorbed 吸收
eventually = at a later time 最后unpromising = unfavorable 不利的
a wealth of = an abundance of 大量的scarcity of = lacking in 缺乏
diffusion = spread 传播扩散
deterioration = decline/worsen 退化exaggeration = inflation 夸大
trivial = worthless 琐碎的，不重要的
spectacular = impressive 壮观的
multifaceted 多方面的
vulnerability = weakness 弱点
persuasive = convincing 有说服力的
exploit = take advantage of 利用
novel = innovative 创新的
remnants=remains残余物
simultaneous = happening at the same time 同时的
Revered 选项有: well-educated，well-paid，talented和highly respected 选highly respected
历年托福阅读真题高频词汇收集整理(5)
历年托福阅读真题高频词汇收集整理(5) Key 关键的important Converted修改 changed Antecedent 先行的的，先辈predecessor Appealing吸引人的 attractive Local 场所place Boosted推进 raised Scope 范围extent Prolific多产的，丰富的 productive Eager 热心的，渴望的enthusiastic Engaged使用，雇佣 hire Subsequent后来的 later Sums 总数amounts Identical同样的 exactly alike Graphic生动的，鲜明的 vivid Undoubtedly 毫无疑问的certainly Components 组成部分parts Besides 除此之外in addition to Flourished繁荣，昌盛 thrived
Grumbled 抱怨，牢骚complained Serve服务，适合 function Sole 的only Detecting 发现finding Sedentary久坐的，不活动的 inactive Subjected 受影响的exposed Essence 本质，精华basic nature Diverse 不同的different Noted 注意到 observed Emphasize 强调stress Accessible易接近的，可靠近的available Account for 解释，说明explain Smooth operation 顺利进行 effective functioning Cluster 成群 group Alert 警惕 ware Scurrying 急跑，匆忙走rushing Formidable 艰难地，令人敬畏的difficult Intent 目的，意向 purpose Regardless of 不管，不顾no matter what Marked 显著地noticeable Confine 限制 restrict
托福阅读词汇分类技巧(一)
托福阅读词汇分类技巧（一）托福阅读词汇分类技巧（一） https://www.360docs.net/doc/758028859.html,/tuofuyuedu/20141219/329225.html?seo=wenku Example: OG Practice Set 4，question 10
Passage 8: One cognitive theory suggests that aggravating and painful events trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings in turn，can lead to aggressive action，but not automatically. Cognitive factors intervene. People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on other people’s motives. Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people often distort other people’s motives. For example， they assume that other people mean them harm when they do not. The word distort in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ mistrust ○ misinterpret ○ criticize ○ resent 解析：distort所在的文章句子后出现“ for example”，根据for example 中的内容，我们可以得出distort在此句中的意思为misinterpret。 3. 并列信息 Example: OG Practice Set 5，question 3 Passage 3: …Absenteeism and lateness hurt productivity and since work was specialized，disrupted the regular factory routine. Industrialization not only produced a fundamental change in the way work was organized; it transformed the very nature of work. The word disrupted in the passage is closest in meaning to ○ prolonged 托福阅读词汇分类技巧（一） https://www.360docs.net/doc/758028859.html,/tuofuyuedu/20141219/329225.html?seo=wenku
托福阅读高频词汇
