直接引语变间接引语宾语从句讲解与练习附答案
直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）讲解与练习
一．讲解：
在复合句中，作宾语的句子（主谓结构）就叫宾语从句。直接引语变间接引语多数情况下构成宾语从句。变化时应注意以下几点：
1．引导词（连词）
①如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，引导词用that, that没有实际意义，口语或非正
式文体中常省略e.g He said, “My mother is a doctor.”→He said (that) his mother was a
doctor.
②如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用if。不能省略 e.g “Are you
English?” He asked m e→He asked me if I was English.
③如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用特殊疑问句的疑问词，如：what
when where which who how等，这些词有意义，不能省略：eg “How old are you ?” He asked
m e→He asked me how old I was.
二．间接引语的宾语从句中，引导词之后都必须使用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语…），肯定式的宾语从句不用助动词do(did或does) e.g.
She asked, “What does he want?”→She asked what he wanted.
He asked me ,“Do you like English?”→He asked me if I liked English.
三．时态的变化：
1.如果主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,则间接引语中宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。基本
原则是：往过去的方向推一个时态，即一般现在时变成一般过去时，现在进行时变成过
去进行时，一般将来时变成过去将来时eg:
① He asked me, “Do you have a dictionary?”→He asked me if I had a dictionary.
② She asked, “What is Tom doing? →She asked what Tom was doing.
③ She said ,“I will leave a message on his desk.”→She said that she would leave
a message on his desk.
2.如果宾语从句表达的是客观真理，自然现象。则无论主句用什么时态，间接引语中的宾
语从句一律使用现在时。eg:① The teacher said to us, “The earth goes round the
sun.”→The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun② He said, “Light
travels faster than sound. ”→He said that light travels faster than sound.
四．人称的变化与汉语中的情况大体相同，指示代词，时间状语和动词的变化见课本第99页的表格。
五．练习：Ⅰ选择填空。
( )1.He said that he ________speak a little English when he was five.
A is able to
B able
C could
D can
( )2.Please tell me where _______have our picnic tomorrow。
A we will
B will we
C you are
D will you
( )3.Did you hear________ clearly?
A what he said
B what he says
C what did he say
D how did he said
( )4.He wanted to know why _______up late.
A did she get
B she got
C does she get
D she gets
( )5.Could you tell me ________from your house to the factory?
A how far it is
B it is how far
C how far it was
D how far is it
( )6.Could you tell me if it _________ tomorrow?
A rain
B will rain
C raining
D rains
( )7.Tom asked me ________ English.
A if I likes
B if I liked
C that I like
D that I liked
( )8.Our teacher told us the earth ________around the sun.
A goes
B go
C went
D going
( )9.Do you remember what________________ when I came in?
A Tom is doing
B Tom was doing
C is Tom doing
D was Tom doing
( )10.He asked how many pictures_______。
A did they draw
B do they draw
C they will draw
D they would draw
( )11.They asked if the teacher ________them some songs the next week.
A would teach
B had taught
C will teach
D taught
( )12.He asked me if I ________in Shanghai.
A live
B lived
C is living
D will live
Ⅱ．句型转换。
1. I don’t know what to say.
I don’t know ________ ________ ________ ________.
2. “What’s your favorite color” she asked me.
She asked me what ________ favorite color _________.
3. “What are you doing?” Jim asked me.
Jim asked me ________ ________ ________ __________.
4 Tom said to me, “You are a good student.”
Tom told me ________ ________ ________ a good student.
5He said , “I will go to the Great Wall tomorrow.”
He said that he ________ ________ to the Great Wall _______ ________ ______.
6“Do you like playing football.” She asked me.
She asked me ________ ________ ________ playing football.
7“I can’t work out this math problem.” Tom said.
Tom said that ________ ________ work out ____________ math problem.
8 He asked Jim, “ Where does your pen pal come from?”
He asked Jim __________ __________ pen pal __________ from.
9. Mary asked Gina, “ Are you ill?”
Mary asked Gina _________ ________ __________ ill.
10. Tom said to me , “Pass the ball to me.”
Tom ________me ________ ________ the ball to _________.
四、专项练习
1. The new comer asked the librarian ____ he could take the book out of the library.
A. if
B. when
C. what
D. which
2. Did you ask me who _____ next day?
A. will come
B. came
C. comes
D. would come
3. –Mike didn’t tell us ____ he was leaving that day.
–I know. By air.
