最新中考英语定语从句专项训练及答案
最新中考英语定语从句专项训练及答案
一、定语从句
1． The dog _______ played with you just now is _______.
A．which; mine B．which; my
C．what; mine D．what; my
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：刚才和你一起玩的那条狗是我的。
Which哪一个；what什么；mine名词性物主代词，我的；my形容词性物主代词，我的。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语；名词性物主代词则不能用作定语，但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。先行词dog在定语从句中作主语可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。
2．The last place _______ we visited was Chaoshan Custom Museum.
A．where B．that C．when D．why
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：我们参观的最后一个地方是潮汕风俗博物馆。根据句子结构可知，这里考查的是定语从句，where关系副词，指地点；that关系代词，先行词为物；when关系副词，指时间；why关系副词，指原因。定语从句中visited后缺少宾语，故应填关系代词，选B。
3．-----Do you know the man ________ is reading the book over there?
--------- Yes, he is Mr. Green, our P.E. teacher.
A．which B．what C．whom D．who
【答案】D
【解析】
who代指the man引导定语从句。整句理解：你认识那边读书的那个男士吗？是的。他是我们的体育老师，Mr Green.所以选D.
4．Success will belong to those never say “impossible” .
A．whom B．what C．who D．Which
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：成功属于那些永远不说不可能的人。此处考的是定语从句，先行词是those那些人，而且关系代词在句中做主语，所以用who，选C；whom可指代人，但做宾语；which只能指物，故选C。
考点：考查定语从句。
5．I will never forget the fire ______________ happened in Shanghai last year.
A．when B．where
C．what D．which
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考点：考查定语从句。
【详解】
试题分析：句意：我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物，故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句；when先行词是时间；where先行词是地点；根据题意，故选D。
6． -- In a text message, 88 means Bye-bye.
-- And another example is F2F______ stands for face to face.
A．that B．who C．whom D．it
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：在短信中，88的意思是再见。——在另一个例子是F2F表示面对面.结合语境可知下文先行词F2F做下文定语从句的逻辑主语，指物，故引导词用that，选A。
考点：考查定语从句
7．—Which song do you like better, Maria?
—I prefer the song Manual of Youth ________ is sung by TFBOYS.
A．which B．who C．whom D．where
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：﹣﹣Maria，你比较喜欢哪首歌？﹣﹣我比较喜欢由 TFBOYS演唱的《青春修炼手册》．
首先分析句子结构，本句中的is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句，其中先行词the song Manual of Youth指物，且在定语从句中做逻辑主语，所以关系代词用that/which，故选A。
考点：考查定语从句的用法。
8．The book ___ I read last night was fantastic.
A．that B．what C．whose D．who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. whose先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语；D. who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词book指物，用that来引导，故答案为A。
【点睛】
在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1） who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
3） which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。4）关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
9．I’ll never forget the story ________.
A．that cheers me up B．who cheers me up C．what cheers me up
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：我将永远不会忘记那个使我振作起来的故事。that cheers me up使我振作起来；who cheers me up使我振作起来的人；what cheers me up使我振作起来的…。根据句子结构可知，该空应该是一个定语从句，修饰空前的名词the story，指物，故B不对，who引导的定语从句，先行词应该是人；C选项中what不能引导定语从句，也不对。故应选A。
10．-Have you got ready for the soccer game？
-Yes，I've done everything ___________ I can to win the game.
A．who B．that C．which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你准备好参加足球比赛了吗？——是的，我已经尽我所能来赢得比赛。本题考查定语从句的连接词，who的先行词是人，that的先行词是人或物，which的先行词是物。当先行词是不定代词时，只能用that，不能用which，故答案为B。
【点睛】
引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who（指人）。指人时可用that或who，指物时可用that或which，但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种：
当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如：
Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?
All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。
当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如：
That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。
The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。
当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如：
My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。
当王句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that，不用which或who。以避免重复。例如：
Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat？正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？
）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that不用which。例如：
The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。
11．The book ______was written by him is very interesting.
