英语名词解释

英语名词解释
英语名词解释

Anglo-Saxons:They were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled d own in England from the5th century.They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.

The House of Commons:The House of Commons is the real center of British political life because it is the place where about650elected representatives(Members of Parliament)make a nd debate policy.These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of people who vote for them .

The Bill of Rights of1689:In1689,King JamesⅡ’s daughter Mary and her husband William were invited by the politicians and church authori ties to take the throne,on condition that they would respect the rights of Parliament.The Bill of Rights was passed in1689to ensure that the Kin g would neve be able to ignore Parliament.

Constitutional monarchy----It is a political system that has been practis ed in Britain since the Glorious revolution of1688.According to this syste m,the Constitution is superior to the Monarch.In law,the Monarch has m any supreme powers,but in practice,the real power of monarchy has bee n greatly reduced and today the Queen acts solely on the advice of her mi nisters.She reigns but does not rule.The real power lies in the Parliament ,or to be exact,in the House of Commons.

The New Deal----In order to deal with the Depression,President Franklin Roosevelt put forward the New Deal program. It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up many efficient social security systems. The New Deal helped to save American democracy and the development of American economy

the civil rights act of 1964---it outlawed discrimination not only in public housing,but also in employment on the basis of race,color,religion,sex,or

national orgin.

民权法案,宣布不仅在公共场所禁止种族歧视,而且在就业中所涉及的种族、肤色、宗教、性别、国籍等也禁止歧视。

The federal system ----it is a system of government in which power is divided by a written constitution between a central government and reginal,or subdivisional governments.

Comprehensive schools:Comprehensive schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today.Such schools admit chi ldren without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education.Pupils can study everything from academic subj ects like literature to more practical subjects like cooking.

the gettysburg address---it refers to the short speech president lincoln made when he dedicated the national cemetery at gettysburg. He ended the speech with “the government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish死亡from the earth”

初中英语语法知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .

10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

(完整版)英语语法专业术语

英语语法专业术语 语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank 句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech 单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable no 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses

动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct 连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 数词numeral 基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 形式form 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form

专业术语英语整理

The term “enzyme” was coined by Wilhelm Kuhne.创造 crystallized 结晶centrifugal supernatant 离心上清液 were used to imitate enzymes mesoporous介孔材料,多孔 DMF-2甲基甲酰胺 Polymer with enzyme-like activity 聚合物 noble-metal nanoclusters 贵金属纳米团簇 In the presence of dopamine在多巴胺的存在下 Molecularly imprinted polymers were invented by 分子印迹聚合物 Nano ceria as superoxide dismutase mimic. 纳米二氧化铈作为超氧化物歧化酶模拟。 peroxidase mimic. 过氧化物模拟酶catalase,过氧化氢酶 Nano ceria as catalase and oxidase mimic纳米二氧化铈过氧化氢酶和氧化酶模拟

metal sulfide 硫化物 cobalt porphyri n钴 manganese锰facile温和的 chemicals and reagent s化学药品和试剂syring注射器 thioacetamide 硫代乙酰胺 stretching vibration 伸缩振动峰 carbonyl group羰基 aromatic acid 芳香酸 calibration curve 校准线 have been extensively explored to mimic the structures and functions of natural enzymes through various approaches.and several monographs andnumerous excellent reviews have been published have been found to exhibit unexpected enzyme-like Although the progress and achievements of classic artificial enzymes have been thoroughly reviewed in the literature, no comprehensive review has been devoted to nanozymes we discuss the current challenges facing nanozyme technologies and future directions to realize their great potential. 新方法 Hybrid materials(杂化材料) formed by incorporating inorganicmaterials into a polymeric matrix have even more promisingadvantages, such as novel

初二英语语法总结大全

初二期末英语必考的十二大语法点 一. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 (1)单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est。 ①单音节单词 small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest ②少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词 clever→cleverer→cleverest

narrow→narrower→narrowest (2)以不发音e结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在 原级后加-st。 large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest (3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest (4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest

busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest (5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。 beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily (6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest

常用英语语法-日常

一、引出开头 1:It is well-known to us that……(我们都知道……)==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …(就我所知…) 2:Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……(最近……问题引起了关注) 3:Nowadays(overpopulation)has become a problem we have to face.(现今,人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题) 4:Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.(互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色,它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题)5:With the rapid development of science and technology,more and more people believe that……(随着科技的迅速发展,越来越多的人认为……) 6:It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……(人们一般认为……)7:A lot of people seem to think that……(很多人似乎认为……) 8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子(全世界都知道...) 二、表达不同观点 1:People's views on……vary from person to person. Some hold that……However, others believe that……(人们对……的观点因人而异,有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……)2:People may have different opinions on……(人们对……可能会持有不同见解) 3:Attitudes towards (drugs)vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards(failure)(人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异) 4:There are different opinions among people as to……(对于……人们的观点大不相同) 三、表示结尾 1:In short, it can be said that……(总之,他的意思是……) 2:From what has been mentioned above, w e can come to the conclusion that……(从上面提到的,我们可以得出结论……) 3:Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……(把所有的这些因素加以考虑,我们自然可以得出结论……) 4:Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……(因此,我们最好的出这样的结论……) 5:There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.(毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点) 6:All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.(总之,我们没有……无法生活,但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题) 四、提出建议 1:It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).(该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了)2:There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……(毫无疑问,对……问题应予以足够重视) 3:Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……(显然,如果我们想要做么事,很重要的是……) 4:Only in this way can we ……(只有这样,我们才能……) 5:Spare no effort to+V(不遗余力的) 五、预示后果

英语-名词解释

名词 英语语法分为词法和句法,分别是研究词类和句子的。英语共有十大词类,他们分别是名词、动词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。我们会在以后的课程中一一学习。对名词的考查,通常会与主谓一致、名词的修饰词(有的只可以修饰可数名词,有的只可以修饰不可数名词)等结合起来进行考查。名词的辨析、可数与不可数、同一名词的可数与不可数的不同意义,名词的一些习惯表达法都是考查的要点。本讲重点对名词几个常见考点进行剖析。 1.名词的意义:从英语语法角度讲,表示人物、时间、地点、事物或抽象概念的词我们通常都称其为名词。例如chairman Shanghai milk physics 等。 2.名词的种类:总体上我们将英语中的名词分为 两大类专有名词 普通名词

专有名词 个体名词可数名词 名词集体名词 普通名词物质名词 抽象名词不可数名词 (A)专有名词:表示人或物所特有的名字,通常是人名、地名、书 报刊名、团体组织、机关名称等。例如Tom ,Beijing University , the United Nations. 专有名词的第一个字母要大写。 (B)普通名词:表示一类人、事物、物质或是表示一个抽象概念的 名词。例如 worker ,TV pen 等,普通名词可以分为以下四类: (1)个体名词:表示单个的人或单个的事物的名词。Chair car (2) 集体名词:表示一群人或一些事物的总称的名词。Class army police 由于本身就是复数意义,通常不再通过加-s变成复数,但是在主谓一致关系中要看是否表示整体,如果强调的是组成 该集体的个体概念时谓语动词用复数,如果表示整体要用单数,具 体情况见主谓一致部分的讲解。

英语语法术语

常见的语法术语摘要 1.名词noun 动词verb 形容词adjective 数词numeral 代词 pronoun 2.介词preposition 副词adverb 连词conjunction 冠词article 感叹词 interjection 3.结构:structure 简单句simple sentences 并列句compound sentences 4.复合句complex sentences 倒装句inverted sentences 省略句elliptical sentences 5.陈述句declarative sentences 疑问句interrogative sentences 6.祈使句imperative sentences 感叹句exclamatory sentences 7.否定句negative sentences 被动句passive sentences 8.虚拟语气句subjunctive sentences 同义句synonymous sentences 9.歧义句ambiguous sentences 委婉句euphemisms 强调句emphasis 10.疑难句difficult sentences 叙述句narrative sentences 说明句expository sentences 11.议论句argumentative sentences 人物描写句descriptive sentences of people 12.动作描写句:descriptive sentences of actions 13.环境描写句descriptive sentences of environment 14.名人语句quotations 格言句maxims 谚语句proverbs 15.状语adverbial 补语complement 宾语object 宾语补助语objective complement 16.表语predicative 主语subject 谓语predicate 谓语动词finite verb 17.非谓语动词non-finite verb 情态动词modal verb 18.并列coordination 选择alternative 转折transition 对比contrast 19.原因cause 结果effect 20.动词时态verb tenses 21.一般现在时simple present (tense) 22.一般过去时simple past (tense) 一般将来时simple future (tense) 23.过去将来时future (tense) in the past 现在完成时present perfect (tense) 24.过去完成时past perfect (tense) 将来完成时future perfect (tense) 25.现在进行时present continuous (tense) 过去进行时past continuous (tense) 26.将来进行时future continuous (tense) 27.现在完成进行时present perfect continuous (tense) 28.主句main clause 从句subordinate clause 29.限定性定语从句restrictive attributive clause 30.非限定性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clause 31.宾语从句object clause 壮语从句adverbial clause 主语从句subject clause 32.表语从句predicative clause 同位语从句appositive clause 33.双重复合句double complex sentences 34.多重复合句multiple complex sentences 35.插入语parenthesis 36.IT引导的句子IT sentences

