高中英语近义词辨析

高中英语近义词辨析
高中英语近义词辨析

看系列:see behold watch look regard view glance gape peep peer 这些词在四级考试中都有“看、注视”的意思:

see 看,看见。最通用的一个次。

可以指不经意的看到;如:As he stood there, he saw tow men enter the bar. 他站在那里时,看到两个人进入了酒吧。

也可以指有意图的看没事物;如:Let’s see your ticket please! 请让我们看看你的票。

behold 看着,瞧着。指盯着看,常强调被看之物给人以强烈冲击或印象。

如:We beheld the ship sinking. 我们看着那艘船沉下去。

watch 看着,注视。强调注视,指注意力集中与受到吸引,全神贯注,常用于祈使句中。如:He breathlessly watched the spider attempt to spin its web for the third time. 他凝神屏息地观看那蜘蛛试图第三次结网。

look 看,打量,注视。用途广泛的一个词。

可以指有意识地把目光转向某事物关看;如:The passers-by looked into the window curiously. 路人好奇地往窗子里面看。

也可以指偶尔不经意地把眼光转向某事物;如:He looked absent-mindedly here and there only to see nothing. 他心不在焉地东瞧西看,什么也没看见。

regard 看着,打量着,审视着。指从一定距离上观看,或怀着某种特定的情绪态度打量。如:The policeman regarded the movements of the man across the street with suspicion. 那警察怀疑地打量着街对面那个男人的举动。

view 审视,察看。意指看着呈现在面前的东西,带有仔细察看和审视的意思。

如:He viewed a map carefully before setting off. 出发之前,他仔细地审视了地图。

glance 扫视,匆匆一看。强调突然迅速地看一眼。

如:She glanced along the road to see if he was coming. 她沿路扫视着,看他是否要来了。

联想助记:gl开头的好多词都有一种流动的光(glimmer glisten glance等等)的感觉,扫视就有这样一种感觉。

gape (at) 目瞪口呆地凝视;张着嘴注视(常与at连用)。

如:She gaped at the strange tall man她目瞪口呆地凝视着这位高高的陌生男人。

联想助记:g+ape(猩猩)à好象猩猩看人一般,猩猩看到人的时候,眼睛睁大,瞳孔放大,嘴角上翘,嘴角流出一些液体,吃惊的看着你,主要是觉得你长得和它差不多,真奇怪,吃惊的看。

peep 偷偷摸摸地看;窥视(常与at, in, out, into连用)。指从小的洞口或躲藏处窥看。如:He peeped through the door.他从门后偷窥。

联想助记:p(趴着)+ee(眯着眼)+p(漂亮)à趴在门上两个小眼睛斜看着漂亮妹妹,偷窥的感觉就出来了。

peer 专心地,努力地看。指使劲地,审视地窥看,似乎在努力要看清楚一些。

如:peering impudently into your face. 仔细的看你的脸。

联想助记:p(趴着)+ee(眯着眼)+r(联想成眼角的鱼尾纹)à趴在那里努力地眯着眼睛看,连眼角的鱼尾纹都出来了。大家想想近视了。

border fringe margin edge rim brim 这六个词在四级考试中都有边缘边界的意思:

