2016高考英语真题江苏卷答案解析版

2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(江苏卷)

第一部分听力(共两节，满分20 分)

做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What are the speakers talking about?

A. Having a birthday party.

B. Doing some exercise.

C. Getting Lydia a gift.

1. 【答案】C

【解析】

Text 1

W: What are we going to get for Lydia’s birthday?

M: How about a pair of running shoes?

W: You know she hates doing exercise.

M: Then I guess we can buy her a birthday cake.

2.What is the woman going to do?

A. Help the man.

B. Take a bus.

C. Get a camera.

2. 【答案】B

【解析】

Text 2

M: Excuse me. Do you have time to help take a picture of us?

W: Oh, I’m sorry. I’ve got to catch a bus.

M: That’s OK.

3.What does the woman suggest the man do?

A. Tell Kate’s to stop.

B. Call Kate’s friends.

C. Stay away from Kate.

3. 【答案】A

【解析】

Text 3

M: It really annoys me when Kate calls her friends during office hours.

W: If I were you, I would tell her to stop.

M: Maybe you’re right. I will talk to her sometime.

4.Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. In a wine shop.

B. In a supermarket.

C. In a restaurant.

4. 【答案】C

【解析】

Text 4

M: Here’s the menu, Madame. Would you like something to drink?

W: Yes, please. May I see the wine list?

M: Certainly. Here you are.

5.What does the woman mean?

A. Keep the window closed.

B. Go out for fresh air.

C. Turn on the fan.

5. 【答案】A

【解析】

Text 5

M: We need to have some fresh air. Do you mind my opening the window?

W: As a matter of fact, I’m feeling a bit cold.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.What is the man going to do this summer?

A. Teach a course.

B. Repair his house.

C. Work at a hotel.

7.How will the man use the money?

A. To hire a gardener.

B. To buy books.

C. To pay for a boat trip.

6. 【答案】C

【解析】

Text 6

M: Guess what I’ll be doing this summer?

W: What?

M: I’m going t o work at the Riverside Hotel.

7. 【答案】B

【解析】

W: What exactly will you be doing?

M: Let’s see. I’ll be doing some small repairs inside and outside the hotel. I’ll be cutting grass and taking care of the flowers.

W: Sounds interesting. What’s the pay?

M: Wel l, uh…about fifteen dollars an hour, five hours a day, and Sunday free.

W: That’s good money. What are you going to do with it?

M: I’ll pay for the textbooks for next term.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Schoolmates.

B. Colleagues.

C. Roommates.

9.What does Frank plan to do right after graduation?

A. Work as a programmer.

B. Travel around the world.

C. Start his own business.

8. 【答案】A

【解析】

Text 7

M: Hi, Sue. How’s it going?

W: Oh, hi, Frank, just fine. How are your classes?

M: Pretty good. I’m glad this is my last term here, though.

W: Why is that? I thought you were enjoying school.

M: I was. But now I’m getting tired of it. I’m ready for the real world.

9. 【答案】A

【解析】

W: What are you planning to do when you graduate?

M: First, I want to get a job as a computer programmer, and then after five years or so, I’d like to start my own business.

W: Sounds good. I still have three terms to go until I’m done.

M: You’ll make it for sure. Well, see you later.

W: Bye!

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Why does the woman make the call?

A. To book a hotel room.

B. To ask about the room service.

C. To make changers to a reservation.

11.When will the woman arrive at the hotel?

A. On September 15.

B. On September 16.

C. On September 23.

12.How much will the woman pay for her room per night?

A. $179.

B.$199.

C. $219.

10. 【答案】C

【解析】

Text 8

M: Hello, Milton Hotel Reservations. How may I assist you?

W: Hi, I’m calling to make some changes to an existing reservation.

M: Certainly. Do you have the reservation number?

W: Sure, it’s 219.

M: That’s a reservation for Sally Menkel. Is that right?

W: Yes. Instead of a courtyard room, I’d like a room with a view, preferably on an upper floor.

