人称代词讲解

人称代词

主格宾格反身代词adj性物主代词n性物主代词

第一人称I（我）me my self my mine we（我们）us our selves your your s

第二人称you（你＼你

们）

you yourself our our s

第三人称he（他）him himself his his she（她）her herself her her s it（它）it itself its it s they（他＼她

＼它们）

them themselves their their s

一、英语的人称代词

按用法分主格、宾格、形容词形物主代词、名词性物主代词和反身代词。

1、主格、宾格：

A.主格=主语：表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。I am a student. You are a boy. He likes playing basketball. Are you a girl? Do they play football?

B. 宾格=宾语：表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me. Let me give her some flowers. 或者简单地来判断，在陈述句中，用于句首的就是主格，主格用于动词前，宾格

用于动词和介词后。同学们只要记住这一句话，主格和宾格就基本上用不错了。

为了更直观的理解，我们看下面的这些句子：

I like you. 我喜欢你。

You like me.你喜欢我。

He likes her.他喜欢她。

She likes him.她喜欢他。

We like you.我们喜欢你们。

You like us.你们喜欢我们。

They like us.他们喜欢我们。

We like them. 我们喜欢它们。

上面这些简单的句子里，like前面的人称代词都是主格，而后面的都是宾格。你

可以把上面的句子背过，以便熟练掌握它们的用法。你也可以把like换成别的动词，比如play with（和……玩）、look at （看着）等等，读着玩玩儿，你认为哪

个动词好玩就换成哪个。

2、物主代词：表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词可分为形容词性物

主代词和名词性物主代词两种

形容词性物主代词有：my我的、your你的、his他的、her她的、its它的、our 我们的、your你们的、their他们的。之所以叫它们形容词是因为他们必须放在

名词前面作定语。物主则表示它们是物的主人。如：我们的老师our teacher、我的汽车my car、你的裤子your trousers、他的风筝his kite、她的椅子her chair、

它的腿its legs、你们的学校your school、她们的聚会their party。

名词性物主代词有：mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs 依次表示我的、你的、他的、她的、它的、我们的、你们的、他（她、它）们的。注意除了mine 每个单词后面都有一个“s”。

因为他们本身是名词性，所以后面不能再跟名词，否则就犯了重复的错误。比如我们可以说my book,但不能说mine book；her dress而不是hers dress。

请熟读下面的句子：

This is my book. The book is mine. 这是我的书。这书是我的。

That is your desk. That’s yours. 那是你的课桌。那是你的。

This is his cup. It’s his. 这是他的杯子。是他的。

That is her skirt. The skirt is hers. 那是她的短裙。那短裙是她的。

That’s its banana. The banana is its. 那是它的香蕉。那香蕉是它的。

This is our classroom. It’s ours. 这是我们的教室。是我们的。

This is their basketball. It’s theirs. 这是他们的篮球。是他们的。

例句：

I love my country. 我热爱我的国家。

Is this your car? 这是你的汽车吗?

Some one is looking for you, his name is Tom. 有人找你,他的名字是汤姆。

名词性的物主代词可用作主语,宾语,表语以及与"of" 连接的定语。

Li Hua''s bike is red, and yours is green. 李华的自行车是红色的,而你的是绿色的。That car is mine, not yours. 那辆汽车是我的,不是你的。

These books are ours. 这些书是我们的。

Whose bag is it? It''s hers. 这是谁的书包? 是她的。

Yesterday I met a friend of mine in the street. 昨天我在街上碰见了我的一位朋友。

注：人称代词的主格和宾格指的是人本身，比如I指的就是我这个人；物主代词，顾名思义，说明的是某某的主人，比如，“我的书”，主体词是书，而我是这本书

的主人，这时候，就不能用I来表示了，而应该用my来表示，这本书的主人是我，这本书是我的，也就是my book。

3、反身代词有myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves. 分别表示我自己、你自己、他自己、她自己、它自己、我们自己、

你们自己、他（她、它）们自己，单词后面的self意思是自己，selves是self的复数（变f为v再加es）。反过来表示自己，所以叫反身代词。

看下面例句：

He saw himself in the mirror.

他在镜子里看见了他自己。（himself 和he 为同一人）

He saw him in the mirror.

他在镜子里看见了他。（him 显然指另外一人）

She fixed her bike by herself. 她自己修好了她的自行车。

练习:

一．填空

1. _____我called _____你. Did you phone _____我? Do you know _____我的phone number?

2. This bag is _____我的, not _____你的. _____你的bag is over there.

3. Lingling wants to ask _____她的teacher if the dress is _____她的. _____她lost _____它last week. _____她的teacher phoned _____她的.

4. Sam doesn’t like _____他的new shoes. _____他will give it to you. Are you going to give _____他anything? Er…OK, this book is _____他的now.

5. _____我们love _____我们的country. This beautiful land is _____我们的. _____她feeds _____我们with good food.

6. _____她们went to _____他们的party last week. The boys invited _____她们. This invitation is _________他们的.

二、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空

A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空

1. Your football clothes are on the desk. Please put _________(they，them，their，theirs) away.

2. (We，Us，Our，Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _________(she，her，hers).

3. (I，Me，My，Mine)_________ can't get my kite. Could you help _________(I，me，my，mine)?

4. Tom can't get down from the tree. Can you help _________(he，him，his)?

5. Her kite is broken. Can _________(you，your，yours) mend it?

6. We can't find our bikes. Can you help _________(we，us，our，ours)?

7. These are _________(he，him，his) planes. The white ones are _________(I，me，mine).

B. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词

1. This isn't her knife. _________ is green.

2. These are your books，Kate. Put __________ in the desk，please.

3. You must look after ________ things.

4. Wei Fang，is that ________ ruler? Yes，it's.

5. They want a football. Give __________ the green one，please.

6. It's Lin Tao's bag. Give ________ to __________.

7. Is this pencil-box Li Lei's? No，___________ is very new.

8. This box is too heavy. I can't carry _________. Don't worry，Let __________ help __________.

9. _____ is a boy. _____ name is Mike. Mike's friends like _____ very much.

10. My sister is in _____ room. _____ is a teacher.

11. Jane is a little girl. _____ mother is a nurse.

12. We are in _____ classroom. _____ classroom is big.

13. My father and mother are teachers. _____ are busy

14. You are a pupil. Is _____ brother a pupil, too

三、用括号中的适当形式填空

（1）—Are these ________（you）pencils? —Yes, they are ________（our）. （2）—Whose is this pencil? —It’s ________（I）.

（3）I love ________（they）very much.

（4）She is________（I）classmate.

（5）Miss Li often looks after________（she）brother.

（6）—Are these ________（they）bags ？

—No, they aren’t ________（their）. They are ________（we）.