八年级英语课本文化背景知识资料

八年级课本文化背景知识

( 1 ) Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy.For example,are you often weak and tired? Maybe you have too much yin.You should eat hot yang foods,like beef.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for

this.But people whoare too stressed out anf angry may have too much yang Chinese doctors belive that they should eat more yin foods, like tofu.Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries.It is easy to have a healthy lifestyle,and it is important to eat a balanced diet.

传统中医认为要想健康，我们需要在阴和阳之间保持平衡。例如，你体虚而又容易疲倦吗？你可能阴盛。你应该吃壮阳的食品，如牛肉。吃党参和黄芪对这也好处。过度紧张并且容易生气的人也许阳气过多。中医认为他们应该多吃补阴的食品，象豆腐。中医药现在在许多西方国家很流行。具有健康的生活方式并不难，重要的是膳食平衡。

（2） Canada is a beautiful country .there are many people speak French.Great Lakes is one of the traveling spotlights in Canada. 加拿大是个美丽的国家，那里有许多人讲法语。五大湖是加拿大的旅游景点之一。

（ 3 ）How do students around the world get to school 世界各地学生是怎样去上学的。In North America, most students go to school on the school bus.Some students also walk or ride bikes to school.In other parts of the world,things are different.In Japan,most students take trains to school, althongh others also walk or ride their bikes.In China,it depends on where you are.In big cities.students usually rides to school or take buses. And in places where there are rivers and lakes.Like Hongshanhu and Kanshandao,students usually go to school by boat.That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus.

北美，大部分学生坐学校的校车去上学。有些学生也走路或者骑自行车去学校。在世界的其他地方，情况都不同。在日本，尽管其他学生也走路或者骑车、很多学生也还是乘地铁去学校。在中国，这就取决于你在哪。在大城市，学生经常骑车或者坐公汽去学校。在有河流和湖泊的地方，像红珊瑚和开山岛这些地方。学生经常坐船上课。那一定比乘车有趣的多。。

（4）Deng Yaping（邓亚萍）is a great Chinese（中国）ping-pong player.She was born in 1973. ( 5 )Michael Jordan (迈克尔乔丹) is a great American（美国）basketball player.He was born in 1963.

（6）Martina Hingis(马丁娜辛吉斯) is great Swiss（瑞士）tennis player.She was born in 1980. （7）David Beckham(大卫贝克汉姆).is a great British（英国）soccer player.He was born in1975.（8）Tiger woods started golfing when he was only ten months old。mozart started writing music when he was four years old。And ronaldo，the great brazilian soccer player，played for his nationai team when he was seventeen。

老虎伍兹开始打高尔夫球时，他只有十个月的。莫扎特（奥地利作曲家）当他4岁开始音乐创作。

伟大的巴西足球运动罗纳尔多当他17岁时就效力于他的国家队。

（９）shirley temple was a movie start wheｎshe was only three years oid . Ｍei langfang first perforned Ｂeijing opera when he was ten．Liu Xuan,the Chinese gymnast,won a gold medal at the World Championships when she was seventeen.

秀兰邓波在她三岁的时候就是一位电影明星，梅兰芳第一次表演京剧时他才十岁。中国体操运动员刘璇在１７岁时在世界锦标赛上获得冠军。

（１０）li yundi,a well-known chinese pianist,always loved music.he was born in 1982 in chongqing.when he was a small boy ,he could hum songs and diffcult pieces of music.he began to learn the accordion at the age of four,and he started to learn the piano when he was seven.in october 2000,li yundi took part in the 14th chopin international piano competition in poland.he won first prize in his group.he was also the first prize in the 70-year history of the competition to win this prize.

著名的中国钢琴家李云迪总是喜欢音乐。他1982出生于重庆。当他还是一个小男孩，他就能哼唱歌曲和较难的曲子。他 4 岁时开始学手风琴，他七岁时开始学习钢琴，。2000 年10 月，李云迪参加了14界在波兰举行的肖邦（波兰作曲家。钢琴家）国际钢琴比赛。他在他的组内获得了第一名。他也是70 年历史赢得这个奖的第一个中国钢琴家。

（11）Sanya is in Hainan Province in southern China.It's still warm in winter.it's about 15°

C(fifteen degrees celsius) in the afternoon.sanya has lovely. beaches.Harbin is in northern China.it's cold in winter,sometimes-30°C(minus ten degrees celsius) .Tourists need to wear warmclothes.There is an Ice and Snow Festival in winter.Beijing is not very cold in winter.it's about-10°C . it doesn't often rain or snow.Hotels usually cut their prices in winter.三亚位于中国南部的海南省。在冬天它仍然是温暖的。在下午它大约15度。三亚有可爱海滩。

哈尔滨在中国的北部。冬天很冷，有时-30度。游客需要穿暖和的衣服。在冬天有冰雪节。北京在冬季不是很冷。它大约-10度不常下雨或雪。旅馆通常在冬天降价.

（12）Before 1929,there was on sound in movies.在1929年电影是没有声音的。

（13）Dr Martin Luther King was killed in the city of Memphis in America on April 4 1968 马丁·路德·金于1968年4月4日在美国孟菲斯被杀死。

（14）The World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists on September11,2001。

纽约世界贸易中心是在2001年11月9日被恐怖分子破坏的

(15)Man first walked on the moon on July 20,1969.人类首次登上月球是在1969年7月20日.