11. 【答案】B

【解析】

W: Yes, that’s right. I’d like to change the check-in date from September 15 to September 16.

M: Certainly. I can make that change for you. Is that the only change?

W: No, the check-out date will also change from the 23rd to the 24th.

M: No problem. We have you arriving on the 16th of September and leaving the 24th of September—altogether, eight nights. Will there be anything else?

12. 【答案】B

【解析】

M: I can certainly change that for you, but there will be a change in the room rate. The new rate is $199 per night, instead of the original $179.

W: That’s OK. These are all the changes. Thank you very much.

M: You’re welcome. Have a nice day!

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.What is the woman’s plan for Saturday?

A. Going shopping.

B. Going camping.

C. Going boating.

14.Where will the woman stay in Keswick?

A. In a country inn.

B. In a five-star hotel.

C. In her aunt’s home.

15.What will Gordon do over the weekend?

A. Visit his friends.

B. Watch DVDs.

C. Join the woman.

16.What does the woman think of Gordon’s coming weekend?

A. Relaxed.

B. Boring.

C. Busy.

13. 【答案】C

【解析】

Text 9

W: Gordon, I’m going to Keswick in the Lake District this weekend.

M: Really?

W: Yeah, five of us. Why don’t you join us? We’re getting to Keswick on Friday. Then we’re going boating on Saturday. And on Sunday, we’re going to do some shopping. Then I will take some time to visit my aunt Lucy. 14. 【答案】A

【解析】

M: You’re not going to camp, are you? Isn’t it a bit cold?

W: No, we’re not. It is a bit cold. We’re staying in a country inn. It’s not like five-star hotels or anything. But it’s really comfortable.

M: Hmm, sounds interesting. You know, it’s the boating that I don’t like.

15. 【答案】B

【解析】

W: Well, what are you up to?

M: Sit on my sofa all weekend and watch the D VDs I’ve just bought. And that will be a busy weekend. I may finish watching Friends.

16. 【答案】B

【解析】

W: I don’t know how you can do that all weekend, Gordon. I’d get bored.

M: I know, I know. But that’s really what I want to do.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Who is Wang Ming?

A. A student.

B. An employer.

C. An engineer.

18.What does the speaker say about the college job market this year?

A. It’s unpredictable.

B. It’s quite stable.

C. It’s not optimistic.

19.What percentage of student job seekers have found a job by now?

A.20%.

B.22%.

C.50%.

20.Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a job?

A. They need more work experience

B. The salary is usually good.

C. Their choice is limited.

17. 【答案】A

【解析】

Text 10

M: Hello. Welcome to the program. In America, May and June are the traditional months for graduations. A listener in China, Wang Ming, who is about to get an engineering degree, wants to know how American college graduates find jobs.

18. 【答案】C

【解析】

In America, May and June are the traditional months for graduations. A listener in China, Wang Ming, who is about to get an engineering degree, wants to know how American college graduates find jobs. Right now, the answer is: not very easily.

19. 【答案】A

【解析】

A latest study on the college job market showed that employers wanted to hire 22% fewer graduates this year than last. The study also showed that just 20% of those who looked for jobs before graduation have found one by now.

20. 【答案】B

【解析】

Engineering graduates were more likely to have started their job search already, and to have accepted a job. This is among the best-paid professions for people with just a college degree. On average, engineering majors expect to start at about $62,000 a year.

第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21.It is often the case _______ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.

A. why

B. what

C. as

D. that

21.【答案】D

【解析】考查名词从句。本句中“it”为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句。该从句成分齐全，不缺任何成分，故用“that”引导，因为“that”只起引导名词从句的作用，在从句中不作任何成分，也没有相应的具体意思。句意：通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人来说，任何事情都是有可能的。

22.More efforts, as reported, _______ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.

A. are made

B. will be made

C. are being made

D. have been made

22.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。一般将来时(被动语态)。时间状语“in the years ahead”意为“在未来几年”说明要用一般将来是。句意：据报道，为了加速供给侧结构性改革，在今后几年将做出更大的努力。23.Many young people, most _______ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.

