英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(及答案)及解析(1)

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读理解

I walked into a stranger as he passed by me.

"Excuse me." I said.

He replied with a smile and said, "Please excuse me, too. I didn't notice you."

We apologized（道歉） and went for our own ways.

Later that day, when I was cooking, my daughter was standing too near. When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over. "Move out of the way!" I shouted.

She walked away sadly. But I didn't feel like I had to apologize to her.

While I was in bed that evening, my husband said to me. "While dealing with a stranger, you were polite. But with a daughter you love, you were unkind. Your daughter brought you some flowers that she picked herself this afternoon. You will find them in the kitchen by the door. Have you seen the tears in her eyes?"

I quietly went and sat down by my daughter's bed.

"Honey, I am so sorry." I said. "Are these the flowers you picked for me?"

She said, "I found them by the tree. I picked them because they're pretty like you. I knew you'd like them, especially the blue ones."

I tearfully replied, "Sweetie, I'm really sorry for the way I acted today. I shouldn't have shouted at you."

"It's OK. I love you anyway." She said as she kissed me on my cheek.

If we can be polite to strangers, why can't we do the same for the ones we love?

（1）The writer was to the stranger who she walked into.

A. mad

B. honest

C. unkind

D. polite

（2）Where were they when the writer shouted at her daughter?

A. In the kitchen.

B. By the tree.

C. In the bedroom.

D. In the garden.（3）What did the writer's husband think when he saw her action?

A. The little girl shouldn't cry.

B. She shouldn't shout at their daughter.

C. She shouldn't say sorry to the stranger.

D. Both he and his wife should apologize to their daughter.

（4）What may be the writer's favorite color according to the passage?

A. Yellow.

B. Pink.

C. Blue.

D. Red.

（5）What do you think is the best title for the passage?

A. Be friendly to strangers.

B. Mothers like flowers.

C. Be kind to loved ones.

D. Love between parents and children.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：作者走在路上撞到陌生人，相互表示歉意，而在家里因为女儿站地离自己很近，结果取牛奶的时候几乎绊倒女儿却生气对女儿大叫，导致女儿难过流泪，后来因为老公的点醒，让作者意思到对待爱自己的人要好的道理。

（1）细节题。根据"Excuse me." I said.可知，作者对待陌生人很有礼貌，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据when I was cooking, Move out of the way!" I shouted.可知，作者是在厨房对女儿大喊大叫，故选A。

（3）推断题。根据While dealing with a stranger, you were polite. But with a daughter you love, you were unkind.可知，作者的丈夫认为她不应该对女儿大叫，故选B。

（4）推断题。根据I knew you'd like them, especially the blue ones."可知，作者可能最喜欢蓝色，故选C。

（5）主旨题。作者走在路上撞到陌生人，相互表示歉意，而在家里因为女儿站地离自己很近，结果取牛奶的时候几乎绊倒女儿却生气对女儿大叫，导致女儿难过流泪，后来因为老公的点醒，让作者意思到对待爱自己的人要好的道理，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．根据短文内容，判断句子正误。

Miss Grey lived in a small house. She was old and did not like noise at all, so she was very pleased when her noisy neighbor moved out. A young man moved in and Miss Grey thought the man seemed to be quiet.

But at three o'clock the next morning, the noise of a dog woke her up. She thought she had never heard a dog there before. It must be the young man's dog. So she telephoned the young man, said something bad about the dog and then hung up the telephone before he could answer. Nothing more happened until three o'clock the next morning. Then Miss Grey's telephone rang, and when she answered, a voice said, "You telephoned me twenty-four hours ago, now I ring you up to say that I don't have a dog."

（1）Miss Grey felt sorry when her noisy neighbor moved out.

（2）Miss Grey's new neighbor was as noisy as the old neighbor.

（3）Miss Grey thought the new neighbor had brought a dog with him.

（4）The young man rang up Miss Grey because he wanted to punish her.

（5）The young man had a big dog so it always woke Miss Grey up in the morning.

