法律术语:诉讼法律英语词汇大全0304190945
案件case
案件发回remand/rimit a case (to a low court)
案件名称title of a case
案卷材料materials in the case
案情陈述书statement of case
案外人person other than involved in the case
案值total value involved in the case
败诉方losing party
办案人员personnel handling a case
保全措施申请书application for protective measures
报案report a case (to security authorities)
被告defendant; the accused
被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused
被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder
被害人victim
被害人的诉讼代理人victim's agent ad litem
被上诉人respondent; the appellee
被申请人respondent
被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed
被执行人person subject to enforcement
本诉principal action
必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation
变通管辖jurisdiction by accord
辩护defense
辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer
辩护人defender
辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence
辩论阶段stage of court debate
驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim 驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion
驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling
驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit
驳回通知书notice of dismissal
驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution
驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case
补充答辩supplementary answer
补充判决supplementary judgement
补充侦查supplementary investigation
不公开审理trial in camera
不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing
不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest
不起诉nol pros
不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court
财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation
裁定order; determination (指最终裁定)
裁定管辖jurisdiction by order
裁定书order; ruling
裁决书award
采信的证据admitted evidence
查封seal up
撤回上诉withdraw appeal
撤诉withdraw a lawsuit
撤销立案revoke a case placed on file
撤销原判,发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial
出示的证据exhibit
除权判决invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)
传唤summon; call
传闻证据hearsay
答辩answer; reply
答辩陈述书statement of defence
答辩状answer; reply
大法官associate justices; justice
大检察官deputy chief procurator
代理控告agency for accusation
代理申诉agency for appeal
代理审判员acting judge
代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure
当事人陈述statement of the parties
当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court
地区管辖territorial jurisdiction
地区检察分院inter-mediate People's Procuratorate
第三人third party
调查笔录record of investigation
定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date
定罪证据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence
冻结freeze
督促程序procedure of supervision and urge
独任庭sole-judge bench
独任仲裁员sole arbitrator
对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action
对席判决judgement inter parties
二审trial of second instance
二审案件case of trial of second insurance
罚款impose a fine
法定证据statutory legal evidence
法定证据制度system of legal evidence
法官judges
法警bailiff; court police
法律文书legal instruments/papers
法律援助legal aid
法律咨询legal consulting
法庭辩论court debate
法庭调查court investigation
法庭审理笔录court record
法庭审理方式mode of court trial
法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal
法院court
法院公告court announcement
反诉counterclaim
反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim
反诉状counterclaim
犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect
附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action
附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action
复查reexamination; recheck
复验reinspect
高级法官senior judge
高级检察官senior procurator
高级人民法院Higher People's Court
告诉案件case of complaint
告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint
告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division
工读学校work-study school for delinquent children
公安部Ministry of Public Security
公安分局public security sub-bureau
公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government
公开审理trial in public
公开审判制度open trial system
公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation
公诉案件public-prosecuting case
公诉词statement of public prosecution
公证机关public notary office
共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction
管辖jurisdiction
国际司法协助international judicial assistance
海事法院maritime court
合议庭collegial panel
合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench
和解composition; compromise
核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties
恢复执行resumption of execution
回避withdrawal
混合式诉讼mixed action
基层人民法院basic People's Court
羁押期限term in custody
级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels
监视居住living at home under surveillance
监狱prison
检察官procurator
检察权prosecutorial power
检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee
检察院procuratorate
检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate
简易程序summary procedure
鉴定结论expert conclusion
经济审判庭economic tribunal
径行判决direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice
纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings
拘传summon by force; summon by warrant
拘留所detention house
举报information/report of an offence
举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi
决定书decision
军事法院military procuratorate
开庭审理open a court session
开庭通知notice of court session
勘验笔录record of inquest
看守所detention house
可执行财产executable property
控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings
控诉证据incriminating evidence
控诉职能accusation function
扣押distrain on; attachment
扣押物distress/distraint
宽限期period of grace
劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration
劳改场reform-through-labor farm
劳教所reeducation-through-labor office
类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence
累积证据cumulative evidence
立案报告place a case on file
立案管辖functional jurisdiction
立案决定书written decision of case-filing
立案侦查report of placing a case on file
利害关系人interested party
临时裁决书interim award
律师见证书lawyer's written attestation; lawyer's written authentication
律师事务所law office; law firm
律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer
免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty
民事案件civil case
民事审判庭civil tribunal
民事诉讼civil action
民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law
扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police
派出法庭detached tribunal
派出所police station
判决judgement; determination
判决书judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的)
旁证circumstantial evidence
陪审员juror
批准逮捕approval of arrest
破案clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case
破产bankruptcy; insolvency
普通程序general/ordinary procedure
普通管辖general jurisdiction
企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation
起诉filing of a lawsuit
起诉sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings
起诉状indictment; information
区县检察院grassroots People's Procuratorate
取保候审the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
缺席判决default judgement
人民调解委员会People's Mediation Committee
认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless
认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity
上诉appeal
上诉人appellant
上诉状petition for appeal
少管所juvenile prison
社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security 涉外案件cases involving foreign interests 涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings
涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings
法律英语词汇大全
