高考代词练习题及答案详解
高考代词练习题及答案详解
一、单项选择代词
1．Normally， a forest fire and the damage _______ causes can be very extensive， especially when you consider the financial and physical losses．
A．which B．that
C．what D．it
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词。句意：通常，森林大火和其引起的破坏可能是巨大的，特别是当你考虑到经济和物质损失时。the damage it causes 其中it causes是定语从句，先行词是damage，在定语从句中做宾语，此处的it代替的是the forest fire。故D选项正确。
2．Jack Ma, the founder and chairman of China’s Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune,
______making him the richest person in China.
A．it B．one C．that D．which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：考查代词。句意：中国阿里巴巴集团创始人兼董事长马云拥有286亿美元的财富，这使他成为中国首富。分析句子结构可知，此处用one代替前面的a $28.6 billion fortune，实际上是它的同位语，后面的making him the richest person in China.是现在分词作后置定语修饰one，注意此处不是非限定性定语从句，如果是非限定定语从句的话应该用makes而不是making，所以不能选which，故选B。
考点：考查代词
3．Mom promised to buy me a nice gift for my next birthday, ______ beyond my imagination. A．which B．that C．something D．the one
【答案】C
【解析】
考查同位语。something beyond my imagination 是 a nice gift 的同位语,补充说明礼物是某种超乎想象的东西。后面句子中没有动词构成不了句子，所以which不能选。the one 指代与gift 是同一个东西的礼物,意思成了“出乎想象的已知的礼物”,与上文的 promised to buy 不符。句意：妈妈承诺我下个生日给我买一个超乎我的想象的好看的礼物。故选C。
4．Don’t __ that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.
A．take as granted B．take this for granted
C．take that for granted D．take it for granted
【解析】
试题分析：考查固定搭配和it用法。动词短语take sth for granted认为...理所当然；排除A 项。在英语中只有it可以作为形式宾语，本句中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的从句that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.句意：不要想当然地认为入学考试成绩好的那些人就会是最成功的。故D正确。
考点：考查固定搭配和it用法
5．Of all the books on the desk, ______ is of any use for our study.
A．nothing B．no one
C．neither D．none
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：前面的“all”提示我们“书不是两本，而是三本及其以上”，故排除C项(指两者都不)。none="none" of the books.“nothing(没有东西)，no one (没有人)”均不符合句意。
考点：不定代词
6．Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has _____of the trouble of taking buses.
A．nothing B．none C．some D．neither
【答案】B
【解析】
考查不定代词。A“什么也没有”；B“一个也没有”，指三者以上的人或物；C“一些”；D“两者都不”。句意“一些人宁愿骑自行车，因为骑自行车没有那些像乘公交车会遇到的麻烦。”这里的troubles 是泛指，表示否定一个用none。故选B。
7．If the product is significantly different from ________ described in the ad, you have every right to complain to the local authority.
A．one B．ones
C．that D．those
【答案】C
【解析】考察指示代词用法。当上文的名词被第二次提到，通常用指示代词that（代指单数名词和不可数名词）或those（代指复数名词）来替代，本句中，用that代指前面提到的the product，为特指，故选C。
8．Heading out on the waters in search of whales is a routine he does, and ________ that, as he hopes, won’t be lost if whale-watching goes the way of so many mass tourism attractions. A．which B．one C．it D．that
【答案】B
考查代词。句意：在水中搜寻鲸鱼是他所做的一件日常工作，一个他希望不会丢失的日常工作，如果鲸鱼观察走的是这么多大众旅游景点的老路的话。此处代指他从事的在水中搜寻鲸鱼的工作，故选B.
9．I got them a grand piano because they like when I come home and play for them．A．one B．it
C．this D．that
【答案】B
【解析】考查it的用法。我给他们买来一架大钢琴，因为他们喜欢我回家的时候为他们演奏。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面when引导的宾语从句。故选B。
【名师点睛】
英语中有些动词像like/dislike/hate/appreciate等后面的宾语从句通常用it做形式宾语，再跟when/if等引导的宾语从句。I hate it when talk with their mouth full of food.本题就是考查it的这种用法。我给他们买来一架大钢琴，因为他们喜欢我回家的时候为他们演奏。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面when引导的宾语从句。故选B。
10．They have done much of the work; when will ________ be finished?
