土木工程英文翻译模板
本科生毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译
外文出处 1.土木工程专业英语
2．Advances in Structural Engineering 姓名粟扬
学号406112010324
学院勘查技术与工程学院
专业土木工程
指导教师雷霆
2016年5月5日
Building Types and Design
In recent years,along with the city construction of high-speed growth,underground space won the further development and utilization,along with the emergence of some new underground construction situation,rare a subway station,underground shopping malls,underground parking garage,underground plain near anti fortifications and a variety of plain near,industrial facilities and so on.The complexity of engineering geological conditions and the depth of foundation pit, but also for the foundation pit engineering,the growth of the response to the results.Under the complicated engineering geological condition,the supporting structure with multiple foundation pit support forms.This paper takes Chengdu will be a deep foundation pit for example,ANSYS is a large general-purpose finite element software for computing platform,combined with the application of deep foundation pit"row piles+prestressed anchor rope design plan,establish a simplified three-dimensional infinite element model.The simplified model of soil take the fantasy plastic moulds,row piles take beam units,and weakening of the row at the top of a pile cap beam, pile shotcrete net structure to stop responding;prestressed anchor cable take link units,through the cooling process of prestressed cable,application ANSYS own"Birth&Death effect imitating static of foundation pit excavation and support process.And the field monitoring data and numerical simulation results to a deeper analysis,draw a reasonable conclusion,for similar engineering examples to mention the general practical advice.The important research content of this paper includes the numerical simulation of the static construction process of deep foundation pit. Research methods is the application of infinite element of foundation pit support plan numerical imitation research and numerical simulating result analysis,obtained in the deep foundation pit in the static deformation in the process of retaining pile for foundation pit excavation,excavation of the surrounding soil settlement and pile stress characteristics.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the process,the following conclusions are drawn:the maximum deformation of the pile is generated at the top of the pile,and the maximum settlement of the soil around the foundation pit is generated at the9m of the foundation pit.Supporting the top of the pile,can be useful to master the deformation of the supporting structure of the foundation pit.Through the process of excavation of foundation pit excavation of the foundation pit33.The influence of5m subway line is:the foundation pit excavation of subway line does not affect.Because the foundation pit around the construction of the foundation pit supporting piles are more than30m, the foundation of the building are done in response to the reinforcement of the disposal,it can be thought that the excavation of the surrounding buildings will not affect the formation of.In order to guarantee the safe and orderly construction process should be stopped from excavation, excavation and supporting sequential stop.
近年来,随着城市建设的高速发展,地下空间获得了进一步的开发和利用,以及一些新的地下建筑的出现情况,罕见的地铁站,地下商场、地下停车场、地下平原附近反防御工事和各种平原附近,工业设施等等。工程地质条件的复杂性,基坑的深度,而且对基坑工程的生长响应结果。在复杂的工程地质条件下,与多个基坑支护结构形式的支持。本文以成都将成为深基坑为例,ANSYS是一个大型通用有限元软件计算平台,结合深基坑中的应用”排桩+预应力锚索设计方案,建立了简化的三维无限元模型。简化模型的土壤以幻想塑料模具、排桩梁单元,和削弱的顶部的排桩帽梁,喷射混凝土桩网结构停止回应;预应力锚索联系单位,通过预应力电
缆的冷却过程,应用ANSYS的“出生和死亡效应模拟基坑开挖和支持过程的静态。和现场监测数据和数值模拟结果更深入分析,得出合理的结论,为类似工程实例更一般的实用的建议。本文的重要研究内容包括静态的数值模拟深基坑的施工过程。研究方法是应用程序无限元的基坑支持计划的数值模拟研究和数值模拟结果分析,获得了在深基坑支护桩的静态变形过程中基坑开挖,开挖周围土壤沉降和桩的应力特征。基于过程的综合分析,也得出以下结论:生成的最大变形桩的顶部,和基坑周围的土壤的最大沉降生成9米的基坑。支持桩的顶部,可以掌握基坑的支护结构的变形。通过开挖的基坑开挖过程中基坑33。5米的影响地铁:地铁基坑开挖的不影响。因为周围的基坑施工的基坑支护桩超过30米,建造完成的基础的加固处理,它可以认为开挖周围的建筑物不会影响形成的。为了保证安全有序的施工过程应该停止开挖,开挖与支护顺序停止。
英文版出生证明范例
Translation出生證明英文譯文範例 CERTIFICATE OF BIRTH File Series No. Relationship Father Mother Name : Date of Birth : Native Place : Address of Household Registration: Occupation : Location of Job : Job Description and Title : Infant's Sex : Number of live births to this mother(included this one) : Duration of Pregnancy(No.of weeks) : Weight at birth : Single or multiple births : Date of Birth : Address&Place of Birth : Delivered by : Hospital/Clinic/Midwifery/Home
others Physician/Midwife/others Special symptom of birthgiving mother&infant before&after childbirth seen in medical diagnose This is to certify that the above-mentioned facts are true and correct Name of Physician :
Physician License No. : Name of Hospital : Medical Practice License No.: Address : Dated.