A. when
B. how
C. why
D. whether
4. –Hurry to the safety!
–What? You ordered us _____ to the safety.
A. hurry
B. hurrying
C. hurried
D. to hurry
5. –What does it say?
–It says that it _______ from 8 to 10.
A. is open
B. opened
C. is close
D. closed
(一) 用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. –Tom looks __________. (sleep) Why? –He worked too late yesterday.
2. Let’s check up whether our ________ is ok. (record)
3. The travel agency has made an __________ plan for us. ( excite)
4. His little girl hasn’t come back yet so he is _________ about her. (worry)
5. They didn’t give any _____________ until we asked lawyers for some help. (explain)
6. Nobody trusts him. We know he hasn’t told the _________. (true)
7. She feels ________ if someone misunderstands her.( happy)
8. Do you think Pirates of Caribbean is an _________ movie? (enjoy)
9. It is _____________ for young children to talk with strangers. (danger)
(二) 填入适当的词组完成句子。
1. ask 1) Stop! Don’t __________ troubles.
2) His parents are always ________________ his study.
2. agree 1) I am afraid I can't ______________ her.
2) Do you think he will________ take part in our volunteer activity?
3) After a serious discussion, they ____________a new price for cars.
3. arrive 1) I will call you back as soon as I ___________ Tokyo.
2) After many hours’talk, the committee ____________ a decision. 4. allow All the students are not _________________ bring MP4 here.
5. add 1) I’d like to _____ something important ____ your plan.
2) –How much is the cost?
–Including meals it will __________ to $120 per day.
(三) 根据中文提示，完成句子。
1. 我不明白为什么他从未谈到过他的家人。
I wonder why he has never ______ _______ ______ ___________.
2. 我过去怕蛇。
I used to _____ _________ _____ _________ .
3. 他告诉我他祖父经常一个人去旅游。
He told me his grandpa often went ___________ ________.
4. 我认为他不会记得曾经给过我微笑。
I don’t think he could _________ ___________ ____ _____.
5. Tom什么也没说，就离开了房间。
Tom left away from the room, __________ _____ _______.
6. 当我经过她房间时，听见她在弹钢琴。
As I passed her room, I _____ ______ ___________ _____ __________.
7. 在我13岁时，我妈妈送给我一个重要的礼物。
When I was 13 years old, my mother ______ _____ _____ ____________ __.
8. 她甜美的微笑能让我感到快乐，温暖和自信。
Her sweet smile can _________ ____ __________ , ________ and confident.
9. 你知道那边发生什么事了？这么吵!
Do you know _______ _______________ ______ _____. It is too noisy.
10. 他要求每个人都要带雨衣。
He asked everyone ____ ________ ____ ____________.
（答案：Ⅰ.1-6 CAABAB 7-12 BABDAB Ⅱ.1 what I should say 2. my was
3. what I was doing
4. that I was
5. would go the next/following day
6. if I liked
7. he couldn’t that
8. where his came
9. if she was 10. told to pass him
答案： 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. A
(一)1. sleepy 2. recording 3. exciting 4. worried 5. explanation
6. truth
7. unhappy
8. enjoyable
9. dangerous
(二)1. 1) ask for 2) asking about 2. 1) agree to 2) agree to 3) agreed on
3. 1) arrive 2) arrived at
4. allowed to
5. 1) add to 2) add up
(三)1. 我不明白为什么他从未谈到过他的家人。
I wonder why he has never talked about his family.
2. 我过去怕蛇。I used to be afraid of snakes.
3. 他告诉我他祖父经常一个人去旅游。
He told me his grandpa often went traveling alone.
4. 我认为他不会记得曾经给过我微笑。
I don’t think he could remember smiling at me.
5. Tom什么也没说，就离开了房间。
Tom left away from the room, without a word.
6. 当我经过她房间时，听见她在弹钢琴。
As I passed her room, I heard her playing the piano.
7. 在我13岁时，我妈妈送给我一个重要的礼物。
When I was 13 years old, my mother gave me an important gift.
8. 她甜美的微笑能让我感到快乐，温暖和自信。
Her sweet smile can make me feel happy, warm and confident.
9. 你知道那边发生什么事了？这么吵!
Do you know what has happened/ is happening over there? It is too noisy.
10. 他要求每个人都要带雨衣。
He asked everyone to take a raincoat.