一、律师部分 案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case 案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee ?p??li: 被诉人respondent; defendant 本案律师councel pro hac vice 本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定) 裁决书award(用于仲裁) 裁决书verdict(用于陪审团) 采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions 产权转让conveyancing 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad 出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations 代理仲裁agency for arbitration 代写文书drafting of legal instruments 待决案件pending case 当事人陈述statement of the parties 第三人third party 吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record 调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence 调解mediation 调解书mediation 二审案件case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件send e-mail 法律顾问legal consultants 法律意见书legal opinions 法律援助legal aid 法律咨询legal counseling 法庭division; tribunal 法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws) 法学会law society 法学课程legal courses 法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws) 法学系faculty of law; department of law 法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws) J.D ( juris doctor缩写,美国法学学士) 法学院law school 法院公告court announcement 反诉状counterclaim 房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 非合伙律师associate lawyer 非诉讼业务non-litigation practice 高级合伙人senior partner 高级律师senior lawyer 各类协议和合同agreements and contracts 公安局Public Security Bureau 公司上市company listing 公诉案件public-prosecuting case 公证书notarial certificate 国办律师事务所state-run law office 国际贸易international trade 国际诉讼international litigation 国内诉讼domestic litigation 合伙律师partner lawyer 合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law office 合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision 会见当事人interview a client 会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect 兼职律师part-time lawyer 监狱prison; jail 鉴定结论expert conclusion 缴纳会费membership dues 举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi 决定书decision
民事判决书翻译常用词汇归纳
民事判决书翻译常用词汇归纳 泛瑞翻译 (1)管辖(权):jurisdiction 领事裁判权: consular jurisdiction. (准)对人管辖权: (quasic)jurisdiction in personal (准)对物管辖权:(quasic)jurisdiction in rem 属人管辖权:personal jurisdiction 属地管辖权:territorial jurisdiction . 由于各国对管辖权规定的不同,便很容易引起Selection of court 选择法庭的现象。(2)回避:withdrawal (3)当事人:party (4)诉讼代理人:agents ad litem (5)证据:evidence 举证责任—-证明责任burden of proof 取证evidence-finding 举证责任倒置Burden of proof in reverse 书证documentary evidence 物证material evidence (6)视听资料:audio-visual material (7)证人证言:testimony of witnesses
(8)当事人陈述:statements of the parties (9)鉴定结论:expert conclusions (10)勘验笔录:records of inspection (11)诉讼时效:Limitation of action (12)期间:time periods (13)送达:service (14)调解:conciliation (15)财产保全;property preservation (16)先予执行:advance execution (17)强制措施:compulsory measures specific performance 特定履行,强制执行(18)诉讼费用:litigation costs/fees (19)执行措施:execution measures
法律英语单词
一、律师部分 案件受理费 court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case 案由 cause of action 案子 case 包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件) 被诉人 respondent; defendant 本地律师 local counsel 毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词 defense; pleadings 辩护律师 defense lawyer 辩护要点 point of defense 辩护意见 submission 财产租赁 property tenancy 裁定书 order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定) 裁决书 award(用于仲裁) 裁决书 verdict(用于陪审团) 采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equityinterests 查阅法条 source legal provisions 出差 go on errand; go on a business trip
