大学英语演讲稿(含翻译)

How to Be Popular

Most people would like to be popular with others, but not everyone can achieve this goal. What is the secret to popularity? In fact, it is very simple. The first step is to improve our appearance. We should always make sure that we stay in good shape and dress well. When we are healthy and well-groomed, we will not only look better but also feel better. In addition, we should smile and appear friendly. After all, our facial expression is an important part of our appearance. If we can do this, people will be attracted to our good looks and impressed by our confidence.

Another important step is developing more consideration for others. We should always put others first and place their interests before our own. It's also important to be good listeners; in this way people will feel comfortable enough to confide in us. However, no matter what we do, we must not gossip. Above all, we must remember to be ourselves, not phonies. Only by being sincere and respectful of others can we earn their respect. If we can do all of the above, I am sure popularity will come our way.

如何才能受人欢迎

大部分的人都想受人欢迎，但是并非每个人都能达到目标。受欢迎的秘诀何在?事实上是很简单的。步骤一，先改善我们的外表。我们得确保自己很健康，并且穿着体面。当我们既健康又穿戴整齐时，不仅看起来更有精神，自己也会觉得好多了。此外，我们要保持微笑并表现得很友善。毕竟，脸部表情是外观很重要的一环。如果我们能做到这一点，别人会被我们的美好外表所吸引，并对我们的自信印象深刻。

另一个重要步骤，就是培养对别人的体贴。永远以他人为重，并把别人的利益放在自己的利益之前。当个好听众也是很重要的;如此一来，别人才能很自在地对我们吐露心事。然而，不管我们做什么事，绝对不要说闲言闲语。最重要的是，要做自己，不要当虚伪的人。只有对人真诚又尊重时，才能赢得他人的尊敬。如果我们能做到以上几点，我相信受人欢迎是指日可待的事。

Learn How to Say No

We've all been taught that we should help people. It is the right thing to do and will make us popular with others. It may even win us favors in return. However, we must be realistic. We can't say yes to every request. If we did, we would fail or go crazy for sure. Sometimes we simply don't have the time to help. In this case, we must know how to say no politely.

When we need to say no, here is one method we can try. First, we should tell the truth. If we really can't do something, we should just say so. Second, we should remember to refuse requests politely. We must communicate clearly, but must also be sincere and sympathetic. A true friend will understand. Finally, we must not feel guilty about saying no. Sometimes refusing others is the right thing to do. It can save ourselves, and them, a lot of trouble. In short, we cannot please everyone all the time. Refusing favors is a part of life.

学习如何说不

我们都被教导说，我们应该要帮助别人。这是应该做的事，而且这样做会使我们受人欢迎。它甚至会为我们赢得一些回报。但是，我们必须要实际一点。我们不能答应每一个要求。如果我们这么做，我们就一定会失败或发疯。有时候我们确实没有时间去帮忙。既然如此，我们就必须知道如何有礼貌地说不。

当我们需要说不的时候，有个办法我们可以试试。首先，我们应该要说实话。假如我们真的办不到某件事，我们就应该说不。第二，我们应该记得要客气地拒绝对方的要求。我们

必须清楚地表达，但态度也必须真诚并且表示同情。一个真正的朋友会谅解的。最后，我们不必为了说不而觉得有罪恶感。有时候拒绝别人才是我们应该做的事。它可以替我们自己和别人，都省下许多麻烦。总而言之，我们无法一直取悦每个人。拒绝请求是人生的一部分。

How to Sell Yourself

In this competitive society it is essential to know how to sell yourself in order to get the job you want. That means you must be able to market your best features and present yourself in the best light. After all, you never get a second chance to make a first impression.

There are several things you can do to project a good image in an interview. First of all, look like a winner. Dress conservatively and well, and you'll look like you're going to the top. Second, communicate clearly. Consider each question carefully and respond with total honesty. Remember to make eye contact and maintain good posture. You need to look attentive but also at ease. Third, have a positive and assertive attitude. It's important to appear confident of your ability and optimistic about your future. Finally, be prepared. Present a professional resume and be ready to explain everything in detail.

By following the advice above, you are bound to make a good impression on potential employers. Then you will be able to choose the best opportunity for you and take that first step towards success.

如何自我推销

在这个竞争激烈的社会中，为了得到你想要的工作，知道如何自我推销是很重要的。也就是说，你必须能够销售你最好的特点，并把你最好的一面呈现出来。毕竟，第一印象定江山。

要在面试时表现出好的一面，你可以做几件事情。首先，要看起来像个赢家。穿着保守而体面，会使你看起来像是就要成功了。第二，要能清楚地表达。仔细地考虑每个问题，并据实回答。记得要和对方有目光接触，并保持良好的姿势。你必须看起来专注而自在。第三，态度要积极而有自信。对你的能力有信心，并对你的未来感到乐观是很重要的。最后，要充分准备。递上一份专业的简历，并准备好详细解释每件事。

遵照以上的建议，你就一定会给可能成为你老板的那些人，留下好的印象。然后你就可以选择对你而言最好的机会。并踏出迈向成功的第一步。

Responsibility is a Badge of Honour for Youth

(96年“21世纪杯全国大学生英语演讲比赛”二等奖获得者，北京外国语大学徐义成) Facing this audience on the stage, I have the exciting feeling of participating in the march of history, for what we are facing today is more than a mere competition or contest. It is an assembly of some of China's most talented and motivated people, representatives of a younger generation that are preparing themselves for the coming of a new century.

I'm grateful that I've been given this opportunity, at such a historic moment, to stand here as a spokesman of my generation and to take a serious look back at the past 15 years, a crucial period for every one of us and for this nation as well.

Though it is only within my power to tell about my personal experience, and only a tiny fragment of it at that, it still represents, I believe, the root of a spirit which has been essential to me and to all the people bred by the past 15 years.

In my elementary years, there was a little girl in the class who worked very hard but somehow could never do satisfactorily in her lessons.

The teacher asked me to help her, and it was obvious that she expected a lot from me. but

as a young boy, restless, thoughtless, I always tried to evade her so as to get more time to enjoy myself.

One day before the final exam, she came up to me and said, "Could you please explain this to me? I want very much to do better this time. " I started explaining, and finished in a hurry. Pretending not to notice her still confused eyes, I ran off quickly. Nat surprisingly, she again did very badly in the exam. And two months later, at the beginning of the new semester, word came of her death of blood cancer. No one ever knew about the little task I failed to fulfill, but I couldn't forgive myself. I simply couldn't forget her eyes, which seem to be asking, "Why didn't you do a little more to help me, when it was so easy for you? Why didn't you understand a little better the trust placed in you, so that I would not have to leave this world in such pain and regret?"

I was about eight or nine years old at that time, but in a way it was the very starting point of my life, for I began to understand the word "responsibility" and to learn to always do my duties faithfully and devotedly, for the implications of that sacred word has dawned on me: the mutual need and trust of people, the co-operation and inter-reliance which are the very foundation of human society.

Later in my life, I continued to experience many failures. But never again did I feel that regret which struck me at the death of the girl, for it makes my heart satisfied to think that I have always done everything in my power to fulfill my responsibilities as best I can.

As I grew up, changed and improved by this incident and many other similar ones, I began to perceive the changes taking place around me and to find that society, in a way, was in its formative years like myself. New buildings, new commodities and new fashions appear every day.

New ideas, new information, new technologies. People can talk with each other from any corner of the earth in a matter of seconds. Society is becoming more competitive.

Words like individuality and creativity are getting more emphasis and more people are rewarded for their hard work and efforts. Such is the era in which this generation ,grows and matures.

Such is the era in which this generation will take over the nation from our fathers and learn to run it. Yet in the meantime, many problems still exist.

We learn that crimes take place in broad daylight with crowds of people looking on and not assisting. We hear that there are still about 1 million children in this country who can't even afford to go to elementary schools while enormous sums of money are being squandered away on dinner parties and luxury cars.

We buy shoddy medicines, or merely worthless junk in the name of medicines, that aggravate, rather than alleviate our diseases since money, many people believe, is the most important thing in the world that must be made, even at the expense of morality and responsibility.