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解_专项练习及答案
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you? 特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态
完整版直接引语变间接引语及宾语从句讲解
A 重庆戴氏高考?中考学校（白帝城校区）主讲人：李老师 英语语法复习 直接引语变间接引语语法讲解 一、人称 人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”。 一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化，如： She said. My“ brother wan ts to go with me. ” f She saidher brother wan ted to go with her. 二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称， 或被第二人你”所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称，如： He said to Kate，"How is your sister now?" f He asked Kate howher sister was the n. 第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化，如：Mr. Smith said，Jack is a good worker. ” f Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker. 、时态 直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。其基本法则和我们刚刚学过的宾语从句的时态变化一致，也就是说从句时态要和主句时态一致。如果从句是过去时，主句要向后退一格时态，变成一种过去时。 1.She said. haVe lost a pen. ” f She said s h ad lost a pen. （现在完成g过去完成） 2.She said. hop e so. ” f She said thhyped so. （一般现在g —般过去） 3.She said, wHle go to see his friend ” f She said hewould go to see his friend. 一般将来 f 过去将来） 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不 变化。 ①直接引语是客观真理。如：“The^arth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth ” , the teacher told me. f The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如： Jack said, “Jw h n^re were you going when I met you in the street? f Jack asked Johnwhere he was going whe n he met him in the street. ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：Xiao Wang said, “was born on April 20, 1980. ” f Xiao Wan g said hewas born on April 20, 1980. ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接弓I 语，时态不变。如：He said, “I get up at six every morningf He said he gets up at six every morning. ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had
上海牛津版九年级第一学期宾语从句专项讲解及练习(有答案)
宾语从句专项讲解及练习（有答案）宾语从句 一、基本概念 定义：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。 二、宾语从句分类 动词的宾语从句 e.g.He asked whose handwriting was the best. 介词的宾语从句 e.g.It depends on whether it is going to rain. 形容词的宾语从句,即系词+心理状态形容词+宾语 e.g I am afraid that he can't finish the work. 三、宾语从句用法详解 1.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。即主语+谓语的顺序。如： I hear (that) physics isn’t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. 注意：在宾语从句中带有特殊疑问词但句序不变的句子： What’s the matter? What’s your trouble? What’s your problem?
What’s up? What’s your name? 典型例题 1.Can you tell me ____? A .whom do we have to see B. whom we have to see 2. The teacher asked the students ____. A. what they were doing B. what were they doing 3. She wants to know____. A. where does he live B. Where he lives 4. Her father asked _____. A. who the tallest is B. who is the tallest 5.Do you know ____? A. what is on the desk B . what on the desk is 答案：BABBA 2.宾语从句的时态 1）. 若主句时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。即从句可用所需任何时态，如： I don’t think (that) you are right. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? He says Mary is playing with the cat . He says Mary often plays with the cat. He says Mary will play with the cat. I think he left yesterday morning. 2）. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was.
直接引语变间接引语(宾语从句)讲解与练习(附答案)
直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）讲解与练习 一．讲解： 在复合句中，作宾语的句子（主谓结构）就叫宾语从句。直接引语变间接引语多数情况下构成宾语从句。变化时应注意以下几点： 1．引导词（连词） ①如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，引导词用that, that没有实际意义，口语或非正 式文体中常省略e.g He said, “My mother is a doctor.”→He said (that) his mother was a doctor. ②如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用if。不能省略 e.g “Are you English?” He asked m e→He asked me if I was English. ③如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用特殊疑问句的疑问词，如：what when where which who how等，这些词有意义，不能省略：eg “How old are you ?” He asked m e→He asked me how old I was. 二．间接引语的宾语从句中，引导词之后都必须使用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语…），肯定式的宾语从句不用助动词do(did或does) e.g. She asked, “What does he want?”→She asked what he wanted. He asked me ,“Do you like English?”→He asked me if I liked English. 三．时态的变化： 1.如果主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,则间接引语中宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。基本 原则是：往过去的方向推一个时态，即一般现在时变成一般过去时，现在进行时变成过 去进行时，一般将来时变成过去将来时eg: ① He asked me, “Do you have a dictionary?”→He asked me if I had a dictionary. ② She asked, “What is Tom doing? →She asked what Tom was doing. ③ She said ,“I will leave a message on his desk.”→She said that she would leave a message on his desk. 2.如果宾语从句表达的是客观真理，自然现象。则无论主句用什么时态，间接引语中的宾 语从句一律使用现在时。eg:① The teacher said to us, “The earth goes round the sun.”→The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun② He said, “Light travels faster than sound. ”→He said that light travels faster than sound. 四．人称的变化与汉语中的情况大体相同，指示代词，时间状语和动词的变化见课本第99页的表格。 五．练习：Ⅰ选择填空。 ( )1.He said that he ________speak a little English when he was five. A is able to B able C could D can ( )2.Please tell me where _______have our picnic tomorrow。 