A. of which

B. of them

C. of whom

D. of those

23.【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是Many young people，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语。故C项正确。句意：很多年轻人前往偏远地区去追求他们的梦想，他们中大多数人都是受过良好教育的。

24.—Can you tell us your _______ for happiness and a long life?

—Living every day to the full, definitely.

A. r ecipe

B. record

C. range

D. receipt

24.【答案】A

【解析】考查名词的辨析。recipe秘诀，食谱，药方；record记录；range范围；receipt收据，收条。根据句意可知A项意为“秘诀”，与上下文相符。句意：“你能否把你的快乐长寿的秘诀告诉我？”“当然是每天生活得要充实。”

25.He did not _______ easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.

A. approach

B. wrestle

C. compromise

D. communicate

25.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的辨析。approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗争，努力解决；compromise妥协，和解，让步；communicate交流。句意：他是不轻易作出妥协的，但愿意为一个有价值的事业接受任何建设性的建议。

26._______ some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.

A. Because

B. If

C. Unless

D. While

26.【答案】D

【解析】考查状语从句。because因为；if如果；unless除非；while尽管，然而，当……时。根据句意可知此处表转折，所以使用while“尽管”。句意：尽管有些人的动机是出于对成功的渴望，但也有些人的动机却是出于对失败的恐惧。

27.If it _______ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.

A. had not been

B. should not be

C. were not to be

D. should not have been

27.【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。the other day提示是过去时间，下文的should not be here now提示是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。因此if从句应该是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。本题是对混合虚拟条件句的考查。句意：如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。

28.In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message _______ within the work.

A. to hide

B. hidden

C. hiding

D. being hidden

28.【答案】B

【解析】考查非谓语动词。hidden=which is hidden，过去分词短语作后置定语。句意：在艺术批评中，你必须假设艺术家在作品里隐藏着一个不为人知的信息。

29.Dashan, who _______ crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.

A. will be learning

B. is learning

C. had been learning

D. has been learning

29.【答案】D

【解析】考查动词的时态。本句的时间状语是“for decades几十年来”，该时间状语通常和现在完成的有关时态连用。使用现在完成进行时，强调动作的延续性。句意：大山学习中国传统喜剧形式——相声已经几十年了，他想把它与西方的单口喜剧传统结合起来。

30.Many businesses started up by college students have _______ thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.

A. fallen off

B. taken off

C. turned off

D. left off

30.【答案】B

【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。fall off跌落，下降；take off起飞，成功，腾飞；turn off关闭；leave off停止，中断。句意：由于良好的创业环境，很多大学生创办的生意都很成功。

31.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most _______ statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.

A. explicit

B. ambiguous

C. original

D. arbitrary

31.【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词的辨析。explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱两可的，含糊不清的；original原始

的，最初的；arbitrary 任意的，专制的。句意：对于如何以及以什么为基础来收集数据，他的综合调查提供了最明晰的陈述。

32.—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.

—_______. Opposites sometimes do attract.

A. I hope not

B. I think so

C. I appreciate that

D. I beg to differ

32.【答案】D

【解析】考查情景交际。I hope not我可不希望这样；I think so我认为如此；I appreciate that我很感激；I beg to differ恕我不能同意；本题的关键词是后句“Opposites sometimes do attract.”意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。说明对话两个人的意见并不一致。故D项“恕我不能同意”符合上下文。句意：“只有那些有很多共同之处的人才能相处得很好。”“恕我不能同意。有时候是相异而相吸的。”

33.Parents should actively urge their children to _______ the opportunity to join sports teams.

A. gain admission to

B. keep track of

C. take advantage of

D. give rise to

33.【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。gain admission to获准进入；keep track of记录；take advantage of利用；give rise to引起。句意：父母亲应该积极鼓励孩子抓住机会参加体育活动。

34.Not until recently _______ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.