Such an era, therefore, determines that we are a generation with a keener sense of competition and efficiency and a greater readiness to think critically and act creatively.

Such an era, furthermore, demands, that we are a generation with a clear perception of our historical responsibility and an aggressive will to take action and solve the problems. History has long been preparing these qualities in this generation and it is now calling us forward to give testimony to our patriotism and heroism towards this nation and all humanity.

Standing here now, I think of the past 15 years of my life as an ordinary student. Probably I'll be an ordinary man for the rest of my life. But this doesn't discourage me any, for I know that with my sense of responsibility and devoted efforts to always strive, for the best, it's going to be a meaningful and worthwhile life that I will be living.

Standing here now, I think of the past 15 years of this nation, which has achieved greatness that inspired millions of people of my age, most of whom will not attain fame or prestige and only a few of whom will be remembered by posterity. But that doesn't discourage us any, because we know that the world watches, the world listens, the world is waiting to see where this nation will be heading in a time of rich opportunities and fierce competition.

I can't ever forget that little girl in my class who couldn't had the same opportunities as any of us here to enjoy a wonderful life today and a hopeful world tomorrow.

It is the sacred responsibility of this generation to face up to the challenges of the new century and to devote our sweat and blood, our wisdom and passion, to the historic cause of making this nation a greater and happier land for every one of us.

We are not going to evade that responsibility. We are going to let people down. And people, far and near, will hear of us. Frost will be brought to their backbones and tears to their eyes when our stories are told and retold, So let us go forth, my fellow members of this luckily chosen generation, and meet the new century in victory and glory.

责任感——青年人荣誉的标志

站在台上面对大家，我心情十分激动。好像是在参加一次历史性的长征。我们今天面对的远不只一场竞赛或角逐。这是才华出众，生气勃勃的中国青年的一次聚会。我们是青年一代的代表。为迎接新世纪的到来，我们正在从各方面作好准备。

在这一历史时刻，能有机会代表同龄人在此认真地回顾于国于己都至关重要的过去的15年，我感激万分。

尽管只能谈谈个人经历，而且只涉及其中一个小小的片段，但我相信，它仍然折射出对我和在过去15年间一同成长起来的青年人都不可缺少的一种思想基础。

我上小学时，班上有位小姑娘，学习非常刻苦而成绩却不尽人意。

老师要我帮助她。看得出，她也寄厚望于我。但我那时还是个小男孩，坐不住，不懂事。我老是ME避她。以便有更多时间自己玩。

期末考试前一天，她来求我说“请你给我讲解一下行吗?这次我很想考得好一点。”我开始给她讲解，不一会儿便草草收场，假装没有察觉她迷茫的眼神，一溜烟儿地跑开了。不出所料，这次她又考砸了。两个月后，新学期依始，传来她死于血癌的消息。我没有完成那项小小的任务，无人知晓。但我却不能原谅自己。她的眼睛令我难以忘怀，仿佛在责问我，“你为什么不愿多帮助我呢?这对于你来说，并不费事。你为什么不能理解我对你的信赖，而让我带着痛苦和遗憾离开这个世界?”

我当时才八九岁。但从某种意义上讲，这件事成了我生活的新起点。因为我开始体会到“责任”二字的意义，并尽心尽力地学着完成自己的义务。我也逐渐领会了这个神圣字眼的深刻内含:人与人之间的彼此需要和信任、合作和依赖正是人类社会存在的基础。

之后，我在生活中又经受过多次失败，但那小姑娘之死所引起的懊悔，心里却不曾再现。想到自己做每一件事都能尽职尽责，一种满足之感便油然而生。

此事及类似的多起事件改变了我，完善了我。当我长大成人，我开始领悟周围发生的一切变化。我发现，从某种意义上说，社会跟我一样，正处在一个自我完善的时期。新建筑、新商品、新款式一天一个样。新思维、新信息、新技术层出不穷。即便万里相隔，人们在转瞬之间即可相互交谈。社会竞争越演越烈。

人们越来越强调个性和创造性。越来越多的人因工作努力而受到奖赏。这就是当今的时代，一代新人由成长迈入成熟的时代。这是我们这一代人接替父辈治国安邦的时代。然而，我们也面临很多间题。

据悉，坏人在光天化日之下作恶，周围的群众居然袖手旁观，无动于衷。我还听说，目前我国尚有100万儿童连小学也上不起，而巨额资金却拿去举办奢侈的宴会和购置豪华的轿车。

我们常常买的是劣质药品，或名曰药品实为一文不值的废物，非但不能除病去痛，反而会使病情加重。在某些人看来，世上金钱最宝贵，只要能赚钱，不惜牺牲道德和责任。

因而，这个时代赋予我们的是更强烈的竞争和效率意识，使我们更善于批判性地思考和创造性地行动。

此外，这个时代要求我们这一代人必须认清自己肩负的历史重任，下定决心，采取行动，解决上述问题。长期以来，历史一直在我们这一代人身上培养着这些品质。现在，历史呼唤我们挺身而出，以实际行动向全民族及全人类证实我们的拳拳爱国之心和大无畏的英雄主义。

此刻，我站在讲台上回顾15年来的学生生活。今后的岁月，我很可能平平淡淡地度过。但这丝毫不会让我心灰意冷。因为我知道，凭借强烈的责任感和精益求精的不懈奋斗，我将追求一种有意义的生活，一种不枉此生的生活。

此刻，我站在讲台上回顾过去，15年来祖国取得的巨大成就激励着千千万万的同龄人。我们之中大多数人将与名利和权力无缘。只有极少数人或许会后世留芳。对此我们丝毫也不会在意。因为我们知道，世界在观望，世界在倾听。在这个大量机遇和激烈竟争并存的时代，我们国家究竟去向何方，整个世界都在关注。

我永远不会忘记班上那位小姑娘。她本应该却没能和在座各位一样享受今天美好的人生和明日充满希望的世界。

接受新世纪的挑战，把我们的血汗、智慧和热情奉献给建设祖国、造福人民的伟大历史事业。这就是我们这一代人的神圣职责。

我们决不逃避责任，决不辜负人民的期望。我们的业绩将四海传扬。我们的故事将被反复讲述，定会令人惊叹不已，以至热泪盈眶。

有幸与时代为伍的朋友们，让我们勇往直前，以胜利的姿态迎接光辉灿烂的新世纪的来临! 演说者简介】刘欣(1975一)，南京大学外国语学院英语系学生，在1995年底的校级英语演讲赛中脱颖而出，代表南京大学参加1996年3月22日在北京举行的“21世纪杯全国大学生英语演讲比赛”.以《选择的重要性》为题发表演说，夺得比赛第一名。

Knowing the Consequences of Choice

Over the past Spring Festival, I got involved in a family dispute. Right before I got home, four satellite channels of CCTV were added to the 14 channels we had already had. In prime time at night, they all had interesting shows. Therefore, the five of us-my parents, my sisters and I-had to argue over what to watch. Finally, we agreed that we should watch the "most interesting" programme... If we

could agree what that was.

However, all of us there remember that for a long time after we had TV, there were only one or two channels available. The increase in options reveals an important change in our life: the abundance of choice.

Fifteen years ago we all dressed in one style and in one colour. Today, we select from a wide variety of designs and shades.

Fifteen years ago, we read few newspapers. Today, we read English newspapers like the

China Daily and the 21st Century, as well as various Chinese newspapers.

Fifteen years ago, English majors took only courses in language and literature. Today, we also study Western culture, journalism, business communications, international relations, and computer science.

The emergence of choices marks the beginning of a new era in China's history; an era of diversity, of material and cultural richness, and an era of the rebirth of the Chinese nation.

We enjoy the abundance of choice. But this has not come easily.

About 150 years ago, China was forced to open up its door by Western canons and gunboats. It has been through the struggle and sacrifice of generations that we finally have gained the opportunity to choose for ourselves. The policy of reform and openness is the choice that has made all the difference.

Like others of my age, I'm too young to have experienced the time when the Chinese people had no right to choose. However, as the next century draws near, it is time to ask: What does choice really mean to us young people?