【答案】（1）0

（2）0

（3）1

（4）1

（5）0

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Grey女士不喜欢噪音，一天新邻居搬来后，第二天早上三点，狗叫声把Grey女士吵起来，她给邻居打电话说狗的事情就挂断电话，第二天早上三点邻居给她打电话说自己没有狗。

（1）细节题。根据so she was very pleased when her noisy neighbor moved out.可知所以当她吵闹的邻居搬出去时，她非常高兴，故选错误。

（2）细节题。根据A young man moved in and Miss Grey thought the man seemed to be quiet.可知新邻居是安静的，故选错误。

（3）细节题。根据It must be the young man's dog.可知Grey女士认为狗是年轻人的，故选正确。

（4）细节题。根据"You telephoned me twenty-four hours ago, now I ring you up to say that I don't have a dog."可知年轻人告诉Grey女士狗不是自己的，所以在早上三点打电话，目的是惩罚女士，故选正确。

（5）细节题。根据"You telephoned me twenty-four hours ago, now I ring you up to say that I don't have a dog."可知年轻人告诉Grey女士狗不是自己的，故选错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

3．阅读理解

Dear Emma,

I have a problem and I need your help. My parents are really strict and never let me do anything! For example, when I go out with my friends, my mom always asks, "Where are you going? Who are you going with?" Two months ago, I got an earring and my father was really angry. He made me take it out. My parents want to control everything I do. But I'm 18 years old. I try to talk to my mom and dad, but they don't listen. They say, "This is our house and these are our rules." Then we have a fight. Why is it so hard for them to understand me?

Josh

Dear Josh,

You asked "Why is it so hard for them to understand me?" That's a good question. You're growing up, but often, it's hard for your parents to see this. To them, you are still a child and

they want to protect you. Sometimes, it's hard to talk to your parents. Here is an idea: Write your father and mother a letter. Explain your feelings calmly. In the letter, describe your friends. Tell your parents about your friends and your life, too. Then maybe they will understand you better. After your parents read the letter, try to talk to them.

I hope this helps!

Emma （1）Why is Josh writing a letter to Emma?

A. He needs her help.

B. Emma is a friend of his parents.

C. He wants to improve his writing skills.

D. He wants to make a friend with Emma.

（2）What is Josh's biggest problem with his parents?

A. They don't like his friends.

B. They don't like his earring.

C. They don't want to control him.

D. They don't let him do anything.

（3）Emma tells Josh to his parents first.

A. write to

B. talk to

C. understand

D. listen to

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）A

【解析】【分析】主要介绍Josh写给Emma的帮助信和Emma的回信。及怎样才能让父母理解自己。

（1）细节理解题。由在Josh写给Emma的信中：I have a problem and I need your help. 可知他需要帮助。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。由在Josh写给Emma的信中My parents are really strict and never let me do anything!可知父母不要让他做任何事情。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。由在Emma写给Josh的回信中：Here is an idea: Write your father and mother a letter. Explain your feelings calmly. In the letter, describe your friends.可知让他先给父母写信。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

4．阅读理解

School Policy

◆Fighting, saying bad words and all other bad behaviors will not be allowed.

◆Do not throw rocks, snowballs, sticks, waste paper or dirt on the school ground.

◆Rollerblades are not allowed at school.

◆Contact through a note or a phone call must be made to the school if you are absent from school.

◆Parents and visitors are required to check in at the office when entering the school.

Lunchroom Guide

◆Students should keep their voices low in the lunchroom.

◆Students should go through the lunch line in a quiet and orderly manner.

◆Students should clean up their eating area before leaving the lunchroom.

Meal Prices

Lunch: $1.50 daily

Breakfast: $ 0.80 daily

Extra milk: $0.40 daily

Weekly lunch ticket: $7.50

Weekly breakfast ticket: $4.00

Adult lunch: $2.50

（1）The passage is mainly written for .

A. parents

B. students

C. visitors

D. workers

（2）From the passage you know that you should at school.

A. throw dirt everywhere

B. be absent from class

C. speak aloud in the lunchroom

D. clean up the eating area

（3）On Monday student Elsa has breakfast and lunch at school, she pays .

A. $0.80

B. $1.50

C. $2.30

D. $3.00

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是类似于广告的阅读，介绍了学校的制度，还有餐厅指南以及饭菜的价格。

（1）主旨大意题，school policy这一定是写给学生的，第二部分的餐厅指南一直在强调学生应该怎样。因此这篇文章是写给学生看的，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据Students should clean up their eating area before leaving the lunchroom.可知，学生们在离开餐厅之前应该打扫干净吃饭的地方，故答案是D

（3）数字计算题，根据Lunch: $1.50 daily；Breakfast: $ 0.80 daily可知，早饭价格是0.8美元，午饭价格是1.5美元，艾尔莎吃了早饭和晚饭两顿饭，应该花费2.3元，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本阅读涉及到了写作意图题，细节理解题和数字计算题，主旨大意题需要考虑文章内容，根据文章内容考虑文章的阅读对象，来确定答案。细节理解题相对简单，一般都可以直接在文中找到答案；数字计算题也不难，根据文章中提供的数字，根据需要进行加减或者乘除运算。

5．阅读理解

Andrew Hollennan, a 12-year-old boy, loved playing in the open land near his home. The land was wet and forested, and made a home for birds, other animals and many different plants. It made the perfect place for him to study and get to know the nature. He had seen some red- tail hawks, red foxes, wood turtles and other animals. He also found special native flowers.

