英语专四模拟试题12套

模拟试题12套

模拟试题一

GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

1 evidence came up ____ specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old.

a what

b that

c which

d whose

2 I understand ____ preparation that staff must put in under pressure to meet the deadline.

a more than the enormous amount of

b better than most the enormous number of

c better than most the enormous amount of

d fewer than th

e number of

3 I’m sure your suggestion will ____ the problem.

a contribute to solving

b be contributed to solve

c contribute to solve

d b

e contributed to solving

4 In 1840, both Lucretian Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton resented ____ proper seating at the World’s Anti-slavery convention in London because of their sex.

a refusing

b to be refused

c being refuse

d d having refused

5 America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ____ before the West was settled.

a could

b did

c woul

d d was

6 ___ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown.

a Unpopular has as white been

b White has been as unpopular

c Unpopular has been as white

d Unpopular as whit

e has been

7 ____ for a long time, the fields are all dried up.

a There has been no rain

b Having no rain

c There having no rain

d Ther

e being no rain

8 The millions of calculations involved, ____ by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.

a had they been done

b they had been done

c having been done

d they wer

e done

9 Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment ____.

a which they are happening

b they are happening

c which they happen

d they hav

e happened

10 ____ me most was that the young boy who had lost both arms in an accident could handle a pen with his feet.

a That amazed

b It amazed

c Which amaze

d d What amazed

11 An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to ____ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.

a stimulate

b renovate

c arouse

d advocate

12 Although architecture has artistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practical ____.

a obligations

b regulations

c observations

d considerations

13 Life insurance is financial protection for dependents against los s ____ the breadwinner’s death.

a at the cost of

b on the verge of

c as a result of

d for th

e sake of

14 In education there should be a good ____ among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment.

a distribution

b balance

c combination

d assignment

15 The American dream is most ____ during the periods of productivity and wealth generated by American

capitalism.

a plausible

b patrioti

c c primitive

d partial

16 He spoke so ____ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.

a bluntly

b convincingly

c emphatically

d determinedly

17 France’s ____ of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations.

a assumption

b consumption

c presumption

d resumption

18 The 215-page manuscript, circulated to publishers last October, ____ an outburst of interest.

a flared

b glittered

c sparke

d d flashed

19 His efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two parties ___.

a came off

b came on

c came roun

d d cam

e down

20 The system was redesigned to embrace the network and eventually ____ it in a profitable direction.

a adapt

b control

c install

d steer

21 The capital intended to broaden the export base and ____ efficiency gains from international trade was channeled instead into uneconomic import substitution.

a secure

b extend

c defen

d d posses

22 It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be ____ at the manager’s office.

a declared

b obtained

c reclaime

d d recognized

23 When I ____ my senses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room, with Grandma bending over me.

a woke up

b took to

c picke

d up d cam

e to

24 The American society is ____ an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.

a established

b affiliated to

c originate

d from d incorporated with

25 I am not ____ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere to live.

a concerned

b compatible

c considerate

d complied

26 Since the most commonly accepted test is TOEFL exam, most institutions will expect a ____ TOEFL score for admission.

a minimal

b maximal

c minimum

d maximun

27 It was believed that his death ____ with the robbery of the bank downtown.

a accompanied

b coincided

c correlate

d d conformed

28 Does Emerson find his career full and ____ as a basketball player?

a conflicting

b charming

c rewarding

d awarding

29 The local government gave the first ____ to education after the war.

a projection

b protection

c profession

d priority

30 The professor ____ his habit of getting up early in the morning to do writing all his life.

a projected

b retained

c retaile

d d revitalized

CLOZE

From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 31____, they were like newborn children, unable to use this 32____ tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind’s future 33____ and cultural growth increased.

Many linguists believe that evolution is 34____ for our ability to produce and use language. They 35____ that our highly evolved brain provides us 36____ innate language ability not found in lower 37____. Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 38____ for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually,

39____ a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical 40____ times for language development.

Current 41____ of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 42____, more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 43____ grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being 44____ to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another once the 45____ of their first language have become firmly fixed.

46____ some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been 47____ from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that 48____ with other human beings necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 49____ any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. 50____, children learn language from their parents by imitation them. Parents gradually shape their children’s language skills by positively reinforcing imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.

31 a generated b evolved c born d originated

32 a valuable b appropriate c convenient d favorite

33 a attainments b feasibility c entertainments d evolution

34 a essential b available c reliable d responsible

35 a confirm b inform c claim d convince

36 a for b from c of d with

37 a organizations b organisms c humans d children

38 a potential b performance c preference d passion

39 a as b just as c like d unlike

40 a ideological b biological c social d psychological

41 a reviews b reference c reaction d recommendation

42 a In a word b In a sense c Indeed d In other words

43 a various b different c the higher d the lower

44 a revealed b exposed c engaged d involved

45 a regulations b formations c rules d constitutions

46 a Although b Whether c Since d When

47 a distinguished b different c protected d isolated

48 a exposition b comparison c contrast d interaction

49 a acquisition b appreciation c requirement d alternative

50 a As a result b After all c In other words d Above all

模拟试题二

GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

1 You should have put the milk into the ice box, I expect it ____ undrinkable by now.

a became

b had become

c has become

d becomes

2 It’s no good ____ him. He is always indifferent towards others’ matters.

a to turn to

b turning to

c turn to

d turned to

3 Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure ____.