Is choice a game that relies on chance or luck? Is choice an empty promise that never materializes? Or is choice a puzzle so difficult that we have to avoid it?

First, I would like to say: To choose means to claim opportunities.

I am a third-year English major. An important choice for me, of course, is what to do upon graduation. I can go to graduate school, at home or abroad. I can go to work as a teacher, a translator, a journalist, an editor and a diplomat. Actually, the system of mutual selection has allowed me to approach almost every career opportunity in China.

Indeed, this is not going to be an easy choice. I would love to work in such big cities as Beijing or Shanghai or Shenzhen. I would also love to return to my hometown, which is intimate, though slightly lagging in development. I would love to stay in the coastal area where life is exciting and fast-paced. I would also love to put down roots in central and western China, which is underdeveloped, but holds

great potential.

All of these sound good. But they are only possibilities. To those of us who are bewildered at the abundance of opportunities, I would like to say: To choose means to accept challenge.

To us young people, challenge often emerges in the form of competition. In the next century, competition will not only come from other college graduates, but also from people of all ages and of all origins.

With increasing international exchanges, we have to face growing competition from the whole outside world. This is calling for a higher level of our personal development.

Fifteen years ago, the knowledge of a foreign language or of computer operation was considered merely an advantage. But today, with wider educational opportunities, this same knowledge has become essential to everyone.

Given this situation, even our smallest choices will require great wisdom and personal determination.

As we gain more initiative in choice making, the consequence of each choice also becomes more important.

As we gain more initiative in choice making, the consequence of each choice also becomes more important.

Nuclear power, for instance, may improve our quality of life. But it can also be used to

damage the lives and possessions of millions.

Economic development has enriched our lives but brought with it serious harm to our air, water and health.

To those of us who are blind to the consequences of their choices, I would like to say, To choose means to take responsibility. When we are making choices for ourselves, we cannot casually say: "It's just my own business. " As policy makers of the next century, we cannot fail to see our responsibility to those who share the earth with us.

The traditional Chinese culture teaches us to study hard and work hard so as to honor our family. To me, however, this family is not just the five of us who quarreled over television programmes. Rather, it is the whole of the human family. As I am making my choices, I will not forget the smile of my teacher when I correctly spelled out the word "China" for the first time, I will not forget the happy faces of the boys and girls we helped to send back to school in the mountains of Jiangxi Province. I will not forget the tearful eyes of women and children in Bosnia, Chechnya and Somali, where millions are suffering from war, famine or poverty.

All these people, known and unknown, make up our big human family. At different points, they came into my life and broaden my perspective. Now as I am to make choices for myself, it is time to make efforts to improve their lives, because a world will benefit us all only if every one in it can lead a peaceful and prosperous life.

选择的重要性

去年春节期间，我陷入过一场家庭纷争。在我回家之前，我们家的电视除了已有的14个频道外又增加了四个卫星频道。晚上的黄金时间，每个频道的节目都很精彩.结果，我们一家五口(父母，两个姐姐和我)为了选台而争执起来。最后，我们决定应当看“最有意思”的节目——如果我们在什么是“最有意思”上可以认同的话。

不过我们全都清楚地记得，买了电视后的好长一段时间里，只有一两个频道可供选择。电视频道的增多反映出我们生活中的一个重大变化:选择余地的扩大。

15年前，我们身着同样的款式，单一的色调。而如今，纷繁的花色和众多的式样让我们挑得眼花缭乱。

15年前，我们几乎无报可读。而如今，除了大大小小的中文报纸，我们还读上了《中国日报》、《21世纪报》这样的英文报纸。

15年前，英语专业的学生只能选语言与文学课程。而如今，我们还学习西方文化，新闻，商务，国际关系，甚至还有计算机课程。

选择的涌现标志着中国进入了一个崭新的时代，一个充满多样化的时代，一个物质与精神都愈加丰富的时代，一个中华民族获得新生的时代。

我们为选择之多而欢呼雀跃，同时也深深地感到这一切来之不易。

一个半世纪之前，在西方大炮、战舰的威通下，中国被迫打开了国门。经过祖祖辈辈的抗争与牺牲，我们才最终赢得了当家作主的机会。改革开放这个正确的抉择使一切发生了翻天覆地的变化。

我和其他同龄人一样，太年轻了、没有经历过中国人丧失选择权的岁月。但是，随着下个世纪的脚步越走越近，我们是该们心自间了:选择，对于我们青年一代，到底意味着什么? 选择，是场靠侥幸来获胜的游戏吗?是句不用兑现的空话吗?抑或是种让人知难而退的困境? 首先，我认为，选择意味着抓住机遇。

我是英语专业三年级学生，我所面临的一个重大选择当然是毕业后的去向。我可以攻读硕士学位，或在国内，或在国外。我可以走上工作岗位，做名教师，翻译，记者，编辑或外交家.实际上，双向选择的体制在我面前铺开了通向各行各业的大道。

说真的，这个选择并不好做。我愿意在像北京、上海、深圳这样的大都市里工作，我也盼着能回到虽不那么发达却使我倍感亲切的故乡。我希望可以留在生活节奏快，令人兴奋的沿海地带，我也愿意扎根于广炭的中西部地区，那里虽然条件艰苦，却有极大的发展潜力。所有这一切听上去令人振奋，但它们毕竟只是可能性。有些人面对五花八门的选择挑得眼花缭乱，我要告诉他们:选择就意味着接受挑战。

对于我们青年一代，挑战常以竟争的形式出现。到下个世纪，竞争者将不仅只是其他大学毕业生，更有各行各业不同年龄层的人们。

随着国际交流的不断增多，我们得面对来自整个外部世界日益激烈的竞争，这就对我们个/、的发展提出了更高的要求。

15年前，懂门外语或会用计算机是个优越条件。但今天，随着受教育面的拓宽，以上的知识也成了每个人必备的条件。

在这种形势下，即便最细小的选择也要求我们具有极大的智慧和自主精神。

当我们面对选择不断增强自己的主动性时，每一次选择的结果也同样变得愈加重要。

比方说，核能可以提高人民的生活水平，可它同样也能毁灭千百万人的生命财产。

经济的发展使我们富裕起来，却也给我们的空气、水、健康带来了严重危害。有些人对选择的后果毫不在乎，我要对他们说:选择还意味着承担责任。我们替自己做选择时，不能随口一句“这不关别人的事”。作为下个世纪的决策者，我们必须承担对和我们共同拥有这个地球的人们所负的责任。

传统的中华文化教育我们，要勃奋学习，努力工作，以荣耀家门。然而我认为，这个家门并不只指诸如我的那个争看电视的五口小家。更确切地说，它指的是整个人类这个大家庭。当我为自己的未来做出选择时，我不会忘记自己第一次正确读出“China"这个单词时老师脸上的笑容。我也不会忘记在我们的帮助下重返校园的江西山区的孩子们兴奋的脸庞。我更不会忘记饱受战火、饥荒、贫困蹂蹦的波斯尼亚、车臣、索马里，不会忘记那里成千上万的妇女儿童泪水模糊的双眼。

所有这些我认识或不认识的人们组成了人类这个大家庭。他们从不同的时空中走进了我的生活，开拓了我的视野。现在，我将为自己做出抉择，该是为使他们的生活变得美好而奋斗的时候了。因为只有当每个人都过上和平、富足的生活，世界才能成为大家的乐园.

I Regain Confidence

By Li Jun (李军青岛海洋大学)

(2001年11月下旬，在上海举行的第七届“21世纪?爱立信杯”英语演讲比赛华东地区比赛中获得第一名)

专家点评:本演讲语言较流畅，从具体事件人手，将主题升华，催人奋进。

I received a devastating blow to my self-confidence in the first interview of my college years. I applied to be a host in our Student Acting Troupe and felt confident that I would be accepted. But one of the panel members told me: "You seem inadequate and you are a little vertically-challenged." My life has never been the same since. I used bigger heels to complement my height and psychological maneuvers and tricks to hide my lack of confidence. But no matter how hard I tried to look the part, there was still something missing.

