人教新目标高中英语高二选修六课后阅读训练：_十一_unit_3_period_3_word版有答案
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课后阅读训练十一
Unit 3Period 3
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
In the Netherlands, cycling isn’t seen as an eco-friendly exercise;
it’s part of everyday life, as it’s people’s top choice to school and
work. “There are more bicycles than residents in the Netherlands.
In cities like Amsterdam and The Hague, up to 70 percent of all journeys are made by bike, ”said BBC.
So how did cycling become such a popular means of transportation in the European country?
In the 1970s, the Dutch government began to improve its cycling infrastructure(基础设施)due to both a social movement demanding safer cycling condition for children and the oil crisis in the Middle East, when oil producing countries stopped their exports to Western Europe.
To make cycling safer and more appealing, the Dutch have built the widest cycling network in the world. The country has over 40, 000 kilometers of bicycle lanes and paths, which are clearly marked. They have smooth surfaces, separate signs and lights for those on two wheels. The lanes are wide enough to allow side-by-side cycling and passing.
In many cities the bike lanes are completely segregated(隔离的)from motorized traffic. And in many traffic situations cyclists are given priority(优先权)over drivers. Sometimes, where space is limited and both must share, you can see signs showing an image of a cyclist with a car behind accompanied by the words“Bike Street: Cars
are guests”.
As young people aren’t allowed to drive alone until they are 18, cycling offers Dutch teenagers an alternative form of freedom. The government also makes cycling training lessons a compulsory part of the Dutch school curriculum(课程).
Bike parking facilities are everywhere in the country. Cyclists are accommodated in the way motorists are elsewhere. Take Groningen, a city in the northeastern part of the Netherlands, for example. The city’s central train station has underground parking for 10, 000 bikes.
For many Dutch people, bikes are trusty friends for life’s adventures. In that kind of relationship it is longevity(长寿)that matters—that’s why many Dutch people ride older bikes.
【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了荷兰这个国家的人骑自行车现象。多数荷兰人都把自行车作为他们的出行工具, 这也促进了荷兰人健康的生活。
1. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the article?
A. To describe how cyclists are supported in the Netherlands.
B. To explain why in Holland cycling isn’t eco-friendly.
C. To inform us of important cycling rules in the Netherlands.
D. To describe laws passed by the Dutch government related to cycling.
【解析】选A。写作意图题。根据文章前两段可知, 作者写此文的目的是介绍在荷兰, 骑自行车者是如何受欢迎的, 也就是如何受到人们支持的。
2. In the 1970s, the Dutch government started to improve the country’s cycling lanes and paths mainly__________.
a. to improve cycling safety on the road
b. to promote an environmentally-friendly lifestyle
c. to build the widest cycling network in the world
d. in response to the oil crisis in the Middle East
A. b, c
B. a, d
C. b, c, d
D. a, c, d
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段可知B项正确。也就是说20世纪70年
代荷兰政府改善自行车道的目的: 一是增加骑车者的安全性, 二是由于中东的石油危机。
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A. Dutch teenagers are not allowed to cycle alone until they are 18.
B. Cyclists have little priority over other vehicles in the Netherlands.
C. In the Netherlands, all bike lanes are separated from motorized traffic.
D. Dutch students are required to learn to cycle at school.
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第六段中第二句“荷兰政府也把自行车训练课作为学校必修课的一部分”可知, 荷兰学生在学校必须学习骑自行车。
4. The underlined word“accommodated”in the second-to-last paragraph probably means“__________”.
A. charged very little
B. provided what they need
C. offered a variety of choices
D. given places to stop
【解析】选D。词义猜测题。文章倒数第二段介绍的是自行车的停放问题。那么骑自行车的人也会像那些骑摩托车的人一样可以找到停车的地方。故accommodated在此处的意思是“提供的可停车的地方”。
B
At the beginning of this year, I decided I was going to quit Facebook. It was challenging, but I made it. And three months later, I’ve learned a few interesting things.
I’m no longer surrounded by information that I don’t want. I don’t have to look at new baby pictures posted by someone I haven’t spoken to for 10 years, or read different opinions on whether the dress is blue or white. Instead, I can choose to read news, or get together with a friend to talk about her most recent vacation. Life without Facebook is peaceful.
Sure, the first few days felt strange and uncomfortable. To ease the transition, I
replaced some of my Facebook use with things like Instagram and Pinterest. I was also worried I would be missing out socially. As a matter of fact I do communicate with far fewer people now. But I’m having close relationships with the people that I actively seek out. You can really live without Facebook.
People were shocked. M y mom took it pretty hard. “How will I know what city you’re in this week? How do I know who you’re hanging out with? ”she asked me after I told her I’d quit Facebook. Friends and family knew about my situation through my Facebook profile. I guess it’s no surprise that going through someone’s Facebook page to stay up-to-date on their lives is preferable to just picking up the phone.
So many of the apps we use every day are tied to our Facebook profiles. Living in San Francisco, Lyft is my primary method of transportation, and though I was able to ask them to keep my account without Facebook, I no longer had a picture in my profile and drivers looked at me strangely when I got into their cars. I can no longer use Getaround—my primary way of getting out of the city—because you can’t use it at all without Facebook.
