(完整word版)(含答案)社会心理学期末考试复习题英文版,推荐文档

一、单选题(每题1分，共20分)

1.Which of the following is not the scope of social psychology?( D )

A. people’s thoughts

B. people’s feelings

C. people’s behaviors

D. people’s present

2.Whether you prefer slim or voluptuous female beauty depends on when and where in the world you live. This phenomenon displays ( C)

A. social behavior is biologically rooted.

B. we construct our social reality.

C. social influences shape our behavior

D. social psychology’s principles are applicable in everyday life.

3.To evaluate surveys, we must bear in mind four potentially biasing influences. Which of the following is belonging to those potentially biasing influence?( A)

A. Unrepresentative samples

B. Control

C. Independent variable

D. Informed consent

4.Take the phenomenon of College Students' love mate choice as an example, the following is not a research level of social psychology.（A）

A .The proportion of love

B. Mate choice attitude

C .Attraction factor

D .Love relationship

5.Which of the following dosen’t belong to the main characteristic in heart of an individual learned helplessness?( D)

A．low self-efficacy

B．negative thinking

C．emotional disorders

D．good interpersonal relationship

6.On matters of opinion, we find support for our positions by overestimating the extent to which others agree. The phenomenon is called( B)

A.false uniqueness effect

B.false consensus effect

C.self-esteem

D.self-reference effect

7.when show an animated underwater scene, Japanese spontaneously recalled 60 percent more background features than did Americans, and they spoke of more relationships. Americans, as confirmed in a follow-up eye-tracking study, attend more to the focal object, such as a single big fish, and attend less to the surroundings. The example above essentially embodies?( A )

A.the difference between individualism and collectivism

B.the difference between self-respect and inferiority

C.the difference between optimism and pessimism

D. the difference between active and passive

8. Which of the following does not belong to the independent personality

of self concept?( B)

A.Personal, defined by individual traits and goals

B.Conformity

C.“To thine own self be ture”

D.support the individualistic Western

9.____ is a tendency to search for information that prove one's preconceptions. ( A)

A.Confirmation bia

B.Belief perseverance

C.Overconfidence

D.Counterfactual thinking

10.Attribution theory is the theory of how people explain other's ___. ( D)

A.dispositions

B.emotions

C.thinkings

D.behaviors

11.Which of the following options is not one of the ABCs of Attitudes?（ C ）

A. affect

B. behavior

C. belief

D. cognition

12. Which of the following options is the function of attitude on behavior（B）A．decide B. predict C. change D. strength

13.When saying becomes believing？（A）

A. when there is no compelling，extern al explanation for one’s words

B. when there is no one disagrees what you said

C. when you believe in what you said

D. when people believe in what you said

14.What is involved in Asch’s Study of Group Pressure? (B)

A.Suggestibility

https://www.360docs.net/doc/7c2075125.html,parison

C.The chameleon effect

D.Obedience

15.What don’t breed obedience? ( D )

A.The victim’s distance

B.Closeness and legitimacy of the authority

C.Institutional

D.Norm formation

16.Why conform? ( D)

A.Bystander effect

B.Emotional contaglon

C.The effect of unanimity

D.Normative influence and informational influence

17.The key to the change of attitude is ( A ).

A.the incentive of the strong

B.tend to be motivated by

C. to reach the equilibrium state of

D. the avoidance of motivation

18.To promote, maintain and regulate individual behavior, so that the psychological process of a certain goal, known as ( A).

A.motivation

B.need

C.attention

D.interested

19. Cause the main cause of deindividuation is ( D).

A. group polarization

B. social loafing

C. conformity D . anonymity

20. Sometimes when group together to complete a job, each of the members of efforts to fulfil the task than the individual in a separate case when the phenomenon of fewer, it usually occur in multiple individual cooperation for a common goal, their work performance and cannot be calculated separately. This is called ( B).