border n. 边沿,边界区域,将政治实体分离的界限及周边地区。

the criminal escaped over the border. 罪犯逃过了边界。

联想助记:b联想保护+order命令:接受命令保护边界

fringe n.(窗帘、衣物)穗,毛边;刘海(额头前的短发);边缘,外围。

hair forming a fringe around his bald head.头发在他的凸头上形成了刘海。

联想助记:男生们喜欢手指finger戴戒指ring,眼睛e大大有刘海fringe的女孩。

margin n. 书页边缘,页边的空白;(大块区域的)边缘地区。

the margin of a river 河边

联想助记:marg-联想magazine杂志+in里面:页边的空白在杂志里面。

edge n. 缘,端:刀口,利刃;两平面相接处的交线,棱角。

the edge of a cliff.悬崖的边缘

联想助记:d不发音,ege联想为两个眼睛ee一个鼻子而形成棱角。

rim n. 边,轮缘;指圆柱形或类似圆柱形的开口处的边缘。

the rim of a clipped glass. 有缺口的杯子的边缘。

联想助记:rim的动词指镶边,给…加边框;所以rim的名词指容器的开口的边缘。

brim n. 边,边缘;也指圆形物的边缘,但常与盛满的容器相联系使用,并延伸用与非圆形物体。

the tea cup was filled to the brim. 茶杯满到杯子边了。

联想助记:brim的动词指注满溢出,所以brim的名词指盛满的容器的边。

consider (to be) regard (as) treat (as) take...for... 都含“认为...是...; 当作...”意思。

consider vi.& vt. 考虑;思考;认为;以为。侧重“经过考虑而认为”,表示“一种比较客观的看法”。

All the critics consider the book a masterpiece.所有的评论家都认为这本书是一本杰作。

regard vt. 看待, 当作。regard (as)指“把...认为”、“把...看作”,表示“以外部形象得出认识,外在的评估或个人的主观认识,有时指视觉的评价”。

regard him as a friend 把他看作朋友。

treat 表示“在某种认识的基础上看待或对待,以某种特定的方式行动或表现”。重在行动,而不在认识。

They will not be treated as enemies. 他们不会被当作敌人对待。

take...for...“主观的认为,假设是…常有误解的意思”

We must not take it for granted that the board of the directors will approve of the investment plan.我们决不可想当然地认为董事会一定会批准这个投资计划的。

summit peak climax 都含“最高点”或“顶端”的意思。

summitn. 山峰;顶点、成就的顶峰。特指“山头的最高顶面以及政府首脑的最高级别或政治活动的最高级别”。

This is the summit of the mountain, we can’t get any higher.这里是山顶了,我们不能再爬得更高了。

peak /pi:k/ n. 山顶,顶点,隆起部分。指“山中的最高峰”, 还可指“程度、数量、物体等的尖端”

the peak output最高产量。

climax n. 高潮, 顶点。指“兴趣、情绪或重要性的最高点”或“戏剧、小说等情节的高潮”

His quarrel with his father brought matters to a climax. 他与他父亲的争吵使得事态发展到了顶点。

beat hit pound thrash blow whip strike flog knock 这些词都含有“打击”的意思。

beat 打击。最通用的一个词。广泛用来指反复打击的行为,未说明所用工具、打击对象及力度。

如:They beat him unconscious. 他们把他打得失去知觉。She tried to beat the mosquitoes away. 她努力想打跑蚊子。

hit 瞄准、打击。指有力地瞄准一击,不表明打击工具及目标。

如:The little boy hit him hard enough to blacken his eyes. 这小男孩给他重重的一击,把他眼睛打青了。

pound 重击,捶打。指用拳头或其它重物一再重击。

如:The boxer pounded his opponents hard. 这个拳击运动员重拳连击他的对手。

thrash 挥打,抽打。原意指用打谷器抽打谷物;现用于喻意,指挥舞手臂或棒棍抽打。如:As he swam, he thrashed water with his hands. 他游水时,用手臂划水。

blow 打击,一击。只能用作名词;指用张开或合着的手,或武器的重重一击。

如:He knocked them both down with one blow. 他重重的一击把他们双双打倒。

whip 鞭打,抽打。指用鞭或鞭状物反复抽打。

strike 打击。

(1) 大体与hit可以互换。

如:He strikes/hits the boy. 他打了这男孩一下。 A stone struck/hit me on the head. 一块石头击中了我的头部。

(2)常用与某些专门的场合。

如:Lightning struck the barn. 雷电击中了谷仓。to strike a dagger into sb. 把匕首捅入某人身体。

flog 鞭打。指鞭打,尤其指用带有分叉的皮条抽打,但也可以指用任何软硬器具的抽打。如:Convicts were mercilessly flogged in Australia’s early days. 早先在澳大利亚,人们无情地抽打犯人。

knock 打,敲。

(1) 指有力地打击,以使成为某种状态。

如:Knock down the imperialists. 打倒帝国主义。The blow knocked me flat. 这一击把我打躺下了。

(2) 指反复打击出声。

如:When knocked, the ancient chime bells produce melodious tune. 当你敲打古代编钟,他们会发出优美的音调。

get obtain gain acquire procure secure derive achieve attain都含有一定的“得到,获得,达到(目的)”之意

get 得到,获得。使用最广泛的一个词,包含有意努力去获得或被动地得到之意。

如:Where did you get those figures? 你在哪得到这些数字的?