As president of English Club, I organized the rehearsal of Snow White for an English party. Unfortunately, we could not find an actor to be the last dwarf. It had to be someone who was humorous by nature and fluent in English. Suddenly, all eyes turned to me, and I knew I would have to be the dwarf. To my great surprise and delight, once on stage, I was totally absorbed in the performance and my humorous nature was put to full use. As the dwarf, I was a big hit.

Yes, each of us is only one among millions of others, but each of us is an individual and

each of us is unique. Cultivating our individuality will transform our lives, making of them a kaleidoscope of new colors and textures.

A world deprived of diversity would be a bland and boring place. The real tragedy is not being short or shy or ugly, but having your identity lost in a world in which everyone is a clone of a model cool boy or a flawless charming girl.

Given a choice, I would rather be ugly than live in such a world. I'd rather be a genuine dwarf accompanying a Snow White than be a Snow White among nothing but Snow Whites. I would rather be myself. I would contribute my individual and unique colors to create a more diverse universe. Please, be yourself.

译文:我重树信心

大学生活的几年里，当我参加第一次面试时，我的自信心受到了沉重的打击。我向“学生剧团”申请出演一个主角，而且我十分自信地认为我会被录用。但是,其中有个剧团成员告诉我:“你似乎不太合适出演这个角色，因为你的身高有点问题。”我从未遇到过这种情况。我穿着高跟鞋来弥补我的身高，采用心理策略和技巧来掩盖自己信心的缺乏。但是，不论我怎样努力进入角色，感觉还是缺少些什么。

作为英语俱乐部的主席，我为英语晚会组织排演了《白雪公主》短剧。不幸的是，我们找不到合适的人选出演最后一个小矮人。这个角色必须生性幽默，英语流利。突然，所有人的目光都转向了我，我知道那个小矮人就是我了。让我极度奇怪而又高兴的是，一上台，我完全投入到演出中，而且我那幽默的天性被发挥得淋漓尽致。作为一个‘’小矮人”，我取得了巨大的成功。

的确，我们中的任何一个人都是千百万中的一员，但我们中的每个人都是一个与众不同的个体。发挥我们自己的个性会改变我们的生活，使它们成为美丽的万花筒。

失去了多样性的世界是个冷漠、乏味的地方。真正的悲剧不是个矮、害羞或丑陋，而是将自己的个性迷失在一个克隆的世界里，那里到处都是典型的酷男孩或无瑕、迷人的好姑娘。如果让我选择，我宁可面貌五陋，也不愿生活在这样一个世界里。我宁可做一个伴随“白雪公主”的真实的小矮人，也不愿做“白雪公主”世界里的一个白雪公主，而随波逐流。我宁可作为一个真实的自我而出现。我愿将自己独特的、与众不同的色彩奉献给多姿多彩的世界。“走自己的路，让别人去说吧!”

Enjoy Yourself While Fulfilling Responsibility

By Wang Yu王羽四川师范大学)

(2001年11月8日，在西安举行的第七届"21世纪?爱立信杯”英语演讲比赛西北地区比赛中获得第一名)

专家点评:本文主题突出，以小见大，寓意深刻，语言朴实自然，表达的情感强烈，是一篇演讲佳作。

In my 18 years of life, there have been many things. University days are the best part of them. I can never forget the days when I stepped into my university. I was impressed by its garden-like campus, its enthusiastic students and especially its learning atmosphere. I at once fell in love with it.

After the arduous military training, I get absolutely absorbed in my studies. The classes given by the teachers are excellent. They provide us with information not only from our textbooks but from many other sources as well. They easily arouse my insatiable desire to take in as much as I can.

Frankly speaking, at first I had some difficulty following the teachers. However, through my own efforts and thanks to my teachers' guidance, I made remarkable progress. Now I've

benefited a lot from lectures and many other academic reports.

Learning is a long process; I'll keep exploring in the treasure house of knowledge to enrich myself. This summer I got out of the ivory tower and entered the real world. A publishing house offered me a part-time job in compilation and revision.

At the beginning I was belittled by my colleagues. But they were really surprised when I translated seven English articles over 5,000 words on only one day. Gradually, they began to look at me with respectful eyes. In their opinion I turned out to be a useful and trustworthy colleague.

I also realize that only those who bring happiness for others can be truly happy. So I often take part in activities concerning public welfare. I once went to a barren mountain village with my classmates. We taught the kids there who could not afford school. While showing them how broad and how civilized the outer world is, I was deeply touched by their eagerness to learn, their honesty and their purity. I couldn't control my tears on the day when we left. The precious experience with the poor kids made me aware of the responsibility on the shoulders of us, future teachers.

Besides study and social practice, there are entertainments as well. I do body building every day, hoping to keep healthy and energetic. We also write a play and put it on in our spare time.

Campus life is the most splendid time. But different people have different choices. The majority of students cherish their beautiful season and cherish the hope that one day they'll become outstanding. But there are indeed some students still under ignorance. They gather together for eating, drinking or playing cards. They're busy in searching for a girlfriend or a boyfriend. They forget completely about their mission as college students and the hope of their motherland.

Finally, I do hope everybody can try their best to become a worthy citizen of the country. I do hope everybody can become the backbone of our nation and make great contributions to society!

译文:享受生活、不忘使命

在我这18年的生命中，有着许多美好的经历，而大学生活则是其中最难忘的一段。我永远不会忘记刚刚跨进大学校园的那几天:花园一样的校园，热情活跃的学生，特别是那里的学习气氛，给我留下了深刻的印象。

经过了一段艰辛的军事训练后，我完全融入到了学习中。老师的讲课真是棒极了。他们传授给我们的不仅是课本上的知识，还包括其他各种各样的信息。我渴望获得尽可能多的知识，是老师激发起了我这个不能满足的欲望。

坦率地说，一开始我还不能跟上老师的讲课。但是，通过我自己的努力以及老师的指导，我取得了巨大的进步。我从老师的授课和其他许多学术报告中获益匪浅。

学习是个循序渐进、长期的过程，我会在知识的宝库中不断探索，丰富自我。今年暑假，我跨出象牙塔，进入并接触到了真正的社会。一个出版社给了我编辑和校对的兼职工作。工作初期，同事们都礁不起我。但是，当我在一天之内翻译完7篇(总字数超过5000字)的英语文章后，他们真的是

大吃一惊。渐渐地，他们开始用尊敬的眼光看待我。他们认为，我变成了一个有用并值得信赖的好同事。

我也同样意识到，只有那些为别人带来幸福的人才能真正的幸福。因而，我经常参加有关公众福利享业的活动。有一次，我和同学去了一个贫痔的山区村庄。在那里，我们教那些

没钱上学的孩子。我向他们展示了一幅宽广、文明的外部世界的画面，但同时我也被那些孩子学习的渴望、他们的真诚和纯洁深深打动了。在我们离开的那一天，我那不争气的眼泪禁不住流了下来。这次珍贵的经历让我们这些未来的教师意识到了自己肩上的责任重大。除了学习和社会实践，我还经常参加娱乐活动。我每天都锻炼身体，希望保持健康和充满活力。我们还在业余时间写剧本并排练演出。

园生活是最丰富多彩的。但是，不同的人有着不同的选择。大多数的学生珍惜他们的美好时光，并殷切希望将来能出类拔萃。可是，的确有学生无动于衷。他们聚在一起吃喝玩乐;他们忙于追求异性朋友;他们完全忘记了自己作为大学生的使命和祖国对他们的厚望。

最后，我希望每个人都能尽最大努力成为国家的有用人才。我也希望每个人都能成为我们民族的脊梁，为社会做出巨大的贡献!

Nature Is Our Mother

By Tan Ying(谭英湖南大学)

专家点评:文章开头较有新意，全文贯穿环保意识，主题鲜明、有强烈的时代感。

Let me begin my speech with a replay of scenes familiar to most, if not all, of those present here today.

"Mum, I'm sorry, but I need 3,000 yuan for my tuition this year."

"Mum, it is my friend's birthday tomorrow, I must buy her a present."