Suddenly it was announced that the "empty" land would be improved by a lot of houses on it. The plants would be removed, the animals would run away and most would probably die. Then the wet soil would be covered with extra grounds. When he heard about the news, he was not

happy. He was very worried that the land and water would be polluted.

Andrew wrote down clearly all the researches he had down about the area, and how the houses would affect the local environment. He sent letters to members of local government and television reporters. He also called on his neighbors to oppose the building of the houses. Although he was only 12 years old, he had the courage and wisdom of a person much older. Andrew's teachers described him as gentle, shy and active. His classmates also admired how much he knew about local animals and plants, and the environment. Each day after school, Andrew went door-to-door, to ask the people to sign, who did not want the houses to be built. In only one month, he got the signatures of 250 people.

In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there.

Andrew won many prizes for his brave and great work to stop the houses being built, and thus help save the environment.

（1）The passage is mainly about _______.

A. 250 people who signed to help Andrew

B. a brave boy who cared for the environment

C. the open land that suited animals and plants

D. the research on improving the environment

（2）The underlined word "oppose" in the passage probably means______.

A. support

B. dislike

C. disagree

D. prefer

（3）Andrew was very worried because _______.

A. the animals would be killed

B. new houses would be built on the open land

C. not all the neighbors were going to sign

D. he was praised by his teachers and classmates.

（4）We can infer that _______.

A. The land would remain as it used to be

B. The open land would be built into a park

C. The neighbors would have to move away

D. Andrew would soon work for the government

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了12岁的小男孩Andrew是怎样阻止建筑物在空地上建立的。（1）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了12岁的小男孩Andrew是怎样阻止建筑物在空地上建立的。，即是怎样关心环境的，故选B。

（2）推断题。根据全文可知Andrew反对建立建筑物，所以他号召邻居反对建筑物的建立，所以oppose意思是反对，不同意，即disagree，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Suddenly it was announced that the "empty" land would be improved by a lot of houses on it.可知新建筑物将在空地上被建立，所以Andrew是担心的，故选B。（4）推断题。根据In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants

that belonged there.可知最后，这片土地仍然是属于那里的鸟类、动物和植物的安全之地。即这片陆地仍然和以前一样，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解

International Museum Day is coming. Here are some special museums that you must see.

（1）If you're interested in art under the sea, you may go to ______.

A. Sweet Museum

B. Cancun Underwater Museum

C. Museum of Failure

D. Museum of Broken Relationships

（2）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A. People can taste the candies on show in Sweet Museum.

B. People learn about success stories in Museum of Failure.

C. Objects in Museum of Broken Relationships have their stories.

D. The material of sculptures in Cancun Underwater Museum is harmful.

（3）The passage is probably from the column （栏目） of ______ in a magazine.

A. Culture

B. Health

C. Sports

D. Food

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了国际博物馆日即将到来，这里有一些你必须参观的特殊博物馆。

（1）推理题。根据第三个描述水下有石膏雕塑和秘密花园，可知如果你对海底艺术感兴趣，你可以去坎昆水下博物馆，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据第四个描述中最后一句，可知失恋博物馆里的物品都有它们的故事是对的，故选C。

（3）推理题。根据本文介绍了国际博物馆日即将到来，这里有一些你必须参观的特殊博物馆，博物馆是体验文化的地方，可知这篇文章可能来自杂志上的文化专栏，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

7．阅读理解

In Britain. Boxing Day is usually celebrated on December 26th, which is the following day after Christmas Day. However, strictly speaking, Boxing Day is the first weekday after Christmas. Like Christmas Day, Boxing Day is a public holiday. This means it's a non-working day in the whole of Britain. When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is the public holiday.

The exact origin（起源）of the holiday is unclear. One of the thoughts is that during the Middle Ages, when great sailing ships were setting off to discover new land, a Christmas Box was placed by a priest（神父）on each ship. Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box. It was sealed up and kept on board until the ship came home safely. Then the box was handed over to the priest in exchange for the saying of a mass of thanks for the success of the sailing. The priest wouldn't open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.

One more thought is about the "Alms Box" placed in every church on Christmas Day. Worshippers（做礼拜的人） put gifts for the poor into it. These boxes were always opened the day after Christmas. That is why that day became known as Boxing Day.

Today, many businesses, organizations and families try to keep the traditional spirit of Boxing Day alive by donating（捐赠） their time, services and money to aid Food Banks, providing gifts

for the poor, or helping families in need. Besides, spending time with family and shopping are popular Boxing Day activities now.