A. social facilitation

B. social loafing

C. deindividuation

D. group polarization

21. Psychologists believe that, in general，deindividuation can make individual aggression

（ C ）

A. uncertainty

B. invariant

C. increase

D. decrease

22. Group strengthen we itself has no point of view is called ( B)

A. the effects of social arousal

B. social facilitation

C. deindividuation

D. group polarization

23. Low limit contact group under the circumstance of not including ( A)

A. social facilitation

B. social loafing

C. desocialization

D. deindividuation

24. Individual because of the pressure group, with groups in the psychological and behavior in most of the people to maintain consistent phenomenon called ( C)

A. assimilate

B. obey

C. conformity

D. internalization

25. The presence of others can affect helping behavior. Usually, the more people present, the more helping behavior ( A)

A. the less

B. more difficult to predict

C. the more

D. the more rapid increase

26.Why conform? ( D)

A.Bystander effect

B.Emotional contaglon

C.The effect of unanimity

D.Normative influence and informational influence

27.What can’t predicts conformity?(D)

A.Group size

B.Cohesion

C.Public response

D.Prior commitment

28.How many people will have a largest effect in conformity? ( B)

A.1-3

B.3-5

C.5-7

D.7-9

29.Which of the following options is not one of the ABCs of Attitudes?（C）

A. affect

B. behavior

C. belief

D. cognition

30. Which of the following options is the function of attitude on behavior（B）A．decide B. predict C. change D. strength

31.When saying becomes believing？（A）

A. when there is no compelling，external explanation for one’s words

B. when there is no one disagrees what you said

C. when you believe in what you said

D. when people believe in what you said

32.which of the following options is true about impression management? ( B)

A. our attitudes change because we are motivated to maintain consistency among our cognition.

B. we express attitudes that match our actions.

C. we express attitudes to leave a good impression to others.

D. the aboves are wrong.

33.how consistent is the person's behavior in this sitiation is( A)

A,consistency

B,distinctiveness

C,consensus

D,confomity

34.How specific is the person's behavior to this paticular situation is( B)

A,consistency

B,distinctiveness

C,consensus

D,confomity

35.To wahat extent do others in this situation behave similary is（C ）

A,consistency

B,distinctiveness

C,consensus

D,confomity

36.with consistency,distinctiveness yes,we atttibute one'behavior to ( A) A,external attribution

B,internal attribution

C,disposition attribution

D,situational attribution

37.Humans tend to put themselves as the center of everything and intuition overestimate the attention degree of others to us. what effect it reflects? ( C )

A. primacy effect

B.recency effect

C.spotlight effect

D.stark effect

38.Which one organizes our thoughts, feelings, and actions. Besides, it enables us to remember our past, assess, our present, and project our future and thus to behave adaptively.( A )

A.sense of self

B.self-schemas

C.self-efficacy

D.self-esteem

39.Social Psychology in which year separating from sociology and psychology？（C）

A. 1906

B. 1907

C. 1908

D. 1910

40. Social psychology is an about what subject？( A)

A. environment

B. humanity

C. cultural

D. society

二、多选题(每题1分，共20分)

1.What is including of the social influence?（ACD ）

A. culture and biology

B. prejudice

C. pressures to conform

D. persuasion

E. aggression

2.What is including of the social relations?（CDE ）

A.groups of people

B. our attitudes

C. prejudice

D. attraction and intimacy

E. helping

3.What is including of the social thinking?（BCE ）

A.culture and biology

B. what we believe

C. judgments we make

D. groups of people

E. our attitudes

4.Which is idea of social thinking? ( ABC )

A.we construct our social reality

B. our social intuitions are powerful, something perilous

C. attitudes shape, and are shaped by ,behavior

D. social influences shape behavior

E. dispositions shape behavior

5.which of them were collectivism( AB )

A.giving priority to the goal of a group

B.Giving priority to the ambition of a group

C.Individual goals

D.individual ambitions

6.which of them were individualism( AB )