obtain得到,获得。较正式用词,常用于较正式的上下文中,强调努力从某物中去寻求、获取。指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西

如:Many ancient alchemists had tried in vain to obtain gold from lead.很多古代术士徒劳地试图从铅中获得黄金。

gain 获得,得到。指通过努力与付出而得到,但需要做出比obtain更大的努力,含有通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西的成分;另外也指通过一点一滴积累中获得某事物的过程。如:He gained full marks in the examination.他在考试中获得满分。Step by step he gained the child’s confidence.他一步步地获得了孩子的信任。

acquire 获得。指经过持续而缓慢的不懈努力获得技术、知识等抽象的东西过程,有收集或增长之意,常指学习过程;也指养成习惯等。

如:Quite a few young people have acquired education through self-teaching.不少青少年通过自学而获得教育。

procure 获得。指通过谋划与手法获得到不易获得的事物,包括不正当的勾当,语气上可以表示中立,也可带有责备之意。

如:Can you procure that rare old book for me? 你能设法为我搞到那本珍惜的古籍吗?

secure 获得、获取。正式用词,重点在于表达获得事物和维持事物的困难性。

如:He is lucky to have secured himself such a good job.他很幸运,给自己弄到并保持住了这样一份好工作。

derive 从…获得,得到、源自。常指自然获得的结果,指一个客观过程。

如:Everyone may derive benefit from physical exercises. 每个人都可以从体育运动中获得好处。

achieve 达(得)到(目的、成就)。强调通过持续的努力,克服困难后达到某项意想的目标,通常指明达到此目标的某种方法、方式、程序等。

如:Only by practice can we achieve mastery.只有实践才能达到精通。

attain 达到、实现。正式用语,与achieve基本意义相近似,常用于表达期盼目标,但事先并无把握能否成功。

如:They attained a decisive victory in the hard-fought battle.在这场艰苦的战斗中,他们取得了决定性的胜利。

defend guard protect preserve conserve 这几个词都含“保护、保卫”的意思。

defend vt. 保卫、捍卫、防御、辩护。强调眼前存在危险,并暗示使用强力或其他对应措施来加以保护。同时也指法律中的辩护。应用范围很广, 对象可以是具体的, 也可以是抽象的(保卫祖国;捍卫自己的权利、名誉等)

例:Defend oneself against enemy. 防御敌人。

联想助记:defend 谐音提防的,我们要提防敌人保卫祖国。

guard v.保卫, 警卫,看守n.守卫。指十分小心警觉、注意观察、戒备, 保护某事物,以防实际发生的或潜在的攻击或伤害”

例:The dog guarded the house.狗守护着房子。

联想助记:一部著名电影<>相信大家都有感觉。

protect vt. 保护...以免遭受危险或伤害等(常与from, against连用)。这是一个很通用的词,含有提供掩护、遮拦、或其他的屏障等安全方式来驱开不适、挡开伤害或进攻。

例:Protect the children from harm 保护儿童免受伤害。

联想助记:pro(向前)+tect(盖上)

preserve vt.保护、保存、保藏。正式用词,防止损坏或损毁;强调对现有事物完全保持现状不变,甚至禁止使用;另指防腐。

例:It was proposed that the house be preserved as it had been when Lu Xun lived in it. 人们建议把这房子按照鲁迅当年居住时的原样保护起来。

联想助记:pre(在前面)+serve(保存)

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4. abolish/cancel 5. above all/first of all/at first 6. accuse/charge/blame/scold

7. acquire/obtain/gain/win/earn 8. adjust/adapt 9. adopt/adapt 10. agreement/contract/bargain

11. also/too/either/as well/besides/moreover 12. anxious/eager/keen 13. apart from/except/except for/except that/besides

14. argue/debate/discuss/quarrel 15. ashamed/shameful/shame 16. at ease/with ease

17. attempt/try/manage 18. attend/join/join in/take part in/participate in 19. average/common/ordinary/general/usual

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