英美概况试题-1

I. Complete the following unfinished statements by choosing one of the given items marked with A, B, C, or D. (25 points, 1 point for each)

1.On the island of Great Britain there are __C___.

(A)four political divisions – England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

(B)four political divisions – England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland

(C)three political divisions – England, Scotland and Wales

(D)three political divisions – England, Scotland and Northern Ireland

2.Which of the following is not true? C

(A)Most of Wales is mountainous.

(B)The landform of Northern Ireland is diverse.

(C)The Lake District is in northwest England.

(D)The most important area in Scotland is the Central Lowlands.

3.The Welsh are fond of ___D__.

(A) food (B) sports (C) fashion (D) music

4.Which type of climate is not true in Britain? B

(A) It is rainy. (B) It has a great range of temperature.

5.The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in British history because ____D_.

(A)it laid the foundation of the English state

(B)it laid the foundation of the English nation

(C)it laid the foundation of the English language

(D)of all the above contributions

6.Henry II was the first king of ___C__ dynasty.

(A) Windsor (B) Tudor (C) Plantagenet (D) Stuart

7.__B___ was brought to Britain by the Anglo-Saxons.

(A) Christianity (B) Teutonic religion (C) Druidism (D) Lutherism

8.On Christmas Day of ___C__, William was crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey

by the Archbishop of _____.

(A) 1065, Y ork (B) 1065, Canterbury (C) 1066, Y ork (D) 1066, Canterbury

9._B____ was not the direct cause for the Peasant Uprising of 1381 in England.

(A) A series of taxes (B) The Black Death

10.In British history James I was associated with ___D__.

(A) the Divine Right of Kings (B) the Gunpowder Plot

11.The first English parliament was set up by ___A__ 1265.

(A) Simon de Montfort (B) James I (C) Henry III (D) Charles I

12.It was ___D__ that marked the establishment of the constitutional monarchy in England.

(A) the Great Charter (B) the Chartist Movement

(C ) the Restoration (D) the Glorious Revolution

13. After ___B__ between Britain and France, Canada was ceded to Britain by the 1763 Treaty of Paris.

(A)the Six Y ears’ War

(B)the Seven Y ears’ War

(C)the Quebec War

(D)the Canadian War

14. ___A__ lies between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians.

(A) the Great Plains

(B) the Great Lakes

(D) the intermountain area

15. _D____ in northwestern Arizona is one of America’s most impressive sights.

(A) Y ellowstone National Park

(B) Glac ier National Park

(D) the Grand Canyon

16. The victory of ___A__ was the turning point of the War of Independence.

(A) Saratoga

(B) Gettysburg

(D) Y orktown

17. The English Pilgrims built a settlement named __C___ after they arrived in America in 1620.

(A) Jamestown

(B) Boston

(D) Y orktown

18. “No taxation without representation” wa s the slogan of the American people _A____.

(A) before the War of Independence

(B) after the War of Independence

(D) after the Civil War

19. The American policy towards the Soviet Union after W.W. II was __C___.

(A) cooperation

(B) Cold War

(D) impartiality

20. __A___ means that the government merely preserve order and protect property, leaving the control over economy to the business people.

(A) Laissez Faire

(B) New Freedom

(D) Fourteen Points

21. __B___ was put forth by American President Roosevelt.

(A) New Freedom

(B) New Deal

(D) Laissez Faire

22. McCarthyism refers to the anti-communist hysteria whipped up by Senator McCarthy __C___.

(A) after W.W. I

(B) during W.W. II

(D) in the early 1960s

23. During the Cuban Missile Crisis, President __B___ decided on the use of naval force to prevent military material and arms from getting into Cuba.

(A) Johnson

(B) Kennedy

(D) Reagan

24. Today the House of America is composed of __B___ members.

(A) 100

(B) 435

(D)538

25. __D___ are usually among the best research universities.

(A) Harvard and Y ale

(B) Princeton and Columbia

(D) All the above

II. Give a brief answer to the following: （25 points, 5 points for each）

26.Why was Britain known as “the factory of the world” in the mid-19th century?

27.What was the first British Parliament?

28.What do you know about the official language of Ireland?

29.What do you know about New England of the U.S.?

30.What does W ASPs stand for?

III. Explain each of the following terms in English. (32 points, 8 points for each)

31.the Great Charter

32.the Open University

33.Hispanics

34.Isolationism

IV. Write between 180-200 words on the following topic in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (18 points)

35.What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest?

英美概况试题-1 答案

Key:

1. C

2.C

3. D

4. B

5. D

6. C

7.B

8. C

9. B 10. D 11.A 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.D 16.A 17.C 18.A 19.C 20. A 21.B 22.C 23.B 24.B 25.D

II.