（1）If Christmas Day is on a Saturday, Boxing Day will be celebrated on____________. A. December 25th B. December 26th C. December 27th D. December 28th （2）Sailors dropped money into the Christmas Box in order to____________.

A. save the poor

B. pay for the priest

C. discover new land

D. pray for sailing safety （3）What does the underlined phrase“sealed up" mean in Chinese?

A. 密封

B. 悬挂

C. 归还

D. 传递（4）The purpose of the passage is____________.

A. to praise the kindness of priests

B. to introduce the origins of Boxing Day

C. to call on people to help the poor

D. to compare Boxing Day with Christmas Day

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：在英国。节礼日通常在12月26日举行，这是圣诞节后的第二天。但是，严格来说，节礼日是圣诞节后的第一个工作日。像圣诞节一样，节礼日也是一个公共假日。这意味着这是整个英国的非工作日。当节礼日是星期六或星期日时，下一个星期一是公共假日。

（1）细节理解题，根据When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is the public holiday.可知，如果圣诞节在星期六，节礼日就在星期一，也就是十二月二十七日，故答案是C。

（2）细节理解题，根据Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box.可知水手往节礼箱里方硬币是为了祈求航行安全，故答案是D。

（3）词义猜测题，根据The priest wouldn't open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.可知回来之后让神父打开箱子，可知之前箱子被密封了，故答案是A。

（4）主旨大意题，根据文章介绍了节礼日的起源，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．阅读理解

Stonehenge means "hanging stones". They stood in a circle, with 30 more stones lying on top to form a ring of rocks. There was also an inner circle built with similar stones. The stones set up in a trilithon（巨石牌坊） pattern.

A trilithon is made of two stone pillars with a stab of rock laid across the top. The stones weigh up to 20 tons each. People wonder how the huge rocks were placed that way.

Historians agree that Stonehenge was built in three different stages. The first stage took place about 5, 000 years ago. At that time, a large circular earth wall was made. Historians believe the wall was dug and cut with tools made form anglers（鹿角）of red deer. The earth wall was

about 98m in diameter（直径） a 5-meter-tall stone was placed near the center. Then, they had

to transport the large blue stones （up to 4 tons） 384 kilometers to Stonehenge. Experts think

they might be moved across ice and snow. The ground in winter in this area is usually full of ice

and snow, making it easier to move the rocks. The next task was to stand the stones up. The most difficult task was putting the top stones in place. Each one of these tasks took a lot of planning

and a lot of strength, but the workers of Stonehenge were excellent builders.

Why was the monument built? Some scientists think it's a burial ground. There are over 400 graves （burial sits） nearby. A man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold

ever found in Britain （dated to 2470 BC）. Others think Stonehenge was built by early astronomers. Scientists believe that when a person stands in the center of the monument, the changing of seasons can be seen. Certain stones mark the location of the rising and setting moon

in midwinter. Other stones mark the rising and setting sun in midsummer. The ancient people

held religious ceremonies on these days. These ceremonies probably asked the gods to bring

good weather for crops and to protect the people from bad weather.

Stonehenge is an engineering success. Thousands of years later, it still stands. As a calendar, Stonehenge is very accurate. It shows that early people had a deep understanding of the movements to the sun and the moon. They didn't have machines or computers, but Stonehenge shows people could do many things using only their muscles and their brains.

（1）he first building stage of Stonehenge was ________.

A. to dig and cut the earth wall

B. to move the blue stones across the ice

C. to stand the stones up

D. to put the top stones in place

（2）Which evidence（证据） is given to support the idea that Stonehenge was a burial ground?

A. Stonehenge was made of stones.

B. It is a place for celebrating ceremonies.

C. The passing of seasons can be seen there.

D. Two gold earrings were found in a grave.

（3）The underlined word "accurate" in the last paragraph probably means "________".

A. correct

B. strange

C. huge

D. heavy

（4）Stonehenge was probably NOT originally built for ________.

A. tourists

B. religious reasons

C. a burial ground

D. telling the seasons

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了巨石阵的形状，发展以及历史意义。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句The first stage took place about 5, 000 years ago. At that time, a large circular earth wall was made. Historians believe the wall was dug and cut with tools made form anglers（鹿角） of red deer. 提示可知，巨石阵的第一个阶段是造图墙，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句Some scientists think it's a burial ground. There are over 400

graves （burial sits） nearby. A man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold ever found in Britain提示可知，有人认为这是一个墓地。附近有400多座坟墓。一名男子被埋时带着两个金耳环，这是英国有史以来发现的最古老的黄金。故选D。

（3）词义理解推测题。根据文中语句As a calendar, Stonehenge is very accurate.提示可知，accurate的含义是正确的，故选A。

（4）理解归纳题。通读全文语句可知，建立巨石阵的原因有宗教，历法以及墓地等方面的原因，但是与旅游没有很多的联系，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Technology is everywhere. We see it any place we go and, in fact, almost all of us carry some piece of technology with us every time we leave the house. What I always forget, though, is just how useful and powerful technology can be when we want to help others.

