中科院考博英语大全之词汇总结 (1)

A

1. adapt adept adopt

adapt vt.使适应；使适合

He adapted himself to the cold weather.

When he moved to Canada, the children adapted to the change very well.

adept adj.（与at, in 连用）熟练的；精通的n. 内行；老手

She was adept at the fine art of irritating people. adopt vt.收养;采取;采用

They adopted our methods.

正式通过；采纳

The resolution was adopted by a vote of 180 in favour to 10 against it.

2.adopted adoptive

adopted adj.被收养的，被采纳的

an adopted child/an adopted advice

adoptive adj.收养（孩子）的

an adoptive mother

3.averse adverse

averse adj.（常与to 连用）嫌恶的

I am not averse to a dance party and a good mean after a week's hard work.

The minister is averse to/from flattery. adverse adj.不利的；相反的

an adverse decision

Adverse circumstances compelled him to close his business.

4 affection affectation

affection n.友爱, 爱情, 影响, 疾病, 倾向affectation n.假装, 虚饰, 做作

5.altitude attitude aptitude latitude longitude multitude

altitude

（海拔）高度-At high altitudes of Tibet it is difficult to breathe.

高处-The plane flew at an altitude of 20000 metres.

attitude n.姿势;态度-People's attitude towards the skyscrapers varies widely.

看法；意见-What is the Municipal Authority's attitude to the proposal of a tunnel across the river?

What's the authorities' attitude towards this discord?

aptitude n.能力；才能；天资

latitude n.纬度, 范围, (用复数)地区, 行动或言论的;自由(范围)

longitude n.经度, 经线

multitude n.多数, 群众

6.angle angel

angle

n.角；角度-a right angle

角落；墙角；棱角

观点；看法；看问题的角度

to consider all angles of the question

The professor angled his report to suit the audience he was speaking to.

vt.转动一个角度-to angle a camera

带成见地描述（某事）

He angles his reports to please his editor in chief.

用钩和钓钓鱼

He is keen on angling.

（与for 连用）运用手段获得，攫取

angel

n.天使；守护神；仁慈、漂亮的女人

7.announce denounce renounce pronounce announce

vt.通告；宣布，宣告；发表

The captain announced that the plane was going to land.

The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain. denounce vt.告发；揭发；斥责

renounce vt.正式放弃

He renounced his claim to the property.

宣布断绝关系

He renounced his religion.

pronounce

vt., vi.发音；发出…音

How do you pronounce c-l-e-r-k?

宣称；宣告；断言

The expert pronounced the picture to be a forgery.

The priest pronounced them man and wife. Everyone pronounced the party to be very good. （常与on, for, against, in favor of 连用）〈法〉

宣判

The judge pronounced sentence on the prisoner.

8. annual annul

annual

adj.每年的；一年一次的-an annual event annul

vt.取消，废除（婚姻、契约等）abolish/abolition; abrogate/abrogation

9.apposite opposite

apposite

adj. 适当的

opposite

adj.相对的, 对面的, 对立的, 相反的, 对等的,

应的

n.相反的事物

10 appraise apprise praise appraise

vt.评估，评价，鉴定

apprise

vt.通知；告知

She was apprised of our arrival.

The secretary came to apprise us that the erection of the monster machine had been successfully completed.

praise

vt.赞美；赞扬；歌颂；赞颂

She praised her daughter's hard work.

11.apprehensive comprehensive apprehensive

adj.忧虑的；担心的-apprehensive for sb.'s safety

comprehensive

adj.全面的；广泛的；包含内容多的；详尽的The state government gave a very comprehensive explanation of its plans for the development of electronic industry.

12 argument augment

argument

n.争论, 辩论, 论据, 论点, ～(for,against),意见

augment

vt., vi.增大；增加

13. ascribe describe prescribe subscribe inscribe proscribe

ascribe vt.归因于, 归咎于

describe vt.描写, 记述, 形容, 形容v.描述prescribe vt., vi.`开药方；处方；命令；规定The law prescribes what should be done.

What punishment does the law prescribe for corruption?

The doctor prescribed total abstinence.

subscribe

vt., vi.（常与to, for 连用）捐款；捐助；订购（报纸、杂志等）

（常与to 连用）同意，赞同

inscribe

vt.（常与in, on, with 连用）题写；铭刻

She inscribed her own name on the textbook. （常与to 连用）题名

This book I inscribe to my old

comrades-in-arms.

proscribe vt.禁止

14. assent ascent concent/decent

assent

vi.（常与to 连用）同意

ascent

n.上升, (地位, 声望等的)提高, 攀登, 上坡路15 dissent descent decent

dissent

vi.