26. Because Britain produced and exported its manufactured goods to the world after the Industrial Revolution.

27. The first British Parliament was the one set up by Simon de Montfort in 1265. (or) The first British Parliament was the one of 1265 with representatives of the common people.

28. Ireland has two official languages: English and Irish.

29. New England is the birthplace of America, the chief center of the American War of Independence and the nation’s first industrial area.

30. W ASPs refers to the White Anglo-Saxon Protestants and their descendents.

III.

31. The Great Charter, or the Magna Carta, was a document signed in 1215 between English barons and King John. It was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the two sides. Its spirit was the limitation of the power of the king, regarded as the foundation of Englis h liberties.

32. The Open University is a non-residential university which is open to every one. It offered degree and other courses for adult students in Britain and other member countries of the EU. It is founded in 1969 and began its first courses in 1970.

33. Hispanics are the Spanish-speaking people in America, including Mexican-Americans, the Puerto Ricans, the Cuban-Americans and other Latin American immigrants. They are a large, diverse and rapidly-growing population.

34. Isolationism was the American foreign policy in the early 1930s. It meant to keep the U.S. out of the fighting that was going on in Europe and Asia.

35.

Main points:

The Norman Conquest of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in British history. William the Conqueror established the feudal system completely. Relations with the Continent was opened, and civilization and commerce were extended. Norman culture –languages, manners and architecture were introduced. The Church was brought into closer connection with Rome and the Church courts were separated from the civil counts.

英语考研英美概况模拟题

Political System 1. The British Monarchy is hereditary 2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the __17th __ century. 3. The __ Crown _ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people. 4. The oldest part of British Parliament is _ the House of Lords ___. 5. The decision making organ in British Parliament is __ the Cabinet __. 6. The life of Parliament is fixed at ___ five _ years. 7. The House of Commons consists of _651___ members who are elected from the _651____ electoral districts. 8. The titles of the lords, such as Duke, Marquis, Earl, V iscount and Baron, are __ hereditary __. 9. The quorum in the House of Commons is ___ forty _ members. 10. The _ British government _ _____ is the supreme administrative institution. 11. The __ Cabinet is the core of leadership of the British government. 12. The Privy Council was established in the 15th century when __ Henry V __ was on the throne. 13. Not until ___1937 _ could the cabinet have a legal basis. 14. The number of the cabinet members varies, being generally about ___20 __. 15. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is __ Lord Chancellor __. 16. ___ The Labour Party _ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900. 17. It is the _ Prime Minister __ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings. 18. The Shadow Cabinet is organized by the _ Opposition ___. 19. London, because of its special location, is divided into _32____ boroughs and the city of London. 20. “The Morning Star” is the official paper of the ___ Communist Party __. 21. The following persons except ___ criminals _ have no right to vote. 22. In England and Wales, the jury consists of ___ twelve _ people in criminal and civil cases. 23. Legally any citizen aged from ___18__ to __65___ who has never been sent to prison can be a member of the jury. 24. The head of the police force of a county, etc. is called _ Chief Constable __. 25. A __ barrister ___ appointed to act for the State is called Queen’s Counsel. 26. Now the House of Lords can prevent a bill from passing into a law for __ one year _. 27. The High Court of Justice includes the following divisions except _ the Criminal Division _. 28. During the Civil War, the supporters of the King and the Church were known as _ Loyalists _. I. Fill in the Blanks 1. The present sovereign is __ Queen Elizabeth II ___ _____. 2. Elizabeth II came to the throne on Feb. 6th, _ 1952 3. The vital power lies in the ___ Prime Minister __ _____, and his/her cabinet. 4. The __ Crown ___ is the only legal and constitutional link binding the members of the Commonwealth to the home country and to one another. 5. The British Parliament consists of three elements – the _ Crown ____, the House of __ Lords ___, and the House of _ Commons ____. 6. The British legislature is _ Parliament ____.

英美概况试卷

学院专业班级学号姓名教室号座位号 . ———— 装 —————订 — ————线——————外——————不——————要——————答 — ———— 题 — ——— ( 第 1 页，共6 页 ) 页 ) ( 第 2 页，共 6 页 ) 湖南涉外经济学院2016-2017学年度第一学期期末课程《英语国家概况》考察试卷专业年级： 2014级商英本科考核方式：闭卷考试时量：90分钟试卷类型：题号一合计复核人应得分 100 实得分得分评卷人复核人 I.You are required to interpret the following terms.（10X5′） One Standard English Two Magna Carta Three The Reformation Four The Seperation of Three Powers Five Thatcherism Six Critical Realism Eight Thanksgiving Day Nine the Lost Generation Ten Industial Revolution II You are required to answer the following questions.(5X10) 1. How does the english language develops into a universal lingua franca? 2. What is the British Empire? 3. What do we know about the Renaissance? 4. Why is American regarded as a “nation of immigrants ”? 5. What is your understanding of “checks and balance ”?