A we will B will we C you are D will you ( )3.Did you hear________ clearly? A what he said B what he says C what did he say D how did he said ( )4.He wanted to know why _______up late. A did she get B she got C does she get D she gets ( )5.Could you tell me ________from your house to the factory? A how far it is B it is how far C how far it was D how far is it ( )6.Could you tell me if it _________ tomorrow? A rain B will rain C raining D rains ( )7.Tom asked me ________ English. A if I likes B if I liked C that I like D that I liked ( )8.Our teacher told us the earth ________around the sun. A goes B go C went D going ( )9.Do you remember what________________ when I came in? A Tom is doing B Tom was doing C is Tom doing D was Tom doing ( )10.He asked how many pictures_______。 A did they draw B do they draw C they will draw D they would draw ( )11.They asked if the teacher ________them some songs the next week. A would teach B had taught C will teach D taught ( )12.He asked me if I ________in Shanghai. A live B lived C is living D will live Ⅱ．句型转换。 1. I don’t know what to say. I don’t know ________ ________ ________ ________. 2. “What’s your favorite color” she asked me. She asked me what ________ favorite color _________. 3. “What are you doing?” Jim asked me. Jim asked me ________ ________ ________ __________. 4 Tom said to me, “You are a good student.” Tom told me ________ ________ ________ a good student. 5He said , “I will go to the Great Wall tomorrow.” He said that he ________ ________ to the Great Wall _______ ________ ______. 6“Do you like playing football.” She asked me. She asked me ________ ________ ________ playing football. 7“I can’t work out this math problem.” Tom said. Tom said that ________ ________ work out ____________ math problem. 8 He asked Jim, “ Where does your pen pal come from?” He asked Jim __________ __________ pen pal __________ from. 9. Mary asked Gina, “ Are you ill?” Mary asked Gina _________ ________ __________ ill. 10. Tom said to me , “Pass the ball to me.” Tom ________me ________ ________ the ball to _________.
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解-专项练习及答案
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解 小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述转化that引，一般疑问用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一．基本讲解来源：直接引语变间接引语 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 Eg: He said,“I am good at drawing”. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) 1.引导词 (1) that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当, that可省略。 Eg: She said,“I want to go there ”She said (that) she wanted to go there. (2) whether 或if 引导的宾语从句,由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。 Eg: “Are you interested in geography?” she said. She asked if/whether I was interested in geography. I wonder if /whether she has told the new to Li Lei . I’m not sure whether he will come or not. 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外 a. 介词短语后只用whether 不用if eg: We are talking about whether we'll go on the panic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not 连用时，只用whether. eg:I can?t say whether or not he will come on time c. if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句，表示‘如果’，不能用whether. Eg: If you want to be a good teacher, it will take times. Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay. (3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。 特殊疑问词为：how , when, where, why ,which whose. E.g. …What do you want?? He asked. He asked me what I wanted. I have no idea where he is now. I don?t know how to deal with it. He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class. 2.宾语从句时态 a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制 eg: Do you know if/whether he has seen the film? I?m sorry to hear that your father is ill. She says she is going to go to Beijing next week. He tells me that his sister came back yesterday. b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时态 She didn?t know why the boy was late again. (过去一般) I didn't know if/whether he had seen the film.（过去完成） I wondered when she was going to America.（过去将来） 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： Eg: He said （that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound.）The teacher told us （seeing is believing.）
直接引语变间接引语超级经典归纳
直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句） 一．直接引语和间接引语的定义。 直接引语：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语， 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。 直接引语前后加引号；间接引语不必加引号。 He said, “ I’m a student.” （直接引语）→ He said that he was a student. （间接引语）主句主句从句 二．当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时，首先要注意用特殊疑问词， 其后用陈述语序的句子，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语，连接词，语序的变化. （一）人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 ★（二）．时态变化 宾语从句时态变化规则：主现从不限；主过从四过（即4种过去的时态：一般过去时；过去进行时；过去将来时；过去完成时）；客观真理，只用一般现在时。 1.主句一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2.主句过去时，从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成一般过去时；现在进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去将来时；一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。 3.主句过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。 Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth." Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.
