语法填空20(1)

1. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式

Computer began as a calculating machine in France in 1642 Computer developed very (1) ________ (slow) and it took nearly two hundred years (2) ________it was built as an analytical machine, (3) ________followed instructions from cards with holes．In 1936 Alan Turing wrote a book (4) ________ (describe) how computers could be made to work as a "universal machine" (5) ________ (solve) any mathematical problem．

By the 1940s computer (6) ________ (grow) as large as a room ．As time went (7) ________it has grown smaller, and with artificial (8) ________ (intelligent), it is getting cleverer and cleverer, quicker and (9) ________ (quick)．In the early 1960s, computers could be connected by a network．So people were able to share their information (10) ________others through the World Wide WeB．

2. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be very difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible --- and it can be surprisingly (1) ________ (benefit) to your physical and mental health. So far, research (2) ________ (show) that people who forgive can have more energy, better appetite and better sleep. “People who forgive show (3) ________ (little) anger and more hopefulness,” says Dr. Frederic Luskin, who wrote the book Forgive for Good. “So it can help reduce the tiredness out of the immune system and allow people (4) ________ (feel) m ore energetic.”

So when someone has hurt you, cool down first. T ake a couple of breaths and think of something (5) ________gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love. Don’t wait for an (6) ________ (apologize). “Many times the per son who hurt you may never think of apologizing,” says Dr. Luskin. “They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things in (7) ________same way. So if you wait for people to say sorry, you could be waiting a very long time.”

Next keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean (8) ________ (accept) the action of the person who upsets you. Instead, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you. Finally, try to see things (9) ________the other person’s perspective. You may real ize that he or she was acting out of ignorance. To gain perspective, you may want to write a letter to (10) ________ (you) from that person’s point of view.

3. A few months ago we started a blog (1) ________ (call) "Confessions（自白）of an English Learner. "This blog is (2) ________you to share your stories about language misunderstandings. Many of you provided advice about (3) ________you learned English. Thanks to everyone who (4) ________ (join) the discussion on the blog so far.

One web visitor described his (5) ________ (difficult) with two English language words (6) ________sound similar but are very different in meaning. Moises wrote from his home in El Salvador. He described a mistake he made on his first visit to the United States.

At the time, Moises was working on a ship. It was his second day. He was organizing some of his belongings (7) ________a co-worker came into the room they were sharing. The co-worker asked, "Hey, my friend, do you want soap?"

Moises wrote that he was surprised by the question and excited (8) ________ (use) his English. He answered, "No thanks. I am not hungry."

Well, everyone in the room started laughing and Moises did not understand the joke. (9) ________new friends then explained that "soap" is something you use to wash yourself. "Soup" is what you eat.

Moises said this incident happened ten years ago. He added, "Do you imagine that I am (10) ________English teacher now?"

4. One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment (1) ________ (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me (2) ________the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man (3) ________ (seat) at the front. He (4) ________ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be (5) ________ (mental) disabled.

Behind him were other people to (6) ________he was trying to talk, but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.

I didn’t wan (7) ________ (laugh) at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him (8) ________his own either. After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had (9) ________ amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.

I’m glad I made a choice. It made (10) ________ of us feel good.

5. Now if you’ve got nothing to do today, why not go to the east part of the city and get digging? That’s the mes sage from No.1 Senior High School, (1) ________ is organizing a tree planting event near East Mountain. In order to improve the environmental (2) ________ (educate) of its students and get more people (3) ________ (organize), the school is planning to plant (4) ________total of 1,400 trees paid by the government over the next few days. They are hoping to plant half of them today and they (5) ________ (look) for volunteers to come along and help. No experience is necessary, (6) ________there will be experts to give directions and the (7) ________ (equip) will be provided. Everyone is welcome to come along anytime (8) ________10 am and 4 pm. I don’t think you need my advice of what sort of shoes or clothes you have to wear. And of course gloves will be essential (9) ________ (protect) your hands. So it could be (10) ________ (real) a nice day out for all the families. Enjoy your day.

6. My friend Herbert has always been fat, but things got so bad recently (1) ________ he decided to go (2) ________a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods that were forbidden. The list included most of the things Herbert loves: butter, potatoes, beer, milk, chocolate and sweets. Yesterday I paid him (3) ________visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Herbert was still as fat (4) ________ever. He (5) ________ (lead) me into his room and (6) ________ (hurried) hid a large parcel under his desk. (7) ________was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When (8) ________ (ask) what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. His (9) ________ (explain) was that his diet was so strict that he had to reward (10) ________occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the

parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!