"Mum, this jacket was out of fashion long ago, would you do me a favor? "

Take. Take. Take. The relationship between a mother and a child always seems to follow such a pattern. I know my mother is always there for me, providing me with everything I need; from food to clothing, from tuition to pocket money. I never thought twice about all she did until one day she said, "Will there be a time that you'll say you have taken enough from me? "

Like a child endlessly asking, we humans, throughout history, have been continually demanding what we desire from nature. We enjoy the comfort and beauty of our furniture, yet we never bother to think about the serious soil erosion caused by deforestation. We take it for granted that we must warm ourselves in winter times, yet we seldom realize the burning away of precious natural resources. We appreciate all the prosperity from the development of modern industry, yet few would give the slightest consideration to the global air and water pollution caused by industrial wastes. Our ruthless exploitation has permanently impaired our mother earth. As we tragically learned from last summer's floods. we cannot continue our carelessness.

Finally, standing here at the threshold of the 21st century, we cannot help thinking of our posterity. Nature is not only the mother of the present generation, but also the mother of the generations to come. How severely our descendents will criticize us if we leave them a barren and lifeless mother? How much more they will appreciate us if we give them a world of harmony to inherit? Let us start respecting and caring for nature from now on. Let us start the campaign of creating a mutually beneficial relationship between people and nature right from this moment. With this new start, I firmly believe, that our children, and our children's children will live in a brand new age of green trees, clean air, crystal water, blue sky and an even more promising world!

自然是我们的母亲

请允许我用一个我们今天在座的大部分人，就算不是全部，都很熟悉的场景来展开我的演讲。

“妈妈，不好意思，今年的学费要三千元。”

“妈妈，明天是我朋友的生日，我要给她买份礼物。”

“妈妈，这件衣服早过时了，帮我买件新的，好吗?”

索取，索取，再索取。母亲和孩子的关系似乎永远都是这一种形式。我知道母亲总是我的靠山，给我一切需要的东西，从食物到衣服，从学费到零用钱。我觉得她所做的一切都是理所当然的，直到有一天，她说:“会不会有这么一天你对我说我已经索取够了?’’

就像孩子无止境的要求一样，我们人类，从古到今，也一直在向自然索求以满足欲望。我们享受家具的美丽与舒适，但我们从来就不愿去想一想由于采伐树林而引起的严重的土壤侵蚀问题。我们认为冬天要取暖是理所当然的事情，却未曾意识到宝贵的自然资源就这样被烧掉。我们高兴地看到现代工业发展带来了繁荣，但很少人会对由于工业废物导致的全球空气和水质污染问题稍加考虑。我们无情的剥削已经永远地伤害了地球母亲。我们从去年夏天的洪灾悲剧中已经认识到，我们不能再继续漠不关心下去了。

最后，站在21世纪的门槛上，我们不禁展望着繁荣昌盛。自然不仅是现在这一代人的母亲，更是未来一代人的母亲。如果我们留给他们的是一位贫瘩、毫无生气的母亲，那么我们会受到子孙们何等严厉的批评?如果我们留给他们的遗产是一个和谐的世界，他们会对我们作出何等的称赞?让我们从现在开始尊重、关爱自然。让我们立刻开展一场建立人类与自然互惠互利关系的运动。我坚信，有了这个新的开始，我们的孩子、孩子的孩子必将生活在一个绿树青葱、空气清新、水碧天蓝的崭新世纪，一个前景更加灿烂的世界!

We Are a Normal Member of the Big Family of Nature

By Wang Yonghui(主永晖北京对外经济贸易大学)

专家点评:演讲者围绕环境污染的严重性作了一次次的说明。文章的结构严谨，也很有层次感。

Honorable judges, ladies and gentlemen. Today，we are gathering here to discuss a very hot issue. how to find harmony in a new age between man and nature? Where modern science and technology are concerned I am only a layman I have to say. However, living in this "new age" , seeing my dear ones suffering from respiratory diseases from time to time, finding the beautiful colors of green and blue are being replaced by that of gray and pale, and realizing that our mother planet is getting more and more unhealthy; I can't help trying to offer my idea and my trivial efforts to look for the answer of the question.

As the ancient Greek oracle goes: know thyself. I think in answering this above-mentioned question, this precondition is also very important.

Who are we? This is a question, which should be answered not only by those specialists, but also by every one of human beings.

Some people may proudly say: we are the masters of nature. It is true that the idea of "man can conquer nature" has dominated people's mind for years, and it is true, man has kept acting like a master and doing whatever things he wants for thousands of years. However, as the consequence of this kind of "leadership" , now the "master" seems to be confronted with problems that are far beyond his control. Facts are really very ample. The

green house effect leaves islands and cities along the coast, such as this oriental pearl-Shanghai, in danger of the disaster of being drowned; the holes of the ozone layer make the earth less suitable to live for some creatures including human beings; the phenomena of EL Nino and La Nina leave the land with serious flood and drought, and the diseases, caused by pollution, are increasing at an incredible speed... Seeing all these facts, can we still ignore the counterattack of nature? We are not the masters of nature. Facing all the disasters made by ourselves, we, mankind as a whole should realize that we are just a normal member of the big family of

nature. Any mistreatment towards nature will meet only with the revenge from her.

By saying so, I do not mean we should give a sudden stop to any development. Because that will result in a threat to the existence of human society. I mean we should treat nature equally, leaving the chance of existence and development to nature as we are obtaining the same thing, and thus we will get the situation of win-win.

I am very pleased to find that now more and more people, from every corner of the planet, have come to realize that harmony with nature is the only way to universal and continuous progress and prosperity. And I think that is why we come here from all over the country to discuss this topic today.

I want to end my speech by quoting from Mr. Nixon. "Our destiny offers, not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity." The future is not ours to see of course. However, by seizing firmly the opportunities, by knowing clearly about ourselves, we, human beings, can doubtlessly achieve the real harmony with nature!

Thank you.

译文:我们只是自然大家庭中普通的一员

尊敬的评委，女士们、先生们。今天我们聚在一起讨论一个热门的话题:如何在新时代找到人与自然的和谐?谈到科学技术，我必须承认，我是个门外汉。但是，生活在这个“新时代”，看着自己亲爱的人时刻遭受呼吸疾病的折磨，看着美丽的蓝色和绿色被灰色和苍白所代替，意识到我们的地球母亲正越来越不健康，我忍不住要提出自己的主张，奉献微薄的力量，去寻找这一问题的答案。

古希腊有这样一个神谕:了解自己。我想在回答上述的问题时，这一先决条件是很重要的。我们是谁?这是一个间题，不仅应由专家来回答，而且应该由每一个人来回答。

也许有人会自豪地说:我们是自然的主人。许多年来，“人定胜天”这一观念已在许多人心中根深蒂固，这是事实。长期以来，人类以主人的姿态随心所欲、为所欲为，这也是事实。不过，这种“主导”的后果是，今天所谓的“主人”面临着自己无法控制的问题。证据是充足的。温室效应使岛屿和沿海城市，比如上海这颗东方明珠等，处于被海水侵吞的灾难危机之中;臭氧层的空洞使得地球不再适宜于居住，对其他动物如此，对人类也一样;厄尔尼诺现象和拉尼那现象使地球早涝成灾;污染所导致的疾病正以惊人的速度传播着……看到这些现象，我们还能无视这自然的反击吗?我们不是自然的主人。面对着自己造成的灾难，我们，整个人类，应该意识到我们只是自然大家族中普通的一员。任何对自然的虐待只能遭到来自自然的报复。

我这样说，并不是指我们应该马上停止发展。因为这会导致对人类社会生存的威胁。我指的是我们应该平等地对待自然，给自然以生存和发展的机会，就像我们自身所寻求的一样。只有这样，我们才会有一个皆大欢喜的境况。

我很高兴地发现来自地球各个地方的越来越多的人，正逐步意识到与自然的和谐是不断繁荣进步的出路。这就是今天我们从全国吝地汇集在此讨论这一话题的原因。

我想引用尼克松先生的话来结束我的发言:“我们的命运给予的不是失望之杯，是机遇之博。”当然，未来不是我们能够预测的。不过，紧紧抓住机遇，清楚地了解自己，我们人类，就一定能达成与自然的和楷，谢谢。

My Definition of Success

By BaoJinlong(鲍金龙)

专家点评:演讲开头点题，直截了当，紧扣主题，语言较简洁，运用修辞得体。

It is easy to describe success in terms of money, fame and reputation. But I believe that success is not external. I believe that success comes from within. My definition of success is to

be true to yourself, and be true to others. That means, that you must cherish your personal ideal even in the face of adversity. I also believe that success is not discriminatory. Success is not restricted to such a class of people, in fact, it may be achieved by any person irrespective of his race, creed, gender and economic background. A good example of success is that of Beethoven. He is one of the world's most famous composers, yet he was deaf. He could not hear the majestic pieces of music that he created. Yet, in the face of this adversity, he was able to maintain his ideals--that of composing music.