There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronic devices （设备）lying around in it. Whenever I am at home, I am almost always using at least one electronic device. If you walked into my living room on any given day, you would find that, first, I have the television on. At the same time, I usually have my laptop resting on my knee, or I will be using my mobile phone. Even when I'm not at home I am always using my phone, and at work or in cafés, I sit down and connect to the local wireless network on my laptop.

I must say that I waste a lot of time on the computer and the time I spend on it could be much better spent if I were to take up a little online volunteering.

The technology we carry about everywhere can have a great power to do good for the world and to help others and recently I discovered just how much online volunteering there is to do in the world. From using your language skills to do translations, to developing and managing projects and helping with IT work, there is so much that so many people can do to help people in their own countries and across the world. The United Nations, in fact, has a huge page with "Volunteers Recruited" on its website.

This work can support the poor and help charities who cannot pay for staff members. Many organizations only require you to work an hour a week﹣some even less. And the support provided by online volunteers can really help make a difference to those in need.

（1）From Paragraph 2, we can know that the writer .

A. is a computer engineer

B. works in a café

C. uses technology a lot

D. likes modern music

（2）The underlined word" Recruited" in Paragraph 4 means" ".

A. Ordered

B. Visited

C. Wanted

D. Warned

（3）In the writer's opinion, people should spend more time with technology.

A. working on computer programs

B. keeping the Internet safe

C. inventing electronic products

D. helping people in need

（4）What can be the best title for the passage？

A. Online Volunteering

B. Internet Organizations

C. Website Design

D. Online Translation

【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了科学技术已经渗透进了我们的生活，我们每天都在使用这些科技带来的方便中。但作者认为我们应该利用这些先进的技术去帮助别人，这样才能体现出这些科技的力量。

（1）推理题。根据There is not a single room in my house that does not have some electronic devices（设备） lying around in it.的意思可知，在作者的家里，没有一个房间里是没有电子设备的，也就是说作者使用非常多的电子设备，下面的文字作者举例来说明，如television, laptop, mobile phone等，故选C。

（2）词义猜测题。根据该段中I discovered just how much online volunteering there is to do in the world.可知，作者发现在网上有很多在线志愿活动，而这句话说的就是联合国在网上招募志愿者的一个网站，由此我们可以知道划线这个单词应该是“招聘”的意思，与wanted 同义，故选C。

（3）推理题。根据I must say that I waste a lot of time on the computer and the time I spend on it could be much better spent if I were to take up a little online volunteering以及下一段的开头The technology we carry about everywhere can have a great power to do good for the world and to help others可知，作者觉得自己浪费了很多时间在电脑上，这些时间他可以更好的利用起来去从事一些网上的志愿者工作。由此我们可以知道，作者认为人们应该花费一点时间去帮助别人，故选D。

（4）主旨题。这篇短文开头部分作者讲述了我们周围无处不在使用着科学技术，短文的第一段中What I always forget， though， is just how useful and powerful technology can be when we want to help others点明文章的主题，从短文的第三段开始，作者对文章主题进行展开论述，即我们应该利用这些技术去做一些在线的志愿者活动，去帮助别人，所以C选项Online volunteering在线志愿者活动这个题目能点明文章的主题，故选C。A选项Website Design网站设计；B选项Internet Organization在线组织；D选项Online Translation 在线翻译，这几个选项都不符合文意，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解

Along with wheat, rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. It is a nutritious, healthy food.

Each year, farmers grow millions of tons of rice.

Top Five Rice﹣producing Countries

（1）What food crop is the reading material mainly about？

A. Wheat.

B. Rice.

C. Corn.

D. Potato.

（2）In which country is the most rice grown？

A. China.

B. Bangladesh.

C. India.

D. Vietnam.

（3）From the map we know that the five countries are all in .

