动词leave的特殊用法
leave用法荟萃
在中学英语中，leave是一个常用词，也是一个常考词。该词当动词用时的意思是“离开、出发、动身”等，leave除了这些意思以外,还有以下几种特殊用法，很值得我们注意。下面对该词的若干特殊用法进行归纳总结。
一、作"留下"、"丢下"、"落下",常表示某物落在/忘在某地。。例如：
You'd better leave your address and telephone number.
你最好留下你的地址和电话号码。
Better take off your shoes and leave them outside. 最好把鞋脱掉,放在外面。
I left my key in the reading room. 我把钥匙忘在阅览室了。
二、表示"留给"、"交给",一般与介词with或to搭配。。例如：
Leave it with / to me and I'll see what I can do. 把它交给我,我就知道该怎么办。
He has left a number of books with / to me. 他把好些书都存在我这儿/留给了我。
We didn't find him and left word (或a message) with his neighbours.
我们没找到他,于是就托他的邻居留了个条。(不用to,因为便条还要交给别人)
注意: leave sth with sb, 表示"暂存",以后还要取回。leave sth to sb, 表示以后不再索还。
三、 leave作使役动词,表示"使/让……保持某种状态"，这时可以用形容词、动词不定式、分词、名词或介词短语等作宾语补足语。
① 用形容词作宾语补足语。例如：
Leave the door open when you go out. 出去时,不要关门。
His illness left him very weak. 他生病以后,身体很虚弱。
② 用不定式作宾语补足语。例如：
Leave him to do it himself. 让他自个儿去做。
They killed the bison, cut off the skins and left the bodies to rot.
他们把野牛杀死剥皮,尸体就任其腐烂。
What we've done leaves much to be desired. 我们的工作还有很多不足之处。
③ 用现在分词作宾语补足语。例如：
They walked off and left me sitting there alone.
他们走开了,让我一个人坐在那儿。
He went out, leaving his papers lying open on the desk.
他出去时,把他的文件摊在桌子上。
④ 用过去分词作宾语补足语。例如：
Did you leave the doors and windows properly fastened? 你把门窗关好了吗?
He left a few questions unanswered. 他还有些问题没有作答。
⑤ 还可用名词、介词短语等作宾语补足语。例如：
His parents both died last year, leaving him an orphan.
他父母去年双双去世,留下他成为一个孤儿。
He left his schoolbag on the playground. 他把书包丢在操场上了。
四、leave的过去分词left,常用作后置定语,表示"剩下的"。。例如：
I've got two tickets left for tonight's film. 今晚的电影票我有多余的两张。
Is there any water left in the bottle? 瓶子里还有水吗?
五、leave还可作名词：leave用作名词时意思是“假期”。例如：ask sb for a day’s leave(请一天的假); give sb six’s weeks’ leave(给某人六周的假期)等；还可以构成成语：on leave(休假); take one’s leave(告辞、告别).另外该词还有“准许、批准”之意。例如：
I have 3 weeks' leave. 我有三个星期休假。
My best friend, Joan is spending her leave in Beijing.
我最好的朋友琼正在北京度假。
He asked his teacher for sick leave. 他向老师请病假。
六、有关leave的若干词组：由leave构成的常用词组还有：leave behind(遗留、留下); leave hold of(放手); leave it as it is(听其自然); leave off(戒除、停止); leave out(省去、略去，遗漏); leave word(留话)等。