土木工程专业英语翻译
a common way to construct steel truss and prestressed concrete cantilever spans is to counterbalance each cantilever arm with another cantilever arm projecting the opposite direction,forming a balanced cantilever. they attach to a solid foundation ,the counterbalancing arms are called anchor arms /thus,in a bridge built on two foundation piers,there are four cantilever arms ,two which span the obstacle,and two anchor arms which extend away from the obstacle,because of the need for more strength at the balanced cantilever's supports ,the bridge superstructure often takes the form of towers above the foundation piers .the commodore barry bridge is an example of this type of cantilever bridge 一种常见的方法构造钢桁架和预应力混凝土悬臂跨度是每一个悬臂抗衡预测相反的方向臂悬臂，形成一个平衡的悬臂。他们重视了坚实的基础，制约武器被称为锚武器/因此，在两个基础上建一座桥桥墩，有四个悬臂式武器，这两者之间跨越的障碍，和两个锚武器哪个延长距离的障碍，因为为更多的在平衡悬臂的支持力量的需要，桥梁上部结构往往表现为塔墩基础之上形成的准将巴里大桥是这种类型的例子悬臂桥 steel truss cantilever support loads by tension of the upper members and compression of the lower ones .commonly ,the structure distributes teh tension via teh anchor arms to the outermost supports ,while the compression is carried to the foundation beneath teh central towers .many truss cantilever bridges use pinned joints and are therefore statically determinate with no members carrying mixed loads 钢桁架悬臂由上层成员和下层的紧张压缩支持负载。通常，结构分布通过锚武器的最外层的支持紧张，而压缩抬到下方的中央塔的基础。桁架悬臂许多桥梁使用固定的关节，是静定，没有携带混合负载的成员，因此 prestressed concrete balanced cantilever bridges are often built using segmental construction .some steel arch bridges are built using pure cantilever spans from each sides,with neither falsework below nor temporary supporting towers and cables above ,these are then joined with a pin,usually after forcing the union point apart ,and when jacks are removed and the bridge decking is added the bridge becomes a truss arch bridge .such unsupported construction is only possible where appropriate rock is available to support the tension in teh upper chord of the span during construction ,usually limiting this method to the spanning of narrow canyons 预应力混凝土平衡悬臂桥梁往往建立使用段施工。一些钢拱桥是使用各方面的纯悬臂跨度既无假工作下面也临时支撑塔和电缆上面，这些都是再加入了一根针，通常在迫使工会点外，当插孔删除，并添加桥梁甲板桥成为桁架拱桥，这种不支持的建设，才可能在适当情况下的岩石可用于支持在施工期间的跨度弦上的张力，通常限制这狭隘的峡谷跨越方法 an arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch .arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side .a viaduct may be made from a series of arches ,although other more economical structures are typically used today 在拱桥桥台的桥梁，是一个在一个弧形拱状，每年年底。拱桥通过转移到由部分在两边的桥台水平推
05 英文翻译模板 供参考
毕业设计（论文） 外文翻译 题目一种配电网小电流故障 选线新方法 专业电气工程及其自动化 班级 学生 指导教师 年
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Civil Engineering Civil engineering, the oldest of the engineering specialties, is the planning, design, construction, and management of the built environment. This environment includes all structures built according to scientific principles, from irrigation and drainage systems to rocket-launching facilities. 土木工程学作为最老的工程技术学科，是指规划，设计，施工及对建筑环境的管理。此处的环境包括建筑符合科学规范的所有结构，从灌溉和排水系统到火箭发射设施。 Civil engineers build roads, bridges, tunnels, dams, harbors, power plants, water and sewage systems, hospitals, schools, mass transit, and other public facilities essential to modern society and large population concentrations. They also build privately owned facilities such as airports, railroads, pipelines, skyscrapers, and other large structures designed for industrial, commercial, or residential use. In addition, civil engineers plan, design, and build complete cities and towns, and more recently have been planning and designing space platforms to house self-contained communities. 