出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion 出示的证据 exhibit 出庭 appear in court 传票 summons; subpoena 答辩状 answer; reply 代理词 representation 代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate 代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization,trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate andincorporations 代理仲裁 agency for arbitration 代写文书 drafting of legal instruments 待决案件pending case 当事人陈述 statement of the parties 第三人 third party 吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record 调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence 调解 mediation 调解书 mediation 二审案件 case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件 send e-mail 法律顾问legal consultants 法律意见书 legal opinions
专利法律翻译常用词汇和句型5
专利法律翻译常用词汇和句型5 patent act 专利法 patent agent 专利代理人 patent applied for 已申请专利 patent attorney 专利律师 patent classification 专利分类 patent documentation 专利文献 patent documents 专利文件 patent families 同族专利 legaltranz 专利翻译 patent for an invention 发明专利 patent law 专利法 patent license 专利许可证 patent number 专利号 patent of addition 增补专利 patent of confirmation 确认专利 patent of importation 输入专利 patent of introduction 引进专利 patent of revalidation 再效专利 patent office 专利局 patent pending 专利未决 patent right 专利权 patent rules 专利实施细则 patent system 专利制度 patentability 专利性 patented invention 专利发明 patentee 专利权人 patenting 授予专利权 PCT 专利合作条约 PCT Union 专利合作条约 pending application 未决申请 period of a patent 专利有效期 person skilled in the art 所属技术领域的专业人员 petition 要求书 petty patent 小专利 plaintiff 原告人
法律英语常用词汇
法律英语实用单词讲解 accord释义:accord在普通英语中的含义是符合,一致,在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议,指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。如reach an accord达成和解协议,accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。 acquire释义:acquire在普通英语中的含义是获得,获取,而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买,收购,我们通常所说的M&A,即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger 的缩写。如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。 act释义:act在普通英语中的含义是行动,行为,在法律英语中通常理解为作为,与不作为forbear 相对应。如:Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from action释义:act在普通英语中的含义是行动,在法律英语中则理解为诉讼,相当于suit或lawsuit,如initiate an action提起诉讼,win an action在诉讼中获胜,defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。 adopt释义:adopt的最常见含义是采用,通过,如adopt a law通过一项法律,adopt a proposal 采纳一个建议等,这种用法在法律英语中也较为常见。另外,adopt在法律英语中可能会用到一个含义是收养,如adopt an orphan according to law根据法律规定收养孤儿。 admission释义:admission是admit的名词,在普通英语中的含义是承认或接纳。在法律英语中,则通常是法律程序中的一个用语,意思是采纳,采信(证据),如The defendant challenged the admission of the evidence by the court on the ground that the evidence was irrelevant.被告以证据没有相关性为由反对法院对其予以采信。 affect释义:affect是普通英语中最常见最普通的单词之一,意思是影响,通常用在口语和非正式的场合中。但在法律英语,affect(本义没有改变,仍然是影响),确实非常正式的用法,通常不能用influence 等单词替换。如The failure of either party at any time or times to require performance of any provision hereof shall in no manner affect its right at a later time to enforce the same.任何一方在任何时候未要求另一方履行本协议任一条款,并在不影响其以后强制执行该条款的权利。 affiliate释义:affiliate是法律英语的常见单词之一,意思是关联方,关联公司,也可以associate或connected person表示。如“Affiliate” means any person or company that directly or indirectly controls a Party or is directly or indirectly controlled by a Party,including a Party's parent or subsidiary, or is under direct or indirect common control with such Party.“关联公司”指直接或间接控制一方(包括其母公司或子公司)或受一方直接或间接控制,或与该方共同受直接或间接控制的任何人或公司。 agent释义:agent也是法律英语中常见单词之一,意思是代理人,代理商,通常指商业代理,如果指非商业性质的代理,如替别人出席会议等,则可用proxy。 例句:Nothing in this Agreement or in the performance of any of its provisions is intended or shall be construed to constitute either party an agent, 1egal representative, subsidiary,joint venturer,partner,employer,or employee of the other for any purpose whatsoever. 参考译文:本协议的任何内容或本协议任何条款的履行,无意表示、亦不应被理解为任何一方为任何目的可以充当另一方的代理人、法定代表、子公司、合营方、合作伙伴、雇主或雇员。
法律翻译常用词汇注释(D).doc