【语篇概述】本文主要通过作者不再使用手机应用程序脸谱网后的经历, 告诉我们脸谱网在人们生活中的影响。
5. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A. Facebook is a good place to read news.
B. It’s a good idea to contact friends on Facebook.
C. Facebook is a dangerous place to share opinions.
D. Some information on Facebook is useless to the author.
【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段前两句的意思“我不必再被一些我不想要的信息包围着, 我不用再去看那些我10年都没有和他说过话的人发的婴儿的图片”可知, 脸谱网上的一些信息对作者来说是没有用的。
6. According to Paragraph 3, the author thinks that__________.
A. Facebook isn’t the best social network
B. many people are too addicted to Facebook
C. Facebook isn’t really that important in people’s lives
D. not using Facebook influences people’s emotional health
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知, 人们离开脸谱网也能生活。
7. Hearing the author had quit Facebook, her mother felt__________.
A. sad and depressed
B. excited and cheerful
C. surprised and concerned
D. sympathetic and nervous
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三两句可知, 作者的母亲在听说作者不再使用脸谱网之后对作者表示担忧, 害怕与作者不方便取得联系。
8. The examples given in the last paragraph mainly show that Facebook__________.
A. provides many helpful apps
B. runs really deep in people’s lives
C. makes transportation much safer
D. is really popular around the world
【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据最后一段的第一句“很多应用程序都与脸谱网中的文件有关系”, 作者通过后面的乘车时因不再使用脸谱网而无法使用应用程序Lyft的例子, 说明了脸谱网在人们的生活中扎根很深。
C
“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight. ”
“Two full inches in the first three days! ”
These are the kinds of statements used in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads, promising good shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say they can shape the legs, slim the face, smooth wrinkles, or in some other way add to beauty or desirability.
Often such products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to
health.
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA(Food Drug Administration)can require proof under the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act that it is safe and effective before it is put on the market. But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure(查封)of the product.
One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, which had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that was dangerous to health and life.
Obviously, most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings(法律诉讼), and new devices appear continually. Before buying, it is up to the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items.
【语篇概述】本文是说明文。文章通过分析、举例等方法说明推销商对一些保健类的药品和器材的治疗作用夸大其词, 做虚假宣传, 文章提醒消费者要判断这些产品的安全性和有效性。
9. The Relaxacisor is mentioned as__________.
A. a product which was designed to produce electricity
B. a successful advertisement of a beauty product
C. an example of a quality beauty product
D. a product whose distributor was involved in a legal case
【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后两段可知, 作者举the Relaxacisor产品的例子, 是想借此说明这是一款非法产品, 对人的健康有害, 并且它卷入了法律案件。
10. The author intends to__________.
A. make consumers aware of the promoters’ false promise
B. show the weakness of the law on product safety
C. give advice on how to keep young and beautiful
D. introduce the organization of FDA
【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第四段和最后一段可判断出, 本文的主要目的是让消费者意识到一些推销商的虚假承诺和他们的产品对健康的危害。
11. Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. The court is in charge of removing dangerous products.
B. The promoters usually just care about profits.
C. New products are more likely to be questionable.
D. The production of a device must be approved by FDA.
【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中Often such products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoters. 一句可知B项正确。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you could exchange lives with someone for a short time, would you like to do that? A US TV show 1. __________(call)“A walk in Your Shoes”gives people the chance to try.
In last week’s show, an eighth-grade student Schylar dreamed of 2. __________(run)the school, so he became the headmaster for a day and the headmaster became 3. __________eighth grader again! Schylar 4. __________(quick)realized that his dream job had pressures and responsibilities, and he had to make some tough 5. __________(decide). And the headmaster had a hard time with all the homework!
For those 6. __________take part, the program not only offers the chance to live out a fantasy, 7. __________provides some valuable life lessons. They come to more fully value what they already have. They also learn to 8. __________(well)appreciate the situation of others; to not only think about things from 9. __________(they)own
points of view, and to understand that other people have problems too.
And one thing most participants eventually realize 10. __________(be)that the grass is not always greener on the other side.
【语篇概述】美国的一个电视节目让参与者互换身份, 使他们从中学到了人与人之间要相互理解, 换位思考。
1. 【解析】called考查过去分词。show与call之间是被动关系, 故填过去分词, 作定语。
2. 【解析】running考查动名词。介词后用名词或动名词, 提示词是动词, 空格后又有宾语, 故用动名词。dream of doing sth. “梦想做某事”。
3. 【解析】an考查冠词。泛指“一名八年级学生”用不定冠词, eighth以元音音素开头, 故填an。
4. 【解析】quickly考查副词。修饰动词realized用副词。
5. 【解析】decisions考查名词。make a decision“做决定”, 是固定短语; 空格前有some修饰, 故填复数形式。
6. 【解析】who考查定语从句的关系词。those后是定语从句, 所填词用来引导从句且在从句中作主语, 故用who。
7. 【解析】but考查连词。根据前面的not only可知填but。
8. 【解析】better考查比较级。根据上一句的more fully判断填比较级better。
9. 【解析】their考查形容词性物主代词。one’s own“某人自己的”是固定用法, 提示词是they, 故变为their。
10. 【解析】is考查谓语动词。所填词是句子的谓语, 主语是one thing, most participants eventually realize是thing的定语, 又由语境可知应用一般现在时, 故用is。
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