A. Europe.

B. Africa.

C. America.

D. Asia.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇阅读材料主要介绍了世界水稻种植的国家和产量。（1）细节理解题。根据 rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. 水稻是世界上最重要的粮食作物。故选B。

（2）看图识图题。根据柱形图可知中国的水稻产量最高超过200000000，其次是印度，再次印度尼西亚。故选A。

（3）看图识图题。根据柱形图可知世界五大水稻生产国是：中国，印度，印度尼西亚，孟加拉和越南。它们都是亚洲国家。故选D。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先观察图片，理解图片信息。然后分析问题，带着问题仔细观察图片信息，找出问题正确答案。

11．阅读理解

Don't Judge a Book by Its Cover

Ever since I was a little girl, I've loved reading crime and detective （侦探） novels, so I guess it was pretty normal that I started writing them when I was older. However, my family is very big on having a traditional career （职业） and so when I said that I wanted to go to college and study writing, my parents told me that I couldn't. They told me that I had to study for a degree so that I would achieve a career, and not something as risky as writing. I suppose I could have studied joumalism （新闻）,but I didn't want to lose interest in writing because it would be something I would do every day for work, not for pleasure. I thought that teaching looked like a pretty good compromise （妥协） , especially because of the long holidays. It was a good choice: by the time I was twenty-five，I'd already finished two novels and had an agent.

To be honest, I never meant to keep my being a crime writer a secret or anything, and my friends have always known. One of the reasons most people don't know is because my agent told me that my name Hazel sounded too much like a romance （浪漫） novelist for older women. She suggested Brooke Lane and I thought, "Well, if you think it'll make me successful, okay," I'd totally forgotten about it until I walked into school one day and saw one of my workmates reading my novel. I asked her some questions about it, and it was so clear that she had no idea that I'd written it - she even offered to lend it to me after she'd finished! Of course, sometimes I wonder what my students would think if they knew that their teacher was going home on the weekend to write about murders and dead bodies, but I think my parents probably did me a favor: my teaching job keeps me in touch with the real world.

（1）Hazel is probably ．

A. an agent

B. a journalist

C. a teacher and artist

D. a teacher and writer （2）The underlined words "is very big on " in the passage most probably mean .

A. to give no advice

B. to like something very much

C. to have more experiences

D. to misunderstand something

（3）It's clear that Hazel .

A. agreed to study journalism for a degree

B. accepted Brooke Lane as her pen name

C. would like to write something for teaching

D. told her workmates about her writing novels

（4）Hazel finally realized that her parents' advice on her career was .

A. helpful

B. exciting

C. disappointing

D. risky

（5）We can infer from the passage that .

A. Hazel likes showing off in public

B. Hazel's students all want to write novels

C. Hazel's agent has played a role in her success

D. older women prefer the name Brooke to Hazel

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）B

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：我是一名老师，但是却非常喜欢读和写犯罪和侦探小说，到二十五岁的时候，已经写完两本小说，但是很多人并不知道我是一个犯罪作家。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句One of the reasons most people don't know is because my agent told me that my name Hazel sounded too much like a romance （浪漫） novelist for older women. 理解可知，Hazel即是作家又是老师，故选D。

（2）词义推断题。根据文中的语句However, my family is very big on having a traditional career （职业） and so when I said that I wanted to go to college and study writing, my parents told me that I couldn't. 理解可知，我的家庭非常喜欢传统的职业。短语is very big on的含义是非常喜欢，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句. She suggested Brooke Lane and I thought, "Well, if you think it'll make me successful, okay," 理解可知，作者接受了Brooke Lane这个名字，故选B。（4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 but I think my parents probably did me a favor: my teaching job keeps me in touch with the real world.理解可知，父母的建议还是有用的，故选A。

（5）推理判断题。根据文中的语句One of the reasons most people don't know is because my agent told me that my name Hazel sounded too much like a romance （浪漫） novelist for older women. She suggested Brooke Lane and I thought, "Well, if you think it'll make me successful, okay," I理解可知，Hazel的经纪人在她的成功的道路上扮演了一个非常重要的角色，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

12．阅读理解

A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery（外科手术）.He found the boy's father in the hall waiting worriedly.

On seeing him, the father cried out, "Why did you take all this time to come？Don't you know that my son is in danger？Don't you have any sense of duty？"

The doctor smiled and said, "I am sorry. I wasn't in the hospital and I came as fast as I could after receiving the call and now, I wish you'd calm down so that I can do my work."

"Calm down？！What if your son was in this room right now？Would you calm down？If your

own son dies while waiting for a doctor, then what will you do？"said the father angrily. The doctor smiled again and replied, "We will do our best and you should also pray for your son's healthy life."

The surgery took some hours after which the doctor went out happily, "Thank goodness！Your son is saved！"And without waiting for the father's reply he carried on his way running by saying, "If you have any questions, ask the nurse."

"Couldn't he wait some minutes so that I can ask about my son's state？"shouted the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left.