To exemplify what success means to me, I pose a question to all of you. What brings us together here today? I believe that it is the beauty of the spoken word. The effect of pause and the sound of rhetoric are unique to the spoken word. I believe the beauty of the spoken word is even stronger for those who have difficulty in expressing themselves. These people are reclusive and had their emotions hidden within them. I once went to Australia and I saw two pictures, Once was drawn by a normal child, the other was drawn by a child with social inhibitions. The picture drawn by the normal child was simple and plain. The other was life-like, full of details and imagination. What this shows is that these are ideas, emotions and feelings that are locked internally in these

children.

My ideal is to be the key, spreading the beauty of the spoken words to these children. These children have been neglected, but I feel that I can and should help these children to find themselves and be able to express themselves.

I realize that this is a difficult task, and there are many obstacles on the way. But I believe in my ideals and I will stick to them--even in the face of adversity. We should never have a premature abortion of ideals--let the child, let our ideals, stand the challenge. For a life without ideals is not living.

Thank you!

译文:成功之我见

用金钱、名誉和声望来描述成功，这很简单。但我相信成功不是外在的，我相信成功来源于自身。我对成功的定义是对已诚实，待人真诚。这就意味着即使面临困境厄运，你都必须坚守自己的理想。我同样相信成功没有偏见，成功不属于某一类人，事实上，不论种族、宗教信仰、性别和经济背景，任何人都能够获得。贝多芬的成功就是个很好的例子。他是世界上最著名的作曲家之一，而他却双耳失聪。他无法听到自己创作出的美妙乐章。然而，身

处如此逆境，他仍然能够坚持自己的理想——作曲。

为了举例说明我对成功的理解，我想给在座的诸位提一个问题。是什么让我们大家今天在此相会?我想是语言世界的美丽让我们走到了一起。停顿的效果和修辞之声是话语世界所独一无二的。我相信那些说话表达困难的人们对话语世界中的美丽体会得更为深刻。这些人都隐遁世间，把自己的感情深藏于心。我曾经去过澳大利亚，在那里看到了两幅画。一幅是正常儿童画的，另一幅是一个社会生活受限制的孩子画的。正常的孩子画的画简单、朴素，

而另一幅却贴近现实生活，充满了细节和想象。这表明这些孩子的思想、情绪和感受都封闭在他们的内心深处。

我的理想是成为向这些孩子传播话语世界美好的钥匙。这些孩子曾被我们忽视，但我觉得我能够也应该帮助他们发现和认识自己，并且能够表达自己的想法。

我知道这是个艰巨的任务，实现起来会遇到许多困难和障碍。但我笃信自己的理想，并将

坚守下去——即使逆境重重。我们千万不能对一个理想作出不成熟的弃绝决定——让这些孩子，让我们的理想经受挑战。因为，没有理想的生活是没有生气的。

谢谢!

My Definition of Success

By Chen Heng陈恒上海外国语大学

获得第五届全国英语演讲比赛冠军)

专家点评:演讲开头用了一个寓言故事，十分生动，最后点出对成功的看法，达到了点题的效果。

“Once upon a time，there was a king who had a daughter as beautiful as a blooming rose. To all the suitors who came to the king's palace to ask for the hand of the princess, the old king assigned three tasks to be accomplished, each next to impossible. One day, into the king's palace came a handsome young prince..." Well, you know the rest. The three tasks may be different in different versions, but the main plot is always the same, with the prince claiming the princess's hand triumphantly.

And the ending is always the same, finishing with the line "And they live happily every after." Why aren't we tired of something so fanciful, so unrealistic, and, I would say, so unimaginative? How can a story like that endure generations of repetition`? Because, I think, it is a typical success story. It is highly philosophical and symbolic. By implication, we see a 4-step definition of success: 1 ) a goal to be set. as represented by the beautiful princess; 2 ) challenges to be met, as represented by the three tasks; 3 ) the process of surmounting difficulties, as represented by the ordeals the youth goes through; and 4 ) the reward of success, as represented by the happy marriage.

The story not only caters to everyone's inward yearning for success, but also emphasizes the inseparability of the process and the result. The reward of success will be much amplified if the path leading towards it is treacherous, and vice versa. If a person inherits his father's millions and leads an easy life, he is not a successful person even in material terms, because there are no difficulties involved in his achieving affluence. The term "success", to be sure. will not sit still for easy definition. But as I understand it, the true meaning of success entails a combination of both the process and the satisfactory result of an endeavor. To clarify my view, let me give another analogy.

If we changed the rules of football, greatly enlarged the goal and sent away David Seaman or any other goal keeper, so that another David, namely David Beckham, could score easily, then scoring would not give him the thrill of accomplishment and the joy that it brings. If we further changed the rules by not allowing Arsenal's defenders to defend, so that Beckham needed only to lift a finger, actually a toe, to score, then there would be no game at all, because the meaning of winning would have disappeared. In accepting the challenge, in surmounting the difficulties and in enduring the hardship, success acquires its value. The sense of attainment varies in proportion to the degree of difficulties on overcomes.

The concept of success is not constant but relative because the nature of difficulty is also relative. Something you do effortlessly might pose a great difficulty for a handicapped person. In acquiring the ability to do the same as you can, he or she achieve success. That's why we greatly admire Stephen Hawking, because, though confined to a wheel chair, he has contributed greatly to the field of science.

I myself, a rather shy person by nature who easily suffer from stage fright, had to pluck up

great courage to take part in a speech contest like this. I could have stayed away and had an easy time of it by not entering the university level contest.But I chose to accept the challenge and to face the difficulties. Now here I am. If I come out first, it will be a great success for me. If I come out last-I hope this will not be the case-but if I come out last, I will not call my attempt a failure, but will also celebrate it as a true success, because part of my goal is my own character training-to do more assertive, to be brave in face of difficulties. For me, it is a meaningful step forward, small as it is, in the long journey toward the final success in my life, because I have truly gained by participating.

Let us return to our handsome young prince and the 4-step definition of success. You my have noticed that the usual worldly criteria of wealth, position and fame were not mentioned as part of the story, but rather, it emphasized the process of overcoming difficulties. The ancient wisdom had already defined the meaning of success, and this is my definition, too.

Thank you.