A break with 分开a departure from Abundant 丰富的,充裕的plentiful Accelerated 加速increased Accessible易接近的,可靠近的available Accordingly 因此,从而consequently Accordingly 因此for that reason Account for 解释,说明explain Accumulated 积聚,积累built up Acute 敏锐的,剧烈的intense Adequate 充分的,足够的sufficient Adhere 坚持stick Administered 管理managed Adorned 装修decorated Advent 出现,到来arrival Adversely 逆向/反的negatively Aesthetically 美学的,艺术的artistically Affront 侮辱,冒犯insult Agents 动因,代理人causes Aided 帮助的helped Alert 警惕ware Allay 减轻,减少reduce Altered 改变changed Alternative 选择：option Altogether 完全的completely Annihilate 消灭,征服conquer Antecedent 先行的的,先辈predecessor Apace with 快速的,急速的as fast as Appeal 吸引attraction Appealing吸引人的attractive Apply to 应用于used for Appreciated赏识,意识到recognized Aptly 恰当的appropriately Article 物品object Ascribed to 归功于,认为assumed to be true of Assembling 聚集gathering Assortment 种类variety Astounding 惊讶的surprising At any rate 无论如何regardless 不管Attachment to 倾向于preference for Attained 达到,获得achieved Attained 达到,获得achieved Attained 获得reached Attendant 伴随的accompanying Attests to 证明give evidence of Attire 服装clothing Avail themselves 利用make use Barren 贫瘠的：infertile Besides 除此之外in addition to Bias 偏见prejudice Biting 尖锐的sharp Boosted 鼓舞raised Boosted推进raised Bound 系,绑tied Bounds 限制：limits Bring about 引起cause Brittle易碎的,脆弱的easily broken By virtue of 由于because of Calculated 计算,决定determined Came of age 出现了,成名了established itself Came to the forefront 来到最前线/变得很重要became important Carried on 继续continued Carry 承担：support Ceased 停止stop Celestial 天文学的：astronomical Chance 偶然的：unplanned Chronicle 记载,记录,编年史describe Circumscribed 限制restricted Classified 分类categorized Cluster 成群group Coarse 粗糙的crude Coarser 粗糙的rougher Cohesion 凝聚力unity Coincided with 一致,符合happened at the same time Coined 组成,创造：created Comparably 相似地：similarly Compelling 强迫地,又说服力的forceful Components 组成部分parts Concealed 隐藏covered Concentrated 集中：clustered Conclusive 总结性的definitive Concomitant with 同时发生的,与之伴随的in conjunction with Confine 限制restrict Confined 局限：limited Conflicting 对立的：apposing Conjectural 猜测的based on guessing Consciously 有意识地,故意地purposely Consequence 结果result Conserve 维持,保留retain Consist 一致的,协调的constant Consorted 交往associated Conspicuous 明显的noticeable Constant 持续的,一致的consistent Constituents 组成部分components Constituting 组成making up Consumed消耗,吃eaten Consumption 消费,吃eating
托福分学科词汇汇总
托福词汇汇总 1 ASTRONOMY 天文 astronomy 天文学 astronomical 天文的 astronomical observatory 天文台 astronomer 天文学家 astrophysics 天文物理学 astrology 占星学 pseudoscience 伪科学 cosmos(universe) 宇宙 cosmology 宇宙学 infinite 无限的 cosmic 宇宙的 cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射 cosmic rays 宇宙射线 celestial 天的 celestial body (heavenly body) 天体 celestial map (sky atlas) 天体图 celestial sphere 天球 dwarf (dwarf star) 矮星 quasar 类星体，类星射电源 constellation 星座 galaxy (Milky Way) 新河系 cluster 星团 solar system 太阳系 solar corona 日冕 solar eclipse 日食 solar radiation 太阳辐射