土木工程师建造道路，桥梁，管道，大坝，海港，发电厂，给排水系统，医院，学校，公共交通和其他现代社会和大量人口集中地区的基础公共设施。他们也建造私有设施，比如飞机场，铁路，管线，摩天大楼，以及其他设计用作工业，商业和住宅途径的大型结构。此外，土木工程师还规划设计及建造完整的城市和乡镇，并且最近一直在规划设计容纳设施齐全的社区的空间平台。 The word civil derives from the Latin for citizen. In 1782, Englishman John Smeaton used the term to differentiate his nonmilitary engineering work from that of the military engineers who predominated at the time. Since then, the term civil engineering has often been used to refer to engineers who build public facilities, although the field is much broader 土木一词来源于拉丁文词“公民”。在1782年，英国人John Smeaton为了把他的非军事工程工作区别于当时占优势地位的军事工程师的工作而采用的名词。自从那时起，土木工程学被用于提及从事公共设施建设的工程师，尽管其包含的领域更为广阔。 Scope. Because it is so broad, civil engineering is subdivided into a number of technical specialties. Depending on the type of project, the skills of many kinds of civil engineer specialists may be needed. When a project begins, the site is surveyed and mapped by civil engineers who locate utility placement—water, sewer, and power lines. Geotechnical specialists perform soil experiments to determine if the earth can bear the weight of the project. Environmental specialists study the project’s impact on the local area: the potential for air and
土木工程专业英语翻译(武汉理工大学出版社段兵廷主编)完整版
第一课土木工程学 土木工程学作为最老的工程技术学科，是指规划，设计，施工及对建筑环境的管理。此处的环境包括建筑符合科学规范的所有结构，从灌溉和排水系统到火箭发射设施。 土木工程师建造道路，桥梁，管道，大坝，海港，发电厂，给排水系统，医院，学校，公共交通和其他现代社会和大量人口集中地区的基础公共设施。他们也建造私有设施，比如飞机场，铁路，管线，摩天大楼，以及其他设计用作工业，商业和住宅途径的大型结构。此外，土木工程师还规划设计及建造完整的城市和乡镇，并且最近一直在规划设计容纳设施齐全的社区的空间平台。 土木一词来源于拉丁文词“公民”。在1782年，英国人John Smeaton为了把他的非军事工程工作区别于当时占优势地位的军事工程师的工作而采用的名词。自从那时起，土木工程学被用于提及从事公共设施建设的工程师，尽管其包含的领域更为广阔。 领域。因为包含范围太广，土木工程学又被细分为大量的技术专业。不同类型的工程需要多种不同土木工程专业技术。一个项目开始的时候，土木工程师要对场地进行测绘，定位有用的布置，如地下水水位，下水道，和电力线。岩土工程专家则进行土力学试验以确定土壤能否承受工程荷载。环境工程专家研究工程对当地的影响，包括对空气和地下水的可能污染，对当地动植物生活的影响，以及如何让工程设计满足政府针对环境保护的需要。交通工程专家确定必需的不同种类设施以减轻由整个工程造成的对当地公路和其他交通网络的负担。同时，结构工程专家利用初步数据对工程作详细规划，设计和说明。从项目开始到结束，对这些土木工程专家的工作进行监督和调配的则是施工管理专家。根据其他专家所提供的信息，施工管理专家计算材料和人工的数量和花费，所有工作的进度表，订购工作所需要的材料和设备，雇佣承包商和分包商，还要做些额外的监督工作以确保工程能按时按质完成。 贯穿任何给定项目，土木工程师都需要大量使用计算机。计算机用于设计工程中使用的多数元件（即计算机辅助设计，或者CAD）并对其进行管理。计算机成为了现代土木工程师的必备品，因为它使得工程师能有效地掌控所需的大量数据从而确定建造一项工程的最佳方法。 结构工程学。在这一专业领域，土木工程师规划设计各种类型的结构，包括桥梁，大坝，发电厂，设备支撑，海面上的特殊结构，美国太空计划，发射塔，庞大的天文和无线电望远镜，以及许多其他种类的项目。结构工程师应用计算机确定一个结构必须承受的力：自重，风荷载和飓风荷载，建筑材料温度变化引起的胀缩，以及地震荷载。他
土木工程英文翻译
外文文献及译文 文献、资料题目：PROTECTION AGAINST HAZARDS 院（部）：建筑工程学院 专业：土木工程 班级：土木081 姓名：孙继佳 学号：200811003192 指导教师：樊江 翻译日期：2012.5.4
3.1 PROTECTION AGAINST WA TER Whether thrust against and into a building by a flood, driven into the interior by a heavy rain, leaking from plumbing, storm surge, or seeping through the exterior enclosure, water can cause costly damage to a building. Consequently, designers should protect buildings and their contents against water damage. Protective measures may be divided into two classes: floodproofing and waterproofing.Floodproofing provides protection against flowing surface water, commonly caused by a river overflowing its banks. Waterproofing provides protection against penetration through the exterior enclosure of buildings of groundwater, rainwater,and melting snow. Buildings adjacent to large water bodies may also require protection from undermining due to erosion and impact from storm driven waves. 