A．the rest B．the other
C．another D．the others
【答案】A
【解析】
答案：A代词用法。the rest可指代前面的不可数名词work, 而其它三项均不可指代不可数名词。
11．Clothing made of man-made fibers has certain advantages over ________ made of natural fibers like cotton, wool or silk.
A．the ones B．one
C．that D．what
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查代词：句意：--人造纤维的衣服比天然纤维象：棉花，羊毛或丝绸制作的衣服有一定的好处。这里填的代词是泛指不可数名词Clothing，用that是特指可数名词单数或不可数名词，而且后面还有后置定语，one是泛指前面的可数名词单数，the ones特指前面的可数名词复数，what可以引导名词性从句，选C。
考点：考查代词
点评：代词首先要弄清它指代的是什么，指代的数量，指代可数名词单数还是不可数名词，泛指还是特指，结合句意和代词本身的用法，再进行辨析。
12．If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, ____ means many more people in the world can enjoy it.
A．as B．which
C．what D．that
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：如果一个优秀的中文小说被翻译成英语，这意味着世界上更多的人可以享受它。If引导的是条件状语从句，后面应该是主句，as，which应该引导非限制性定语从句，what应该名词性从句，这里用那个that做主句的主语，指上文的内容。选D。
考点：考查句式结构
13．The population of China is larger than ________ of the United States.
A．this B．that
C．these D．those
【答案】B
【解析】
考察代词用法。That指代不可数名词或者可数名词单数，后面有定语修饰，表示特指。本句的that指代population; those指代可数名词复数形式，后面也有定语修饰，表示特指。
14．— You seem busy these days.
—Yes. I’m writing a story. You know, it’s really not easy to write ______ with attractive plots. A．this B．it C．one D．that
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：你近些天看起来很忙。是的，我在写故事，你知道，写一个有吸引力的情节的故事不容易。.it／one ／that三者均可用作代词,指代前面提到的名词.一般说来,it指代同名同物; one与that则指代同名异物.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a／an ＋名词; that为特指,相当于the ＋名词.所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a／an ／some ／any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the ／this ／that。前面提到是a story，故选择C。
考点：考查it,one,that用法区别
15．Behind this shop lies a nonprofit organization, ____helping survivors of drug and alcohol addiction, violence and other horrible experiences.
A．one B．the one C．that D．which
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词。句意：这家店的背后是一个非营利性组织，一个帮助吸毒、酗酒、暴力和其他
可怕经历的幸存者的组织。后文中没有谓语动词，故不属于定语从句，不能选择C或者D 选项。且设空处做organization的同位语，表泛指，故不加冠词the，排除B选项。故综上选A。
16．Cars made in China are much cheaper than ________ imported from foreign countries. A．it B．one C．those D．that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查指示代词。句意：中国国内生产的汽车要比从国外进口的便宜的多。根据题意，空格处应是cars，为避免重复，要用代词复数those指代前面的cars。故选C。
17．I’d appreciate ___ if you could come and help me once more and I always appreciate _____ me with my English in the past.
A．this; you to help B．it; your helping
C．it; you to help D．that; you helping
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查it做形式宾语和动名词。句意：如果你能再来帮我一次，我将不胜感激。我一直很感激你过去在英语方面对我的帮助。like, love, appreciate, hate, see to, depend on等词语接从句时，要用 it 作形式宾语。appreciate one’s doing sth“感激某人做某事”为固定短语。故B选项正确。
18．_______ is known to us all that the old scientist, for _______ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.
A．As; whose B．It; who C．As; whom D．It; whom
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：众所周知，这位年老的科学家，过去他的生活很艰难，在他八十多岁时仍然努力工作。It is known to us all that是个固定句型，意思是“众所周知”，这里it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，如果用as的话，as is known to us all后面要用逗号与后面的句子隔开，没有that；第二空中句子包含一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，指人，只能用whom，故选D。
19．Among the ashes were not the bones of a beast, but ________ of a bird.
