【西大2017版】《语言学导论》网上作业及参考答案

1：[单选题]The syllabic structure of the word "children" is ______.

A:CVCCVC

B:CCVCCCVC

C:CCVCCVC

D:CVVCCVC

参考答案：A

2：[单选题]There are ______ morphemes in the word "policemen".

A: two

B:three

C:four

D:five

参考答案：B

3：[单选题]Which of the following statements is FALSE:

A:Language is just for communication.

B:Language is one of many ways in which we experience the world.

C: Language is a sign system.

D:Language is arbitrary and conventional.

参考答案：A

4：[单选题]Of the following sounds, ______ is a rounded vowel.

A:[au]

B: [u:]

C:[ju:]

D:[e]

参考答案：B

5：[单选题]_____ are produced when the nasal passage is opened by lowering the soft palate ant the back of the throat and the air is allowed to pass through it.

A:Semi-vowels

B:Affricates

C:Nasals

D:Glides

参考答案：C

6：[单选题]_____ studies the changes in language and language use with respect to social factors.

A:Sociolinguistics

B:Comparative linguistics

C:Syntax

D:Computational linguistics

参考答案：A

7：[单选题]A ______ is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an affix can be added.

A:root

B:free morpheme

C:stem

D:suffix

参考答案：C

8：[单选题]Which one of the following statements does not account for the primacy of speech over writing in linguistic analysis? _______

A:Speech existed long before writing systems came into being.

B:Speech is more complex than writing.

C:Genetically children learn to speak before learning to write.

D: Written forms just represent in this way or that the speech sounds.

参考答案：B

9：[单选题]Foreign language learners' errors may be caused by ________.

A:borrowing patterns from the mother tongue

B:extending patterns form the target language, e.g. by analogy

C:expressing meanings using the words and grammar which are already known

D:all the above three

参考答案：D

10：[单选题]Language serves the ________ function when it is used to express the speaker's feeling or attitude or to arouse a certain feeling or attitude in the hearer.

A: phatic

B:informative

C:emotive

D:directive

参考答案：C

11：[单选题]By _____, we mean language can refer to contexts removed from the immediate situations of the speaker.

A:cultural transmission

B: interchangeability

C:displacement

D:creativity

参考答案：C

12：[单选题]When language is used for establishing an atmosphere or maintaining social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas, it serves a _____ function.

A:expressive

B:evocative

C:performative

D:phatic

参考答案：D

13：[单选题]The branch of linguistic study called _____ is concerned with how speakers use the sentences of a language to achieve effective and successful communication.

A:sociolinguistics

B:pragmatics

C:syntax

D:computational linguistics

参考答案：B

14：[单选题]_____ is the study of meaning in language.

A:Syntax

B:Applied linguistics

C:Morphology

D:Semantics

参考答案：D

15：[单选题]Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.

A：False

B：True

参考答案：B

16：[单选题]Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _____ and meanings.

A：sense

B：sounds

C：objects

D：ideas

参考答案：B

17：[判断题]Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.

参考答案：错误

18：[判断题]A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time. 参考答案：错误

19：[单选题]Modern linguistics regards the written language as _____.

A：primary

B：better

C：secondary

D：unchangeable

参考答案：C

20：[判断题]Modern linguistics is different from traditional grammar.

参考答案：正确

21：[判断题]The distinction between competence and performance was proposed by F. de Saussure.

参考答案：错误

22：[单选题]If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be ______.

A：prescriptive

B：analytic

C：descriptive

D：linguistic

参考答案：C

23：[单选题]Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?

A：Arbitrariness

B：Displacement

C：Duality

D：Meaningfulness

参考答案：D

1：[判断题]All normal children have equal ability to acquire their first language.

参考答案：正确

2：[单选题]In first language acquisition, imitation plays ___.

A：a minor role

B：a significant role

C：a basic role

D：no role

参考答案：A

3：[单选题]_____ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the linguists.

A：Words

B：Morphemes

C：Phonemes

D：Sentences

参考答案：B

4：[单选题]Bound morphemes are those that ____.

A：have to be used independently

B：can not be combined with other morphemes

C：can stand as words on their own

D：have to be combined with other morphemes

参考答案：D

5：[单选题]The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _____.

A：lexical

B：morphemic

C：grammatical

D：semantic

参考答案：C

6：[单选题]A ____ vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest position.

A：back

B：central

C：front

D：middle

参考答案：C

7：[判断题]Sense is concerned with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience, while the reference deals with the inherent meaning of the linguistic form.

参考答案：错误

8：[单选题]The sound /f/ is ____.

A：voiced palatal affricate

B：voiced alveolar stop

C：voiceless velar fricative

D：voiceless labiodental fricative

参考答案：D

9：[单选题]Since /p/ and /b/ are phonetically similar, occur in the same environments and they can distinguish meaning, they are said to be _____.

A：in phonemic contrast

B：in complementary distribution

C：the allophones

D：minimal pair

参考答案：A

10：[单选题]The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to another by "copying” a feature of a sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones ______.

A：identical

B：same

C：exactly alike

D：similar

参考答案：D

11：[单选题]____ is a voiced alveolar stop.

A：/z/

B：/d/

C：/k/

D：/b/

参考答案：B

12：[单选题]The sounds produced without the vocal cords vibrating are ____ sounds.

