英汉翻译教程自考题 12

英汉翻译教程自考题 12
英汉翻译教程自考题 12

英汉翻译教程自考题-12

(总分:100.00,做题时间:90分钟)

一、{{B}}Ⅰ.Multiple Choice{{/B}}(总题数:0,分数:0.00)

二、{{B}}A.Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best translation of the original statement in terms of meaning and expressiveness.{{/B}}(总题数:10,分数:20.00)

1.A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available.

______

?A.使用化学方法控制昆虫除外,其他有效方法也可使用。

?B.除了不用化学方法控制昆虫外,应该还有其他方法可以使用。

?C.除了使用化学方法控制昆虫以外,还有其他各种奇妙的方法可以使用。

?D.控制昆虫的方法很多,使用化学方法只不过是其中之一也可使用。

(分数:2.00)

A.

B.

C. √

D.

解析:[解析] 本题考查句子强调点的翻译。句子的主干是a truly extraordinary variety of alternatives

is available,强调的是方法的多而不是使用性方面的多,所以排除A项。同时这是肯定的语气而不是猜测揣摩,所以

排除B项,而alternatives to的意思是“除了……还有……”,既符合英文的原意也符合汉语的表达。答案为C。

2.We talked of our plans to wed and start a family, once we were settled in Los Angeles, and we

listened to the rain. ______

?A.我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚,就结婚,开始新的生活。我们议论着,外头还下着雨。

?B.一旦在洛杉矶落住脚,我们就打算结婚,开始新的生活。我们议论着,还听着外头的雨声。

?C.我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚,就结婚,组织家庭。我们一面议论,一面听着外头的雨声。

?D.一旦在洛杉矶落住脚,我们就打算结婚,建立家庭。我们一面议论着,而且一面听着外头的雨声。

(分数:2.00)

A.

B.

C. √

D.

解析:[解析] 本题考查句子中并列动词的翻译。实际上to wed and start a family, once we were settled

in Los Angeles是plan的同位语,即plan的内容,而句子的主干是两个并列的动词,We talked of our

plans and listened to the rain, 汉语中与之相对的是“一面……一面……”或者“一边……一边……”。这样的连

词所连接的句子主语前后应该是一样的,所以是我们一边讨论,一边听着外边的雨声。答案为C。

3.He thought that directly internal confidence in the regime declines, her financial structure

would be in danger. ______

?A.他认为,那直接影响着国内对政府的信心下降,它的财政体制就会出现危机了。

?B.他直截了当地认为,国内对政府的信心下降,其财政结构就要出现危机了。

?C.他认为,一旦国内对政府的信心下降,她的财政体制就会出现危机。?D.他当时认为,只要政府内部失去信心,其金融结构就会瓦解。

(分数:2.00)

A.

B.

C. √

D.

解析:[解析] 本题考查以下几个知识点,对摜物捥汴屹及

inancial structure”的理解,前者是修饰后面出现的结果,后者是财政体制,根据这两点,排除A、B和D。答案为C。

4.James Brindley of Staffordshire started his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill wheels,

at the age of 17, having been born poor in a village. ______

?A.1733年,斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷就在磨坊工作。因为他出身于一个贫困的农村家庭,17岁那年,他便开始了自我奋斗的历程。

?B.斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷1733年就开始了自我奋斗的历程。因为出生在一个贫困的农村家庭,17岁那年,他就在磨坊工作。

?C.斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷,出生在一个贫困的农村家庭,1733年,在他17岁时,靠改良磨坊的水车轮,便开始了自我奋斗的历程。

?D.1733年,斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷,在他17岁时,靠改良磨坊的水车轮,便开始了自我奋斗的历程,他出生在一个贫困的农村家庭。

(分数:2.00)

A.

B.

C. √

D.

解析:[解析] 本题考查对语序的辨别和整个句子结构的理解,当我们第一遍看完句子时,原句告诉我们以下几个信息:人物是斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷,他出生在一个很贫穷的家庭,他那年十七岁,他要创业自我奋斗,他的第一份工作室在磨坊里,工作器具是水车轮。最好的翻译就是将这些信息以某种有机的联系串起来,根据汉语的习惯,我们一般会说某人出生在什么地方,在多大时做什么。根据这个逻辑关系,C项最符合。答案为C。

5.Pompeii, an ancient city on the southwest coast of Italy, was founded in the 7th century B.C.