A.individual goals

B.Individual ambitions

C.Collective goals

D.Collective ambitions

7.which of them are .self-reference effect( AB )

https://www.360docs.net/doc/7c2075125.html,-letter effect

B.Birthday-number effect

C.Spotlight effect

D.Possible selves

8.which of them are passible selves（AB ）

A.dream to become who you want to be

B.Afraid of becoming who you dislike

C.Self-schema

D.Spotlight effect

9.conterfactual thinking is( AD )

A,alternative image B,factual memory C,have happened D,didn't happened 10.harold kelly attribute our behavior to internal or external causes with the factor( ABC )

A,consistency B,distinctiveness C,consensus D,conformity

11. Why does our behavior affect our attitudes ( ABC )

A self-presentation: impression management

B self-justification: cognitive dissonance

C self-perception

D social movement

12. How well do our attitudes predict our behavior (ABD )

A. when attitudes predict behavior

B. when attitudes are potent

C. when saying becomes believing

D. when the attitude corresponds very closely to the predicted behavior

13 When does our behavior affect our attitude ( ABD )

A. role playing

B. social movements

C. comparing theories

D. evil and moral acts

14Who is more likely to resist the pressure to conformity ( ABC )

A.People who is humane

B.People who is democratic

C.People who is individualistic

D.People who is patriotic

E.People who is selfish

15.Why do the results of these classic experiments so often startle people? ( CE )

A.Because we expect people to act in accord with their disposition

B.Because the situation they are

C.Because the fundamental attribution error

D.Because the conformity and obedience

E.Because the attribution bias

16.Four factors that determined obedience were the victim’s emotional distance. They are

( CDE )

A.The authority’s support

B.The critics he received from authority

C.The authori ty’s closeness and legitimacy

D.Whether or not the authority was part of respected institution

E.The liberating effects of a disobedient fellow participant

17.（AB ）is right about central route.

A. the aidience is analytical and motivated.

B. its process is high effort and elaborate.

C. it has rule of thumb heuristics.

D. central route to persuasion is often only temporarily.

18.（BCD ）is wrong about attitude inoculation.

A. exposing people to weak attack upon their attitudes so that when stronger attacks come, they will have refutationsavailable.

B. the way the message is delivered -- whether face-to-face, in writing, on film, or in some other way.

C. occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts.

D. occurs when people are influenced by incieental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness.

19.How do individuals influence the group? （ACD ）

A.defections from the majority

B.prestige

C.consistency

D.self-confidence

20.The ways that Vincent Brown and Paul Paulus have identified to enhance group brainstorming including? ( ABC )

https://www.360docs.net/doc/7c2075125.html,bine group and solitary brainstorming

B.have group members interact by writing

C.incorporate electronic brainstorming

D.group members do their work alone

21. （AD ）are the two routes to persuasion.

A. central route

B. intermediary route

C. peripheric route

D. peripheral route

22. （ABCD ）are the Elements of Persuasion.

A. how is it said.

B. to whom is it said.

C.what is it said.

D. who says.

23. （AB ）aren't recency effect's point.

A. more common than primacy effect.

B. other things being equal, information presented first usually has the most influence.

C. information presented last something has the most influence.

D. less common than primacy effect.

24. （BC ）is the involvement.

A. the process by which media influence often occurs.

B. personal relevance of the issue.

C. high-involvement audience are more motivated to exert the effort to process a persuasive message.

D. the individual's tendency to engage in and enjoy thinking.

25. How can persuasion be resisted. （ACD ）

A. strengthening personal commitment.

B. keep a good feeling.

C. real-life applications : inoculation programs.

D. implications of attitude inoculation.

26.In the Milgram’s experiments about the ethics, the “teachers” did experience agony. They ( ABE )

A.Sweated

B.Trembled

C.Relaxed

D.Excited

E.Stuttered

27.From Ervin Staub’s study of human genocide across the world, Staub (2003) shows ( AB )

A.Where gradually increasing aggression can lead

B.Where gradually increasing invasion can lead

C.Where gradually increasing aberration can lead

https://www.360docs.net/doc/7c2075125.html,pliance bred acceptance

E.Criticism produces contempt

28.Conformity is affected by ( BE )