（常与from 连用）持异议；不同意；意见不一致

He and I dissented from each other in choosing a suitable candidate.

descent

n.

下降；下滑；降下；下来

血统；遗传

He traces his descent from an old Norman family.

decent

adj

体面的合适的

16. assume resume consume presume

英语部分

269/1359

assume vt.

假定；假设

I assume you always get up at the same time.

采用；承担

to assume new duties

resume

n.

摘要, 概略, <美> 履历

vt.

再继续, 重新开始, 重新占用, 再用, 恢复consume

vt., vi.

吃，喝

消耗；消费；花费

His old car consumed much gasoline.

毁灭；烧毁

The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighbourhood. presume

vt., vi.

（常与that 连用）假定；假设；认为

I presume from your speech that you are a foreigner.

You must presume no such thing.

当作；姑且认为

If a person is missing for 7 years, he is presumed dead.

（常与to + inf 连用）放肆；擅作主张

A servant ought not to presume.

（与on, upon 连用）指望；寄希望于…

We must not presume too mush on the reliability of such sources.

17 avocation vocation vacation avocation

n.

(个人)副业, 业余爱好

vocation

n.

职业；行业

天职；使命

vacation

n.

假期

I worked in a small beachside restaurant during the college vacation.

18 authentic authoritative

authentic

真实的：与事实相符并且值得相信、信赖的：an authentic account by an eyewitness. 真正的：有着经证实的来源或创作者的；非伪造的或非复制的：

英语部分

270/1359

an authentic medieval sword.

一把真正的中世纪剑authoritative

adj.（形容词）

官方的：有着或由政府发起的；官方的：

an authoritative decree; authoritative sources.

权威性的：拥有公认的精确性或优秀性的；极可信赖的：

an authoritative account of the revolution.

专断的：行使权力的；命令的：

the captain's authoritative manner.

19 adjoin adjacent adjourn

adjoin

vt.

毗连；临近；贴近

Our house adjoins theirs.

adjacent

adj.

(与to 连用）

相邻的，邻近的

adjourn

vt., vi.

延期；休会，会议暂停

The meeting will be adjourned till next Wednesday.

20 admire admiral

admire

v.

赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕

admiral

n.

海军上将, 舰队司令, 旗舰

21 adore adorn

adore

vt.

崇拜

敬爱；敬重

非常喜欢

He adores the cinema.

She adores going to the volleyball ma tch. adorn

vt.

装饰

She likes to adorn herself with jewels. 增加…的重要性或吸引力

He tried to adorn his story with a lot of lies

22. appliance applicant application appliance

n.

用具, 器具

英语部分271/1359

applicant

n.

申请者, 请求者

application

n.

请求, 申请, 申请表, 应用, 运用

23 alley ally

alley

n.

小路, 巷, (花园里两边有树篱的)小径

ally

v.

结盟, 与...(在血统, 性质等上)有关联, 同盟

n.

同盟国, 支持者

24 accession access

accession

n.

就职, 就任, 添加, 增加

access

n.

通路, 访问, 入门

vt.

存取, 接近

B

1. bull bully

bull

n.

公牛, 粗壮如牛的人

乐观进取的人

胡扯；废话

bully

vt.

威吓；欺侮；以强凌弱

He's always bullying smaller boys.

2.bandage bondage

bandage n 绷带

bondage n 奴役，束缚

3.bread bead

bread n 面包

4.bump dump jump hump lump plum

p

pump

bump

n.

撞击, 肿块

英语部分

272/1359

bead n 水珠、珠子；祈祷

v.

碰(伤), 撞(破), 颠簸dump

vt.

倾倒(垃圾), 倾卸

n.

堆存处

jump

n.

跳跃, 上涨, 惊跳

vt.

跳跃, 跃过, 突升, 使跳跃vi.

跳跃, 暴涨

hump

n.

驼峰, 驼背, 小园丘, 峰丘v.

(使)隆起, 弓起

lump

n.

块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人vt.

使成块状, 混在一起. plump

adj.

圆胖的, 丰满的, 鼓起的

vt.

突然放下, 使丰满, 使鼓起

vi.

变丰满, 鼓起

pump

n.

泵, 抽水机

vt.

(用泵)抽(水), 抽吸

5.beach breach bleach

beach

n.

海滨；湖滨；河滩

The little beach hotel has a pleasant ambien

breach

n.