(三) ★(四)．连接词 1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that 或将that 省略，直接与主句相连。 2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if 或whether 。 3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how 等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 注意：当who 为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他
宾语从句,直接引语和间接引语
宾语从句 1.宾语从句的概念：在复合句中,充当宾语的是个句子，或者说句子作宾语。 2.位置：动宾，介宾 3.句子结构：主句 +连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句 宾语从句的引导词： 一、当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 例：1.Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. 2.Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party. 二、在主句为动词be加某些形容词，如sorry, sure, afraid, glad……作表语时（be+a.看作是一个动词词组），后面所跟从句也是宾语从句。 例：1.I’m sorry (that) I don’t know . 2.We’re sure (that) our team will win . 注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。 三、当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），if/whether 虽然不作成分，但是译为：“是否”，所以不能省略。 例：1.Lily wanted to know （if /whether） her grandma liked the handbag . 2.Let’s see （if /whether） we can find out some information about that city . 注：1.当句中有or 或者or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 2.在介词后面,引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 3.在动词不定式前,引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 四、当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由连接代词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接副词（when, where, why，how, how many, how old, how long,……, ）引导，每个连接词在从句中都担任一定的句子成分，意思各不相同，所以不可以省略。 例：1.Do you know what he said just now ? 2.I don’t remem ber when we arrived . 3.Please tell me who (whom) we have to see . 4. Do you know what time the plane leaves ? 五、带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句。 例：1.Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ? 2.I don’t know how far it is to the cinema . 宾语从句的时态 一、如果主句是现在或将来的某个时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 二、如果主句是过去的某个时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去
宾语从句详细讲解(整理)
宾语从句讲解 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 宾语从句有“四看”： 一看连接词； 引导宾语从句的连接词有三类： 连接词原句句式 that（无词义，在口语中常可省略）陈述句（原句是陈述句） if,whether（是否，不可省略）一般疑问句（原句是一般疑问句） who,whom,which,what,when,where,why,how 特殊疑问句（原句是特殊疑问句）连接代词（who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever） 在句中有词义，并且充当从句中的主语、宾语、表语、定语。 连接副词(where,when,how,why)在句中有词义，并且充当从句的状 语。 例句：I don’t know if /whether you can help me.我不知道你是否能够帮我。 I don’t know whether or not they will come. =I don’t know whether they will come or not. 我不知道他们来不来。 I wonder what he’s writing to me about.(w hat在从句中作宾语) 我想知道他正在写什么给我们。 We never know what he is.(what在从句中作表语) 我们从不知道他是做什么的。 He can’t decide which sweater he should buy.(which在从句中作定语) 他不确定他该买哪件衣服。 I will tell you why I asked you to come.(why在从句中作原因状语) 我会告诉你我为什么要你来。 Could you tell me where Tom has gone?（where在从句中作地点状语） 你能告诉我汤姆去哪里了吗？ I want to know when you can finish the work.（when在从句中作时间状语） 我想知道你什么时候能够完成这项工作。 二看时态：主从句时态要一致。主句为现在时态，从句可用任何时态；主句若为过去时态， 从句要用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。 He said that he would help us.他说他会帮我们的。
英语人教版九年级全册宾语从句专项讲解
初中英语语法宾语从句讲解， 注意！宾语从句小口诀： 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、基本讲解 1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if
eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时，只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you? 特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。 3.宾语从句时态 a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如： Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）? b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如： I didn't know （if/whether he had seen the film.） 注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如： He said （that the earth moves round the sun.） The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）
高中英语直接引语和间接引语用法讲解.