A. they had encouraged

B. had they encouraged

C. did they encourage

D. they encouraged

34.【答案】C

【解析】考查特殊句式(倒装句)。当not until所引导的时间状语放在句首时，主句要使用部分倒装。排除AD选项，B项为过去完成时，而上下文中并没有体现过去的过去的时间状语。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。

35.—Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.

—Lack of self-confidence is his _______, I am afraid.

A. Achilles’ heel

B. child’s play

C. green fingers

D. last straw

35.【答案】A

【解析】考查俗语。Achilles’ heel唯一致命的弱点；child’s play小儿科、轻而易举；green fingers搞园艺的才能；last straw最后一根(救命)稻草。句意：“杰克仍然情不自禁地担心他的就业面试。”“恐怕缺乏自信就是他唯一致命的弱点。”

第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever. I met Kurt Kampmeir of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast. While we were ___36___, Kurt asked me, “John, what is your ___37___ for personal growth?”

Never at a loss for words, I tried to find things in my life that might ___38___ for growth. I told him about the many activities in which I was ___39___. And I went into a ___40___ about how hard I worked and the gains I was making. I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt ___41___ patiently, but then he ___42___ smiled and said, “You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?”

“No, I ___43___.”

“You know,” Kurt said simply, “growth is not a(n) ___44___ process.”

And that’s when it ___45___ me. I wasn’t doing anything ___46___ to make myself better. And at that moment, I made the ___47___: I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my ___48___.

That night, I talked to my wife about my ___49___ with Kurt and what I had learned. I ___50___ her the workbook and tapes Kurt was selling. We ___51___ that Kurt wasn’t just trying to make a sale. He was offering a

___52___ for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.

Several important things happened that day. First, we decided to ___53___ the resources. But more importantly, we made a commitment to ___54___ together as a couple. From that day on, we learned together, traveled together, and sacrificed together. It was a ___55___ decision. While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.

36.A. working B. preparing C. thinking D. eating

37.A. suggestion B. demand C. plan D. request

38.A. appeal B. look C. call D. qualify

39.A. involved B. trapped C. lost D. bathed

40.A. lecture B. speech C. discussion D. debate

41.A. calculated B. listened C. drank D. explained

42.A. eagerly B. gradually C. gratefully D. finally

43.A. admitted B. interrupted C. apologized D. complained

44.A. automatic B. slow C. independent D. changing

45.A. confused B. informed C. pleased D. hit

46.A. on loan B. on purpose C. on sale D. on balance

47.A. comment B. announcement C. decision D. arrangement

48.A. life B. progress C. performance D. investment

49.A. contract B. conversation C. negotiation D. argument

50.A. lent B. sold C. showed D. offered

51.A. recalled B. defined C. recognized D. declared

52.A. tool B. method C. way D. rule

53.A. provide B. buy C. give D. deliver

54.A. grow B. survive C. move D. gather

55.A. difficult B. random C. firm D. wise

【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文。文章第一句话“Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever.”几年前，在我的生活中发生了一件会永远改变我的人生的重大事件”引出下文：如果我们要成功，就需要有详细的个人成长计划，在柯特的影响之下，我和妻子在一起成长，取得了很好的个人成就。

36.【答案】D

【解析】working工作；preparing准备；thinking思考，想；eating吃。联系上文中的“for breakfast”，可知应该是在用早餐时发生了下面的对话：当我们吃早饭时，他问我就个人成长方面有什么样的计划。故D项符合语境。

37.【答案】C

【解析】suggestion建议；demand要求，需求；plan计划；request要求，请求，要求的事。联系第二段最后一句话“You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?对于个人成长你并没有什么计划，是吧？”可知柯特在问我个人成长计划是什么。故C项正确。

38.【答案】D

【解析】appeal呼吁，吸引(通常与to连用)；look for寻找；call for需要；qualify for有……资格。联系上文当柯特提出的问题，这里应该是：我在尝试找找“有资格”称之为“成长”的东西。故D项正确。