A．ones B．that C．those D．what
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词用法。句意：在灰烬中的不是野兽的骨头，而是鸟的骨头。A. ones一些；B. that 那个；C. those那些；D. what什么。这里those 指代上文the bones。故选C。
【点睛】
ones泛指，替代前面出现的复数名词。指代上文出现的同类同一的事物。
those特指，替代前面出现的同类名词，但不是同一个物体。相当于the+可数名词复数。
20．-Who can I tum to for help in face of difficulty，Mom？
--My darling，if not___________，anybody else？
A．me B．I C．mine D．myself
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查人称代词宾格。句意：——面对困难我可以向谁寻求帮助，妈妈?——亲爱的，如果不是我，还会有其他人吗?此处是省略句，省略了it is，所以用人称代词宾格。故选A。
21．You may rely on __________ that Jennifer will come and help us if we are in trouble.
A．it B．that C．which D．this
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查形式宾语it的用法。句意：如果我们有困难，你可以相信詹妮弗会来帮助我们。it做形式宾语时，常用于“动词 + prep + it + that-从句”结构，此处用it作rely on的形式宾语，真正宾语为其后的宾语从句。故选A。
【点睛】
能用于“动词 + prep + it + that从句”结构的动词，常见的还有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。
22．________ is believed that heavy smokers are more likely to develop serious illness.
A．As B．It C．Which D．What
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
本题考查it用法。解题步骤：1.确定各选项用法：空格的位置是主语，A. As引导非限制性定语从句；B. It可以作形式主语；C. Which引导主语从句；D. What引导主语从句；2.确定答案：根据believed后面的that可知，这是主语从句后置，前面用形式主语it代替。如果选A，应将that改为逗号，C/D项的话，that前应添加动词。句意：人们认为，烟瘾大的人更容易患重病。故选B。
23．I turned to bookstores and libraries seeking information about the book mentioned in his lecture,but found_____.
A．no one B．none
C．nothing D．anything
【答案】B
【解析】
考查代词。A. no one没有人，指人，通常用who提问；B. none没有人，一个也没有，none是表示数量上的没有，通常用how many提问；C. nothing无物，指物，通常用what 提问；D. anything任何事。句意：我转向书店和图书馆寻找他演讲中提到的那本书的信息，但什么也没找到。此处指数量上一个也没有，故选B。
24．Dancing with the feet is one thing, but dancing with the heart is .
A．one B．other C．others D．another
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词辨析。句意：用脚跳舞是一回事，用心跳舞是另一回事。结合上文Dancing with the feet is one thing中与one形成对照应用another，表示“一个……另一个”，故选D。
【点睛】
another 的用法与语法特点
1. another的主要用法
another主要有两个用法，一是表示“另外一个”，即暗指除这个之外的另外一个，具有不确指性。如：
You’d better try and find another job. 你最好设法另找一份工作。
此句的背景是：“你”现在有一份工作，或已找到一份工作，但由于某种原因不想做，所以要另找一份工作。这里说的“另外一份工作”指的就是“除此之外的另外一份工作”。another的另一个用法是表示“增加的”“额外的”，暗指在原有基础上另增加一个。如：Could I have another piece of bread? 我可以再吃一块面包吗?
此句的背景是：“我”原来已吃了一些面包，现在还想吃一块，即在原来的基础上再额外增加一块。
2. another 的语法特点
another后原则只用于指代或修饰单数可数名词，不用于指代或修饰不可数名词或复数名词，但有一个例外，就是当复数名词前带有数词或few修饰时，其前可以用another修饰。如：
We need another three chairs. 我们还需要三把椅子。
You’d better stay at hospital for another few days. 你最好在医院再住几天。
英语不能说another chairs，但可说another three chairs；不能说another days，但可说another few days，原因就是复数名词chairs, days前带有修饰语three和few。
3. one有时可与another对照使用。如：
One (boy) wanted to read, and another wanted to watch TV. 一个（男孩）想看书，另一个则想看电视。
One day he wanted his lunch early, another day he wanted it late. 他一天要早点吃午饭，另一天又要晚点吃午饭。
25．I hate ____when people shout loudly in public.