3.4.1Floodproo?ng A ?ood occurs when a river rises above an elevation,called ?ood stage,and is not Prevented by enclosures from causing damage beyond its banks.Buildings con- Structed in a ?ood plain,an area that can be inundated by a ?ood,should be Protected against a ?ood with a mean recurrence interval of 100 years.Maps Showing ?ood-hazard areas in the United States can be obtained from the Federal InsuranceAdministrator,DepartmentofHousingandUrbanDevelopment,who Administers the National Flood Insurance Program.Minimum criteria for?ood- proo?ng are given in National Flood Insurance Rules and Regulations(Federal Register, vol.41,no.207,Oct.26,1976). Major objectives of ?oodproo?ng are to protect fully building and contents from Damage from a l00-year ?ood,reduce losses from more devastating ?oods,and Lower ?ood insurance premiums.Floodproo?ng,however,would be unnecessary if Buildings were not constructed in ?ood prone areas.Building in ?ood prone areas Should be avoided unless the risk to life is acceptable and construction there can Be economically and socially justi?ed. Some sites in flood prone areas possess some ground high enough to avoid flood damage. If such sites must be used, buildings should be clustered on the high areas. Where such areas are not available, it may be feasible to build up an earth fill, with embankments protected against erosion by water, to raise structures above flood levels. Preferably, such structures should not have basements, because they would require costly protection against water pressure. An alternative to elevating a building on fill is raising it on stilts (columns in an unenclosed space). In that case, utilities and other services should be protected against damage from flood flows. The space at ground level between the stilts may be used for parking automobiles, if the risk of water damage to them is acceptable or if they will be removed before flood waters reach the site. Buildings that cannot be elevated above flood stage should be furnished with an impervious exterior. Windows should be above flood stage, and doors should seal tightly against their frames. Doors and other openings may also be protected with a flood shield, such as a wall. Openings in the wall for access to the building may be protected with a movable flood shield, which for normal conditions can be stored
出生证明 英文翻译 同出生证明一模一样的模版
BIRTH CERTIFICATE Full name of baby: xxx xxxxxx Sex: Male Date of birth: February 24, 2010 11:43 Place of birth: Beijing Gestation (week): 40 Health status: well Weight: 4740 g Height: 54cm Full name of mother: Wang li Age: 26 Nationality: China Nationality: Han Identity card No.: 110101198200000928 Full name of mother: Yan liang Age: 27 Nationality: China Nationality: Han Identity card No.: 110101198200000928 Type of place: General hospital Name of facility: Peking University People's Hospital Birth No.: J 1102077777 Date of issue: March 2, 2007 Testing organization: Beijing birth certificate MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA “The Medica l Certificate of Birth” is formulated according to “The Law of the People’s Republic of China on Maternal and Infant Health Care”. It is a legal medical certificate of people born in the People’s Republic of China. It is taken care of by the Newborn baby’s father and mother or guardian, can not be sold, lent or altered in private. And it is referred to upon civil registration.