39.【答案】A

【解析】本句是定语从句activities (in which I was _______)，修饰先行词activities，介词in被提到了关系代词which之前，实际上就是I was _______ in these activities的语序。be involved in参与到……，卷入……；be trapped in被困在……中；be lost in沉浸于……；be bathed in被……笼罩。我告诉了他我所参加的许多活动。根据句意可知A项正确。

40.【答案】B

【解析】联系上文：我开始回答Kurt的问题，我滔滔不绝地讲了我是多么努力工作，不断取得了怎样的成绩。再联系下文“I must have talked for ten minutes我肯定讲了有十分钟的时间”说明是在演讲。go into a speech 发表演讲。lecture讲座，讲课；discussion讨论；debate辩论，争论。

41.【答案】B

【解析】上题答案选正确了，这一题的答案就很容易搞定：上文讲我滔滔不绝地讲，一讲就是十分钟，那么Kurt就应该是listened patiently(耐心地听)，故B正确。calculate计算，估算；drink喝；explain解释。

42.【答案】D

【解析】上文讲：“我”在滔滔不绝地讲，一讲就是十分钟，而Kurt则是耐心地听，所以是Kurt最终(听完后)说了一句，故D正确。耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有什么计划，是吧？eagerly急切地；gradually逐渐地；gratefully感激地；finally最后，终于。

43.【答案】A

【解析】联系上文：Kurt询问我的个人成长计划，而我却说了一大通确实并不相关的话题，所以对Kurt最终(听完后)问的问题，作者只好承认(admitted)没有个人成长计划。故A项正确。interrupt打断；apologize 道歉；complain抱怨。“柯特笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有什么计划，是吧？”这是一个前面否定的反

义疑问句，在回答的时候“no”翻译为“是的”。说明我承认自己并没有什么个人成长计划。

44.【答案】A

【解析】automatic自动的；slow缓慢的；independent独立的；changing不断变化的。本题需要对上文进行连贯的把握：上文Kurt一直在问作者“有没有个人成长计划”这个问题。可见Kurt认为这个“计划”的重要，所以可以推出：Kurt是在提醒作者“成长并不是一个自动的过程(潜台词就是：个人成长是需要来规划的)”，故A正确。

45.【答案】D

【解析】联系上文可知Kurt一语道破，他的提醒使我突然意识到自己之前并没有做个任何个人成长计划。如果对“hit”“使……突然意识到，突然想起来”的意义不很熟悉，那么可以用排除法解题。confuse使……困惑；inform通知；please使……高兴，取悦；hit使……突然意识到，突然想起来。

46.【答案】B

【解析】本题根据全文的主旨推断答案：作者通过Kurt的提醒意识到自己一直以来并没有对自己的成长有个清晰的规划，也就是说没有有目的地(on purpose)去提升自己(make myself better)，故B项正确。on loan 借贷，借用；on purpose故意地，有意地，有目的地；on sale抛售，打折出售；on balance总之。他的话让我意识到自己的确没有有意地做一些让自己更好的事情。

47.【答案】C

【解析】联系上文：既然一直以来都没有一个个人成长计划，那么现在作者就作出了一个决定：开发并遵循一个个人成长计划。下文It was a ___55___ decision.可以用来验证答案，故C项正确。

48.【答案】A

【解析】本题最大的障碍就是B选项，因为progress(进步)与上文的growth(成长)对应了起来。其实个人成长计划里就包含了BCD三个选项，只有“life人生”涵盖的范围最广，这里指的是“你的人生的成长方案是什么？”，故A正确。progress进步；performance表现；investment投资；

【解析】contract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument争论。根据文章前两段可知我和柯特在吃早饭的时候，进行了一次关于个人成长计划的对话，所以这里是说：作者回家后跟妻子谈到了自己与Kurt的对话，故B正确。