A．it B．these C．them D．that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查it做形式宾语。句意：我讨厌人们在公共场合大声喊叫。在enjoy （享受），hate （恨），like（喜欢）， love （爱）等动词之后用it充当形式宾语，在it 后面用宾语从句作真正宾语，故选A。
26．The official made clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem. A．it B．this C．that D．him
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查形式宾语it。句意：该官员明确表示，他将竭尽所能解决问题。固定结构应当是：make it clear that+陈述句。it在此是形式宾语，从句he would do everything possible to solve the problem是真正的宾语。故选A。
27．The mother saw her baby fall to the ground, ________ brought her heart to her mouth. A．it B．and that C．and which D．that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查连词。句意：这个年轻的妈妈看到孩子掉到了地上，把她吓得要命。分析句子可知，逗号前后没有连词，故排除A、D；用and连接两个句子，且在此用that作主语，which表示“哪一个”不合语境。故选B。
28．Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is ________.
A．another B．the other
C．one another D．one
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查代词用法。句意：回收是保护环境的一种方式，重复使用是另一种方式。another的意思是“另一个，又一个”，非特指；the other 的意思是“两者中的另一个”是特指；one another的意思是“互相”；one的意思是“一个”，非特指。此处不是特指，指的是很多种中的另一种，故选A。
29．Shanghai is really a fascinating city and we’ve decided to stay for ______ two weeks. A．another B．other C．the other D．other’s
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词。句意：西安确实是一个迷人的城市，我们已经决定在那里再呆上两周。fascinating迷人的，吸引人的；decide to do决定做某事；the other two weeks另外两周；another意为“再，又”。“another + 数词+名词表示另外再加上……；another two weeks =" two" other / more weeks =" a" further two weeks。根据句意故选A。
30．I’d appreciate _________ if you would like to teach me how to use the expression once more and I always appreciate _________ me with my English in the past.
A．that; you to help B．this; your helping
C．it; you to help D．it; your helping
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查it做形式宾语和动名词。句意：如果你愿意再教我一次如何使用这个表达，我将不胜感激。我也一直感谢你在过去帮助我学习英语。I’d appreciate it if如果可以，我将不胜感激，该句型是固定句型，it做形式宾语，排除A和B，appreciate doing感激做某事。故选D。
2020高考英语考前冲刺语法填空短文改错精准训练 专题03 冠词介词名词代词(含答案)
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高考英语语法专题复习--代词
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一、高考代词考点扫描 代词是英语语法结构中的重要一环，也是高考测试的重点内容之一。纵观历年高考试题，出现频率最高的是不定代词，其次是it用法、疑问代词、反身代词以及人称代词等。本文结合高考试题，对不定代词的易考点进行归纳，以帮助同学们更好地掌握这一语法现象。 1. 名词替代词one, ones, that, those 的区别 one和ones用来代替前面提到过的可数名词,one指代单数,ones指代复数，所替代的是 同名异物，表示泛指，可有前置定语或后置定语，也可单独使用。特指时必须加定冠词the。 that用来代替前面提到过的单数可数名词或不可数名词，不能和冠词连用，其后常有修 饰语。代替可数名词的复数时，用代词those。 【原题再现】 We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made from some wood we had. A. it B. one C. himself D. another 【解析】one替代上文中的cupboard,表示泛指意义;it则用于指代上文提到的原事原物。答案为B。 2. all, both, either, neither, each, none 的用法比较 both, either 和neither 都表示两者，可作主语、宾语和定语。both还可作同位语。neither 表示两者否定;either 表示两者中任何一个，强调个体；both表示”两者都”。 all和none表示三者或三者以上。all表示全部肯定，而none表示全部否定。all可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语；none可作主语、宾语和同位语，但不能作定语。all作主语时，指人时看作复数，指事物时看作单数;none作主语，看作单复数皆可。both, all, each, none作主语同位语时，通常放在行为动词的前面,be动词、助动词和情态动词的后面。all 和both与not连用表示部分否定。 【原题再现】 ①I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but of them came. A. neither B. either C. none D. both 【解析】由but可知，第二句话表示否定意思，对两者的否定用neither。答案为A。 ②I had to buy these books because I didn't know which one was the best. A. both B. none C. neither D. all 【解析】best是最高级形式，表示三者以上。根据句意"因为不知道哪一本最好，我只好把这些书全买下来”可知，答案为D= ③-Do you want tea or coffee? -. I really don't mind. A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 【解析】问话中使用了or,表示让对方选择茶或咖啡，根据答句：I really don't mind. 可知答案应选C。 3. other, the other, another, others 的用法比较
高考英语代词练习
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2020年高考英语词汇语法专题4：代词易错点解题方法
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高考真题考点归纳(4)--代词
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