大学英语语法名词总结grammar terms

大学英语语法名词总结grammar terms
大学英语语法名词总结grammar terms

Grammar terms

1.Inflectional Affix 屈折词缀example:-es,-s,-ed,-d,-er,-est

2.Derivational Affix派生词缀example:prefix:anti-,co-,un-;suffix:-ion,-ness

3.Derivative派生词example:unfair,nonsmoker

https://www.360docs.net/doc/9616391207.html,pound word复合词

n. + n. workshop, bookshelf, lifesaver, color-film

pron. + n. she-wolf, he-bear, he-man

n. + v. sunrise, sunset, shoplift, power-cut

v. + n. scarecrow, telltale, breakfast, turncoat

a. + n. greenhouse, red-tape, bluebook

a. +n. + ed. smooth-tongued, cold-blooded, narrow-minded, high-nosed

n. + v. + ed. heart-broken, weather-beaten, home-made, heartfelt

n. + v. + ing. peace-keeping, law-abiding, time-saving, truth-telling, fact-finding

n. + a. blood-thirsty, ice-free, snow-white, homesick

a. + n. high-grade, first-class, long-range, new-type, second-hand

a. + a. bloody-red, bittersweet, dead-alive, white-hot

v. + a. test-wise, failsafe, diehard, talk-big

prep. + n. indoor, overhead, aboveboard, online

hyphen conj. out-of-door, life-and-death, wait-and-see

adv. + v. to overtake, to uplift, to uproot, to underline, to downplay, to upload

n. + n. to brainstorm, to streamline, to dog-ear, to windsurf, to showcase

n. + v. to air-drop, to eavesdrop, to breastfeed, to nose-dive, to mastermind

a. + v. to safeguard, to whitewash, to blindfold

5.Closed class封闭词类介词preposition in,of,on,without

代词pronoun you,he,one,which

限定词Determiner a,the,this,some

连词conjunction and,or,but,because

助动词Auxiliary do,can,may,must,will

Determiner限定词definite article,indefinite article,zero article, a,the,/

possessive determiner物主限定词my,your,his

genitive noun名词属格John’s,Bob’s

demonstrative determiner 指示限定词this,that

Relative determiner 关系限定词whose,which

Interrogative determiner 疑问限定词what,whose,which

Indefinite determiner不定限定词no,some,any,every

Cardinal numeral基数词&ordinal numeral序数词

Multiplicative numeral倍数词& fractional分数词

Quantifier量词 a lot of,a great number of

6.Open class 开放词类noun,adjective,adverb,main verb

7.介于封闭与开放cardinal numbers基数词,ordinal numeral序数词;interjection 感叹词

8.Phrase词组Noun phrase(det.)限定词+ (modifier) + Noun + (modifier)

a lazy boy still asleep ;the earthquake of Richter magnitude 8

Verb phrase Simple VP: Main Verb + (modifier)

Complex VP: Auxiliary + Main Verb + (mod.)

Example: to pull one’s leg 开某人玩笑;to pull up one’s socks 鼓起勇气

Adverb phrase(modifier) + Adverb + (modifier)

Example : far away from downtown Chengdu.

Adjective phrase(modifier) + Adjective + (compliment)

Example: extremely easy; too boring to be enjoyable.

Prepositional phrase (modifier) + preposition + compliment

Example: easy for operation;powerful in function

9.Clause分句 A.independent clause独立分句/Dependent(subordinate) clause 从属分句

B.Simple clause/complex clause(有其他主谓成分)

C.Main clause 主句/subordinate clause分句

D.Finite clause/non-finite clause(以非限定动词词组作谓语动词)

10.Sentence句子 A. Full sentence/minor sentence

B.Simple sentence

https://www.360docs.net/doc/9616391207.html,pound sentence并列句example:I don’t agree with you, but

I’ll give my life to defend your right of saying it.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/9616391207.html,plex sentence复杂句example:What the teachers told us in

school is not the same as what it is in the society.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/9616391207.html,pound-complex sentence复杂并列句example:We don’t care

what your say, but what you do.

11.Noun Proper noun专用名词

Common noun普通名词

individual noun个体名词;collective noun集体名词;

material noun物质名词;abstract noun抽象名词.

12.Pronoun代词 A. Personal pronoun人称代词I,me,you

B.Possessive pronoun 物主代词his,mine,hers

C.Reflexive pronoun反身代词myself,yourself,ourselves

D.Reciprocal pronoun相互代词each other,one another

E.Demonstrative pronoun 指示代词this,that,those,these

F.Interrogative pronoun 疑问代词what,who,whose

G.Relative pronoun关系代词who (whom) / that ,which / that

H.Infinitive pronoun不定代词Numeral&Quantifier much,many,lots of

Compound pronoun anything

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B barriers to entry :进入壁垒 base year :基年 bilateral monopoly :双边垄断 benefit :收益 black market :黑市 bliss point :极乐点 boundary point :边界点 break even point :收支相抵点budget :预算 budget constraint :预算约束 budget line :预算线 budget set 预算集 C capital :资本 capital stock :资本存量 capital output ratio :资本产出比率capitalism :资本主义 cardinal utility theory :基数效用论cartel :卡特尔

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考研英语核心词汇(整理版)

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