高中英语直接引语和间接引语用法讲解 一、概述 引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语(indirect speech)。一般地讲，直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。 Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.”布菜克先生说：“我很忙”。（直接引语） Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。（宾语从句是间接引语） 从上例看来，直接引语改为间接引语时,除将直接引语改为宾语从句之外，还须对直接引语中的人称和时态进行相应的变化，如上例直接引语中的I改成了he, am则改成了was。现将由直接引语改为间接引语时应注意的问题,分述如下： 二、直接引语是陈述句时 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省去），that 从句之前用say、tell等动词，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1、人称的变化 直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应的变化，把直接引语中的第一人称(如：I，me，my，mine，we，us，our，ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。把直接引语中的第二人称(you，your，yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人，如无听话人，可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。直接引语中的第三人称(he，him，his，she，her，hers,it，its,they,their，theirs，them)变为间接引语时，人称不变。 He said , “I like it very much.” 他说：“我非常喜欢它”。 →He said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。(I改为he, it不变) He said, “You told me this story.”他说：“你给我讲过这个故事。” →He s aid that I had told him that story.他说我给他讲过那个故事。(You改为I, me改为him, told 改为had told) He said to me, “She’s left her book in your room”.他对我说：“她把书放在你的房间里去了。”He told me that she had left her book in my room. 他对我说她把书放在我的房间里去了。（She’s→she had，her不变，your→my） 2、时态的变化 （1）主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。直接引语改为间接引语时,动词时态相应变化表： He said, “I usually watch TV on Sunday.”他说：“我常在星期天看电视”。 →He said that he usually watched TV on Sunday.他说他常在星期天看电视。 He said, “I'm using the knife.”他说：“我正在用小刀。” →He sa id that he was using the knife.他说他正在用小刀。 She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”她说：“自从五月份来我就没收到他的来信。”→She said that she had not heard from him since May. 她说自五月以来她就没收到他的来信。He said，“I came to help you.”他说：“我来帮助你。” →He said that he had come to help me.他说他来帮助我。 He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”他说：“晚饭前我己做完了作业。” →He said that he had finished his homework before supper.他说晚饭前他己做完了作业。 Zhou Lan said, “I'll do it after class.”周兰说：“下课后我就去做。” →Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.周兰说下课后她就去做。
【初中英语】 宾语从句专项讲解及练习含答案解析
【初中英语】宾语从句专项讲解及练习含答案解析 一、初中英语宾语从句 1．Which of the following sentences is correct?_ A．Could you tell me how I could deal with it? B．Celia got out of her house, it started to rain. C．I spent lots of time listening to English songs. D．With the help of the map, they reached to the mountain in the end. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：A.你能告诉我该怎么处理这个问题吗？B.西莉亚出门时开始下雨。C.我花很多时间听英语歌曲。D.在地图的帮助下，他们终于到达这座山。 考查宾语从句、动词短语。A是宾语从句，Could you tell me …“你能告诉我……”could是委婉表达请求，不是过去式，因此从句不必用过去式；B缺少连词as；D. reach 是及物动词，后面不能接介词to ；故选C。 2．--- I am a new reader. Could you tell me ? --- Certainly. Two weeks, and you can renew them. A．how long can I keep the book? B．how long I can keep the books C．when should I return the books D．when I should return the books 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我是一个新读者，请你告诉我这本书我可以借多久吗？当然了，两周，你也可以续借。根据句意，结合答语中的内容为时间段，结合renew提示，所以引导词用how long。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，而A、C为疑问句语序，故选B. 点睛：宾语从句主要注意三个方面：语序（从句要用陈述句语序）；时态（一般情况主句时一般现在时，从句根据需要选择时态；主句时过去时态，从句用相应的过去时态。）；引导词（引导词的选用往往要根据答语来确定） 3．—Could you please tell me _____? —Find out which you can’t remember, memorize them and then practice them in reading. A．how many words and expressions I should remember B．how I could remember so many words and expressions C．how I can remember so many words and expressions 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查宾语从句，句意：“-你能告诉我怎么能记住这么多单词和表达吗？-找出你记不起的东西，背下来，然后在阅读中练习。”，观察句子，属于宾语从句，那么从句的语序应该是陈述语气，并且主句的时态为一般现在时，那么从句的时态应该根据具体情况而定，结合句
宾语从句,间接引语
宾语从句 宾语从句用法速记口诀：宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。陈述句用that;一般疑问句是否（if, whether）替；特殊疑问句更好办，引导词还用疑问词。 二是词态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去词，从句时态向前移。 三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。 （一）宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据 引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 结构： 主语+谓语+宾语（陈述句语序）【注意：1~引导词.that 2~语序v.+主+谓由if、whether引导宾语从句3~时态：A.主句---现在时从句---任一时态】 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这 些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether ①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn't been decided. ②在介词前：It depends on（依靠）whether it is going to rain. ③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not. 语法点：由if或whether引导的宾语从句 词汇：if, whether, ask, wonder, know, … 句型：…asks/asked/wonders/wondered/wants to know/wanted to know if/whether… 前后桌同学之间开展采访活动，然后同桌交流采访结果。如： —Who did you interview? —I interviewed Bill. —What did you ask him? —I asked him if he always obeyed the school rules. —… （二）宾语从句的语序