______

?A.庞贝是意大利西南海岸上的一个古城,建于公元前7世纪。

?B.庞贝,意大利西南海岸上的一个古城,建于公元前7世纪。

?C.庞贝,建于公元前7世纪,是意大利西南海岸上的一个古城。

?D.意大利西南海岸上的一个古城庞贝,建立于公元前7世纪。

(分数:2.00)

A. √

B.

C.

D.

解析:[解析] 根据题干,首先排除D,不符合汉语习惯,读起来生硬。A、B和C三个选项中最合适的是A,因为读起来最通顺,和原句子顺序保持一致。答案为A。

6.中国作为疆域辽阔、人口众多、历史悠久的国家,应该对人类有较大的贡献。______

?A.A country with a vast territory, a big population and a long history, China should make

greater contributions to humanity.

?B.China is a country with a vast territory, a big population and a long history, should

make greater contributions to humanity.

?C.China has a vast territory, a big population and a long history, and thus makes greater contributions to humanity.

?D.As a country, China has not only a vast territory, a big population but also a long

history. Therefore, China should make greater contributions to humanity.

(分数:2.00)

A. √

B.

C.

D.

解析:[解析] 本题考查同位语的翻译。原句的句子主干是“中国应该对人类有较大的贡献”也就是China

should make greater contributions to humanity,剩下的部分都是对中国的修饰,如果把他们都放在China后面,整个句子就会显得结构不紧凑,有点主次不分明、头重脚轻的感觉,这种情况下可以单独用一个句子把这些修饰词分列出来,所以最合适的应该是A项,它开头用一个同位语。答案为A。

7.他睡得很死,连打雷都没有把他惊醒。______

?A.He slept like a log and was not even wakened up by the thunder.

?B.He slept like a log and was not even awakened up by the thunder.

?C.He slept like a log and was not even awoken up by the thunder.

?D.He slept like a log and was not even awakened by the thunder.

(分数:2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D. √

解析:[解析] 本题考查动词的用法。wake up意思为“起床”,是主动的。而be awakened表被动,被吵醒。根据原话的意思,应该是被吵醒,所以用后一个动词,而awake常用作形容词。答案为D。

8.基本路线要管一百年,动摇不得。______

?A.The basic line should manage for a hundred years, with no vacillation.

?B.We should adhere upon the basic line for a hundred years. withno vacillation.

?C.The basic line should govern for a hundred years, with no vacillation.

?D.We should adhere to the basic line for a hundred years, with no vacillation.

(分数:2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D. √

解析:[解析] 本题考查动词和主语的翻译。汉语里面“管”的意思可以理解为坚持,坚持基本路线的主语是我们。由于属于口号性质的句子,其主语是大家都知道的,也可以省略,从而使句子显得更加简练。在翻译的时候要把we翻译出来,而“坚持”用动词adhere,其后跟介词to,这是固定的搭配。答案为D。

9.人们跑来跑去,显然发生了不寻常的事情。______

?A.People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had happened.

?B.People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had happened.

?C.People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had been happened.

?D.People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had been happened.

(分数:2.00)

A.

B. √

C.

D.

解析:[解析] 根据题干,首先排除C和D,因为事情发生是主动时态,而不是被动时态,其次排除A,因为几个分句之间没有连接词,不符合英语语法。答案为B。

10.国家对合营企业不实行国有化和征收。______

?A.The State toward an equity joint venture shall not nationalize or requisition.

?B.The State shall not nationalize or requisition any equity joint venture.

?C.The State towards an equity joint venture will not nationalize or requisition it.

?D.The State will not nationalize or requisition any equity joint venture.

(分数:2.00)

A.

B. √

C.

D.

解析:[解析] 首先排除A和C,因为A和C的译文都是头重脚轻,是汉式英语,其次排除D,因为助动词用得不对,句中并没有表现出用将来时的意思,而且shall可以表示某种倾向性动作。答案为B。

三、{{B}}B.Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement. {{/B}}(总题数:5,分数:10.00)

11.针对鲁迅先生提出的“宁信而不顺”的主张,瞿秋白提出______。

?A.“宁顺而不信”

?B.“信”和“顺”不应对立起来

?C.要容忍“多少的不顺”

?要保存原作的丰姿D.

(分数:2.00)

A.

B. √

C.

D.

解析:

12.杨宪益说:“译者应尽量忠实于原文的形象,既不要夸张,也不要夹带任何别的东西”。他针对的是______。

?A.任何一种翻译

?B.文学翻译

?C.诗歌翻译

?D.汉英翻译

(分数:2.00)

A.

B. √

C.

D.

解析:

13.The theory that the whole is made of the part and the meaning of the part is determined by

that of the whole was raised by ______.

?A.程镇球

?B.费道罗夫

?C.George Steiner

?D.Sol Adler

(分数:2.00)

A. √

B.

C.

D.

解析:

14.我国古代著名的佛经译师______对自己提出的要求是:“既须求真,又须喻俗。”

?A.竺法兰

?B.玄奘

?C.释道安

?D.鸠摩罗什

(分数:2.00)

A.

B. √

C.

D.

解析:

15.“重神似不重形似”,这是______的主张。

?A.严复

?B.林纾

?C.傅雷

?D.周煦良

(分数:2.00)

A.

B.

C. √

D.

解析:

四、{{B}}Ⅱ.Word and Phrase Translation{{/B}}(总题数:0,分数:0.00)

五、{{B}}A.Directions: Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese.

{{/B}}(总题数:10,分数:10.00)

16.international bank lending

(分数:1.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(国际银行借贷)

解析:

17.environmental law

(分数:1.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(环境保护法)

解析:

18.stand up against the sky

(分数:1.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(高耸入云)

解析:

19.irrigated areas

(分数:1.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(灌溉面积)

解析:

20.Geneva

(分数:1.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(日内瓦)

解析:

https://www.360docs.net/doc/7b18745491.html,wful rights and interests

(分数:1.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ )

合法权益(正确答案:

解析:

22.instrument of ratification

(分数:1.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(instrument of ratification)

解析:

23.on behalf of

(分数:1.00)

__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(代表,以……名义)

解析:

24.pitch lake

(分数:1.00)

英汉翻译教程试题

高等教育自学考试冲刺模拟试卷一 (英语专业) 英汉翻译教程(三) Part One I.Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1.For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home. A.对英国来说,我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份把这带到了家。 B.对英国来说,我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织把我们送到了家。 C.对我们英国来说,我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。 D.对我们英国来说,我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份使我们如鱼得水。 2.So now he contrived an eager, ingratiating smile, which he bestowed on Mr. Squires. A.因此他就装出急切的、迷人的笑,并投向史奎尔先生。 B.因此他就装出殷切的、拍马的笑,并把这笑赠予史奎尔先生。 C.因此他就对史奎尔先生装出一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 D.因此他就给史奎尔先生设计了一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 3. People disappear in that river every year, one of the policemen said to me that afternoon, half in dismay, half in frustration. A. 这条河里年年都有人消失,”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 B. 这条河里年年都要死人,”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧,半是失意地对我说。 C. 这条河里年年都要死人,”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 D. 年年都有人消失在这条河里,”当天下午警察中的一个半是沮丧,半是失意地对我说。 4. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase environmental law ” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many lawyers.

汉英翻译教程

汉英翻译教程

第一章 汉英语言对比 相关参考: 翻译教学和研究的经验表明:翻译理论和技巧必须建立在不同语言和文化的对比分析基础上。英汉互译的几项基本原则和技巧,如选词(Diction)、转换(Conversion)、增补(Amplification)、省略(Omission)、重复(Repetition)、替代(Substitution)、变换(Variation)、倒臵(Inversion)、拆离(Division)、缀合(Combination)、阐释(Annotation)、浓缩(Condensation)、重组(Reconstruction),以及时态、语态、语气、习语、术语等的译法,都集中地体现了英汉的不同特点。机器翻译是让计算机按照人们所制定的程序和指令进行不同语言的对比转换,也离不开对比分析。翻译之所以困难,归根结底是因为语言差异和文化差异。因此,对比、分析和归纳这些差异,便是翻译学的重要任务。 不同语言的对比分析不仅有利于教学和翻译,也有助于语言交际。通过对比分析,人们可以进一步认识外语和母语的特性,在进行交际时,能够有意识地注意不同语言各自的表现方法,以顺应这些差异,防止表达错误,避免运用失当,从而达到交际的目的。 ——连淑能,《英汉对比研究》 纪德是最理解莎士比亚的法国作家之一。在他看来,“没有任何作家比莎士比亚更值得翻译”,但同时,“也没有任何作家比他更难翻译,译文更容易走样”。纪德对莎士比亚的理解是双重的,既是精神的,也是语言的。他在与莎士比亚的相遇与相识中,经历了一系列的考验。对他在翻译中经历的这番历史奇遇,他曾在为七星文库出版的《莎士比亚戏剧集》撰写的前言中作了详尽的描述:描述了两种文化与两种语言之间的遭遇,也揭示了翻译中译者所面临的种种障碍。 纪德首先看到的,是语言与文化层面的逻辑性,这涉及到不同语言的思维方法。他说:“莎士比亚很少考虑逻辑性,而我们拉丁文化缺了逻辑性就踉踉跄跄。莎士比亚笔下的形象相互重现,相互推倒。面对如此丰富的形象,我们可怜的译者目瞪口呆。他不愿意对这种绚丽多彩有丝毫遗漏,因此不得不将英文原本中用仅仅一个词表示的暗喻译成一个句子。原来像蛇一样紧紧盘成一团的诗意,如今成了松开的弹簧。翻译成了解释。逻辑倒是很满意,但魅力不再起作用。莎士比亚的诗句飞跃而过的空间,迟缓的熊虫一瘸一拐才能走完。”在紧密的逻辑与丰富的形象之间,英语与法语的天平有所侧重,在两者的遭遇中,译者的无奈与局限源于文化与语言的巨大差异。 头脑清醒的纪德没有丝毫责备英语或莎士比亚的语言的意思,相反,在翻译莎士比亚的戏剧中,他充分意识到了母语的缺陷。他说:“只有在接触外语时,我们才意识到本国语言的缺陷,因此,只会法语的法国人是看不到缺陷的。”他的这一观点与德国作家歌德的观点几乎是一致的。异之于我,可作一明镜,从异中更清楚地照清自身。在这个意义上,与异语文化的接触,有助于认识母语与母语文化的不足。看清了自身的不足,便有可能从异语异文化中去摄取营养,弥补自身,丰富自身。 在艰难的翻译中,纪德亲历了种种障碍,他结合翻译中的具体例证,作了某

英汉翻译基础教程练习问题详解总主编冯庆华

汉英翻译基础教程 第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2) 第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4) 第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9) 第四章动词的翻译 (11) 第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12) 第六章成语的英译 (13) 第七章修辞格的翻译 (17) 笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19) 第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20) 第十章换序和转态译法 (23) 笫十一章断句合句译法 (25) 笫十二章长句的翻译 (27) 第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29) 第十五章风格与翻译 (30) 第十六章语用与翻译 (32)

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 第一节翻译中的选义 一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 二、译出下列词语,注意词语的不同搭配 1. a swarm of bees a brood of chickens a litter of pups 2. a bevy of beautiful ladies a pack of hounds a team of ducks a herd of antelopes 3. unfailing support proactive fiscal policy make effective use of overseas resources 4. make a phone call take a taxi knit a woolen sweater fetch water play basketball spray insecticide 5. basic wage capital construction essential commodity primary industry fundamental interest 三、翻译下列句子,注意画线词语的理解 1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern 2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public. 3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan. 4. Everyone complained against such a practice. 5. They had a dispute at the meeting. 6. You should follow the doctor's advice. 7. They reached a consensus on this issue. 8. There is still some unfinished business to settle. 9. We have consulted him about the matter. 10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now 第二节翻译中的选词 一、翻译下列各句,注意词的选择和搭配。 1. That depends upon circumstances.

王治奎《大学英汉翻译教程》【笔记课后习题及翻译示例汇总考研真题详解】(文学翻译)

第18章文学翻译 18.1 复习笔记 一、文学翻译的标准 对于文学翻译的要求是,“用另一种语言,把原作的艺术意境传达出来,使读者在读译文的时候能够像读原作时一样得到启发、感动和美的感受”。 钱钟书把文学翻译的最高标准概括为一个“化”字。 二、文学翻译的过程 借鉴茅盾的有关解释,把文学翻译过程分为三个阶段: (1) 理解阶段; (2) 印证阶段; (3) 表达阶段。 在表达阶段强调的内容是: (1) 必须使用文学语言; (2) 尽量保持原作风格; (3) 力求内容和形式的辩证统一。 三、文学翻译须使用文学语言 这里仅介绍英文小说翻译的几个侧面:

1. 文学语言具有准确、形象、生动、自然等特征,译者应根据原作的艺术意境和语言特色,在译文里寻找适当的语言形式,使之文情并茂。 Daffodils all along the hedgerow swung like yellow, ruffled birds on their perches. 清风徐徐,沿灌木篱笆旁的水仙花轻轻地摇摆着,颇似栖息的鸟儿掀动着金黄色羽毛。 2. 运用娴熟的汉语,再现人物语言的形象化和个性化,使译文产生“如闻其声,如见其人”的艺术效果。 “Say, some tenderness, that!” This is reference to a smile or a melting glance on the part of a female. “唷,瞧那样多温存!”这说的是一位女性的嫣然一笑,或者回眸传情。 3. 凭借自己的审美体验,深刻理解原作的艺术美,进而形神兼备地再现这种艺术美。 四、加强文学翻译的基本功训练 有兴趣于或有志于从事文学翻译的青年,可在课内外分门别类地选做一些练习,以集中提高某些方面的表述能力。 18.2 课后习题详解 将下列英文译成汉语: 1. One morning, in the fall of 1880, a middle-aged woman, accompanied by a young girl of inquiry as to whether there was anything a- bout the place that she could do. She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and

《新英汉翻译教程》第三章课后答案.doc

is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and simile? 我认为,如果一个人思路不清,他写文章也困惑,如果他喜怒无常的文章就会荒诞不经;如果他思想敏捷,和能,由眼前的事情,他将一百件事情,除非他有很大的自我控制、负荷在文章中隐喻和明喻。 I sincerely hope that your congratulations will be matched by your collective endeavour to seek a just and practical solution to the problem which has bedeviled the United Nations for so many years? 我真诚地希望你的祝贺将相媲美的集体努力追求公正和实际解决问题的困扰,联合国己经多年了。 Culture to him, as to the Orientals3 with whom he lived so much and sympathized so deeply, was an affair of the spirit and of mind not to be measured by material progress, or, even by the arts. 文化,在东方人,和他一起住这么多,深深同情的事情,是灵,可以不可以通过衡量物质进步、或,即使是艺术。 With Asia s economic meltdown rattling the Beijing leadership, Zhu and his colleagues now have a powerful argument that China must get its own house in order to prevent meddling by the International Monetary Fund or other outsiders?(China: Zhu is Taking a Broom to the Bureaucrats 与亚洲经济危机年代震动了北京的领导下,朱和他的同事们现在有一个强有力的论点,中国必须得到它的自己的房子为了防止干涉国际货币基金组织或其他外人。(中国:朱正在一个扫帚官僚扌宜权 that woman walks the streets? 那个妇女常在那些街上走 Bill is taking his bird to the pictures tonight. 比尔今晚带着他的女朋友去看电影。 He is not so ill but that he can come to school ?

大学汉英翻译教程-Note

Chapter one 2012-3-27 ?翻译可分为口译interpretation和笔译translation。 ?Interpretation can be divided into two types: one is consecutive interpretation, another is simultaneous interpretation. ?翻译三原则(George Washington Campbell,Alexander Fraser Tytler) 1.原作的意义、意思 2.原作的思想、精神 3.流畅、通顺 ?翻译方法1.直译literal translation 2.意译free translation 3.音译transliteration ?山雨欲来风满楼The coming events cast their shadows before. 才学最差,叫喊最多The worst wheel of a cart creaks most. 与……狼狈为奸hand in glove with… 乱七八糟at sixes and sevens 千载难逢once in a blue moon 路必有弯,势必有转机It is a long lane that has no turning. 家丑不可外扬It is an ill bird that fouls its own nest. ?The main principles of TRANSLITERA TION 1.准确读音 2.正确拼写姓名拼写中姓与名要空一格首字母要大写eg. Pu Songling 地名拼写中首字母大写不空格eg. Fujian Guangdong Xi’an 一般来说除地名人名之外其他专有名词英译时首字母要大写如汉Han; 一般名词要小写 3.弄清词源有些词需要追溯到最初发音以利于音译eg.菩萨Bodhisattva 4.约定俗成eg. 孙中山Sun Y at-sen 宋庆龄Soong Ching Ling 陈嘉庚Tan Kah Kee 5.准确回译eg. 纽约New Y ork 6.缩略语复原eg. 闽Fujian 武大Wuhan University Chapter two 2012-3-28 ?The classification of CULTURE 1.物质文化material culture 2.制度文化institutional culture 3.心理文化mental culture ?中英思维方式对比 1.中国人注重伦理,英美人注重认知 2.中国人注重整体、偏重综合性思维;英美人注重个体、偏重分析性思维 3.中国人重直觉,英美人重实证 4.中国人重形象思维,英美人重逻辑思维 Chapter three 2012-3-31 ?词语的指称意义与蕴含意义的对比 1.指称意义是词语在交际过程中所表达的字面的最基本的意义,相当于一种约定俗 成的认知 2.蕴含意义的理解与表达eg:His wife was unfaithful to him, and he became a cuckold. 他老婆红杏出墙,给他戴了顶绿帽子。此处注意红和绿。?词语英译与语言语境 1.根据语言语境确定原文词义:“醉心于……”be engrossed in褒be infatuated with 贬 2.根据语言环境选择译文用词:①Mum gave a book as my birthday present .

(完整版)大学英语翻译全教程(完美版)练习与作业

翻译理论与实践课作业 天津科技大学外语学院 作业一:字词的翻译 一、词的理解 1.一词多义: wet She had a wet nurse for the infant Elliot. If you think I am for him, you are all wet. She wet her pants at the news. State state and revolution, state of the union the united states. 3.词义引申:抽象化、具体化 Every life has its roses and thorns. She stood there chewing over the strange thing. The engine sounds good. At 23, he had first learned what it is to be a Negro. 4.词的褒贬:comment Alice was excited as a child, delighted to be once more the center of the comment. But what a comment, she could not help reflecting, on her own charms. He walked around the room. He then stopped and looked around, “comment” ? 5.词的轻重:看词类、看场合、看句型、看习惯等等。Through;free He slept the night through. There is a through train to Beijing. Through this way, they finished the task. She is free with her money. I made her free of my library. 二、词义的表达 1.直译法 dark horse Hot dog Forbidden fruit 暴发户半边天红卫兵 2意译法 blue jacket the yellow leaf Wet blanket 炒鱿鱼下海白拿 3.直译意译结合法 the apple of one’s eye as dull as a goose Once in a blue moon as cool as a cucumber Black sheep as timid as a rabbit 4.音译法

《英汉翻译基础教程》 笔记及习题(篇章翻译)【圣才出品】

第7单元篇章翻译 7.1 复习笔记 语篇通常指一系列连续的语段或句子构成的语言整体。语篇包括“话语”(discourse)和“篇章”(text)。语篇特征为:连贯、衔接,且具有明确的论题结构。 一、衔接 根据Halliday和Hasan的著作《英语中的衔接》,衔接手段大致可分为两种:语法衔接手段(grammatical cohesion)和词汇衔接手段(lexical cohesion)。前者又可以包括指称(reference)、省略(ellipsis)、替代(substitution)和连词(conjunction)。 1. 指代 指代主要分为三类:人称指代、指示指代和比较指代。 英语中,为了实现衔接,一般尽量采用代词指代前面出现的名词。汉语倾向于重复前文出现的名词,或者采用“零式指称”,省略主语。例: My friend looked somewhat ill at ease when he told me this: At the time when he bought this big house, his children had all been at school. Now they had their own homes and jobs. 【译文】朋友有点不好意思地说,买这座房子时,孩子们还在上学,如今都成家立业了。 2. 省略

省略可以分为名词省略、动词省略和小句省略。例: I had many wonderful ideas, but I only put a few into practice. 【译文】我有很多美妙的想法,但是只把少数付诸实践了。 3. 替代 “替代”指用较简短的语言形式替代上文中的某些词语,使行文简练流畅。 (1)名词替代比较常见的是使用one代替前文出现的某个名词。例: Carrie picked out the new abode because of its newness and bright wood—work. It was one of the very new ones supplied with steam heat, which was a great advantage.(Sister Carrie, Dreiser, T) 【译文】嘉莉选中这套新居所,是因为它是新建的,而且房间的木质部分色泽鲜亮,屋里有暖气,这是当时最新的房子才有的。 【分析】原文中,ones替代了abode;译文中,“房子”与其前面的“居所”构成同义词。 (2)动词替代经常是用助动词do的几种形式来代替前文出现的某个动词或动作意义。例: And yet this John Openshaw seems to me to be walking amid even greater perils than did the Sholtos. 【译文】可是在我看来,这个约翰·奥彭肖似乎是正在面临着比舒尔托更大的危险。 【分析】原文中,did替代了walked amid peril;译文中,该处同样进行了省略处理。 (3)小句替代使用指示代词指代前文出现的某一小句或者某一概念。例: “Well, I’ve got twenty-two dollars, but there’s everything to be paid for this

实用汉英翻译教程 参考答案

Beidaihe Seaside Resort The Beidaihe Seaside Resort, a famous summer resort in China, lies 15 kilometers southwest of Qinghuangdao. With the Bohai Sea to its south and the Lianfeng Mountains to its north, the resort enjoys a long coastline, fine beaches and a calm sea, ideal for bathing. Moreover, the weather at the seaside is mild all the year round with the temperature in the hottest month averaging only 23°C. The sea wind by day and the land breeze by night make the place a best summer vacationland. The natural charm of Beidaihe is breathtaking. The East and West Lianfeng Mountains with their luxurious pines and cypresses and grotesque rocks extend far into the distance. In front of the mountains lies a vast expense of ocean stretching to the horizon while beautiful villas and buildings dot the green landscape. On the East Lianfeng Mountain, a rock looks just like a lotus flower, and two other rocks on the West Lianfeng Mountain, standing face to face, resemble two persons having a conversation. Meng Jiangnu Temple Meng Jiangnu Temple, 6.5 kilometers to the east of Shanhaiguan Pass, was first built in 1594, the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty. Legend has it that the husband of a women named Meng Jiangnu was sent to work on the Great Wall. To bring him winter clothes, Meng Jiangnu came to Shanghaiguan Pass from thousands of miles away. When she was told that her husband had died at work, she cried her heart out. Her tears of anguish bust the Great Wall and she jumped into the sea and died. Later, a temple was built in memory of her. It stands on the top of a hill, with stone steps leading to it. There are two halls in the temple. In the front hall stands the clay statue of Meng Jiangnu in plain white clothes, facing the sea with a sorrow look. In the rear hall is the statue of the Goddess of Mercy. Behind the hall is the “Rock of Waiting for the Husband”, the marks on which are said to be Meng Jiangnu’s footp rints. Nearby stands her Dressing Pavilion. Beijing-Toronto Hotel/Jinglun Hotel Beijing-Toronto is located on Jiangguomenwai Avenue, downtown Beijing, in the vicinity of the embassy quarters, Friendship Store and a number of major commercial buildings, with the world-famous Tian An Men Square only ten minutes away. Beijing-Toronto has 659 spacious rooms and suites, with wide comfortable beds. They are all equipped with modern facilities such as central air-conditioning, color TV with satellite transmitted programs, IDD and DDD calls and mini-bars, meeting international standards. In our room, one cannot help but feel cozy, comfortable and satisfied.

英汉翻译教程(三)试题及参考答案

高等教育自学考试冲刺模拟试卷一 (英语专业) 英汉翻译教程(三) Part One Ⅰ. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1. For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home. A. 对英国来说,我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份把这带到了家。 B. 对英国来说,我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织把我们送到了家。 C. 对我们英国来说,我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。 D. 对我们英国来说,我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份使我们如鱼得水。 2. So now he contrived an eager, ingratiating smile, which he bestowed on Mr. Squires. A. 因此他就装出急切的、迷人的笑,并投向史奎尔先生。 B. 因此他就装出殷切的、拍马的笑,并把这笑赠予史奎尔先生。 C. 因此他就对史奎尔先生装出一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 D. 因此他就给史奎尔先生设计了一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 3. “People disappear in that river every year,” one of the policemen said to me that afternoon, half in dismay, half in frustration. A. “这条河里年年都有人消失,”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 B. “这条河里年年都要死人,”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧,半是失意地对我说。 C. “这条河里年年都要死人,”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 D. “年年都有人消失在这条河里,”当天下午警察中的一个半是沮丧,半是失意地对我说。 4. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase “environmental law” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many lawyers. A. 早在六十年代初,“环保法”这个词儿甚至会使许多律师感到纳闷。

英汉互译教程要略

英汉互译教程总复习 1.Joint military exercises have increased in the region, to the detriment of trust between countries. 联合军事演习在本地区有增无减,不利于国家间建立信任。 2.This old man gets up and goes to bed with the sun everyday. 这位老翁每天黎明即起,日落而息。 3.A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again. 附近的天体一旦落入黑洞,就会销声匿迹。 4.我们应该抢时间赶任务。 We should work against the clock. 5.These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings. 这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄。 6.They killed a bottle of Kaoliang between them. 他们二人对酌,把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净。 7.When it came to reading, they were as good as blind. 一拿起书本,他们可都成了睁眼瞎了。 8.Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 9.人们笑贫不笑娼。 People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes. 10. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。 11.They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 他们拼着命地逃跑。 12.People were born survivors. 人的生存能力是与生俱来的。 13.这个环境工程是个“民心工程”。 The environment-friendly project is a “popularity-winning” project. 14. 语言这东西不是随便可以学好的,非下苦功夫不可。 The mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 15. 会议开得冷冷清清,有时甚至开不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such absence of living discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 16. They pay lip-service to education but don’t work for better schools. 他们口惠而实不至,口口声声支持教育,却又不肯为改善学校条件做一些实际工作。 17.Unemployment has stubbornly refused to contract for more than a decade. 失业人数高居不下,已经十多个年头了。 18.有些厕所似乎仍是这次卫生大扫除活动的死角。 Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 19. 这个摊贩叫卖道:“快来买呀,过了这村可没这个店啦。” The street peddler hawked, “Now or never!” 20. Why carry coals to Newcastle? 何必多此一举? 21.You’re just teaching your grandmother how to suck eggs. 你这是在班门弄斧。 22.His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness. 主人对他的冷淡使他更加不自在。 23.I could have laughed to hear him talk like this.

汉英翻译基础教程期末考试总结

第三章名词的抽象和具体译法第一节名词的抽象译法(p68) 粗枝大叶to be crude and careless (with big branches and large leaves) 海阔天空to talk with random( with a vast sea and boundless sky) 灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious (with red lights and green wine) 纸醉金迷of life of luxury and dissipation (with drunken paper and bewitched gold) 单枪匹马to be single-handed in doing sth (with a solitary spear and a single horse) 赤胆忠心ardent loyalty (with red gut and heart) 无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness (to get into every hole) 扬眉吐气to feel proud and elated (to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath) 开门见山to come straight to the point (to open the door and see the mountain) 大张旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale (to make a great array of flags and drums) 风雨飘摇(of a situation) being unstable (the wind and rain are rocking) 二.翻译下列句子 (1)这是他们夫妻之间的事情,你去插一脚干吗? That’s a business of their own, between husband and wife. Why should you get involved in? (2)别人家里鸡零狗碎的事情你都知道得这么全,真是个顺风耳啊! You know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families. You are really well informed. (3)这消息让我出了一身冷汗。 I’m extremely terrified by the news. (4)她毛遂自荐来这所小学做老师。 She volunteered for the teaching post in this primary school. (5)我不敢班门弄斧,诚望您发表高见。 I dare not show off in the presence of(在……面前)an expert. I hope you would be kind enough to enlighten(启发,启蒙)us on this matter. (6)敌军闹得全村鸡犬不宁。 The enemy troops threw the whole village into great disorder. (7)敌军军官听说后路已被切断,吓得目瞪口呆。 The enemy officer was stunned by the news that the route of retreat had been cut off. (8)这些问题盘根错节,三言两语说不清楚。 These problems are too complicated to be explained clearly in a few words.

实用英汉翻译教程答案

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