A.Where people act

B.How people act

C.Other people act

D.When people act

E.What people act

29.Who is more likely to resist the pressure to conformity ( ABC )

A.People who is humane

B.People who is democratic

C.People who is individualistic

D.People who is patriotic

E.People who is selfish

30.Why does our behavior affect our attitudes ( ABC )

A self-presentation: impression management

B self-justification: cognitive dissonance

C self-perception

D social movement

31.How well do our attitudes predict our behavior (ABD )

A when attitudes predict behavior

B when attitudes are potent

C when saying becomes believing

D when the attitude corresponds very closely to the predicted behavior

32.When does our behavior affect our attitude ( ABD )

A role playing

B social movements

C comparing theories

D evil and moral acts

33.Which of the following statements is wrong ( AB )

A Role play can not predict our attitude

B the foot-in-the-door is not very effective

C The law of behavior decision attitude may lead to unethical behavior

D Positive behavior to others will enhance the impression of the people

34.representasion heuristic is( AC )

A,category judgement

B,likelihood judgement

C,discounting important part

D,overweighting vivid instance

35.availability heuristic is ( BD )

A,category judgement

B,likelihood judgement

C,discounting important part

D,overweighting vivid instance

36.conterfactual thinking is( AD )

A,alternative image

B,factual memory

C,have happened

D,didn't happened

37.harold kelly attribute our behavior to internal or external causes with the factor( ABC )

A,consistency

B,distinctiveness

C,consensus

D,conformity

38.which of them are .self-reference effect( AB )

https://www.360docs.net/doc/7c2075125.html,-letter effect

B.Birthday-number effect

C.Spotlight effect

D.Possible selves

39.which of them are passible selves（AB ）

A.dream to become who you want to be

B.Afraid of becoming who you dislike

C.Self-schema

D.Spotlight effect

40. Social psychology is a subject which studies which problems？（ABC ）

A.What is our faith.

B.Culture and the pressure of biological conformity.

C.Attraction and intimacy.

D.How to survive.

E.Cooperation and competition.

三、填空题(每空1分，共10分)

1.Our instant intuitions shape our fears,(_impressions)____,and _(relationships)_____.

2. Kelley's theory of attributions include three factors---_(distinctiveness) _,_(consistency)_,and _(consensus)_____.

3. The “ABCs” of attitudes: _ affect behavior and cognition

4. For the optimist, the effect of_(positive persuasion )_is better; for the pessimist, the effect of_(negative persuasion)_ is better.

5. To reduce and eliminate cognitive dissonance we can:Change cognition Change behavior and Increase third party cognition

6. evaluating one’s opinions and abilities by comparing oneself with others is called_ (social comparison )_.

7. The “ABCs” of attitudes: _ affect behavior and cognition

8. our thinking is partly _(controlled)__and-more than psychologists once supposed-partly (automatic).

9.If the two kinds of information are continuously present, and then after a period of time, the (primacy effect) will appear, especially in the case of the first kind of information is more so.

四、改错题(每题1分，共5分)

1.The social relations including of prejudice ,aggression ,attraction and intimacy ,helping. 正确

2.Our social intuitions are always powerful. 错误

3.We exhibit unrealistic optimism about our future. 正确

4.Most people suffer from low self esteem or feels of inferiority, Because of self-serving bias. 错误

5.Help people fosters liking. 正确

6.Reactance,Unanimity let us be different. 错误

7.One person coughs,laughs,or yawns,and others are soon doing the same. it’s Mood linkage. 正确

8.Conformity meas a change in behavior or belief as the result of real or imagined group pressure正确

9.The central route can lead to a more stable attitude and behavior change, and the impact of the external route to the short and superficial.正确

10.The enhancement of dominant responses is strongest when people think they are being evaluated.错

五、简释题(每题5分，共20分)

1. 1.correlational research：The study of the naturally occurring relationships among

variables.

2.Confirmation bias：a tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions

3.learned helplessness：The hopelessness and resignation learned when a human or an

animal perceives no control over repeated bad events.