A．who B．whom C．which D．/
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：他写的那本书很有趣。
考查关系代词。A. who代指人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；B. whom代指人，在定语从句中做宾语；C. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；D. /为不填。首先分析句子结构，可知本句为定语从句，先行词the book为物，而且从句中缺主语，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which；故答案选C。
12．Wang Yangming is a great educationalist developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A．which B．what C．who
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家，他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。
A. which关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是物；
B. what不能引导定语从句；
C. who关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是人，根据 educationalis指人，所以用who，故选C。
13．My mother doesn't like stories _____have sad endings.
A．that B．who C．where D．those
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：我妈妈不喜欢有悲伤的结局的故事。
根据句子结构可知这里考查定语从句的引导词，先排除D；先行词是stories，指物，排除B；且定语从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词，排除C，故选：A。
14．Music is the only thing ______ can help me to relax after a long day of hard work. A．which B．that C．who
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：音乐是可以在努力工作的一天后，帮助我放松的唯一一件事。which修饰事物，引导定语从句；that修饰事物，引导定语从句；who修饰人，引导定语从句。此处修饰先行词thing，有the only修饰，故用that引导定语从句。故选B。
15．—Which song do you like better, Lucy?
—I prefer the song Little Apple________ can attract many people.
A．which B．who C．whom D．where
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：本题考查定语从句中的关系代词。先行词是the song Little Apple, 指物，且关系代词在定语从句中作主语，故which符合题意。
16．（题文）—Do you know about Yuan Longping?
—Only a little. But Chinese people are proud of the man ______ hybrid rice
is famous.
A．who B．which C．that D．whose
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意为：---你了解袁隆平吗？---一点点。但是中国人以这位他的杂交水稻闻名于世的人感到自豪。根据语境可知，这里包含一个定语从句，从句的引导词根据先行词而
定。who ：指人，which：指物， that：可指人或物，whose：指物主。根据语境可知，这里指物主，故应选D。
考点：考查定语从句。
17．The cat _______ played with you just now is _______.
A． which; I B． what; me C． that; mine D． who; my
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：刚才和你玩的猫是我的。The cat后跟的是定语从句，先行词the cat指事物，关系词用that或which；后空意思是“我的”，未修饰名词，用名词性的物主代词：mine。故选C。
考点：考查定语从句及代词的用法。
18．— What do you think of Disney Park in Hong Kong?
— Oh， I think it the best park I have ever visited in China.
A．which B．that C．where D．When
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意为：---你觉得香港的迪斯尼公园怎么样？---噢，我觉得这是我在中国参观过的最好的公园。根据语境可知，这里考查的是定语从句的引导词。通常，定语从句的引导词由先行词而定。但是当先行词由序数词或最高级形容词修饰时，引导词常用that。结合选项可知应选B。
考点：考查定语从句的引导词。
19．—Why don't you like fishing?
—Fishing is a hobby____needs much patience,but I'm not patient at all.
A．that B．who C．whom D．Where
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意:——你为什么不喜欢钓鱼？——钓鱼是一项需要许多耐心的爱好，但是我一点耐心都没有。本题考查定语从句。先行词 hobby （爱好）指事物，关系代词应用that 或which.故选A项。
考点：考查定语从句的用法
20．I hate people talk much but do little.
A．whose B．whom C．who
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我讨厌那些说的多却做的少的人。句中所缺的是定语从句的关系词，先
行词是people，指人，而且关系词在从句中做主语，故选C。whose既指人也指物，在从句中做定语；whom指人，在从句中做宾语；which指物，可做主语和宾语。
考点：考查定语从句
21．When Robinson got to the island，the first thing _________he did was to look for some food．
A．who B．which C．that D．What
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：当鲁滨逊?克鲁索到达岛上时，他做的第一件事就是寻找一些食物。本题考查定语从句。先行词指物且被序数词first修饰，故只能选用关系词that。因此C项正确。
考点：考查定语从句。
22．– What kind of musicians do you like?