土木工程中英文翻译
Structural Systems to resist lateral loads Commonly Used structural Systems With loads measured in tens of thousands kips, there is little room in the design of high-rise buildings for excessively complex thoughts. Indeed, the better high-rise buildings carry the universal traits of simplicity of thought and clarity of expression. It does not follow that there is no room for grand thoughts. Indeed, it is with such grand thoughts that the new family of high-rise buildings has evolved. Perhaps more important, the new concepts of but a few years ago have become commonplace in today’ s technology. Omitting some concepts that are related strictly to the materials of construction, the most commonly used structural systems used in high-rise buildings can be categorized as follows: 1.Moment-resisting frames. 2.Braced frames, including eccentrically braced frames. 3.Shear walls, including steel plate shear walls. 4.Tube-in-tube structures. 5.Tube-in-tube structures. 6.Core-interactive structures. 7.Cellular or bundled-tube systems. Particularly with the recent trend toward more complex forms, but in response also to the need for increased stiffness to resist the forces from wind and earthquake, most high-rise buildings have structural systems built up of combinations of frames, braced bents, shear walls, and related systems. Further, for the taller buildings, the majorities are composed of interactive elements in three-dimensional arrays. The method of combining these elements is the very essence of the design process for high-rise buildings. These combinations need evolve in response to environmental, functional, and cost considerations so as to provide efficient structures that provoke the architectural development to new heights. This is not to say that imaginative structural design can create great architecture. To the contrary, many examples of fine architecture have been created with only moderate support from the structural engineer, while only fine structure, not great architecture, can be developed without the genius and the leadership of a talented architect. In any event, the best of both is
土木工程专业英语(苏小卒版)翻译.
第一单元 Fundamentally, engineering is an end-product-oriented discipline that is innovative, cost-conscious and mindful of human factors. It is concerned with the creation of new entities, devices or methods of solution: a new process, a new material, an improved power source, a more efficient arrangement of tasks to accomplish a desired goal or a new structure. Engineering is also more often than not concerned with obtaining economical solutions. And, finally, human safety is always a key consideration. 从根本上，工程是一个以最终产品为导向的行业，它具有创新、成本意识，同时也注意到人为因素。它与创建新的实体、设备或解决方案有关：新工艺、新材料、一个改进的动力来源、任务的一项更有效地安排，用以完成所需的目标或创建一个新的结构。工程是也不仅仅关心获得经济的解决方案。最终，人类安全才是一个最重要的考虑因素。 Engineering is concerned with the use of abstract scientific ways of thinking and of defining real world problems. The use of idealizations and development of procedures for establishing bounds within which behavior can be ascertained are part of the process. 工程关心的是，使用抽象的科学方法思考和定义现实世界的问题。理想化的使用和发展建立可以确定行为的边界的程序，是过程的一部分。 Many problems, by their very nature, can’t be fully described—even after the fact, much less at the outset. Yet acceptable engineering solutions to these problems must be found which satisfy the defined needs. Engineering, then, frequently concerns the determination of possible solutions within a context of limited data. Intuition or judgment is a key factor in establishing possible alternative strategies, processes, or solutions. And this, too, is all a part of engineering. 很多的问题，就其本身的性质而言，不能完全被描述——即使这一事实，在其开始之前。然而还必须找到对于这些问题可接受的工程解决方案，来满足预定的需求。直觉或判断是建立可能的替代策略、流程或解决方案的关键因素。。而这也是工程的一部分。 Civil engineering is one of the most diverse branches of engineering. The civil engineer plans, designs, constructs, and maintains a large variety of structures and facilities for public, commercial and industrial use. These structures include residential, office, and factory buildings; highways, railways, airports, tunnels, bridges, harbors, channels, and pipelines. They also include many other facilities that are a part of the transportation systems of most countries, as well as sewage and waste disposal systems that add to our convenience and safeguard our health. 土木工程是工程的最多样化的分支机构之一。土木工程师计划、设计、施工，和维护大量的结构和公共、商业和工业使用的设施。这些结构包括住宅，办公室和工厂大厦；公路、铁路、机场、隧道、桥梁、港口、渠道和管道。在其他大多数的国家它们还包括运输系统许多其他设施，以及将为我们的生活带来便利的和维护我们的健康污水及废物处理系统。 The term “civil engineer” did not come into use until about 1750, when John