（1）Yangw Li ei became the first Chinese astronaut in space.Yang Liwei went into space on October15,2003.His flight around the earth lasted about 22 hours.杨利伟是中国第一个进入太空的宇航员。在2003年10月15日他载宇宙飞船绕地球飞行了22小时。

(17).Harbin is the capital of Heilongjiang Province.This is an interesting city with a very colorful history.There is some European influence in the city,and some of the old buildings in Harbin are in Russian style.哈尔滨是黑龙江省省会。这是一个充满色彩的有趣城市，这个城市受到了欧洲的一些影响，哈尔滨的一些老建筑物是俄罗斯建筑的风格。

（18）.In fact,the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago and were welcomed by the Song Emperor.事实上，第一个来开封的犹太人是在一千多年前，在那时受到宋朝皇帝的热烈欢迎。

（18）Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some Asian countries.However,if you do this in Europe,some people might feel uncomfortable.Even in China.It is better to keep your voice down in public places.In fact we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public.Although rules of etiquette can often be different,some rules are the same almost everywhere in the world，For example，dropping litter is almost never allowed.

在一些亚洲国家与你正交谈的人近距离站着是很平常的。不过如果你在欧洲这样做，有一些人会感觉不舒服。甚至在中国，在公共场所最好是压低声音。事实上，如果可能，我们应当注意不要在公共场所大声咳嗽和打喷嚏。尽管礼节的规则市场合不同，但有些规则几乎全世界都一样！例如，乱扔垃圾是不允许的

(19) Gift giving is different in different countries. in japan, people sometimes give special gifts.but they are not https://www.360docs.net/doc/7917612081.html,ter,the same gift may be given away to someone else.in Canada,many people will not give big gifts to someone else.they will pay for a park bench or a tree to help remember a person.in the USA,some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather than buy them gifts.in sweden,doing something for someone is the best gift.people don't need to spend too much money.instead,making a meal is enough 送礼在不同的国家是不

同的。在日本，人们有时送特别的礼物，但是他们不打开。随后，这礼物可能会给其他人。在加拿大，很多人不会送大礼给其他人。他们将会买一条公园长椅或者一棵树来记住某人。在美国，一些人会叫他们的家里人和朋友捐赠钱给慈善机构而不是送礼物。在瑞典，为某人做事是最好的礼物。人们不需要花费太多的钱，取而代之的是做一顿饭就足够了。

（20）Most of us have probaby heard of mickey Mouse ,Donald Duck, and Many other famous Disney characters. pernaps we have even seen them in movies. But have you ever been to Disneyland? In fact, there are now several different Disneyland amusement parks around

the world.

Disneyland is an amusement park, but we can also call it a

theme parkIhe theme, of course, is Disney movies and Disney characters

我们中的大部分人都可能听说过米老鼠，唐老鸭，和其他迪士尼著名角色可能我们在银幕上看到过它们。但是你去过迪士尼乐园吗。实际上，现在世界各地有一些不同的迪士尼乐园。

迪士尼乐园是一个游乐园，但我们也可以叫它主题公园。主题当然是迪士尼电影和角色。

(21) Singapore is a small island in Southeast Asia .On the one hand, more than three quarters of the population are Chinese, so you can simply speak Putonghua a lot of time. On the other hand, Singapore is an English-speaking country, so it's also a good place to practice your English.

In Singapore ,you'll find a lot of food from China you won't have any problem finding rice, noodles, or dumplings. If you're feeling brave, Singapore is an excellent place to try new food. Whether you like Indian food, western food, or Japanese food, you'll find it all in Singapore!

Singapore has a night zoo called the "Night Safari". It might seem strange to go to a zoo when it's dark. But if you've ever been to a zoo during the daytime, you might understand why this zoo is so special. A lot of animals only wake up at night, so this is the best time to watch them. If you go to see lions, tigers, or foxes during the daytime, they'll probably be asleep! At the Night Safari, you can watch these animals in a more natural environment than a normal zoo.

One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round. This is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go whenever you like----spring, summer, autumn, or winter! And, of course, it's not too far from China!

新加坡是位于东南亚的小岛。一方面，超过四分之三的人是中国人，你在大多数时间可以说普通话。另一方面，新加坡是个讲英语的国家，所以那里是你练习英语的好地方。

在新加坡，你能找到很多来自中国的食物；你不难找到米饭、面条或是饺子。然而，如果你够大胆，新加坡是个尝试新食物的好地方。无论你喜欢印度菜还是日本菜，你都可以在新加坡找到.

新加坡有个夜间动物园叫做"Night Safari"（夜间野生动物园）。在夜晚去可能看起来很奇怪。但你只要白天去过你就可能理解这个动物园的奇特之处。大部分动物只在夜间醒来，所以那时是观看它们的最好时间。如果你在白天去看狮子、老虎或是狐狸，它们可能在睡觉！在夜间野生动物园，你可以在比普通动物园更自然的环境下观看这些动物。

在新加坡，很棒的是一年到头温度都大致相同。这时因为这个岛很靠近赤道。所以你可以选择任何你喜欢的时间去——春夏秋或冬！另外，它离中国并不远！。

（22）Yard sale:put some old things out in the yard and sell them

庭院销售：就是把一些旧的东西拿到院子来卖。

（23）Teenagers:Children aged 13-19 青少年的年龄段是13-19岁。

（24）ITTF=International Tanle Tennis Federation 国际乒乓球联合会

（25）UFO=unidentified fiying object 不明飞行物

（26）Greenpeace(绿色和平组织) Cares for “Mother Earth”保护地球

（27）Doctors Without Borders (无国界医生) Helps sick people in poor countries (帮助贫困国家的病人)

（28）UNICEF(联合国儿童基金会) Helps children in poor countries(帮助贫困国家的孩子) （29）WWF=World Wildlife Fund(世界野生动物基金会) Cares for wild animals in danger(拯救处于危险中的动物)

（30）The Football World Cup is held every 4 years in the world.

足球世界杯每四年举办一次。

（31）The Olympic Games is also held every 4 years in the world.

奥林匹克运动会每四年举办一次。