The nurse answered, tears coming down her face, "His son died yesterday in a road accident. He was at the burial（葬礼）when we called him for your son's surgery. And now that he saved your son's life, he left running to finish his son's burial."

（1）What did the doctor do after he received the call for the surgery?

A. He asked another doctor to do his duty.

B. He went to the hospital as soon as possible.

C. He discussed the boy's state with the father.

D. He waited until his son's burial was finished.

（2）The father shouted at the doctor because he thought .

A. he had waited too long

B. no one cared for his son

C. the doctor was cold to him

D. the surgery took a long time

（3）Who told the truth to the father in the end？

A. The doctor.

B. The nurse.

C. His son.

D. A patient.（4）What is the best title for the text？

A. Seeing is believing

B. Time waits for no man

C. Practice makes perfect

D. Think before you decide

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文讲述一个医生被医院招回来救一个孩子，他的父亲误解医生冷血，做完手术后这个父亲才明白原来医生刚刚在车祸中失去了儿子，告诉我们，宽容待人，不要武断。

（1）细节题。根据 A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery 一位医生在被叫去做一个重要的手术后匆忙进入医院可知，医生接到手术电话后他尽快去了医院，故选B。

（2）推理题。根据 the father cried out, "Why did you take all this time to come 父亲喊道，“你为什么花这么长时间来？，可知父亲对医生大喊大叫，因为他认为他等得太久了，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据The nurse answered, tears coming down her face 护士泪流满面的告诉他......，可知护士最后告诉了父亲真相，故选B。

（4）主旨题。根据本文讲述一个医生被医院招回来救一个孩子，他的父亲误解医生冷

血，做完手术后这个父亲才明白原来医生刚刚在车祸中失去了儿子，告诉我们，宽容待人，不要武断，可知 Think before you decide适合做标题，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读理解

What do you see when you look at abstract （抽象的）art? Can you understand it? Does it look like anything?

Abstract art became popular in the early 20th century. Artists did not want to paint, draw, or sculpt things exactly like they looked. They didn't want their art to be realistic（现实的）. They were more interested in basic shapes and colours.

Picasso is probably the most famous of these artists. He painted and drew in many, many styles. Sometimes he used a lot of blue colours （his "blue period"）. Later, he used more red and pink colours （his "rose period"）. Many of his other paintings are called "cubist （立体派的）" because they are made of painted squares.

After a long time, Picasso's paintings became more and more abstract. He painted people and things using strange shapes. His work was so strange that many of his workmates didn't understand it.

Kandinsky, another famous artist, used lines, shapes, and patterns to paint his subjects. His paintings also used strong colours to express feelings. Other artists like the surrealists （超现实主义画家），were interested in subconsciousness （潜意识）. Painters like Breton and Magritte used many symbols in their work. The meaning or subject of their work wasn't always clear. Dali, another surrealist artist, painted pictures that looked like dreams.

There are still many abstract artists around the world. That's the way many artists prefer. They want each person to look at art and find their own meaning in it.

（1）Which would be most like abstract art?

A. A painting of a house.

B. A sculpture of a car.

C. A drawing of two people in a coffee house.

D. A red and blue painting, with no clear subject.

（2）What happened to Picasso's work after a long time?

A. It became more abstract.

B. It became less strange.

C. He went from using red colours to using blue colours.

D. He only painted with coloured squares.

（3）How did Kandinsky express feelings?

A. By using strong colours.

B. By painting realistic people.

C. By painting with a lot of symbols.

D. By painting in red and pink colours.

（4）Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Picasso painted in many different styles.

B. Dali was interested in dreams.

C. Abstract artists feel each work of art only has one meaning.

D. Magritte's art was full of symbols.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了抽象派艺术及其代表人物毕加索。

（1）推理题。根据毕加索是抽象艺术的代表人物Sometimes he used a lot of blue colours （his "blue period"）. Later, he used more red and pink colours有时他使用很多蓝色，后来，他使用了更多的红色和粉色，可知一幅红色和蓝色的画，没有清晰的主题最像抽象艺术，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据After a long time, Picasso's paintings became more and more abstract可知很久以后毕加索的作品变得更加抽象，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据His paintings also used strong colours to express feelings可知康定斯通过使用强烈的颜色基表达感情的，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据The meaning or subject of their work wasn't always clear. Dali, another surrealist artist, painted pictures that looked like dreams.他们工作的意义或主题并不总是清楚的。另一位超现实主义艺术家达利画的画看起来像梦可知抽象艺术家觉得每件艺术品只有一种意义是错误的，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

14．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的几个选项中，选出最佳选项。

What subject do you worry about the most at school? Many students worry about math. Some students can't sleep well the day before a math exam. Others may feel very nervous during the exam itself. But there might be a way to make the subject less stressful（压力大的）.