– I like musicians can write their own lyrics.
A． which B． who C． whom
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：--你喜欢哪类音乐人？—我喜欢那种能自己写词的音乐人。指人，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导定语从句，故选B。
考点：考查代词的用法。
23．The young lady _________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.
A．what B．whose C．who D．which
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：昨天我们见到的那位年轻的女士是我们的新数学老师。这里是定语从句，先行词是The young lady，这里关系词用who，在定语从句中做宾语，根据题意，故选C。
24．--Why are you so worried?
--I’ve lost the watch ___ my uncle bought me yesterday.
A．whom B．who C．whose D．which
【答案】D
【解析】
句意：——你为什么这么担心？——昨天我把叔叔给我买的手表丢了。此句考查定语从句的关联词，先行词watch指物，关联词要用that/which，故答案为D。
点睛：关系代词引导的定语从句。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose
who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr. Liu is the person （whom） you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
This is the pen （which） he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。
25．The rich man is very kind and helpful to the people _________ have difficulties.
A．which B．whom C．who D．what
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：那个富人对有困难的人非常善良，而且爱帮助。which引导定语从句修饰事，作主语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语或表语；who引导定语从句修饰人，作主语或宾语；what引导名词性从句，作主语，宾语或表语。此处先行词people，表示人，后面的定语从句中缺少主语，故用who引导。故选C。
26． I saw the dog along with a girl ______was the only guide dog in our city.
A．who B．which C．whom D．What
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我看见这个女孩和我们城市的唯一的一条导盲犬在一起。A.who谁；B. which 哪一个；C. Whom谁；D. What什么。本题考查定语从句的用法，由于先行词物。结合句意，故选B
考点：考查定语从句。
27．Is this factory _______ you visited the other day?
A．in which B．which C．where D．the one
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：这个工厂是你前几天参观的那个工厂吗？我们可以先把这个句子变成陈述句：This
Factory is _______ you visited the other day.很显然这是考查定语从句，题干中缺少先行词the factory我
们可用the one代替。故选D。
考点：考查定语从句。
28．—Tom, could you lend me the book ________ you talked about yesterday?
—Sure, here you are.
A．which B．what C．who
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：- 汤姆，你能借给我你昨天谈到的那本书吗？-当然了，给你。A.哪个B.什么C.谁，本题考查定语从句的关系代词，you talked about yesterday 部分使用来修饰“book”的，描述这本书是“你昨天谈到的”那本书，所以是book的定语从句，先行词book在定语从句中做宾语（做talk about的宾语），故选用关系代词that/which，故选A。
29．The photos successfully show the rich culture ______makes Shiyan so famous.
A．what B．which C．who D．why
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：这些照片成功地展示了使十堰非常出名的丰富文化氛围。A. what不能作为定语从句的连接词；B. which先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；C. who先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语；D. why引导定语从句时，在句中作原因状语。本句先行词是culture，指物，引导定语从句的关联词只能用which，故答案为B。
【点睛】
在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1） who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
3） which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
30．A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．whom B．whose C．who D．which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语，且指人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who；结合句意和选项可知选C。
【点睛】
在定语从句中，当先行词是人时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或who，引导词在定语从句中做宾语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或whom，引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词whom。例如，（1） The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister. （2）The person that/w hom you talked to just now is Tom’s father.=The person to whom you talked just now is Tom’s father.
在定语从句中，当先行词是物时，引导词在定语从句中做主语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或which，引导词在定语从句中做宾语时，引导定语从句的先行词用that或which，引导词前面有介词时，必须用介词which。例如，He was reading a book which/that was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。
在定语从句中，当先行词和后面的名词是所属关系时，用whose引导此定语从句。例如，They lives in a room whose window opens to the south. 他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。
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