法律翻译常用词汇注释(D)D Damages damages在法律英语中表示损害赔偿金,要注意用的是复数形式,如果用单数,则表示损害。如incidental damages 附带损害consequential damages 间接损害claim damages for the breach of contract.因违约要损害赔偿金等。 Debenture debenture的意思是债券,通常指的是无担保债券。如bank debenture 金融债券bearer debenture 不记名债券coupon bank debenture 附息票金融债券customs debenture 海关退税凭单等。 Declaration declaration在法律英语中常用作申报,如customs declaration 报关,export declaration出口申报,income tax declaration个税申报等。 Decree 法庭判令。法庭聆讯后所作出的判令,可以分成暂时性判令“decree nisi”和永久性判令“decree absolute”,常见于离婚呈请的程序。一般而言,法庭颁出decree nisi后,在指定的期限过后,除非收到反对,否则都会颁出永久判令。 Deed
契约。是一种特别的合约,须要经过当事人签署、盖章并送交对方才算有效,契约上的盖章在法律上被视为一种有效的约因。 Defamation 诽谤。非法破坏他人名誉的行为,口头的毁谤和以书面的永久形式诽谤都可以构成民事索偿的理据或者刑事罪行。 Defence 抗辩。刑事或民事案件中的被告,否认有关的指控或申索,同时提出反对的支持事实。 Delegate delegate在法律英语中的意思是转让,通常指义务的转让,如:In accordance with the Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter “China”), the consent of the creditors shall be obtained for the delegation of obligations to become effective.根据中华人民共和国(以下称“中国”)法律,义务的转让须取得债权人的同意方可生效。 Dependant 受养人。是指某人的某些家庭成员,需要依靠这个人提供的经济来支持生活,如果这个人因意外死亡,他的受养人因而遭受损失,是有权追究责任,要求赔偿有关的损失。 Discharge
法律英语词汇大全完美版
法律英语词汇大全完美 版 文档编制序号:[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
法律渊源s o u r c e o f l a w 制定法 statute 判例法 case law; precedent 普通法 common law 特别法 special law 固有法 native law; indigenous law 继受法 adopted law 实体法 substantial law 程序法 procedural law 原则法 fundamental law 例外法 exception law 司法解释 judicial interpretation 习惯法 customary law 公序良俗 public order and moral 自然法 natural law 罗马法 Roman Law 私法 private law 公法 public law 市民法 jus civile 万民法 jus gentium 民法法系 civil law system 英美法系 system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系 civil law system 普通法 common law 大陆法 continental law 罗马法系 Roman law system 衡平法 equity; law of equity 日尔曼法 Germantic law 教会法 ecclesiastical law 寺院法 canon law 伊斯兰法 Islamic law 民法法律规范 norm of civil law 授权规范 authorization norm 禁止规范 forbidding norm 义务性规范 obligatory norm 命令性规范 commanding norm 民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality 自愿原则 principle of free will 公平原则 principle of justice 等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则 principle of good faith 行为 act 作为 ac 不作为 omission 合法行为 lawful act 违法行为 unlawful act 民事权利权利能力 civil right 绝对权 absolute right 相对权 relative right 优先权 right of priority 先买权 preemption 原权 antecedent right 救济权 right of relief 支配权 right of dominion 请求权 right of claim 物上请求权 right of claim for real thing 形成权 right of formation 撤销权 right of claiming cancellation
法律英语常用词汇最全
法律英语常用词汇大全
法律英语常用词汇大全 一、律师部分 案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case 案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits 被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee 被诉人respondent; defendant 本案律师councel pro hac vice 本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate 辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense 辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination(指终审裁定) 裁决书award(用于仲裁) 裁决书verdict(用于陪审团) 采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence 草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions 产权转让conveyancing 出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad 出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court 传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation 代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate
法律英语翻译
