《英语演讲与辩论》期末考试复习重点word文本

《英语演讲与辩论复习重点》

一、三种演讲的定义

Introductory speech: The speech is written in manuscript form and is designed to fulfill two purposes.The first is to give you a brief, initial exposure to speaking before an audience.The second is to provide a piece of original prose that can be used to help diagnose your strengths and weakness as a writer.

Informative speech:is the one in which the speaker provide the audience with new and/or useful information about a significant topic. Persuasive speech: This is a speech designed to persuade the audience for or against a question or policy.

二、演讲稿三大板块

1、Introduction

①Relate topic to the audience

②Present the topic to the audience

③Attract attention

④Build credibility

⑤Present main points

2、Conclusion——sum up

3、Body

(1)Informative speech

1)Visual aids

A.Kinds of visual aid

a.Objects and models

b.Photographs and drawings

c.Graphs

d.Charts

e.Videos

f.The speaker

g.PowerPoint

B.Tips for preparing visual aids

a.Keep visual aids simple

b.Make sure visual aids are large enough

https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b14469543.html,e fonts that are easy to read

https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b14469543.html,e color effectively

2)Organization pattern

a.Chronological order 时间顺序

b.Spacial order 空间顺序

c.Topical order 话题顺序

（2）Persuasive speech

1)Question of fact

2)

3)Question of policy（passive agreement & immediate action)

a.Problem-solution pattern order 问题出路法

b.Problem-cause-solution order 问题成因出路法

https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b14469543.html,parative advantages order 优惠对比法(pros&cons）

d.Motivated sequence 动机序列法

(seek immediate action and more detailed）

Five steps of motivated sequence

i.Attention

ii.Need ‘

iii.Satisfaction

iv.Visualization

v.Action

三、Supporting material的运用（分析题会用到）Problems:

1.Foreign languages,foreign laws,customs and regulations

2.Exchange rates varies

3.Numerous cultural differences

4.First-hand accurate information is comparatively hard to obtain.

简单例证1.Examples

延展例证

假设

?

?

?

?

?Brief example

Hypothetical example

2. Statistics

.

a. Use representative statistics

b. Identify the sources of statistics

c. Use statistics from reliable sources

d. Round off complicated statistics

e. Explain statistics

f. Use visual aids to clarify statistics

3. Testimony a. Decide whether to quote or paraphrase

b. Quote or paraphrase accurately

c. Use testimony from qualified sources

?????Single statistics Multiple statistics ????

?Expert Peel

https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b14469543.html,e testimony from unbiased sources

e.Identify the people you quote or paraphrase

四、简答

1、Intercultural competence

2、Mental dialogue

3、使用visual aids 的好处`

4、为什么确定specific purpose特别重要

5、为什么道德标准很重要

五、Methods of persuasion

1.Building credibility

1)Factors of credibility

https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b14469543.html,petence

b.Character

2)Enhancing your credibility

a.Explain your competence

b.Establish common ground with your audience

c.Deliver your speeches fluently.expressively and with conviction

https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b14469543.html,ing evidence

https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b14469543.html,e specific evidence

https://www.360docs.net/doc/8b14469543.html,e novel evidence(新颖的）