高考英语语法考点专题-直接引语变间接引语及其注意事项
直接引语变间接引语
（一）人称的转变
1.直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如：
He said，“I am very sorry. ”
He said that he was very sorry.
2.直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如：
“You should be more careful next time, ” my father told me.
My father told me that I should be more
careful the next time.
3.直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如：
She said to her son, “I'll check your homework tonight. ”
She said to her son that she would check
his homework that night.
4.人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：
He asked me, “Will you go to the station
with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?”
He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.
总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。
(二)时态的转换
直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句(即间接引语部分)的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态(实际也是宾语从句的时态要求)，变化如下：
一般现在时一般过去时
现在进行时过去进行时
现在完成时过去完成时
一般将来时过去将来时
一般过去时过去完成时
过去完成时不变
过去进行时不变
如：
1.“I am very glad to visit your school”, she said.
She said she was very glad to visit our
school.
2.Tom said, “We are listening to the pop
music. ”
Tom said that they were listening to the pop music.
3.Mother asked, “Have you finished your
homework before you watch TV?”
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.
4.He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get
off to change to a No. 3 bus?”
He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus.
5.“Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked.
The teacher asked why she had refused to
go there.
6.Mother asked me, “Had you finished your
homework before you watched TV?”
Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.
7.Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday. ”
Tom said that they were having a football
match that time the day before.
8.He said，“I haven't heard from my parents these days. ”
He said that he hadn't heard from his parents those days.
(三)时间状语、地点状语的变化
1.直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，主句尽管是过去时态，变成间接引语时，时态仍然用一般现在时态。例如：
They told their son, “The earth goes round the sun.”→They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
2.直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化。如：
直接引语间接引语
this that
these those
now then
today that day
yesterday the day before
last year the year before
last week(month) the week(month)before
ago before
next year the year before
here there
come go
tomorrow the next(following)day
two days ago two days before
bring take
the day before yesterday two days before
等。例如：
1.He sai d, “I haven’t seen them today.”
He said that he hadn’t seen them that day.
2.She said, “I won't go there any more.”
She said she wouldn't come here any more.
3.He said, “This will be finished tomorrow.”
He said that would be finished the next day.
直接引语间接引语语法教案
Teaching plan Unit 2 English around the world (Direct speech and indirect speechⅡ) Ⅰ. Teaching aims ⒈Get students to master the usages of Commands and Requests and review direct speech and indirect speech. Command: ⑴Do that now! ⑵Open the door. Request: ⑴Would you please… ? ⑵Please… ⒉Get students to practice Commands and Requests by role-playing. ⒊Get students to summarize the grammatical rules and encourage students to apply the rules into practice. Ⅱ. Key points of this period ⒈Train students’ speaking skills. ⒉Master the grammatical rules. Ⅲ. Difficult points of this period ⒈Get every student involved in the learning activities. ⒉Get every student to be active in class. Ⅳ. Teaching methods ⒈Situational Approach and Communicatinal Approach. ⒉Elicitation-Inquiry. Ⅴ. Teaching aids Blackboard, chalk, pictures, etc. Ⅵ. Teaching procedures Step 1 Lead in ⒈Review Direct speech(直接引语) : 一字不改地将别人的话放在引号内； Indirect speech (间接引语) : 用自己的话对别人的话进行转述，不用引号； ⑴陈述句: ①人称的变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。 ②时态的变化： a. 如果主句的谓语是现在时或是将来时，间接引语时态不变。 b. 如果主句的谓语是一般过去时，间接引语的谓语的时态按下列规律变化：
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