环境科学专业英语名词解释

【环境】相对于某中心事物而言的周围境况。与某一中心事物有关的周围事物,就是这个事物的环境。 【生态环境】生态环境指生物体周围的其他生物和无机自然界,以及与作为主体的生物之间存在着种种客观的生存、营养关系和因果关系。 【环境科学】环境科学是研究人类与环境之间相互关系的科学,涉及自然科学、社会科学和技术科学,综合性很强。 【人类生态系统】人类生态系统,是指居民与其生存环境相互作用的网络结构,也是人类对自然环境适应、加工、改造而建造起来的人工生态系统。 【恒星】由炽热气体组成的、能自己发光的天体,维持恒星辐射的能源主要是热核反应。 因短期内很难发现它们位置的相对变化,故名恒星。 【脉冲星】脉冲星,就是一种变化的恒星。因为这种星体不断地发射短暂而极有规律的电磁脉冲信号 【新星】光度突然增加的爆发性恒星。 【行星】行星指的是围绕太阳运转、自身引力足以克服其刚体力而使天体呈圆球状、并且能够清除其轨道附近其他物体。 【卫星】围绕行星运行的天体。卫星本身不发光,大小、质量相差极大,运动特性很不一致。【星云】星云银河系内太阳系以外一切非恒星状的气体尘埃云。 【地球】地球是太阳的从里往外数第三颗行星,距太阳大约有150000000公里。地球每365.256 天绕太阳运行一圈,每23.9345小时自转一圈。它的直径为12756公里,只比金星大了一百多公里。 【高原】海拔高程在600m以上,表面较为平坦或略有起伏,四周常有崖壁与较低的地形单元分界。 【丘陵】地表起伏不大、山峦林立的低矮地形 【平原】地势宽广平坦,或略有起伏。海拔高程在200m以下的称为低平原。 【盆地】四周是高原或山地,中央低平的地区,外形似盆而得名。 【地球自转】地球绕其本身轴线的旋转运动。与太阳系的大多数行星一样,自转的方向是自西向东,从从北极上空向下看,为逆时针旋转 【太阳日】以太阳作参照,地球上的任意一点连续两次经过地心与太阳圆面中心连线的时间间隔,其长度是24小时。 【太阴日】月球作为参照,地球上任意一点连续两次经过地心与月球圆面中心连线的时间间隔,其长度是24小时50分。 【自转线速度】线速度是指地球上某点在单位时间内绕地轴所转过的线距离 【自转角速度】除南北两极外,地球各处的角速度都相同,平均角速度大约为每日360°,或每小时15°。 【赤道】地球绕轴自转,称自转轴,亦称地轴。地轴与地球表面的交点,称地球两极。过地轴中点且垂直于地轴的平面与地球表面的交线,称为赤道。 【地球公转】地球沿一定轨道围绕太阳的运动,称为公转。从地球北极高空看来,地球的公转方向也是自西向东,呈逆时针方向。 【近日点、远日点】每年大约1月3日,地球最接近太阳,此时的位置称为近日点;大致7月4日,地球最远离太阳,此时的位置称为远日点。 【春分点秋分点】赤道面与天球相交的大圆,叫天赤道,黄道面与天球相交的大圆,称为黄道。天赤道与黄道有两交点,分别为春分点和秋分点;春分点与秋分点之间的两个中点分别称为夏至点和冬至点 【黄赤交角】地球的公转轨道面.叫黄道面,是通过地心的一个平面,和地轴成66°34′

初中英语语法大全(总结篇)

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