A：voiceless

C：vowel

D：consonantal

参考答案：A

13：[单选题]According to Grice's theory, a conversational implicature arises when the cooperative principle and its maxims are _______.

A:strictly observed

B:secretly and deliberately violated

C:blatantly or apparently violated

D:Both A and B

参考答案：C

14：[单选题]Teaching culture in our language classes can _______.

A:get the students familiar with cultural differences

B:help the students transcend their own culture and see things as the members of the target culture will

C:emphasize the inseparability of understanding language and understanding culture through various classroom practices

D:All of the above.

参考答案：D

15：[单选题]Which of the following statements about machine translation is likely to be wrong? _______.

A: Machine translation has always been a chief concern in computational linguistics.

B:There are areas where machine translation surpasses human translations.

C:Sooner or later, machine translation will replace human translation completely.

D:In some areas, human translations surpasses machine translation.

参考答案：C

16：[单选题]Which of the following qualities is not the requirement of a good test? _______. A:Objectivity

C:Validity

D:Both A and C

参考答案：A

17：[单选题]

A:Negative transfer

B:Overgeneralization

C:Positive transfer

D:mother tongue interference

参考答案：B

18：[单选题]The relation between the two words "buy” and "sell” can be des cribed as____. A: gradable antonymy

B:converse antonymy

C:complementary antonymy

D:synonymy

参考答案：B

19：[单选题]_______are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words. A:Roots

B:Stems

C:Affixes

D:Compounds

参考答案：C

20：[单选题]The syllab ic structure of the word "achieved” is ______.

A:VCCVCC

B:VCVCC

C:VCVVCVC

参考答案：B

21：[单选题]The Cooperative Principle that language users are believed to follow was initially proposed by_________.

A:Grice

B: Austin

C:Chomsky

D:Saussure

参考答案：A

22：[单选题]Language serves the _______ function when it is used to talk about language itself. A:recreational

B:metalingual

C:phatic

D:performative

参考答案：B

23：[判断题]The statement "His car is yellow" entails the statement "He has a car".

参考答案：错误

1：[判断题]“alive” and “dead” are complementary antonyms.

参考答案：正确

2：[判断题]Componential analysis is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features.

参考答案：正确

3：[判断题]The distinction between competence and performance is proposed by Halliday.

参考答案：错误

4：[判断题]The Cooperative Principle is advanced by Paul Grice.

参考答案：正确

5：[判断题]What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is considered.

参考答案：正确

6：[判断题]Pragmatics treats the meaning of language as something intrinsic and inherent.

参考答案：错误

7：[判断题]

参考答案：错误

8：[判断题]

参考答案：错误

参考答案：错误

10：[判断题]

参考答案：正确

11：[判断题]

参考答案：正确

12：[判断题]

参考答案：错误

13：[判断题]

参考答案：错误

14：[判断题]

参考答案：错误

15：[判断题]

参考答案：错误

16：[判断题]

参考答案：错误

17：[判断题]

参考答案：正确

18：[判断题]

参考答案：正确

19：[判断题]

参考答案：正确

20：[判断题]

参考答案：错误

1：[填空题]

参考答案：acronym

2：[填空题]

参考答案：Chomsky

3：[填空题]

参考答案：systemic-functional 4：[填空题]

参考答案：exocentric

5：[填空题]

参考答案：Morpheme

6：[填空题]

参考答案：immediate

7：[填空题]

参考答案：paradigmatic

8：[填空题]

参考答案：Syntax

9：[填空题]

参考答案：Morphology

10：[填空题]

参考答案：blending

参考答案：stem

12：[填空题]

参考答案：affix

13：[填空题]

参考答案：Inflectional

14：[填空题]

参考答案：root

15：[填空题]

参考答案：bound morphemes

16：[填空题]

参考答案：compounds

17：[填空题]

参考答案：free morphemes

1：[单选题]

A：impoliteness

B：contradictions

C：mutual understanding

D：conversational implicatures

参考答案：D

2：[单选题]

A：Cooperative Principle

B：Politeness Principle

C：The General Principle of universal grammar D：Adjacency Principle

参考答案：A

3：[单选题]

A：A locutionary act

B：An illocutionary act

C：A perlocutionary act

D：A performative act

参考答案：C

A：constative B：directive

C：utterance D：expressive

参考答案：C

5：[单选题]

A：pragmatic B：grammatical C：mental

D：conceptual

参考答案：B

6：[单选题]

A：Pragmatics B：Semantics C：Sense relation D：Concept

参考答案：A 7：[单选题]

A：homonyms B：polysemy C：hyponyms D：synonyms

参考答案：D 8：[单选题]

A：Polysemy B：Synonymy

C：Homonymy

D：Hyponymy

参考答案：C

9：[单选题]

A：Reference

B：Concept

C：Semantics

D：Sense

参考答案：A

10：[单选题]

A：is synonymous with B：is inconsistent with C：entails

D：presupposes

参考答案：D

11：[判断题]

参考答案：错误

12：[单选题]

A：Plato

B：Bloomfield

C：Geoffrey Leech D：Firth

参考答案：A

13：[判断题]

参考答案：正确

14：[判断题]

参考答案：错误

15：[判断题]

参考答案：错误

16：[判断题]

参考答案：正确17：[判断题]

参考答案：错误18：[判断题]

参考答案：错误19：[判断题]

参考答案：正确20：[判断题]

参考答案：正确