"For people who are worried about math, posture （姿势）makes a big difference," Erik Paper from San Francisco State University told the Daily Mail. That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams.

Scientists tested 125 college students. They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over （趴倒的）posture, or sitting up straight. After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight.

Slumping over is a defensive（戒备的） posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, Paper said.

Students who were not nervous about taking the math exam did not necessarily benefit（受益）from better posture. But they did find that doing math while slumped over was more difficult, Science Daily reported.

Good posture isn't just helpful for taking math exams. Sportspeople, musicians and public speakers can all benefit from better posture. When you feel stressed out, you can also try to sit

up straight or stand tall. It can help you feel more certain and focus better.

（1）What posture can make people feel less stressed during math exams?

A. Sitting up straight.

B. Hanging your head.

C. Lying on your back.

D. Raising one hand.

（2）What did the scientists ask the college students to do during the test?

A. To do sit-ups.

B. To count numbers.

C. To think carefully.

D. To sit in different postures.

（3）How many students in the test benefited from the better posture?

A. All the 125 students.

B. Less than half of them.

C. 56 percent of them.

D. None of the students.

（4）The fourth paragraph is written to explain .

A. why slumping over makes exams harder to do

B. why slumping over is bad for one's health

C. why some people slump over during exams

D. why people are nervous during math exams

（5）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Slump over to Take Exams

B. Sit up to Do Math

C. Better Posture for Nervous Students

D. Good Advice for Better Exams

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍姿势不仅有助于参加数学考试。运动员、音乐家和演说家都可以从更好的姿势中受益。当你感到压力大的时候，你也可以试着坐直或者站直。它可以帮助你更确定，更专注。

（1）细节题。根据For people who are worried about math, posture （姿势）makes a big difference 和That's right – sitting up straight can help you do better on math exams. 可知坐直可以让人们在数学考试中感觉压力更小，故选A。

（2）推理题。根据 They asked them to do a simple math exam while sitting in a slumped-over （趴倒的）posture, or sitting up straight. 可知科学家在测试中要求大学生以不同的姿势坐着，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据 After the test, 56 percent of students said the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight 可知56%的参加测试的学生从更好的姿势中受益，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据 Slumping over is a defensive（戒备的）posture. It can bring about bad memories in the body and brain. This can stop you from thinking clearly, 可知第四段是用来解释为什么睡懒觉会让考试变得更难，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据本文教室里姿势有助于参加数学考试和 the exam was easier to do if they were sitting up straight ，可知标题适合是 Sit up to Do Math 坐起来做数学，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找

答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后

找出中心思想。

15．阅读理解

You think it's "cool" to carry your backpacks and head out to school. But if you don't know exactly how to choose, load, lift and wear them-these all-important accessories（配件）can be a pain in the back. Not to mention the neck, head and shoulders.

Backpacks can influence your health. Carrying a heavy load improperly can lead to poor body position; and even hurt the spinal column（脊柱）This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain.

For example, if it is carried on one shoulder; a heavy backpack forces the muscles and spine to balance the unequal weight. This may increase the possible back problems later in life.

More than 50 percent of young people suffer back pain by their teenage years. Research shows that this could be mainly caused （场）improper use of backpacks.

Here's some advice to help you carry backpacks comfortably and safely.

Choose the right backpack. Forget leather （皮革）! It looks great, but it's far too heavy. Go for canvas（帆布）. Pick a pack that has two wide, adjustable, comfortable shoulder straps（带子）, along with a hip or waist strap, and plenty of pockets. Make sure the pack fits properly and its size is suitable for the wearer's body.

Packing it properly. Only put in the pack what is needed for that day. It's a good idea to know what each object weighs. The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 10 to 15 percent of the wearer's own body weight. Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside, away from the back.

Putting the backpack on. Put the pack on a smooth surface, at waist height. Put on the pack, one shoulder at a time, then adjust（调整）the straps to fit comfortably. Remember when lifting

a backpack, or anything, to lift using the arms and legs and to bend at the knees.

The right way to wear a backpack. Both shoulder straps should be used, and adjusted so that the pack fits the body, without hanging to one side. Backpacks should never be worn over just one shoulder. You should be able to move your hands between the backpack and your back. The waist strap should also be worn.

Take the above advice, and you may not complain back pain, numbness or weakness in your arms and legs any more.

（1）What could mainly cause some young people to suffer back pain by their teenage years?

A. Too much homework.

B. Poor treatment for backs.