planet 行星 planetoid (asteroid) 小行星 revolve 旋转，绕转 twinkle 闪烁 naked eye 肉眼 Mercury 水星 Venus 金星 Earth 地球 Mars 火星 Jupiter 木星 Saturn 土星 Uranus 天王星 Neptune 海王星 Pluto 冥王星 orbit 轨道 spin 旋转 satellite 卫星 lunar 月球的 meteor 流星 meteor shower流星雨 meteoroid 流星体 meteorite 陨石 comet 彗星 space (outer space) 太空，外层空间spacecraft (spaceship) 宇宙飞船spaceman ( astronaut) 宇航员，航天员space suit 宇航服，航天服 space shuttle 航天飞机 space telescope空间望远镜 astronaut 宇航员 star 恒星 stellar 恒星的 intergalactic 星系间的 interstellar 恒星间的 interplanetary 行星间的
雅思托福基本核心词汇列表
雅思托福基本核心词汇列表
Airport International Arrival Departure Domestic Expand domestic demand Transfer Connection Non-stop flight Terminal Terminate Terminator Interview Er ee Reserve Book In advance Ahead Ticket fare Fee Single ticket One-way Return First class Economic class Economy Business class Luggage Baggage Carry-on Hand Registered Checked Check in Boarding pass Passport Duty-free shop Tax On board service Blanket In-flight entertainment Lavatory Toilet Washing Rest room Occupied Occupy Occupation Landing card Place of issue Custom(s) Sponsor Health certificate Declare Declaration Baggage claim Shuttle bus Accommodation Dorm dormitory House renting Homestay Landlord Landlady Owner Agency Location Urban Suburban City centre Downtown Suburbs Countryside Village Living quarters Address Road Street Avenue Lane Postcode Contract Contact Flat apartment House En-suite Structure Single bedroom Double
历年托福词汇题汇总440题(有答案)
TOEFL词汇题精选440题 001. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for The word "representative" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) typical (B) satisfied (C) supportive (D) distinctive 002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety today. The word "prized" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) valued (B) universal (C) uncommon (D) preserved 003. The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920's. It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century. The word "overtaken" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) surpassed (B) inclined (C) expressed (D) applied 004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The word "intervals" is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) records (B) speeds (C) distances (D) periods 005. The increasing water pressure under the glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes. The word "freeing" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) pushing (B) releasing (C) strengthening (D) draining 006. A flood of ice would then surge into the turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle. The word "plunge" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) drop (B) extend (C) melt (D) drift 007. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done." Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group's members. The word "collective" is closest in meaning to which of following? (A) necessary (B) typical (C) group (D) particular 008. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious
托福阅读分数对照表