法律英语翻译:法律翻译常用词汇注释(A-Z) A Ab initio Ab initio是拉丁文,其意思是“自开始之时”或“从头开始”,可以直接翻译为“自始”。在法律英语中,ab initio 的使用频率较高,比较常见。如:ab initio mundi(有史以来),void ad initio(自始无效)等。 Accord accord在普通英语中的含义是符合,一致,在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议,指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。如reach an accord达成和解协议,accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。 Accused 被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告,民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant;而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent(答辩人)。 Acquire acquire在普通英语中的含义是获得,获取,而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买,收购,我们通常所说的M&A,即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。 Acquittal 罪名不成立。刑事案件经审讯后,被告罪名不成立被释放,称为“The accused is acquitted”。Acquittal 是名词。详见民法中和刑法中表达不同意思的“acquit”一文。 Act act在普通英语中的含义是行动,行为,在法律英语中通常理解为作为,与不作为forbear相对应。如:Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from。 Action act在普通英语中的含义是行动,在法律英语中则理解为诉讼,相当于suit或lawsuit,如initiate an action提起诉讼,win an action在诉讼中获胜,defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。 Adjourn
法律英语词汇
一、 action 诉讼 to bring an action/lawsuit against sb. 向某人提起诉讼,到法院告某人 defendant 被告 appellant 上诉人 appellee 被上诉人 cause of action 案由 transaction 交易 to join sb. as plaintiff/defendant 与某人共同起诉、把某人作为第三人被告合并起诉to make a complete determination of a controversy彻底解决争端 to be liable 负有责任 to rest on 依靠,依赖 adversary 敌手,对手;敌对的 adversary system 抗辩制 advocate 用户,提倡;拥护者,辩护者 produce 拿出,出示 evidence 证据 inquisitorial 纠问的 civil law tradition 大陆法传统 presentation 介绍,陈述 intervene 干涉,介入 safeguard 预防措施,保证条款;保护 prevalence 流行,盛行 manifold 多种多样的 contest 比赛 interested 有利害关系的 resolution 解决 to bear the burden of 承担 to reduce... to 把.....降为,把......归纳为 unbiased 无偏见的 satisfy 满足,符合 critic 批评者 merit 事实真相,是非曲直 phase 阶段 reside 属于,归于 affirmative 肯定的,积极的 join 合并 to be liable to sb. for sth. 因某事对某人负有责任 to rest on 依靠 to reside in/with 属于 二、 allege 声称 allegation 声称
法律英语词汇的特点及其翻译
法律英语词汇的特点及其翻译 Ξ 李 丽 (三峡大学外国语学院教师 香港中文大学翻译系博士生 香港沙田) 摘 要 法律文件的英汉翻译在中国发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文从四个方面归纳法律英语词汇的特点,即专业性、正式性、客观性及准确性,并进一步探讨具体的法律词汇翻译的方法和对策。关键词 法律翻译 法律词汇特点 翻译方法 翻译策略 Abstract Translation of legal documents is now playing an ever -increasing role in China.This paper first surveys four primary characteristics of legal vocabulary ,namely ,professionalism ,formalism ,objectivity and exactitude ,followed by a presentation and discussion of s pecific strategies and methods of translating legal vo 2cabulary between English and Chinese. K ey Words Legal translation characteristics of legal vocabulary translation methods translation strate 2gies 随着中国加入WTO ,世界经济一体化,中国与世界的交往和联系越来越多。法律文件的翻译将会在社会生活中扮演很重要的角色。要做好法律文件的英汉翻译,我们必须了解法律英语的一些特点。所谓法律英语,“是指法律界通用的书面英语(包括法律、法规、条例、规章、协定、判定和裁定等),尤其是指律师起草法律文件(合同、章程、协议、契约等)惯常使用的语 言。”[1] 法律英语在词汇、句式等方面都有它自己的特点。本文尝试归纳出法律英语在词汇方面的四大特点,并进而探讨一些具体的翻译方法和策略。1 专业性 “法律语言部分地是由具有特定法律意义的词组成,部分地是由日常用语组成。具有特定法律意义的词,在日常用语中即使有也很少 使用,如预谋、过失、非法侵害等。”[2] 除了具有特定法律意义的词之外,很多在日常生活中普遍应用的词汇,一旦到了法律文本中,便具有了区别于日常意义的法律意义。这也就是我们常 说的法律词汇的“专业性”。下表列举部分英语单词的普通意义和法律意义: 英语单词 日常意义法律意义adverse 相反的非法的battery 电池伤害、人身攻击condemn 谴责判刑、定罪declaration 声明、宣言申诉书exhibit 展出物证hear 听见听审immunity 免疫力豁免权leave 离开休庭proceed 进行起诉report 报告揭发sentence 句子判决undo 解开勾引、诱奸vacation 假期休庭期warrant 保证拘捕令 除了这些普通词汇所具有的专业意义之外,法律英语中还保留了一些外来词和旧体词,这也是法律词汇专业性的一个体现和标记。 外来词:现代法律词汇中保留一些来自拉文的词汇,如: ad hoc 专门地bona fide 真诚地 de facto 事实上的inter alia 除了别的因素以外in re 关于 mutatis mutandis 已作了必要的修订pari passu 按相同比例per se 自身pro bono 为了公益pro rata 按比例 第18卷3期2005年8月 中国科技翻译CHIN ESE SCIENCE &TECHNOLO GY TRANSLATORS JOURNAL Vol.18.No.3 Aug.2005 收稿日期:2005—03—09/14
2020年法律翻译常用词汇注释大全参照模板
A Ab initio 从开始形容事件由开始时的状态,例如合约从开始便已经无效,称为“The contract was void ab initio”。Accord accord在普通英语中的含义是符合,一致,在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议,指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。如reach an accord达成和解协议,accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。 Accused 被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告,民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant;而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent(答辩人)。 acquire acquire在普通英语中的含义是获得,获取,而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买,收购,我们通常所说的M&A,即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。 