7. I am extremely honored to be selected as a winner of this year's Lasker-DeBakery Clinical Medical Research Award. I express my wholehearted thanks to the jury members for the recognition(认可) of my (1) ________ (contribute) to the discovery of Qinghaosu(青蒿素) for malaria(疟疾) treatment.

In my childhood, I witnessed occasions when patients (2) ________ (rescue) by folk Chinese medicine recipes. However, neither (3) ________I dream then of such a close link of my whole life to researching those amazing herbs(草药) nor could I imagine then that today I would experience such an exciting moment when my research has been highly praised by the international (4) ________ (science) community. I started research on herbal medicines in 1955. My (5) ________ (curious) about herbs turned into a strong motivation after college training on traditional Chinese medicine (6) ________ (arrange) by the institute. Equipped with a sound knowledge in both traditional Chinese medicine and modern pharmaceutical sciences(制药学), we (7) ________ (success) accomplished the discovery and development of Qinghaosu from Qinghao.

The discovery of Qinghaosu is (8) ________gift to mankind from traditional Chinese medicine, (9) ________has served people in China and other Asian countries for many centuries. Continuous exploration and development of traditional medicine will, (10) ________ doubt, bring more medicines to the world.…

8. After graduation from college, I started to sell. Soon I discovered that the worried expression I (1) ________ (wear) since childhood meant sure failure. I knew it wasn't going to be easy to change that expression on my face left by so many years of (2) ________（hard）. It called for a complete change in my view on life. Here is the method I tried.

Each morning during a fifteen-minute bath, I determined to cultivate a big, happy smile. I found out, however, that it couldn't be a (3) ________ (force) smile developed just for the purpose of putting dollars in my pocket. It had to be (4) ________ honest-to-goodness smile from down deep inside, an outward expression of happiness from within!

Let's see (5) ________ starting off with a good fifteen-minute training of the smile muscles helped me during the day. (6) ________entering an office I would think of many things I had to be thankful for, work up a big smile and then enter. Seldom did it fail (7) ________ (get) the same smile (8) ________return from the person I met. I also found that it pleased people when I passed them on the street to give them a cheerful smile.

Give every living soul you meet the best smile you have ever smiled in your life, (9) ________see how much better you feel and look. It's one of the best ways I know to stop worrying, and start living. When I began doing this, I found (10) ________more welcome everywhere.

9. Do you like travelling? Staying (1) ________ (health) while (2) ________ (travel) can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one．When you are travelling abroad，here are the tips you need (3) ________ (make) your trip much (4) ________ (easy)．

Make sure you have got a signed passport(护照)and a visas．Also，before you go，fill in the emergency information page of your passport! Make two copies of your passport identification page．This will help a lot if your passport (5) ________ (steal)．Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives．Carry the other (6) ________ you in a separate place from your passport．

Read the Public Announcements or Travel Warnings for the countries you plan to visit．Get yourself familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to (7) ________ you are travelling．

Leave a copy of your itinerary(旅行计划)with your family or friends at home so that you can be contacted in case of an emergency．

Do not accept packages from strangers．Do not carry too much money or (8) ________ (necessary) credit cards．If we make enough (9) ________ (prepare)，We will succeed．Have (10) ________ good time !

10. I was nine years old when I learnt to ride a bike. The bike was a birthday present from my uncle. You can imagine how (1) ________ (excite)I was when I saw the bike, and I begged my uncle to teach me how (2) ________ (ride) it right away. However, before I got on the bike, I felt (3) ________ (extreme) nervous and l was afraid that l would fall off and hurt (4) ________ (me). My uncle held onto the seat and helped me to get (5) ________ the bike. While l was riding, he was running along beside me, holding the seat so I would not fall over .I was so (6) ________ (grate) to him for his help. As I was practicing, I became more and more confident. Then, I heard my uncle

shouting, "You are riding it by yourself now!"I was both excited and scared. I was really riding by myself, but (7) ________ if I fell off? Could I use the brakes to stop? As I was wondering about this, my uncle ran after me and got hold of the bike. I (8) ________ (slow) down and came to a stop. My heart was still beating fast when I got off the bike. (9) ________ (late)that day, having learnt how to get on the bike and get off it, I felt like l was walking on air! I am still thankful to my uncle for teaching me to ride a bike on my (10) ________ (nine) birthday.