译文:成功之我见

“很久以前，有个国王，他的女儿貌美如花。老国王向所有来求婚的男士提出了三个任务作为挑战，而每一项任务都异常艰巨，几乎不可能完成。一天，来了一位年轻英俊的王子……”好了，下面的故事你们都知道了。三项任务在不同的版本中各不相同，但关键部分的情节都如出一辙:王子成功地过关，得到了公主的芳心。而故事的结局也都一样，最后一句都写道:“从此他们幸福地生活在一起。

为什么我们对如此美妙、如此不切实际,而我要说,如此缺乏想象力的东西这么乐此不疲呢?这样的故事又如何能够经历几代人的重复?我想，因为它是典型的成功的例子。故事的思想性很强，具有代表性。通过故事带给我们的启示，我们认识到了成功定义中的四个步骤;第一，目标的设定，有如故事里美丽的公主;第二，所遇到的困难和挑战，就像三大任务;第三，克服困难的过程，故事中青年经历重重难关可以作为象征;第四，就是成功的果实，如同幸福的婚姻。

这个故事不仅迎合了人们内心深处对成功的向往，也强调了过程和结果的不可分离。如果通往成功的道路崎岖曲折，那么成功的回报必然硕果累累，反之亦然。如果一个人继承了父辈的百万家产而生活得轻松富足，那么，即使在物质上，他也不能算是个成功人士，因为，他的财富并没有经过艰难困苦而获得。确切地说，“成功”这个词，不是个静态简单的定义。在我的理解中，真正意义上的成功是奋斗的过程和经历了奋斗之后赢得的满意的结果。请让我另举一例来阐明我的见解。

如果我们试着改变足球的比赛规则，将球门放得很大，换下大卫?希曼或其他任何的守门员，这样，随便哪个“大卫”，比如说，“大卫?贝克汉姆”，就可以轻松进球，然而这样进一球却不能给他带来成功的震颤与喜悦。如果我们再改一改比赛规则，不让阿森纳队的防守来守门，那么，贝克汉姆只要动动手，其实就是抬抬脚就能进一球，那样的话、，实际上也没有什么比赛可言了，因为赢球的意义已经不存在了。在接受挑战、克服困难和经历磨难的过程中，“成功”的价值才得以丰满。取得成果的意义和所克服的艰难的程度成正比。所谓成功的概念不是一成不变的.而昙相对而言的,因为困难的性质也是相对意义上的。

正常人不费力气做成的事对于一个残疾人来说也许相当困难。获得了同正常人一样的能力，这个残疾人就获得了成功。这便是我们为什么崇敬史蒂芬?霍金的原因—虽然行动不便，受到了轮椅的限制，他依然为科学界作出了巨大的贡献。

就我自己而言，生性羞涩，容易怯场，不得不鼓起非常大的勇气来参加此次的演讲比赛。我完全可以待在一边，不参加大学级别的比赛，而落得轻松自在。可是，我还是选择了接受这一挑战来面对困难。现在我来了，如果我能够得第一的话.这对我来说就是巨大的成功。

如果，我是最后一名—我希望情况不是这样—但如果我真的是最后一名，我也不会认为这次的尝试是一次失败，反而我要把它当作一次真正的成功来庆贺，因为我一部分的目标是对自己性格的锻炼—更加坚强、勇敢地面对困难。对我来说，这标志着我在通向成功人生的漫漫征途中又向前迈进了一步，尽管是很小的一步，但是我确实通过参与真正地获得了收益。

回到我们年轻英俊的王子和对“成功”的四步骤定义上吧，您也许已经注意到了财富、地位和名誉等这些世俗的标准在故事中并未提及，相反故事强调了克服重重困难的过程。古代的智慧已经对成功的意义下了定义，这也是我的定义。

谢谢!

If There Were No After Life

作者：北外英语基地校长宋远利

翻译：北京外国语大学北戴河外语培训基地副校长张宝丹

Whether there’s afterlife, the answer has never been the same. The atheists deny after life, believing that our life is no more than from the cradle to the grave. They may care about their illustrious names after death; they may feel attached to the affection of their offspring, but they never lay their hopes on their afterlife. They may also say that good will be rewarded with good, and evil with evil, but they don’t really believe any retribution in their after life.

However, in the religious world or among the superstitious people, the belief in afterlife is very popular. They do not only believe in afterlife, but thousands of reincarnations as well. In the mysterious world, there are the paradise and the hell, the celestial beings and the gods, the Buddha and the Bodhisattvas.

Maybe they really believed it, or maybe they just wanted to make use of people’s veneration, the ancient emperors always declared that they were the real dragons, the sons of God, while the royal ministers claimed to be the reincarnations of various constellations. But can the stars reincarnate?

Many people burn incense and kowtow, do good deeds and strive for virtues, not just for the present, but mainly to let God see their sincerity so as to be reborn into a better afterlife, or to achieve the highest enlightenment after several lives of practice. They do believe in afterlife. But I can’t help asking: Suppose there were no afterlife, would you still do good deeds and strive for virtues? And If God does not see what you are doing, would you still be so upright and selfless? If you work, not for serving the public and liberating the others, but just for a better afterlife of your own, isn’t it a little too selfish? Comparing with this kind of believers, those who don’t believe in afterlife, but still keep doing good deeds, are the most sincere and honest philanthropists, because they do them not for themselves but for other.

You may wonder if I believe in afterlife. My answer is: I know nothing about my previous life, so I dare no t make improper comments on afterlife. But I do hope there’s afterlife! Because our present life is so short that so many things slip away before our proper understanding. I have so many dreams, so many wishes, so many ambitions, as well as so many regrets and concerns. If there were no afterlife, all of them will remain unrealized!

I’m not contented with the present commonplace life, I’m very much attached to the affections that should have been mine but have been washed away by the hurrying time, and I yearn for the perfection and maturity if I could start all over again. So believe it or not, I’d rather there were afterlife.

Translated by Zhang Baodan (Diana)

May 1, 2004

假如没有来世

有没有来世，众说纷纭。无神论者，不相信来世。他们认为从生到死，仅此而已。他们可能在意身后的英名，他们可能留恋后代的亲情，但他们不寄希望于来世。他们也会说善有善报，恶有恶报，但并不相信下辈子报应什么。

在宗教领域、或在一些迷信的人群，来世之说比较盛行。不仅是来世，甚至会认为有千百次的轮回。在那未知而飘渺的世界，有天堂，有地狱，有神族，有仙界，有菩萨、有佛祖。也许真的相信、也许是为了利用人们的敬畏心里，古代的帝王们总是宣称自己是真龙天子，大臣们则标榜为天上的什么文曲星、武曲星或太白金星转世。星星能转世吗？

许多人烧香、磕头，行善、修德，并不都是为了眼前，而是为了让上天看见自己的真诚，以便下辈子有个好的托生，或者几世之后能修成正果。这些人自然是相信来世的。但我不禁要问：如果没有来世，你们会不会一样行善、修德呢？如果神灵看不见，你们是否也会公正无私呢？如果不是为了解脱他人和服务大众才去修行，如果仅仅是为了自己将来托生好才去行善，是否有些自私呢？比较起来，那些不相信来世而又坚持行善的人，则应该是最真、最诚的大善。因为他们不是为自身，而是为公理。

也许有人会问作者，你相信来世吗？我的回答是：我不知道前生，因而也不敢妄谈后世。但我真的希望能有来世！因为这辈子时间太短，许多事情都是在还没弄明白的时候，就已经匆匆过去了。我有那么多的理想，我有那么多的心愿，我有那么多的奢望，我有那么多的遗憾，我有那么多的牵挂，我有那么多的雄心壮志，如果没有来世，那就一切皆空了。我不甘心眼前的碌碌无为，我留恋被岁月冲走的本应属于我的亲情，更向往从头再来的完美和成熟。为此，信也好，不信也好，我宁愿有来世。

Tips for Making an Effective Speech

1、You must speak up and project your voice even if you are using a microphone.

2、Your voice should be resonant and sustained when you speak.

3、Pitch your voice slightly lower than normal. Listeners tend to associate credibility and authority with a relatively deep voice.

4、Try to end declarative sentences on a low tone without, however, trailing off in volume.

5、Slow down.