（常与of 连用）违背；不履行；破坏

in breach of contract

Your company is in breach of the contract. bleach

vt., vi.

使变白

Did you bleach this tablecloth?

英语部分

273/1359

bead n 珠子, 水珠 vt 祈祷6.bride bribe

bride n 新娘

bribe n vt 贿赂

boom broom

boom n.v 繁荣兴旺

broom n 扫帚

buffet buffer

buffet

n.餐具柜, 小卖部, 殴打, 打击vt ①连续地打击②搏斗

buffer

vt 缓冲、缓和

C

1. censor censure

censor

n.

检查员

vt.

检查, 审查

censure

v.

责难

n.

责难

2. cession session

cession

n.

割让, 转让, [律]让与(他人)债权session

n.

（官方机构的）会议，会期，开会期

The general session approved the report of the

investigation committee.

学期；大学的学期

3. clash crush crash

clash

n.

冲突, 撞击声, 抵触

the clash of weapons

clash of interests

a clash with the police

I failed to go to her wedding because it clashed

with my examination.

英语部分

274/1359

战斗

It is broadcast that the two armies clashed

near the borderline again before dawn. vi., vt.

冲突

The enemy armies clashed.

（事情）在时间上相冲突It's a pity the two concerts clash. （常与with 连用）（色彩）不协调

This shirt clashes with your trousers. crush

vt., vi.

压碎；压坏；碾碎

挤压；塞

to crush one's way through the crowd 破坏；镇压；压服

to crush all opposition

crash

n.

碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, 撞击声, 爆裂声

v.

碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, (指商业公司, 政府等) 破产, 垮台

4. classic classical

classic

n.

杰作, 名著

adj.

第一流的

classical

adj.

古典的, 正统派的, 古典文学的

5. clench clinch

clench

vt., vi.

紧合；咬紧（牙关）；捏紧（拳头）

She clenched her teeth when she was operated

on.

紧握；抓牢

The girl clenched her money in her hand. clinch

vt., vi.

敲弯钉头钉牢；钉住

把（木头）钉牢在一起

确定；决定（贸易等）；达成买卖或合同

The two companies clinched the deal quickly.

The offer of more money clinched it for her.

She agree to undertake the job as the assistant

to the managing director.

6.coarse hoarse roar

英语部分

275/1359

coarse

adj.

粗的；粗糙的；未精炼的（表面）不光滑的；粗织的

coarse cloth

粗鲁的；鲁莽的；不礼貌的

coarse talk

hoarse

adj.

嘶哑的

His voice was hoarse after talking for an hour.

roar

n.

吼声；咆哮声

the roar of an angry lion

The lion gave a loud roar.

7. canvass canvas

canvas

n.

粗帆布

一块油画布

The young artist showed me his recent canvases.

canvass

n.

细查, 讨论, 劝诱

vt.

彻底检查, 细究, 向...拉票或拉生意, 讨论

vi.

游说, 拉选票

8. cannon canon

cannon

n.

加农炮；大炮

canon

n.

教规，宗教法规

9. credible credulous

credible

adj.

可信的；可靠的

credulous

adj.

轻信别人的

10 continual continuous

continual

adj.

over and over again; regular but interrupted;

连续的

Recently the young couple have continual arguments with each other for trifles. 英语部分

276/1359

continuous adj.

不断的

continuing without stopping ;ceaseless continuous rain all day

7.collide collude

collide

vi.

互撞；碰撞；（车、船等）猛撞

The two trains collided.

冲突；反对；强烈抵触(with)

collude

vi.

共谋；勾结；串通(with)

8. comment commend

comment

n.

注释, 评论, 意见

vi.

注释, 评论(on )

commend

vt.

称赞, 表扬, 推荐, 委托, 吸引

9. compel expel propel repel

compel

vt.

强迫, 迫使

expel

vt

赶走：驱逐或把…赶出去：

expel an invader.

排出：从容器里或象从容器里释放：

被迫离开；把…除名：

expelled the student from college for cheating.See Synonyms at eject

propel

vt.

推进，推动

驱策

repel

vt.

击退；逐退

to repel an attack

使厌恶；使反感

His accent repels me.

10 contemporary temporary contemporary

n.

同时代的人

adj.

当代的, 同时代的

英语部分

277/1359 temporary

adj.

暂时的, 临时的, 临时性

11. contemptuous contemptible contemptuous

adj.

（常与of 连用）表示轻蔑的；傲慢的

a contemptuous look

contemptible

adj.