4. social facilitation:Original meaning :the tendency of people to perform simple or well-learned tasks better when others are present)(current meaning :the strengthening of dominant responses in the presence of others

5.Conformity:A change in behavior or belief as result of real or imagined group pressure.

6. Priming：priming is the awkening or activating of certain association.

2.7. social psychology:The scientific study of how people think about ,influence and

relate to one another.

8. Role：A set of norms that defines how people in given social position ought to behave.

六、简答题(每题5分，共15分)

1.Reasons for focus effect and illusion transparency?

Answer:·a) Social surroundings affect our self-awareness.As individuals in a group of a different culture

·b) Self-interest colors our social judgment.When problems arise in a close relationship such as marriage,we usually attribute more responsibility to our partners than to ourselves.

·c) Self concerned about the social nature of the excitation.Human behavior tends to have a certain strategy

2. What paths lead to persuasion?

Answer: a) Central route to persuasion:occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts.

b) Peripheral route to persuasion:occurs when people are influenced by

incidental cues,such as a speaker's attractiveness.

3. why do we make the attribution error？

Answer:行动者和观察者的不同；聚焦观点偏见；观点在随时变化；自我觉知；文化差异

4. Please explain foot-in-the-door phenomenon,and offer an example

Answer:答：如果想要别人帮你一个大忙，一个有效的策略是：请他们帮一个小忙。如邀请选修普通心理学课程的学生在上午7点整来参加一个实验时，仅仅有24%的学生露面。但是，如果让这些学生在事先不知道时间的情况下答应参加实验，然后再要求他们在上午七点整来，结果53%的学生回来。

5. What factors can predict the conformity?

（1）群体规模。在实验室实验里，一个规模较小的群体就可以引起较大的效应。另外，群体“抱成团”的方式也会产生不同的影响，多个小群体的一致意见会使某个观点更可信。

（2）一致性。如果有人破坏了群体的一致性，那么会降低群体的社会影响力。观察到其他人有

异议，即使异议是错误的，也会增强我们自己的独立性。

（3）凝聚力。一个群体的凝聚力越强，对成员的影响力就越大。

(4 ) 地位。地位高的人往往有更大的影响力。

( 5) 公开的反应。在实验中，人们必须面对他人做反应时要比私下里回答问题会表现出更多的从众行为。

(6 ) 无事前承诺。个体一旦在公众面前做出承诺，就会坚持到底，最多，也就是在以后的情境中改变自己的判断。

6. The pros and cons of self serving bias?

A: ·When you succeed, you can enhance your sense of honor and confidence in yourself, so that you can motivate yourself to keep going.

·Failure, to a certain extent, to maintain their dignity and interests, especially in the case of other people do not know, it may be possible to restore their own situation.

·When success is made, the reason is more due to its own, it will exaggerate its value, ignore the contribution and achievements of others, so as not to recognize the value of their own and others, may have the contradiction of human relations.

·After doing something wrong, self serving bias is attributed to external factors to blame everyone and everything but not oneself. This is an escape from the wrong performance.

七、案例分析题(每题10分，共10分)

1.Tawna is nearing the end of her daily run. Her mind prods her to keep going ; her body begs her to walk the remaining six blokes. She compromises and dose a slow jog home . The next day conditions are identical ,except that two friends run with her. Tawna runs her route two minutes faster. She wonders,”Did one run better merely because Gail and Sonja went along? Would l always run better if in a group?”.

Answer:

唤起能促进优势反应。有她人在场能引发唤起状态，所以，观察者或共事者在场，会提高简答任务（其优势反应是正确的）的作业或成绩。所以托娜能提早2分钟跑完了全程。（言之有理即可）

2.In the Netherlands, most high school students rate themselves as more honest, persistent, original, friendly, and reliable than the average high student.

Question:What principle of the social psychology this case reflects? Please point out and make a brief analysis.

Answer:

反映了自我服务偏见（分析略_(:з)∠）_）