50.【答案】C

【解析】联系上文：作者回家后跟妻子谈到了自己与Kurt的对话以及从对话中所学到的东西，可知作者将Kurt卖给他的东西展示(showed)给妻子看。故C正确。lend借入；sell出售；offer提供。

51.【答案】C

【解析】空格后是一个宾语从句“that Kurt wasn’t just trying to make a sale. Kurt不只是想做买卖”应该与“recognize认识到，意识到”搭配，故C正确。recall回忆；define定义；declare宣布。

52.【答案】C

【解析】上题答案搞定后，52题相对就容易了。联系上下文应该是说：Kurt不只是想做买卖，而是给我们提供一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。本题的难点在于是用way还是用method，需要深层次考量：method 一般是指用来解决一些学习、学术、技术等方面问题的方法。way在本文里的含义应该是“方向，道路”，结合文章来看，在文章中指的是人生的道路，具有更深的含义。故C项正确。

53.【答案】B

【解析】联系上文Kurt卖给作者workbooks and tapes，而空格后的“the resources”正是指的这些资源。由此可以看出，Kurt卖给作者，反过来就是作者买过来的，故B项正确。

54.【答案】A

【解析】联系上文可知柯特和我谈论的是个人成长的话题，我和妻子在他的影响下承诺共同成长。最后一句话“While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together在好多夫妻渐行渐远的时候，我们共同成长”可以验证答案，故A正确。

【解析】联系上下文：作者夫妇共同学习、共同旅行、一起奉献，在好多夫妻渐行渐远的时候，他们却共同成长，说明这是一个“wise明智的”决定，故D正确。difficult困难的；random随机的，任意的，胡乱的；firm坚定的。

第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Day school Program

Secondary students across Toronto District School Board(TDSB) are invited to take one or two e-Learning courses on their day school timetable. Students will remain on the roll at their day school.

The on-line classroom provides an innovative relevant and interactive Learning environment. The courses and on-line classroom are provided by the Ministry of Education

These on-line courses

are taught by TDSB secondary school teachers

are part of the TDSB Student’s time table; and

appear on the Student’s report upon completion

Benefits of e-Learning

Include:

Access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school

Using technology to provide students with current information: and.

assistance to solve timetable conflicts

Is e-Learning for You?

Students who are successful in on-line course are usually;

able to plan, organize time and complete assignments and activities;

capable of working independently in a responsible and honest manner; and ,

able to regularly use a computer or mobile device with internet access

Students need to spend at least as much time with their on-line course work as they would in a face-to-face classroom course.

56.E-Learning courses are different from other TDSB courses in that _______.

A. they are given by best TDSB teachers.

B. they are not on the day school timetable.

C. they are not included on students’ reports.

D. they are an addition to TDSB courses.

57.What do students need to do before completing e-learning courses?

A. To learn information technology on-line.

B. To do their assignments independently.

C. To update their mobile devices regularly.

D. To talk face to face with their teachers.

【语篇解读】这是介绍TDSB学校提供给学生的网络学习课程的说明文(广告)。接着看题干和备选项查证对比文章的相关内容进行解题。

56.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。考查网上学习与TDSB网路课程的区别在于：定位到“These on-line courses”部分列出的三点：A选项对应第一点，但是把“TDSB secondary school teachers”偷梁换柱成“best TDSB teachers”；B选项对应第二点，很明显跟“part of the TDSB Student’s time table”不符；C选项对应第三点，很明显跟“appear on the Student’s report upon completion”也不符。故用排除法选定答案D。也可以根据Benefits of e-Learning部分中的“Include: access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school.(在TDSB学校无法接触到的学习课程)”可知该网络学习显然是对TDSB学校课程的补充。

57.【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。在线课程带来的好处里的第二条(Using technology to provide students with current information)明确说明是利用技术给学生们提供最新的信息，而A选项的意思是在线学习信息技术，显然不

对。B选项与在线学习能给我们带来什么的第一条和第二条相符，两个单词“assignments, independently”分别出现在第一条和第二条里。C选项把“use”偷梁换柱成“update”；根据文章最后一句“学生需要花在在线课程上的时间至少和他们花在面对面的课堂课程上的时间一样多”排除D选项。

B

Chimps(黑猩猩)will cooperate in certain ways, like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct(本能)to help one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children, who are able from a young age to gather their own food.