张奎武《英美概况》笔记及习题(工业革命、美国独立战争和法国革命)【圣才出品】

第7章工业革命、美国独立战争和法国革命 7.1 复习笔记 I. The American Revolution II. The French Revolution III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution IV. The Industrial Revolution and Its Consequences 1. The Industrial Revolution 2. Its Consequences I. The American Revolution (美国独立战争) 1. The Navigation Acts (passed in 1651) were intended to increase the prosperity of English merchants and ship builders. 1651年通过了《航海条例》，有利于英国商人和轮船制造者的发展。 2. The process (过程) ①The war broke out in April 1775. ②In October, 1777, the American army won a great battle at Saratoga, which was a turning point. ③By the Treaty of Paris in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the United States.

①战争开始于1775年4月。 ②1777年10月，美国军队取得萨拉托加大捷，这是美国独立战争的转折点。 ③1783年《巴黎和约》，英国承认了美国的独立。 II. The French Revolution (法国革命) 1. The French Revolution broke out in 1789 and Thomas Paine published “The Rights of Man”. 2. In 1793 Britain became the chief leader of a military alliance with Austria and Prussia against revolutionary France. 3. The allies met at the Congress of Vienna and fought for the spoils of victory. England obtained Ceylon, the-Cape of Good Hope, and a number of Spanish, Dutch and French colonies. 1. 1789年，法国革命爆发，潘恩发表《人权宣言》。 2. 1793年，英国联合澳大利亚和普鲁士，反对法国革命。 3. 盟国在维也纳分赃会议上瓜分胜利品。英国得到锡兰，好望角，以及西班牙，荷兰和法国的殖民地。 III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution (工业革命的必要条件) 1. The conditions for the Industrial Revolution : ①the accumulation of capital; ②the development of capitalist farming and the appearance of a labor reserve; ③the expansion of markets, domestic and foreign. 2. Britain’s population grew fast in this period and the people were skilled in

英美概况期末试题

I.Explain the following terms: 1.the British Isles 2.Poets’ Corner 3.EU 4.the Conservative Party 5.the Seven Year’s War 6.WASPs 7.“roaring 20s” 8.melting pot 9.British Empire 10.system of US politic I.Translate the following into Chinese: 1.Westminster Abby 2.the Church of England https://www.360docs.net/doc/9714801047.html,monwealth 4.Mr. Speaker 5.Judicial System 6.the Great Charter 7.the House of Plantagenet 8.Puritans 9.monopoly capitalism 10.the first Pan-American Conferencce II.Multi-choices: 1.The longest river in Britain is the _____ River. (Severn, Thames, Mersey, Humber) 2.The leading anthracite coalfields in Britain are in__ (Scotland, England, Wales, ) 3.The English people are descendants of____ (Celts, Roman, Anglo-Saxons) 4.The established church of Britain is___ (the Church of England, Free churches, ) 5.Easter is kept, commemorating the __ (coming, birth, death, resurrection) of Jesus Christ. 6.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of___. (the Queen, the Prime Minister, the House of Commons, the House of Lords) 7.All the government ministers of Britain must be members of_____. (the House of Lords, the House of Common, the Privy Council, Parliament) 8.___ is the largest state of the US in area.(Hawii, Texas, Alaska, Pennsylvania) 9.The dominant ethnic group in the US today is_____. (the black people, WASPs, Asian Americans, Hispanics) 10.People in the US have kept moving westward for reasons except___. (religious freedom, fertile soil in the West, good climate in the west, discovery gold) 11.The Constitution of the United State was framed in ___in 1787. (Washington, Boston, New York, Philadelphia) 12.The President of the US exercises the ____ power. (legislative, executive, judicial, veto) 13.Congress can veto the President’s veto by a ___ vote of the full membership of Both houses.(two-fifths, two-thirds, three-fourths, three-fifths) 14.The Constitution of US says that only___ can declare war upon other nation.

