成人高考(高起点)英语:语音

成人高考(高起点)英语:语音
成人高考(高起点)英语:语音

成人高考(高起点)英语:语音

熟悉英语音素的发音,知道英语字母及常用字母组合在单词中的读音。了解英语的基本语调以及使用语调的规则,并能在实践中运用这些规则。能在简单的日常会话中使用比较自然的语音语调。

成人高考语音知识考题的设置,主要考查考生对单词正确读音的掌握程度,对于成人英语教学中语音的重视有重要的导向作用。考生必须根据大纲要求,能记住单词的拼写、读音;能记住并正确使用大纲规定的语音知识。

语音题为选择题,属客观题。题型设置和比例相对稳定。

鉴于目前语音知识题的考查采取四选一形式,即找出那个读音不同于组内其他划线部分读音的单词,部分考生的应试对策不外乎两种方法。其一是找同类项法。先从四个选项中找出两个把握比较大的选项,若读音相同,则再从剩余选项中找出一个与这两个选项读音相同的项。由于这三个选项读音相同,为同类项,均非答案,那么最后剩下的选项即为该题答案。其二是排除法。也是先从四个选项中找出两个把握比较大的逸项,若读音不同,其中之一必定是答案。再

从其中找出一个熟悉的选项,以确定这两个选项中哪一个是答案,同时排除非答案选项。另外,如果四个选项中有两个或三个,甚至四个疑难项,则只有根据构词法、读音规则或其他因素来进行推理分析,以推断出一个或几个词的读音,用找同类项法或排除法找出答案,这就是推理法。

由于辅音字母及其组合在单词中的读音不受重读音

节的影响,掌握起来相对容易些。因此考生必须牢牢记住辅音字母及其组合的读音规则。在记忆时,可以采取分类记忆的方法。如21个辅音字母中,有16个在单词中的读音一般只有一种读法(省略或同化现象除外)。我们在记忆时可以分为三组。第一组有:b,d,j,k,p,q,v,z,这些辅音字母在单词中,读其名称音的前半部分。如b的名称音为[bi:],在单词中读作[b],例词:border[‘bo:de];第二组有:f,l,m,n,这些辅音字母在单词中,读其名称音的后半部分。如f的名称音为[ef],在单词中读作[f],例词:

frighten[‘fraitn];第三组有:h,r,w,y,这些辅音字母在单词中的读音与其名称音无关,但与汉语拼音却有些相似之处,如w的名称音为[‘dAblju:],而在单词中却读作[w],如:wander [‘wondo]。通过分类记忆,我们很容易记住这l6个辅音字母在单词中的读音。

历届试题对辅音字母和辅音字母组合的考查,主要侧重于有两种或两种以上不同读法的辅音字母(如c,g,s,t,

x等)和辅音字母组合(如ch,gh,th,wh等)的读音辨析。考生复习时要多加注意。可采取从一般到特殊,再从特殊到一般的方法进行记忆。如辅音字母c在单词中的读法,一般有三种:[k],[s],[∫]。c读[k] 的时候居多,一定要牢记。然后再看c读[s]和[∫]的情况,根据有关c的读音规则,C在e,i,y前一般读作[s],而c出现在ia,ie,io 前时,则读作[∫]。通过仔细观察,我们会发现c在元音字母i前时,其读音较难掌握。这恰恰是考查学生掌握程度的切入点。在这种情况下,如果将e读作[∫]的几个词appreciate,ocean,Oceania,socialist,socialism作为特例词而牢牢记住,便会突破难点,使考题的难度大大降低。此外,考生还应注意辅音字母在单词中音的省略或同化。

元音字母和元音字母组合在单词中的读音涉及重读

音节时,考生应能理解,并在理解的基础上加以记忆。考生必须熟练地掌握双音节词和多音节词的音节划分以及重读

音节的判定,适当掌握一些构词法知识,然后再考虑元音字母及其组合的读音。

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