11. On December 4th, 2006, an airbus took off on time from the capital airport of Saudi Arabia. Af ter about an hour’s (1) ________ (fly), something strange happened in the plane.

The passengers (2) ________ (enjoy) themselves when a small rat stole out from the bag of a young man, which made the young woman nearby (3) ________ (alarm) with loud screaming. Then more and more rats came out of the bag. All the passengers became out of order, especially the women and the children. The steward(机长) managed to get in touch with (4) ________ control centre on the ground. With the order from the ground, the plane (5) ________ (succeed) landed at the nearest airport.

As soon as the plane landed on the ground, all the passengers got off. Then seven specialists got on (6) ________ (catch) these small creatures. Many means had been tried but (7) ________ of them was good enough to catch the rats. At last they tried to fill in the plane (8) ________ carbon-dioxide, (9) ________ poisoned all the eighty rats by the poisonous gas.

It (10) ________ (report) that the young man wanted to carry these rats to another city and sell them as pets but no one had expected that these small creatures succeeded in escaping from the bag.

12. Lionel Messi，a player from the South American country of Argentina, (1) ________ (be) the greatest soccer player alive today．At a young age，he (2) ________ (move) to Spain and now plays professionally for the Barcelona soccer club．Messi started playing soccer at (3) ________ age of 5 for a small soccer team (4) ________ (own) by his father．Even as a young boy,he did very well．But when he was 11 years old, he found out he had a sickness which would prevent him (5) ________ growing much taller. There was a way to help him grow more，(6) ________ his parents did not have enough money to pay for his medical needs．So，they looked around for a Soccer club (7) ________ would be able to do this for them．The clubs in Argentina couldn’t help him，but the famous Barcelona club in Spain offered (8) ________ (accept)Messi on the junior team and pay for the bills．The Messi family (9) ________ (happy)took the offer and moved to Spain．In the Barcelona soccer club，Messi was one of the best (10) ________ (player) through his teen years．With his incredible talent，Messi has surprised the world．

13. There’s no such thing as living alone. Never mind if you’re (1) ________ only person in your house and have no dog, no cat, not even fish. You still have got several billion (2) ________ (roommate) — and so do we all. Some of them are harmless, some are (3) ________ (actual) helpful and some could even kill you. They are, of course, bacteria, fungi (菌类) and viruses, and like it or not, they’re on you, around you, and deeply within you. The fact that bacteria life is everywhere is not (4) ________ (surprise). It’s something you(5) ________ (learn) from your childhood when your mother told you not to drink water from someone else’s glass. There are lots of bacteria (6) ________ are living in your tea kettle. There are bacteria (7) ________ (sleep) with you on your bed. Scientists are beginning (8) ________ (realize) the richness of the microbiome(微生物群系) —which is as complex as the ones (9) ________ (find) in oceans, rainforests, deserts and woodlands. Your house has a microbiome and (10) ________ do you.

14. Franklin’s life is full of charming(1) ________ (story) which all young men should know—how he sold books in Boston, and became the guest of kings in Europe; how he was made Major General Franklin, only (2) ________ (quit) because, as he said, he was no soldier.

This poor Boston boy, (3) ________ a day’s schooling, became master of six languages and never stopped studying; this hard-working boy conquered the lightning, made his name famous, received degrees and diplomas (学位证书) from many colleges, (4) ________became forever (5) ________(remember) as “Doctor Franklin”, philosopher, scientist and political leader. Self-made, self-taught, the candle maker’s son gave light to all the world;(6) ________ street bookseller set all men singing of liberty.

He built America, for what the nation is today is (7) ________(large) due to the management, the forethought, the(8) ________(wise), and the ability of Benjamin Franklin. He belongs to the world, but especially he belongs to America. The people around the world (9) ________(honor) him while he was living; he is still regarded (10) ________the loftiest man by the common people today after his death. And he will live in people's hearts forever.

