翻译基础教程 第9章 练习答案

第九章汉英句子比较与翻译

第一节意合与形合

将下列句子译成英语，注意汉语意合是如何转化成英语形合的。

1. Let everybody share the food if there is any.

2. Because the meeting will begin, you should hand in the material to me soon.

3. Smart as a rule, but this time a fool.

4. Y ou can come today or tomorrow.

5. We are proud of the progress we have made.

6. He spoke so well that everybody was convinced of his innocence.

7. The present onslaught of vehicles poses a serious threat to urban life and pedestrian peace of mind.

8. He had a disgusting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession.

9. Power can be transmitted over a great distance with practically negligible loss if it is carried by an electric current.

10. Xiao Li was in blue the other day but is happy enough today.

11. If the child catches a chill, what are we going to say to its mother?

12. He spoke so rapidly that we could not clearly understand him.

13. In a word, the prospect is bright but the road has twists and turns.

14. He soon learnt how to drive because he practiced every day.

15. When I try to understand what it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect. It seems to me that there are two causes, of which one goes much deeper than the other.

16. Dawn breaks over the islands, very beautiful in a soft light with many clouds. There is a transparency about the light here which cannot be described or painted.

17. The effectiveness of the electronic computer lies in its great speed and accuracy in calculation.

18. He jumped up and hastened to the mirror in the bathroom, taking away the towel to examine the cut upon his cheek.

19. In Africa I met a boy, who was crying as if his heart would break and said, when I spoke to him, that he was hungry because he had no food for two days.（陈安定译）

20. For the last three years, since I stopped working as a television producer, I have done much of my work as a telecommuter．

21. My boyfriend lives in England while I am in china so much of our relationship is also computer-assisted.

22. He only gave a quick glimpse at the actress; there was no time for more as he urgently needed to find his workplace. He hurried to the two-storey building, only to find that everybody had left. It was just like the scene in the movie where the actor had lost touch with the organization and didn't know where to find it.

23. A full moon was rising high in the sky; the laughter of children playing outside had died away; in the room, my wife was patting the son, Run-er, sleepily humming a cradlesong. Shrugging on an overcoat, quietly, I made my way out, closing the door behind me. (朱纯深译）

24. Do you come out of the university as a real scientist or historian, able to continue with the search for knowledge under your own stream, able to continue to grow and change intellectually as your experiences multiply and diversify?

25. Absorbed in his walking, Old Shuan was startled when he saw the crossed street lying distinctly ahead of him. He walked a few steps to stand under the eaves of a shop in front of its closed door. (杨宪益、戴乃迭译)

笫二节汉英句子成分分析

一、将下列句子译成英语，注意主语的处理。

1. There are a lot of people crowding outside the clinic.

2. The removal of enough heat from water may turn it into ice.

3. That day must have been one毗the hottest I experienced in Washington. Street vendors were doing a brisk business in cold drink sales. Almost everyone held a bottle of Coke or some ice cream.

4. When we tackle environment problems, consideration should be given to both the immediate interests of various countries and the long-term interests of the whole world.

5. It must be pointed out that unless the international community helps the developing countries

to quickly get rid of poverty and backwardness, there can be no sustained growth or prosperity for the world.

二、将下列句子译成英语，注意汉语和英语在定语和状语上的异同。

1. They came in spite of the rain.

2. From a long-term point of view, most of China's major cities are working, in a planned way and by phases, toward the goal of becoming modern, international cities.

3. As we advance our cultural relationship, universities will again be a crucial meeting-ground between Chinese and Americans, just as they were in an earlier era.

4. Offers of help are coming in thick and fast.

5. Everybody present at the conference welcomed the decision.

6. He told me something important.

7. China believes that the new round of talks should be conducive, first, to the establishment of a fair, just and reasonable new international economic order….

8. Please allow me, on behalf of the Chinese Gymnastics Association, to extend a warm welcome to all our friends who have come for the Tournament

第三节逻辑与翻译

根据汉英逻辑思维的差异翻译下列各句，并且分析各个句子属于哪种逻辑差异。

1．He is a good eater and good sleeper．（动态与静态）

2．The teacher thanked her pupils because they are very cooperative．（直率与含蓄）

3．Was this the realization of an anticipated liability?（具体与抽象）

4．The senator was assassinated in a theater last night．（主观与客观）

5．The novel is said to have been translated into many foreign languages．（主观与客观）

6. There is more to their life than political and social and economic problems; more than transient everydayness．（具体与抽象）

7．A wave of cigar smoke accompanied the film star in，（主观与客观）&（动态与静态）8．The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps．（主观与客观）&（肯定与否定）9．Recent research discoveries indicate that flu can be spread by hand contacts．（主观与客观）

10. The two sides found it beneficial to have this opportunity to present to one another their

views on a variety of issues．（直率与含蓄）

11. Many strange new means of transport have been developed in our century．（主观与客观）

12．A sizable grant took him abroad to Y ale University.（主观与客观）

13. Lin Zexu believed that a successful ban of the trade in opium must be preceded by the destruction of the drug itself。（动态与静态）

14. Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh．（具体与抽象）

15. We must show our respect for knowledge and people of talent in the construction of socialist modernization．（动态与静态）

16. Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the points whereas the planet can provide a comfortable support for all, people will have to accept more "unnatural food．”（肯定与否定）