卑劣的

It was contemptible of him to speak like that

about a respectable teacher!

It was a contemptible trick to tell lies and

play on an old friend!

12 confer infer refer prefer defer confer

vt.

授予(称号、学位等)on, 赠与, 把...赠与, 协议

v.

协商, 交换意见(on)

The engineers and technicians are still conferring on the unexpected accident.

infer

vt.

推断；推知；推论

to infer an unknown fact from a known fact I infer from your letter that you have not made up your mind yet.

refer

vt., vi.

（常与to 连用）

涉及；提到

针对；有关

The new law does not refer to farm land. 提交；交付

The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers.

prefer

vt.

（常与to 连用）更喜欢；宁愿

to prefer coffee to t

Which of these two dresses do you prefer? defer

vt.

推迟；延期

vt.

（与to 连用）服从；顺从

Do you always defer to your parents wishes?

13. consequent subsequent

consequent

adj.

作为结果的

subsequent

adj.

随后的，后来的；继起的

14 conventional convenient conventional

adj.

惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的convenient

adj.

便利的, 方便的

英语部分

278/1359

15. confidant confidante confident co nfidential

confidant

n.

知己男友

confidante

n.

知己的女友

confident

adj.

确信的；有信心的；自信的

Peter is confident of winning the post as the

assistant to the managing director. confidential

adj.

机密的；秘密的

a confidential order

参与机密的；视为心腹的

a confidential secretary

16. convert divert invert revert

reverse

convert

vt.

（常与into 连用）转变；变换

to convert an old house into a new o That building has been converted into a school.

兑换

I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars.

改变信仰、党派或意见等

She managed to convert him to her opinion. divert

vt.

转向；转移A ditch diverted water from the stream into the

fields.

Traffic was ordered to divert to another road

because of the repair of the main road. The government is planning to divert the river

to supply water to the town.

A loud noise from the street diverted my attention.

invert

vt.

置于相反位置；上下倒置

The little boy caught the insect by inverting

the cup over it.

revert

vi.

（与to 连用）恢复原状；回复；回到（原来话题）

（财产等）归复，归还

reverse

vt.

倒退；倒转

He reversed the car.

翻转

She reversed the paper.

改变；使成相反的东西

He reversed the judgment and set the prisoner

free after all.

17 counsel consul council

counsel

n.

讨论, 商议, 辩护律师

英语部分

279/1359

vt.

劝告, 忠告

consul

n.

领事

council

n.

政务会, 理事会, 委员会, 参议会, 讨论会议, 顾问班子, 立法班子

18 conscious conscientious

conscious

adj.

有意识的；神志清醒的

He is hurt but still conscious. 了解的；察觉的

She was not conscious of his presence in the

room.

刻意的：故意设计或做的；刻意的：

a conscious insult; made a conscious effort

to speak more clearly。

conscientious

adj.

凭良心的；谨慎的；尽责的

a conscientious piece of work

Be conscientious and make a good job of publishing.

19 cosmic comic

cosmic

adj.

宇宙的

comic

n.

滑稽演员

adj.

滑稽的, 喜剧的

20 commerce commence

commerce

n.

商业

commence

v.

开始, 着手

21 complexion complex

complexion

n.

面色, 肤色, 情况, 局面

complex

adj.

复杂的, 合成的, 综合的

22. compulsive compulsory

compulsive

adj.

强制的, 强迫的, 由强迫产生的, 禁不住的compulsory

adj.

必需做的, 必修的, 被强迫的, 被强制的, 义务的

D

英语部分

280/1359

1. decease disease

decease

n.

vi.死亡disease

n.

疾病, 弊病

2. definite definitive definite

adj.

明确的, 一定的

definitive

adj.

最后的, 确定的, 权威性的3. desert dessert desert

n.

沙漠, 应得的赏罚, 功过adj.

沙漠的, 不毛的, 荒凉的vt.

放弃, 遗弃, 逃跑

vi.

逃掉, 逃亡, 开小差dessert

n.

餐后甜点

4. desirable desirous desirable

adj.

值得做的；值得想望的；值得弄到手的

It is most desirable that he should attend the

conference.

desirous

adj.

（与of 连用）渴望的，想…的

5. diary dairy

diary

n.

日记

dairy

n.

牛奶场, 奶品场, 售牛奶, 奶油

6.

diploma diplomat diplomacy diploma

tic

diploma

n.

文凭, 毕业证书, 证明权力、特权、荣誉等的证书, 奖状

diplomat

n.