专四英美概况模拟试题

4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .在美国20世纪20年代，被描述为一个物质和精神沮丧的成功 7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”，we are referring to . 当我们说“水”或“老人河之父”，我们指的是密西西比河

8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from . 凯尔特人是不同群体的古代人来自德国 13. The ， the backbone of the North American continent， is also known as the Continental Divide.落基山脉，北美大陆的脊梁，也被称为大陆分水岭。

14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty，the British government allowed the company to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people. 为了帮助不列颠东印度公司摆脱困境，英国政府允许公司以较低的价格向殖民地通过自己的人卖茶 21. The first Puritans came to America were on the ship_______. A. Codpeed B. Susan Constant C. May Flower 五月花 D. Discovery

英美概况考试试题集

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英美概况美国部分整理

America The Founding of Colonies殖民地的建立 First Inhabitants：American Indians Discovery of the New World： 1492 Christopher Columbus →the discoverer of America (Italian)Spanish Queen’ s support 1501-2 Amerigo Vespucci →the new land was name after him as America. reached the mouth of Amazon River America—the New World Europe—the Old World 13 colonies： New England Colonies: Mid Atlantic Colonies: Southern Colonies: Massachusetts →（2nd colony，1620）New York Maryland New Hampshire Pennsylvania Virginia →（1st colony，1607）Rhode Island Delaware North Carolina Connecticut South Carolina Georgia →（the last colony，1733）New England Region（6个）: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine and Vermont 建立原因： Virginia, 1607 Virginia Company For foreign expansion as a way of easing religious dispute and economic distress in England 105 men (no women) Jamestown in honor of the king Massachusetts In 1620 102 Puritans (“Pilgrim Fathers”), in Mayflower, from Plymouth in England to America First in Plymouth (today’s Massachusetts); and then Boston Seek religious freedom Mayflower Compact <五月花号公约>：self-government Hardships when arrived the help of the Indians Thanksgiving Day to thank the Indians and the God for protection The next three colonies Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire Reasons: 1. religious disputes and struggles in Massachusetts intensified 2. more immigrants

英美概况期末考试名词解释整理

The industrial revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The industrial revolution A period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, production, and transportation had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions in Britain. The Industrial Revolution, was a period of unprecedented technological, economic and social change that completely transformed British culture from a largely rural, static society with limited production and division of labour into the world's first modern industrial society. the Black Death It was the deadly bubonic plague who spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept through England without warning and any cure, and sparing no victims. It killed between half and one-third of the population of England. Thus, much land was left untended and labor was short. It caused far-reaching economic consequences. The Black Death----It was one of the deadliest pandemics in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350. It is widely thought to have been an outbreak of bubonic plague caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestisis and have started in Central Asia. It came without warning, and without any cue.The Black Death is estimated to have killed30% to 60% of Europe's population and had profound effects on the course of European history. In England, it killed almost half of the total population, causing far-reaching economic consequences. the Progressive Movement The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the economy and social conditions. It spread quickly with the support of large numbers of people across the country. It was not an organized campaign with clearly defined goals.(Rather, it was a number of diverse efforts at political, social, and economic reforms. In spite of limitations of the movement, it brought about changes and improvement in many fields.) Roman Britain was the part of the island of Great Britain controlled by the Roman Empire between AD 43 and about 410. Britannia already had cultural and economic links with Continental Europe, but the invaders introduced new developments in agriculture, urbanisation, industry and architecture, leaving a legacy that is still apparent today. The first Romans to campaign extensively in Britain were

英美文化概况试题5

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英美概况模拟试题

《英语国家社会与文化入门》模拟试题及参考答案 Part one Fill in the blanks ( 10 points ) 1.The full name of the United Kingdom is . 2.The Good Friday Agreement, known also as , emerged on 10 April 1998. 3., the ancestor of the present queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829. 4.written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often studied by middle school and college students today. 5.The Bonfire Night, which is celebrated in November, sometimes is also called . 6.Columbus discovered the New World in the year of . 7.The Three Faiths in the US refer to Protestant, and Jewish. 8.In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel titled , which intensified the political debate on slavery. 9.1968 was known in US history as a violent and tragic year in which the great leader of The Civil Rights Movement: was assassinated. 10.The Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the River. Part two Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points ) 1.Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called . a. Progressivism b. laissez faire c. New Freedom d. New Deal 2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December, 1941. a. Great Depression b. Pearl Harbor incident c. the Japanese attack on China d. the German attack on Poland 3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as . a. Lord Protector b. Lieutenant General c. Commander of the New Model Army d. President 4. Ireland is in the of Great Britain. a. east b. south c. west d. north 5. WASPs referred to . a. the mainstream Americans b. Hispanics c. Asian-Americans d. Blacks 6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution formally ended . a. the immigration movement b. the Civil War

英国部分英美概况汇总题库

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