常常有考友询问，为什么托福阅读明明有42个题，总分却只有30分，分数如何计算的呢？其实，每每看到这种问题，小编的内心是疼痛的。 大家准备一个考试，却不看考试指导手册，考得不太理想，简直太正常了。就算天生神勇，也应该有个作战纲领呀！ 打开OG，第一部分就是托福阅读的介绍，编者首先给出了评分标准的表格。 紧接着给出了各类题型的题型解析，这些就是托福阅读的考察内容，众位考友一定要反复研究，在准备考试时，下意识的按照出题者的思路去解题。 那么托福阅读有些什么考察类型？应该怎么解题？
在iBT阅读中，甚至可以扩展到ETS所有考试的阅读题目中，无论是题干还是正确选项，大都能在原文中找出一句话来与之相对应。即题目是原文的意译。这种意译是通过同义词来完成的。即题干中多用近义词来对原文中的句子进行替换，来达到提出问题或者提出正确答案的意思。准确把握意译，是多数题目中准确在原文中定位信息、或者在迷惑选项中选出正确的那个，都有着重要的作用。 1、词汇题 解题方法：若认识，直接解题，没得说；若不认识，就只能推断了。 但是备考阶段最重要的一点。背单词！首先，考托福没有一定的词汇量等于直接酱油了，所以词汇量是一切的基础。 2、指代题 考点：句子直接词之间的关系 解题方法： （1）代词 a. 从句的主语指代主句的主宾语(使用属性判断,不用含义) b. 关系代词指代先行词(插入结构不影响指代关系) c. 重复概念指代: Tom and his cat(就近原则) d. some 和 others （2）名词 a. 优先选择题干的上下意词 m is a kind of M, M是m的上意词 b. 若上下意词不唯一则当作代词指代处理 注意: a.被指代对象往往在代词之前出现 b. 从句开头往后找答案 c. 代词和被指代对象的数性和性质必须一致 d. 指代的传递现象 3、句子简化题 解题方法： （1）确定题干句子中的逻辑成分 逻辑成分主要包括：关联词，动词，状语 而托福最爱考的逻辑主要是：因果，比较、最高级，否定 （2）确定与逻辑相关的语义 要依据最简化原则，抓句子中的逻辑要素。 因果的逻辑要素是：原因结果 比较的逻辑要素是：比较三要素 最高级 否定的逻辑要素是：作用对象 （3）选择与题干逻辑语义一致的选项 先主后次，从逻辑到语义（千万要保证逻辑正确）
托福阅读考试高频词汇
托福阅读考试高频词汇 导读：本文托福阅读考试高频词汇，仅供参考，如果能帮助到您，欢迎点评和分享。 很多学生会选择出国留学，那么托福阅读考试高频词汇有哪些呢?跟着一起来看看吧!下面是收集的有关托福阅读考试高频词汇的资讯，欢迎阅读。 托福阅读考试高频词汇(一) glacier n.冰川 interval n.时间间隔 lodge n.小屋 mantle n.地幔 margin n.(湖，池等的)边缘 offshore adj.海面上的，远离岸的 orbit n.轨道 range n.山脉，多山的地区 mountain range mountain chain knot n.山脉的交结点 summit，top，crest，peak n.山顶 ravine n.峡谷 canyon n.峡谷
gorge n.峡谷 crevice n.断裂 precipice n.悬崖 cliff n.悬崖 receptacle n.接受器，容器，储存器remnant n.残余物 ridge n.脊背 sediment n.沉淀物 slope n.斜坡 tectonics n.构造学 topography n.地形学，地貌学tunnel n.隧道，地道 apply v.应用 cluster v.丛生，群聚 collide v.碰撞 compact v.压紧，固结concentrate v.集中 conduct v.传导 demolish v.破坏，粉碎 diffuse v.传播，扩散 dispose v.处理，处置 distribute v.散布，分布
drill v.钻孔，钻通 eliminate v.排除 erode v.侵蚀 evaporate v.蒸发 extract v.开采，提炼 hem v.给……镶边，包围hypothesize v.假设 insulate v.隔离 melt v.融化 impertinent adj.无关，鲁莽，不相干impenitent adj.不悔悟的n.不悔悟的人nonchalant adj.冷淡的，满不在乎的immobile adj.静止的n.稳定 breeze n.微风 frost n.霜 seep v.渗漏 plummet v.骤然跌落 fine shadow n.细微的差别 black gold n.石油 black diamond n.煤 as……go n.和……相比 skull n.头骨
托福学科词汇大全
地理GEOGRAPHY plain平原plateau (highla nd) 咼地 con tour 轮廓；海岸线 con ti nen tal isla nd 大陆岛 geography 地理 geographer 地理学家lowla nd 低地volca nic isla nd 火山岛hemisphere 半球basin 盆地coral isla nd 珊瑚岛meridia n 子午线，经线caver n (cave) 洞穴in sular 海岛的 parallel平行圈，纬线oasis （沙漠）绿洲islet小岛 latitude 纬度cleft (flaw)裂缝penin sular 半岛 Ion gitude 经度crevice (rift; slit) 裂缝ledge 暗礁 elevatio n 海拔summit 山顶remote-se nsing 遥感的altitude 高度ran ge (山)脉terrain 地域 horizon 地平线valley 峡谷terrestrial 地球的，陆地的equator 赤道gorge 峡谷terrestrial heat Arctic北极canyon 峡谷(geothermal) 地热 An tarctic(A ntarctica) 南cha nn el (strait) 海峡terrestrial magn etism 极marine (maritime; (geomag netism) 地磁expediti on 探险oceanic )海的subterra nean( un dergro n avigati on 航海tide 潮汐ebb (away)退und）地底下 topography 地形,地形学潮evaporati on 蒸发 con ti nent 大陆sea-floor spreadi ng 海床sali nity 含盐度 con ti nen tal shelf 大陆架扩展sedime nt 沉淀物，沉积物 con ti nen tal drift 大陆漂ocea n bottom 海床tropics 热带地区 移说coastla nd 沿海地区tropical 热带的
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