代词易错题解析
初中英语代词易错题辨析
正误辨析
［误］Tom's mother is taller than my.
［正］Tom's mother is taller than mine.
［析］形容词性物主代词可以作定语，也就是讲它可以作形容词，如：my book，而这句话的意思是：汤姆的妈妈比我的妈妈高。比较的对象是my mother,也就是mine。
［误］We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish them.
［正］We have a lot of homework to do today. So we need two or three hours to finish it.
［析］在应用代词时，要注意人称，格与数的一致性。这里it所代替的是不可数名词homework，所以应用it。
［误］He and you should go to the library to return the books.
［正］You and he should go to the library to return the books.
［析］这主要是英语习惯上的用法。当两个以上的人称代词并列时其排列顺序一般为you, he, she, I,而复数时为we, you，they:如男女并列时，应先男后女，如：He and she …如果在表示不好意思，承担责任时，单数时用，I, he, she, you, 复数时用They, you，we, 如：Tom and I are good friends. You, he and I must go to play the game for our team this afternoon.
We, you and they have been there before.
I, he and you have to pay for it.
［误］He or his brother is doing their homework.
［正］He or his brother is doing his homework.
［析］由either…or, neither…nor, or 连接两个主语时，如果两主语是单数时，用单数代词，如两主语是复数时，用复数代词，如：Either teachers or students want to do their best to help the old man.如是一单一复两名词时，一般将单数名词放在前，复数名词放在后，要用复数代词，如：The teacher or his students will clean their classroom together.
［误］His brother is taller than him.
［正］His brother is taller than he.
［析］than是连词，其后应视为省略句，than he is.所以要注意区分其主格与宾格的用法。
［误］I like you as much as she.
［正］I like you as much as her.
［析］as…as 其后也应看作是省略句。应为as I like her.所以应用宾格。而第一句应译为我像她那样喜欢你。两句语法都是对的但含义不同。
［误］Myself did it yesterday.
［正］I myself did it yesterday.
［正］I did it myself yesterday.
［析］反身代词不可作主语，但可以用作主语的同位语。
［误］Take care of ourselves.
［正］Take care of yourselves .(yourself)
［析］祈始句的主语应看作第二人称you.
［误］Please bring your daughter with yourself.
［正］Please bring your daughter with you.
［析］反身代词不能作介词宾语，除非是由不及物动词与介词组成的动词短语，如：The old woman spoke to herself.
［误］Make yourself home.
［正］Make yourself at home.
［析］这是英语中的习惯用法，意为“像在家里一样”。这样的用法还有：
enjoy oneself 玩得开心make yourself at home 像在家中一样
help yourself to something 自己拿某物lost oneself 迷路
seat oneself 就坐dress oneself 穿衣
［误］—Who's this speaking.—That's Mary.
［正］—Who's that speaking.—This is Mary.
［析］在电话用语中，this指讲话人自己，而that指对方。
［误］The days in summer are longer than this in winter.
［正］The days in summer are longer than those in winter.
［析］在比较句中往往为了避免重复，可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物，如是单数时用that,复数时用those，如：The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Chang Chun.
［误］It is so a good book that everyone likes to read.
［正］It is such a good book that everyone likes to read.
［正］It is so good a book that everyone likes to read.
［析］在可数名词单数时可用so+形容词+不定冠词+名词+that从句，也可用such+不定冠词+形容词+that从句。在不可数名词或可数名词复数时，只用such, 如：It is such good weather that I want to go swimming. They are such good books that I want to buy them all.在many, much, few, little这4个词前仅能用so,如：She has so much money that she can buy everything she wants.而在so与that之间仅存形容词时，则不能用such,如:She is so sweet that everyone likes her.
［误］I want to buy a same dictionary as yours.
［正］I want to buy the same dictionary as yours.
［析］same与定冠词the是固定搭配不可更改。这样的用法还有all the same(仍然)。
［误］—I hope she might pass the exam.—I don't hope so.
［正］—I hope she might pass the exam.—I hope not.
［析］在作肯定回答时，I think so. I hope so. I believe so.但作否定回答时为：I don't think so. I hope/believe not.
［误］—He studied very hard this term.—So she did.
［正］—He studied very hard this term.—So did she.
［误］—English is difficult to learn.—So is it.
［正］—English is difficult to learn.—So it is.
［析］在对话中如果某一动作同时适用于两个主语，这时在答语中要用缩写且要用倒装句。如第一组句，即studied hard既适用于he,也适用于she.但答语仅仅是对前句的重复，即仅仅是第一句的缩写时则不要用倒装句。如第二组句子为：英语难学。答语为：是的，难学。这时缩写的答语不要用倒装句。
代词加强练习题
1 These are ＿＿＿books. Yours are over there.
A I
B my
C me
D mine
1［答案］B.