外交官, 有外交手腕的人, 有权谋的人diplomacy

n

外交

diplomatic adj.

外交的, 老练的

英语部分

281/1359

7.disclaim reclaim exclaim proclaim acclaim claim

disclaim

v.

放弃, 弃权, 拒绝

reclaim

vt.

要求归还, 收回, 开垦

exclaim

v.

呼喊, 惊叫, 大声叫

proclaim

vt.

宣布, 声明, 显示, 显露

acclaim

vt.

欢呼

欢呼着拥戴；欢呼着同意

claim

n.

(根据权利提出)要求, 要求权, 主张, 要求而得到的东西

vt.

(根据权利)要求, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要8. discreet discrete

discreet

adj.

小心的, 慎重的, 有思虑的, 贤明的discrete

adj.

离散的；分立的；不连续的

9. distinct distinctive

distinct

adj.

清楚的, 明显的, 截然不同的, 独_$___-_*特的

distinctive

adj.

与众不同的, 有特色的

10. dona te denote

donate

v.

捐赠, 赠予

denote

vt.

指示, 表示

11. dwindle bewilder

dwindle

v. 缩小

bewilder

vt.

使迷惑, 使不知所措, 使昏乱

12 dual duel

dual

adj.

双的, 二重的, 双重

英语部分

282/1359

duel

n.

决斗

两个人争斗；争辩；双方抗争

13 disinterested uninterested disinterested

adj.

公正无私的；无偏见的；客观的

His action was not altogether disinterested.

uninterested

adj.

不感兴趣的

Settle your own argument - I'm quite uninterested!

14 dissemble disassemble

dissemble

vt., vi.

隐藏，掩饰（思想、感情等）

disassemble

vt.

解开, 分解

E

1. eradicate erase

eradicate

vt

根除：连根撕碎

清除，扑灭，根绝：象连根拔起一样消灭：Their goal was to eradicate poverty. erase

vt

擦掉，抹掉：通过用橡皮涂抹或刮除（写的字迹或图形等）

删除：从磁带或其它存储介质上消除掉（记录的信息）：

erased a file from the diskette.

erased the videocassette.

使忘却：象涂抹掉一样消除、消灭：

had to erase all thoughts of failure from his

mind.

2. elicit illicit explicit elite implicit elicit

vt

诱出，引出（事实等）

illicit

adj.

违法的

explicit

adj.

清楚的, 明确的

elite

n.

精英

implicit

adj.

暗示的, 含蓄的,

绝对的，完全的

英语部分

283/1359

3.eligible illegible

eligible

adj.

符合条件的, 合格的

Are you eligible to join this club

I know an eligible young lady who would be an excellent cooperator for you. illegible

adj.

难辨认的, 字迹模糊的

4.emergence emergency

emergence

n.

出现

显露，暴露

emergency

n.

紧急情况, 突然事件, 非常时刻, 紧急事件

5.eminent imminent element elimina

te

eminent

adj.

显赫的, 杰出的, 有名的, 优良的imminent

adj.

即将来临的, 逼近的

element

n.

要素, 元素, 成分, 元件, 自然环境eliminate

vt.

排除, 消除

v.

除去

6. erotic exotic erotic

adj.色情的

n.

好色之徒

exotic

adj.

外来的，外国来的

异乎寻常的

an exotic purple bird

7.exalt exult

exalt

vt.

赞扬；歌颂

提升；晋升

exult

vi.

狂喜；欢跃

The people exulted at the victory.

The people all over the country exulted in the

success in launching a new satellite. 8. exhaustive exhausted xhausting

英语部分

284/1359

exhaustive

adj.

彻底的, 详尽的

to make an exhaustive study

An exhaustive investigation of the facts proves the contrary.

exhausted

adj.

(令人）耗尽的, 疲惫的

exhausting

adj.

使用尽的, 令人疲乏不堪的

F

1.facility facilitate

facility

n.

灵巧，熟练

He has great facility in learning languages.

Her facility with / in languages is surprising.

(pl) 设施，设备

There are facilities for cooking in the kitchen.

Are there washing facilities in the school?

facilitate

vt. 使容易；使便利

It would facilitate matters if you were more

co-operative。

The new underground railway will facilitate

the journey to all parts of the city.

2. fiance fiancee finance

fiance

n.

未婚夫

fiancee

n.

未婚妻

finance

n.

财政, 金融, 财政学

vt.

供给...经费, 负担经费

vi.

筹措资金

G

1.genius genus genuine

genius

n.

天才, 天赋, 天才人物