1、即使是用麦克风，也要声音响亮并运气发声。

2、声音要有回声并能稍持续一阵儿。

3、音调要定得比正常讲话时低一些，听众往往把可信度和权威性与一个相对低沉的声音联系在一起。

4、尽量用降调结束陈述句，但不要减弱音量。

5、放慢语速。

段津简介：

段津先生1953年毕业于北京外国语学院，被派往朝鲜开城中国人民志愿军停战谈判代表团任翻译，属于新中国第一代英语翻译。曾为陈毅、邓小平、李先念、郭沫若等老一代国家领导人会见外宾时当翻译，先后担任中国驻加拿大大使馆新闻参赞、中国驻温哥华总领事、

外交部新闻司副司长兼外交部发言人、中国驻澳大利亚悉尼总领事、中国人民外交学会副会长。

在长年的外交工作中，段津先生积累了丰富的英语口译、笔译经验，擅长用英语演讲，著有《如何用英语作精彩演讲》一书(世界知识出版社出版)。

段津对英语演讲的总体认识：

演讲艺术：中西方差距明显

我们的社会政治情况与国外不太一样。美国人从小学开始就要竞选这个、竞选那个，比如俱乐部经理、学生会主席，跟政治竞选差不多，所以他们的讲演发达，在讲演培训方面也开展得比较好。在西方国家，特别是英语国家更加重视演讲。中国在这方面滞后了一点儿，但是现在讲演的风气开始兴盛，这很是令人喜悦。随着我们对外经贸、外交关系的拓展，学英语讲英语的形势更加喜人。我去年跟一批中学生专门进行英语讲演讲座，他们怀着很大的兴趣听我讲。对外经贸大学也曾经请我去讲过怎么样对外国人进行沟通。最近华北地区的大学生讲演比赛，我去当了裁判。

英文演讲和中文演讲相比有哪些区别？

段津：实际上一样，关键在于了解演讲对象，减少冗余信息。

中文演讲和英文演讲实际上是一样的，关键是看你演讲的对象。不管是用中文还是用英文演讲，首先你要对自己的听众要有一个很好的了解。在国外讲演，讲演超过半个小时，你就要考虑这个时间是不是快到了，绝不要超过50分钟。而且应该留出一半以上的时间让听众来提问题。在中国情况就有所不同，因为过去的习惯，有的时候往往邀请方要求我讲三个小时。实际上现在中国人也愿意听短话，特别是没有什么信息量的套话说法，

我们的演讲如何运用语言魅力打动听众？适应听众思维习惯？

段津：在讲演当中，语言文字的运用很重要。第一，语言表达纯熟清晰。第二，以对方习惯的方式、喜欢的方式来讲。第三，要有内容。当听众通过赞扬英文的办法来赞扬你时，例如观众对你说Articulate，这是表示你讲得非常清晰，你听到这样的评语之后，实际上就说明你的内容已经打动了人。

根据我的经验，适应听众思维习惯，在讲演一定要注意观众的反映。我的讲话就是半个小时，必要的时候缩短20分钟。我看大家睁着眼睛很安安静静的在听，我就多讲几句。讲话不要长，讲20分钟就可以打住了，然后让人家提问题，这个10分钟是有效的10分钟，你可以根据他们提的问题，不完全是切中这个问题放大放开讲。

有了一份好的演讲稿之后，在发表演讲过程中，有人认为这是在装模作样，您怎么看待这个问题？

段津：我自己感觉到，演讲绝不是什么拿姿做态，装模作样。作为外交官代表国家讲话，这个国家已经个性化在你的身上。我觉得不要去演戏。过去讲修辞，讲动作，讲声调，后来从美国开始，慢慢就变成一种谈话式的讲话。我们在国外演讲也是。

我到悉尼去担任总领事，上任第一个活动正好碰到圣诞节，新南威尔士大学组织一次欢迎会，大家都很随便，都站在那儿。我先在站在他们的面前，我是一个陌生人，对他们来讲，我不代表个人，我不是段津，我是中国，是一个机构。但为了制造一种亲切感，我就要把机构化成个人，从个人讲起。所以我一开始就讲：“几天以前，我和我的夫人告别了北京的四室一厅的寓所，跟我上海80多岁的老父亲通了电话，跟躺在病床上的哥哥也通了电话，来到了温暖如春的悉尼，沐浴在夏天的阳光底下，跟大家一块过圣诞，这是一个很大的变化，但是我非常高兴、非常兴奋。”几分钟的演讲，让人家对新上任的总领事有一个了解。中国慢慢变成你个人，这个个人是很亲切自然的，没有什么价值的，随便聊天。但是最后我还是谈了国际形势，还谈了国内形势，对海外学子的希望。

您的外语怎么样学的？怎么样才能将自己的所学准确生动的表达，运用到演讲里去？

段津：学习也没有什么捷径可走。

1，慢慢积累，不要放弃。基础一定要打好，特别是语法的基础。我在学校学的时间不长，但是基础非常稳固。光介词的练习就不知道做了几百几千，冠词的练习，什么时候用THE，什么时候不用，这些基础都非常牢固；

2，多看、多读、多模仿。英语开始就是模仿，注意外国人的表达方法。我当时在外交学会上班时有机会接触美国、澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰广大地区的各阶层人士。另一方面我非常注意阅读。当时美国的四本周刊我都看，《新闻周刊》、《时代》等等，而且是越看不明白的东西越看；

3，要记录。写有用的短语、词句，要把它记下来，而且要注意比较外国人和中国不同的表达法。举个例子，中国人讲话的时候，谢谢大家对我的热烈欢迎，很平实的。英语国家的人讲这么一句话，“Thank you for the warm hospitality that makes me feel so welcome。”意思就是“谢谢你们的好客，这个好客使我感觉到自己如此受欢迎”。假如你没有看过英文、听过英文，你绝对不能想到这么表达。所以你就要学，就要听。我们不能说我学的时候学了，自己讲得时候还照中文讲，不能这样，要用英文来思维，越是觉得有点怪怪的，越是要学的。时间久而久之，你就不会讲中式英文。

在被邀请演讲但又不很清楚对方的具体要求时如何进行？内容上什么样的安排会收到好的效果？

段津：这种情况我会首先要进行调查研究。是谁邀请的，邀请我去跟谁讲，再根据听众的特点，自己做一个估计。

比如说我在澳大利亚时，收到一个请帖，就是澳大利亚悉尼大学。他们学生毕业典礼一千多人，让我作为唯一的外国嘉宾讲话。我的听众都是大学生、大学教授，18岁到20多岁。然后我再打电话给他们学校的组织讲演的校方询问他们希望我讲些什么东西，他给我的答复是随便，但是时间控制在10分钟。这样的话，我就有了几个信息：一个是他为什么不请美国人，请中国人，说明他对中国感兴趣。所以我根本上可以确定，我要讲讲中国的事情。中国情况；另一个是年轻学生加教授；再一个就是时间要短一点儿。这个场合是一个毕业典礼，根据这四个特点，我就准备出了一个讲稿。

具体进行的过程大概是这样的。我记得有一个英国作家讲过，你可以试一下谈别人，比如说你跟人家谈话时，你讲他的事情，他听两个小时都不腻，所以既要讲自己，也要讲别人。根据这样一个原则，我就在这个讲稿里头采取一种对比的办法。

我一上来就是澳大利亚和中国差别很大，共同点也很多，夏天我们都出汗，冬天我们都会冻得发抖，你吃饭用刀叉，我吃饭用筷子。比如说我们中国看问题是大中小，写地址是先写国名，再写省，再写城市，再写街道，再写门牌号，然后再写姓，然后写名。外国人先写名，再写姓，你的门牌号码、楼的号码、马路、城市、省份，最后是国家。整个是大颠倒。你们是由我及人，我们是由远及近。通过这些文化的对比，政治制度的对比。比如你们是议会民主，我们是半殖民地半封建的基础上建立起来的人民民主的国家，这个场合就避免人民民主专政，因为几句话讲不清楚。从文化、政治、经济对比。再就是物产，中国有多少动物、多少植物。一下子跳跃性的，一对比，共同点我们都希望和平，都希望过好日子。我们两国关系好了，对我们两国人民有什么好处。

最后，毕竟是青年学生，我引用了毛主席的一首诗，毛主席在50年代莫斯科对中国留学生讲的一段话，世界上是你们的，也是我们的，但归根结底是你们的，你们年轻人朝气蓬勃，正在兴旺时期，希望寄托在你们身上。这个话一讲，达到高潮，他们喜欢听。用伟大导师的话来打动他们。我是稿子念下来。关键是内容，内容好的话，语音语调也好，这样下来以后，那些小家伙戴着博士帽，拉着我一块照相，气氛非常热烈。

演讲是一门艺术，好的英文演讲比赛究竟用什么样的标准来评判？