Acquittal 罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后,被告罪名不成立被释放,称为“The accused is acquitted”。Acquittal 是名词。 Act act在普通英语中的含义是行动,行为,在法律英语中通常理解为作为,与不作为forbear相对应。如:Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from。 Action act在普通英语中的含义是行动,在法律英语中则理解为诉讼,相当于suit或lawsuit,如initiate an action 提起诉讼,win an action在诉讼中获胜,defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。 Adjourn 休庭,押后法庭在聆讯途中暂时休庭30分钟,称为“adjourned for 30 minutes”。如要将聆讯押后再排期重审,称为“adjourned to a date to be fixed”。 Admission admission是admit的名词,在普通英语中的含义是承认或接纳。在法律英语中,则通常是法律程序中的一个用语,意思是采纳,采信(证据),如The defendant challenged the admission of the evidence by the court on the ground that the evidence was irrelevant.被告以证据没有相关性为由反对法院对其予以采信。 Adopt adopt的最常见含义是采用,通过,如adopt a law通过一项法律,adopt a proposal采纳一个建议等,这种用法在法律英语中也较为常见。另外,adopt在法律英语中可能会用到一个含义是收养,如adopt an orphan according to law根据法律规定收养孤儿。 Affect affect是普通英语中最常见最普通的单词之一,意思是影响,通常用在口语和非正式的场合中。但在法律英语,affect(本义没有改变,仍然是影响),确实非常正式的用法,通常不能用influence等单词替换。如The failure of either party at any time or times to require performance of any provision hereof shall in no manner affect its right at a later time to enforce the same.任何一方在任何时候未要求另一方履行本协议任一条款,并在不影响其以后强制执行该条款的权利。
法律英语词汇大全 完美版
法律渊源s o u r c e o f l a w 制定法 statute 判例法 case law; precedent 普通法 common law 特别法 special law 固有法 native law; indigenous law 继受法 adopted law 实体法 substantial law 程序法 procedural law 原则法 fundamental law 例外法 exception law 司法解释 judicial interpretation 习惯法 customary law 公序良俗 public order and moral 自然法 natural law 罗马法 Roman Law 私法 private law 公法 public law 市民法 jus civile 万民法 jus gentium 民法法系 civil law system 英美法系 system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系 civil law system 普通法 common law 大陆法 continental law 罗马法系 Roman law system 衡平法 equity; law of equity 日尔曼法 Germantic law 教会法 ecclesiastical law 寺院法 canon law 伊斯兰法 Islamic law 民法法律规范 norm of civil law 授权规范 authorization norm 禁止规范 forbidding norm 义务性规范 obligatory norm 命令性规范 commanding norm 民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则 principle of equality 自愿原则 principle of free will 公平原则 principle of justice 等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange
常用法律英语词汇
常用法律英语词汇 Ab initio 从开始形容事件由开始时的状态,例如合约从开始便已经无效,称为“The contract was void ab initio”。 Accused 被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告,民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant;而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent(答辩人)。 Acquittal 罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后,被告罪名不成立被释放,称为“The accused is acquitted”。Acquittal是名词。 Adjourn 休庭,押后法庭在聆讯途中暂时休庭30分钟,称为“adjourned for 30 minutes”。如要将聆讯押后再排期重审,称为“adjourned to a date to be fixed”。 Affidavit 誓章以宗教仪式发誓后签署的书面证供称为Affidavit,而以真诚发誓所签署的证供称为Affirmation,两者的格式用词有些分别,但主要作用相同。 Allegation 声称诉讼陈词中未经证实的声言,例如:The Plaintiff alleged that his loss was due to the Defendant’s breach of contract,原告声称他的损失是被告违约所引致。Allegation是名词。Assault 殴打,侵犯以武力侵犯他人的行为,称为Assault,一般性质的殴打,称为“Common Assault”;严重者称为Aggravated Assault;未经许可触摸他人身体,可以被控非礼,称为Indecent Assault。As is 现状“As is”常用于物业买卖的合约中,指物业的现状。“The prop erty is and will be sold on an “as is” basis …”即物业将会以其现状出售。 Bail 保释刑事案中的疑犯或被告,可以暂时被释放。保释可以是有条件的,也可以是无条件的。保释的条件包括缴交指定金额的保释金、提供人事担保及定时向警署报到等。 Balance of Probabilities 可能性较高者这是民事案件中举证的标准,法庭对原告和被告所提出的证据,认为那一方的可信性较高,便会判处该方胜诉。相对刑事案而言,民事案中败诉的后果一般都只是经济利益,所以法庭对举证的要求,相对也较刑事案为低。 Beyond reasonable doubt无合理疑点这是刑事案件中举证的标准,控方向法庭提出的证据,必须是在合理的情况下并无疑点,法庭才会判处被告有罪。刑事罪的后果对被告而言,较为严重,举证标准的要求也因此而较民事案严格,如果法庭认为证据有任何疑点,都会将疑点的利益“benefit of doubt”归于被告。 Binding 有约束力的“binding”通常的解释是连结一起,但法律上则多用作有约束力的,例如:This provisional agreement is a binding contract。这份临时协议是有法律约束力的。 Body Corporation