15. On a Friday night, a poor young artist stood at the gate of the subway station, playing his violin. The music was so great(1) ________many people slowed down their paces and put some money into the hat of the young man. The next day, the young artist went there again. Different (2) ________the day before, he took out a large piece of paper and laid it on the ground and put some stones on it. Then he adjusted the violin and began playing. Before long, he(3) ________ (surround) by many people, who were all attracted by the words on that paper. It said, Last night, a gentleman(4) ________(name) George Sang put an important thing into my hat by mistake. Please come to claim (5) ________. After about half (6) ________hour, a middle-aged man ran there in a hurry and asked if he had seen a lottery. After the young violinist made sure it was Mr. George Sang, he returned the lottery (7) ________a prize of $500,000 to him. Later someone asked the violinist: Why didn’t you take t he lottery ticket for yourself? The violinist said, (8) ________I don’t have much money, I live happily; but if I lose (9) ________(honest), I won’t be happy forever. Through our lives, we can gain a lot and lose a lot. But (10) ________(be) honest should always be with us.

16. Dear Tom,

How time (1) ________(fly)! You have been studying in Beijing for nearly a month, during which you must have achieved a lot. Well,(2) ________is everything going? It is reported that the weather there is very hot and dry these days, which is very different from (3) ________of your county. Have you adapt to it? In (4) ________(add), you once complained that the food (5) ________ (serve) there was not to your taste. I hope that should have been improved.

I am glad to tell you that I will go to Beijing to take part in an English contest in July, (6) ________is not only an honor, but also a great opportunity for me (7) ________(improve) myself. And now I try my best to make preparation for it. However, I have some difference

(8) ________ (collect) the material relevant(有关的) and using the language.

I will appreciate it if you give me a hand to solve (9) ________problem.

After the contest, I am to drop in at your school to visit you.

Please wait (10) ________my phone.

Yours,

Li Hua

17. In the age of the smart phone, there seems no reason to ask questions about: the weather forecast, a business’s phone number or directions, (1) ________ can all be easily found on Google, but very often people (2) ________(actual) ask these things by telephoning. Your answer may (3) ________(reply) to with a thank-you e-mail.

This isn’t the first time that great (4) ________ (change) have taken place in our manners due to technology. In the late 1870s, when (5) ________telephone was invented, people didn’t know how to greet a caller. Often there (6) ________ (be) just silence. Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, (7) ________(suggest) that people say “Ahoy”, but finally“Hello” won out, the greeting is now used (8) ________everyday face-to-face communications.

Try to be (9) ________respect) no matter who you communicate with. Just

keep it in mind that (10) ________(polite) never goes out of fashion.

18. At the end of the 16th century, most of the people(1) ________spoke English lived in England. The language did (2) ________begin to be spoken in many other countries until the 17th century. Nowadays, more people speak English than (3) ________before. However, English (4) ________(change) over time. The English (5) ________(speak) in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was based more (6) ________German than the English we speak at present. Then from about AD800 and 1150, new settlers who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. They enriched(7) ________English language and especially its vocabulary. (8) ________(gradual), English became less like German. In 1620 some British people moved to America and (9) ________(settle)there. Later in the 18th century some British people(10) ________(take) to Australia too. English began to be used in both countries.

19. I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car (1) ________(break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to (2) ________ should have the honor of receiving me(3) ________a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was getting me (4) ________(settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to (5) ________ small town some 20 kilometres away (6) ________there was a garage. I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess’s courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. (7) ________villagers brought me goat’s cheese and honey. We drank together and talked (8) ________(merry) till far into the night. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman (9) ________the trouble I had caused (10) ________.

20. “That is my grandmother’s house,”I say,(1) ________(point) across the baby to a shabby old house. I am in Nova Scotia on a pilgrimage with Lisa, my granddaughter, seeking roots for her, retracing treasured(2) ________ (memorize) for me. Lise was one of the mobile children, moved from house to house in childhood. She longs (3) ________a sense of home, so we have come to Nova Scotia where my husband and I were born and where our ancestors (4) ________(live) for 200 years.

We soon pull up by the house and I tell her (5) ________it was like here, the memories rushing back, swift as the tide. Suddenly, I long(6) ________ (walk) again in the house where I was once so gloriously a child.

It still belongs to a member of the family, but has not been lived in for(7) ________while. We cannot go into the house,(8) ________I can still walk through the rooms in memory. Here, my mother sat in her bedroom window and wrote in her diary. However, that was long after those childhood days. Lisa Listens (9) ________( attentive ) as I talk and then says, “So this is where I began; where I belong.”

She has found her roots. To be rooted is “to have an origin”. We need that

origin. Looking backward, we discovered what is unique in(10) ________; learn the meaning of “I”. We must all go home again-----in reality or memory.