［析］这里应用形容词性物主代词
2 —＿＿＿is she? —She is a teacher.
A What
B How
C Who
D Where
2 ［答案］A.
［析］这里的四个疑问词放在问句中全都成立，但其意义不同。What is she?应译为“她的工作是什么?”或“她是做什么的?”而How is she?应译为“她身体如何?”而Who is she?应译为“她是谁?”其答语应为“她叫什么名字。”而Where is she?应为“她在什么地方?”由答语决定了这道题的选择。3＿＿＿is wrong with my watch. It has stopped＿＿＿.
A Something, working
B Something, to work
C Any thing, working
D Anything, to work
3 ［答案］A.
［析］因为是肯定句所以应用Something,其后由于表停止工作了，则stop后要用动名词。
4 Mary, help ＿＿＿to the bananas, please.
A you
B your
C yourself
D yourselves
4 ［答案］C.
［析］help oneself to something为“自己拿某物”。yourself为“你一个人”，而yourselves为“你们”。
5 —＿＿＿do you go to school every day?
—By bus.
A How
B Why
C When
D Where
5. ［答案］A. ［析］这题的答案是由问句决定的。
6 My skirt is＿＿＿popular than＿＿＿.
A much, her
B much, hers
C more, her
D more, hers
6 ［答案］D.
［析］因句中有than,所以应选用比较级，而than后要选用名词性物主代词。
7 —Can you speak English?
—Yes, but only＿＿＿.
A few
B a few
C little
D a little
7 ［答案］D.
［析］因会讲某种语言的多少要用a little,把它看作不可数名词对待，此答语为：是的，但仅仅会讲一点。
8 Mr.Smith is an old friend of＿＿＿.
A I
B me
C my
D mine
8 ［答案］D.
［析］这里应选名词性物主代词，这也是英语的一种习惯用法，而不要选择my。
9 “＿＿＿do you hear from your parents?”
“About once a month.”
A How long
B How many
C How often
D How much
9 ［答案］C.
二年级下册数学易错题分析
二年级下册数学易错题分析 第一单元解决问题 错例1 题目描述： 典型错解： 错因分析： 学生在解决问题的过程中，对于用两种方法解决问题有所误解，认为像综合算式48-7+12=53（人）和分式48-7=41、41+12=53（人）两种算式的形式不一样就是两种列式的方法，没有将其与解决问题的思路联系起来，再加上教师在讲授的时候没有有效引导，从而导致这样的错误出现。
教学建议： 教师在引导学生认真审题的同时，也要引导学生交流和反馈解题的思路，使学生明确48-7+12=53（人）这个算式中，4第一步48-7就表示转走7人以后班级的人数，再加上12表示转来后现在学生的人数。对比分式48-7=41、41+12=53（人）不难发现，二者的解题思路是一样的，从而告诉学生解题思路相同的算式是相同的方法，激发学生从另外一个角度思考问题，如48+12-7=53，先求出转来后的班级人数，再求转走后的班级总人数。 错例2 题目描述： 校园里有22盆菊花，月季花比菊花多13盆，两种花一共有多少盆？ 典型错例： 错因分析： 通过学生的做题，可以分析出造成学生错误的原因大致有两个：首先是学生审题不够仔细，对于问题没有认真分析，想当然的拿两个已知的数字22和13相加；其次学生对其中的数量关系不够明确，没有认真分析其中的两个已知条件以及要求的问题，特别是“月季花比菊花多13盆”这个中间条件分析得不够透彻，以至于不知其所以然。
在教学过程中，教师要引导学生反复阅读题目，认真分析其中的数量关系，知道要想求“两种花一共有多少盆”这一问题，必须知道月季花和菊花各多少盆，从而顺着问题去找。学生进而从已知的条件中知道菊花有22盆，但月季花需要借助“月季花比菊花多13盆”这一中间条件去求，从而知道月季花可以用“22+13”这一式子表示，找到了两个必须的条件，“两种花一共多少盆”学生就可以列式22+13+22=57（盆）。因此在此类知识上，引导学生对于已知条件和数量关系的分析是今后教师教学的重心。 错例3 题目描述： 小红：我今年6岁。妈妈：我的年龄是小红的6倍。妈妈比小红大几岁？ 典型错例： 错因分析： 学生出现此类错误的原因主要是审题不够仔细，对于问题没有斟酌就开始下笔，以至于答非所问。另外一个原因就是，学生对已知条件的分析还不到位，对于“我的年龄是小红的4倍”这一中间条件理解还不是很透彻。
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