In the laboratory, chimps don’t natur ally share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no great effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull at random—he just doesn’t care whether his neighb or gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.

Human children, on the other hand are extremely corporative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate a achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of expensive with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see a worried adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.

There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share are not taught .but naturally possessed in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train children to behave socially. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded. A third reason is that social intelligence. Develops in children before their general cognitive(认知

的)skills, at least when compared with chimps. In tests conducted by Tomtasello, the children did no better than the Chimps on the physical world tests, but were considerably better at understanding the social world. The core of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t in what Tomasello calls what. Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking. But that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.

58.What can we learn from the experiment with chimps?

A. Chimp s seldom care about others’ interests.

B. Chimps tend to provide food for their children.

C. Chimps like to take in their neighbors’ food.

D. Chimps naturally share food with each other.

59.Michael Tomasello’s tests on young children indicate that they _______.

A. have the instinct to help others

B. know how to offer help to adults

C. know the world better than chimps

D. trust adults with their hands full

60.The passage is mainly about _______.

A. the helping behaviors of young children

B. ways to train children’s shared intentionality

C. cooperation as a distinctive human nature

D. the development of intelligence in children

【语篇解读】这是一个实验报告(科普说明文)；实验的对象和内容：人类的幼儿与黑猩猩在合作方面的对比；然后得出了结论：孩子们思维所具备的和黑猩猩的思维所不具备的核心问题就是Tomasello所称为的共享意向问题(与人合作是人类本性天生就具备的鲜明特点)。

58.【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“In the laboratory, chimps don’t naturally share food either.在实验室里，黑猩猩天生也不会把食物分享给别人”可以直接排除BD选项。根据第二段钟的“he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.他才不管他的邻居有没有。黑猩猩真的很自私。”可以锁定答案A。C选项只是陈述了一个事实，这只是个现象，而不是从各种现象中得到有的结论。

59.【答案】A

【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“他发现如果18个月大的幼儿看见手里满是东西的成年人心惊胆战试图开门时，几乎所有幼儿都会立即试图帮助他”和第四段第一句“有理由相信那些去帮助，提醒和分享的欲望并不是别人教的，而是在年幼孩子们身上自然就拥有的”可以推断出：帮助别人是孩子的本能。故A 项正确。B选项“知道如何帮助成年人”，这个选项有迷惑性，文中指出：幼儿看到成年人双手满满心惊胆战试图开门，只是有欲望去帮助他们，这只是本能，他们却没有能力去帮助成年人，也就谈不上知道如何去帮他人了。C选项“比黑猩猩更加了解世界”，如果你混淆“physical world”和“social world”这两个概念，就会误选。在“physical world”层面，人类的幼儿无法跟黑猩猩相比的；而在“social world”层面，黑猩猩根本无法

与人类幼儿相提并论。D选项“相信手中拿满东西的成年人”，这显然与文中所述事实不符。如果是这样的话，他们就不会处于本能有帮助成年人的冲动。

60.【答案】C

【解析】主旨大意题。本文通过人类的幼儿与黑猩猩的对比，得出了结论：与人合作是人类本性天生就具备的鲜明特点。故C项正确。A选项“幼儿的帮助行为”，这只是本文所有论述大量事实中的一个，并不是最主要的一个。B选项“训练孩子们共享意向的方法”，本文是提到了共享意向，但并没有给出训练共享意向的方法。D选项“孩子们智力的发展”，跟选项A一样，只是提到的众多事实中第一个，不是最主要的一个。

C

El Nifio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisher men who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.

The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped A merican’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.

But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought(干旱)in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.

The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute(ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.

Simple improvements to infrastructure(基础设施)can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers(下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges