RedHatLinuxAS4Update5静默安装与升级Oracle10G10203

Red Hat Enterrise Linux4 Update5 环境下静默方安装Oracle10.2.0.1升级到10.2.0.3数据库，并创建数据库

Oracle10G安装

目录

一、检查安装环境： (3)

二、静默安装Oracle10G数据库软件 (9)

三、静默安装监听器： (10)

四、静默升级Oracle10G软件 (10)

五、静默创建Oracle10G数据库 (13)

六、设置oracle服务自启动 (15)

一、检查安装环境：

LinuxAS4Update5在安装时，将所有开发相关的组件全部安装；

[rootlocalhost ~]# rpm -q binutils compat-db control-center gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common gnome-libs libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat xscreensaver libaio

binutils-2.15.92.0.2-22

compat-db-4.1.25-9

control-center-2.8.0-12.rhel4.5

gcc-3.4.6-8

gcc-c++-3.4.6-8

glibc-2.3.4-2.36

glibc-common-2.3.4-2.36

gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1

libstdc++-3.4.6-8

libstdc++-devel-3.4.6-8

make-3.80-6.EL4

pdksh-5.2.14-30.3

package sysstat is not installed

xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.13

libaio-0.3.105-2

[rootlocalhost ~]#

sysstat没有安装，在安装盘4中的\RedHat\RPMS\下找到

sysstat-5.0.5-14.rhel4.i386.rpm，上传至LINUX机器并安装

[rootlocalhost ~]# rpm -Uvh sysstat-5.0.5-14.rhel4.i386.rpm

warning: sysstat-5.0.5-14.rhel4.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID db42a60e

Preparing... ########################################### [100%]

1:sysstat ########################################### [100%]

[rootlocalhost ~]#

安装后检查：

[rootlocalhost ~]# rpm -q sysstat

sysstat-5.0.5-14.rhel4

[rootlocalhost ~]#

安装成功！

判断本机是否安装过oracle：

[rootlocalhost ~]# more /etc/oraInst.loc

/etc/oraInst.loc: No such file or directory

[rootlocalhost ~]#

表示没有安装过oracle

创建安装Oracle需要的用户和组：

[rootlocalhost ~]# groupadd oinstall

[rootlocalhost ~]# groupadd dba

[rootlocalhost ~]# useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle [rootlocalhost ~]#

设置oracle用户密码，这里设置为“oracle”

[rootlocalhost ~]# passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.

New UNIX password:

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new UNIX password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [rootlocalhost ~]#

创建安装oracle所需的目录：

[rootlocalhost ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/db_1 [rootlocalhost ~]# chown oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle [rootlocalhost ~]# chown oracle.oinstall /u01/app/oracle/db_1 [rootlocalhost ~]#

配置Linux系统核参数：

[rootlocalhost ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

修改或添加以下参数：

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 256000000

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 1048576

net.core.rmem_max = 1048576

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

注：一般而言我们只需要修改kernel.shmmax 这个值，该参数应该是物理存的一半(字节)

编辑完之后存盘退出，然后运行下列命令重新加载并验证参数是否正确：

[rootlocalhost ~]# sysctl -p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

kernel.sysrq = 0

kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 256000000

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

fs.file-max = 65536

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000

net.core.rmem_default = 1048576

net.core.rmem_max = 1048576

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 262144

[rootlocalhost ~]#

Oracle建议对每个Linux账户可以使用的进程数和打开的文件数设置限制（可选设置）打开文件limits.conf

[rootlocalhost ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

加入以下参数：

* soft nproc 2047

* hard nproc 16384

* soft nofile 1024

* hard nofile 65536

修改/etc/pam.d/login文件

[rootlocalhost ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login

加入参数：

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

[rootlocalhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config

确保存在以下容：

SELINUX=disabled

配置oracle 用户的环境变量

[rootlocalhost ~]# su - oracle

[oraclelocalhost ~]$ vi .bash_profile

文件容修改为：

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

. ~/.bashrc

fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

# Oracle Environment

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export PATH=$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK"

export PATH

unset USERNAME

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

fi

fi

到此，安装Oracle的准备工作基本完成，下一步，可以选择图形界面安装或静默安装方式，这里使用静默安装方式：

二、静默安装Oracle10G数据库软件

修改响应文件：

[oraclelocalhost database]$ cd response/

[oraclelocalhost response]$ vi enterprise.rsp

修改必要的参数

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=”oinstall”

FROM_LOCATION="../stage/products.xml"

ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/db_1"

ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDbHome1"

RESTART_SYSTEM=false

RESTART_REMOTE_SYSTEM=false

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost

COMPONENT_LANGUAGES={"zh_CN"}

s_nameForDBAGrp="dba"

n_configurationOption=3

回到Oracle10G的安装程序目录，开始安装：

[oraclelocalhost database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile

/home/oracle/database/response/enterprise.rsp

安装完成后，执行两个脚本（使用root用户）：

#. $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

#. $ORACLE_HOME/root.sh

三、静默安装监听器：

安装网络监听器

没有网络监听器，客户端就无法通过网络连接Oralce服务器。要在命令行安装网络监听器，也只能使用静默模式。

编辑Oracle安装目录里response子目录下的应答文件 netca.rsp，修改以下项目。INSTALL_TYPE=""custom""安装的类型

LISTENER_NUMBER=1监听器数量

LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}监听器的名称列表

LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}监听器使用的通讯协议列表

LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""监听器启动的名称

然后执行：

[oraclelocalhost response]$ netca /silent /responseFile

/home/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp

四、静默升级Oracle10G软件

进入补丁包安装目录

# cd /root/Disk1/response

修改响应文件：patchset.rsp

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=”oinstall”

FROM_LOCATION="../stage/products.xml"

ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/db_1"

ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDbHome1"

RESTART_SYSTEM=false

COMPONENT_LANGUAGES={"zh_CN"}

修改后回到补丁程序目录执行：

[oraclelocalhost response]$ cd ..

[oraclelocalhost Disk1]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile

/home/oracle/Disk1/response/patchset.rsp

安装成功后，会提示：

.... 100% Done. Setup successful

End of install phases.(Thu Jun 04 18:47:05 CST 2009)

Starting to execute configuration assistants

[oraclelocalhost Disk1]$ Configuration assistant "Oneoff Patch Application" succeeded

WARNING:

The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user. #!/bin/sh

#Root script to run

/u01/app/oracle/db_1/root.sh

To execute the configuration scripts:

1. Open a terminal window

2. Log in as "root"

3. Run the scripts

The installation of Oracle Database 10g Release 2 Patch Set 2 was successful.

Please check

'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2009-06-04_06-43-40PM.log' for more details.

使用root用户登录，执行：/u01/app/oracle/db_1/root.sh

[rootlocalhost db_1]# ./root.sh

Running Oracle10 root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n) [n]: y

Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

The file "oraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n) [n]: y

Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

The file "coraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)

[n]: y

Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

[rootlocalhost db_1]#

五、静默创建Oracle10G数据库

修改响应文件

编辑Oracle安装目录里response子目录下的应答文件 dbca.rsp OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"

GDBNAME = "orcl"

SID = "orcl"

SYSPASSWORD = "sys"

SYSTEMPASSWORD = "system"

CHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"

TEMPLATENAME =

"/u01/app/oracle/db_1/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc" EMCONFIGURATION = "LOCAL"

SYSMANPASSWORD = "sysman"

DBSNMPPASSWORD = "dbsnmp"

执行：

[oraclelocalhost response]$ dbca -silent -responseFile

/home/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp

Copying database files

1% complete

3% complete

11% complete

18% complete

26% complete

37% complete

Creating and starting Oracle instance

40% complete

45% complete

50% complete

55% complete

56% complete

60% complete

62% complete

Completing Database Creation

66% complete

70% complete

73% complete

85% complete

96% complete

100% complete

Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/db_1/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.

[oraclelocalhost response]$

数据库创建成功后须要注册一些信息，运行

$ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

然后编辑 /etc/oratab

将

::N

修改为

::Y

安装完成！

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

启动数据库服务,sys用户登录SQLPLUS：

Sql>startup

启动监听器：

[oraclelocalhost ~]$lsnrctl start

启动企业管理器服务

[oraclelocalhost ~]$emctl start dbconsole

访问地址为：IP:1158/em/

如果有多个实例，则从第二个实例开始，访问的端口依次为5500、5501……

如需使用iSQL*PLUS，则启动相应服务

[oraclelocalhost ~]$isqlplusctl start

访问地址为：IP:5560/isqlplus

六、设置oracle服务自启动

在oracle用户下修改文件$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart

查找ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=

改为ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

在root用户下编辑文件

# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d/

# vi oradb

写入如下文件容：

#!/bin/bash

# chkconfig: 345 99 10

# description: Startup Script for Oracle Databases

# /etc/rc.d/init.d/dbstart

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/db_1

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

ORA_OWNR="oracle"

# if the executables do not exist -- display error

if [ ! -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart -o ! -d $ORACLE_HOME ] then

echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"

exit 1

fi

# depending on parameter -- startup, shutdown, restart

# of the instance and listener or usage display

case "$1" in

start)

# Oracle listener and instance startup

echo -n "Starting Oracle: "

su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart"

touch /var/lock/Oracle

su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole" su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/isqlplusctrl start" echo "OK"

;;

stop)

# Oracle listener and instance shutdown

echo -n "Shutdown Oracle: "

su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole" su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/isqlplusctrl stop"

su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut"

su - $ORA_OWNR -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"

rm -f /var/lock/Oracle

echo "OK"

;;

reload|restart)

$0 stop

$0 start

;;

*)

echo "Usage: `basename $0` start|stop|restart|reload"

exit 1

esac

exit 0

保存后退出

#chown Oracle.oinstall /etc/rc.d/init.d/oradb #chmod 775 /etc/rc.d/init.d/oradb

然后执行：

chkconfig --add oradb

chkconfig --list oradb

启动服务：service oradb start

停止服务：service oradb stop