a than more efficiency

b and more on efficiency

c an

d mor

e efficiency d than efficiency

4 She always put her medication on the top of the shelf lest the children ____ it by mistake.

a took

b should take

c ha

d taken d would take

5 The earnings of women are well below that of men ____ educational differences that are diminishing between

the two sexes.

a although

b though

c despite of

d in spit

e of

6 Although she wrote a lot of short stories and poems when she was very young, ____ she was twenty five.

a her first real success did not come until

b her real first success came until not

c since her first real success di

d not com

e until

d not until her first real success

7 You should know better than ____ your little sister at home by herself.

a to leave

b leaving

c to have left

d left

8 As the train will not leave until one hour later, we ____ grab a bite at the snack bar.

a may well

b just as well

c might as well

d as well

9 She resorted to ____ when she had no money to buy foods for her children.

a have stolen

b steal

c stole

d stealing

10 The boy has admitted to ____ the window while playing football yesterday.

a breaking

b having been broken

c break

d b

e breaking

11 Betty advised me to label our luggage carefully in case it gets ____ in transit.

A misused b mishandled c mistaken d mislaid

12 Poverty is not ____ in most cities although, perhaps because of the crowded conditions in certain areas, it is more visible there.

a rare

b temporary

c prevalent

d segmental

13 People who live in small towns often seem more friendly than those living in ____ populated areas.

a densely

b intensely

c abundantly

d highly

14 As a way of ____ the mails while they were away, the Johnson’s asked the cleaning lady to send little printed slips asking the senders to write again later.

a picking up

b coping with

c passing out

d getting across

15 Tom’s mother tried hard to persuade him to ____ from his intention to invest his savings in stock market.

a pull out

b give up

c draw in

d back down

16 An increasing proportion of our population, unable to live without advanced medical ____, will become progressively more reliant on expensive technology.

a interference

b interruption

c intervention

d interaction

17 The news of our team winning the match was really ____, and millions of people came out to celebrate the victory.

a overwhelming

b accelerating d prompting d preceding

18 What the government should do urgently is to take actions to ____ the economy.

a brook

b blush

c boost

d brood

19 The explosion in the mine was ____ by a careless miner who lit a match.

a triggered

b claimed

c hampere

d d protested

20 The mass newspaper depended significantly more on advertising ____ than did their predecessors.

a revenues

b incomes

c avenues

d outcomes

21 Some minerals are quite common, others are regionally ___, and still others are rare on the earth.

a attributed

b distributed

c contribute

d d scattered

22 She remains confident and ____ untroubled by our present problems.

a indefinitely

b infinitely

c optimistically

d seemingly

23 Fiber-optic cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations ____.

a simultaneously

b spontaneously

c homogeneously

d contemporarily

24 The police were alerted that the escaped criminal might be in the ____.

a vain

b vicinity

c court

d jail

25 Whether you live to eat or eat to live, food is a major ____ in every family’s budget.

a nutrition

b expenditure

c routine

d provision

26 Now a paper in Science argues that organic chemicals in the rock come mostly from ____ on earth rather than bacteria on Mars.

a configuration

b constitution

c condemnation

d contamination

27 It took a lot of imagination to come up with such an ____ plan.

a bright

b clever

c brilliant

d ingenious

28 In the refining process, rice and flour lose much of their ____.

a acid

b alcohol

c vitamin

d sulphur

29 Individual lines of the poem w ere very beautiful, but I didn’t see how the lines fit together. To me, the poem wasn’t ____.

a inherent

b coherent

c logical

d corporate

30 To an especially sensitive child, a simple scolding can be a ____ experience.

a hysterical

b grievous

c gracious

d sensible

CLOZE

Rumor is the most 31____ way of spreading stories---by passing them on from mouth 32____ mouth. But civilized countries in normal times have better 33____ of news than rumor. They have radio, television, and newspapers. In times of stress and 34____, 35____, rumor36____ and becomes widespread. At such 37____ the different kinds of news are in 38____, the press, television, and radio versus the grapevine. Especially 39____ rumors spread when war requires censorship on many important matters. The customary news sources no longer 40____ enough information. Since the people cannot learn 41____ legitimate channels all 42____ they are anxious to learn, they pick up “news” 43____ they can and when this 44____, rumor thrives.

Rumors are often repeated 45____ by those who do not believe the tales. There is a fascination about them. The reason is 46____ the cleverly designed from rumor gives expression to something deep in the hearts of the victims---the fears, suspicions, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate to 47____ directly. Pessimistic rumors about defeat and disasters show that the people who repeat them are 48____ and anxious. 49____ rumors about record production or peace soon coming point to complacency or confidence---and often to 50____.

31 a primitive b important c impossible d outstanding

32 a till b to c for d by

33 a means b ways c sources d resource

34 a confusion b peace c prosperity d worried

35 a and b however c so d therefore

36 a emerges b immerge c immerse d immense

37 a time b the times c times d the time

38 a compete b competition c common d harmony

39 a do b did c are d were

40 a give up b give off c give out d send off

41 a through b by c in d across

42 a what b why c which d that

43 a wherever b where c whatever d what

44 a happened b would happen c happens d happen

45 a ever b even c forever d much

46 a that b what c why d how

47 a act b voice c behave d do

48 a happy b relieved c crazy d worried

49 a Bad b Pessimistic c Optimistic d Good

50 a overconfidence b overweight

c over-considerate

d overproduce

模拟试题三

GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

1 ____ native to North America, corn has now spread all over the world.

A In spite of b That it is c It was d Although

2 Our civilization cannot thought of as ____ in a short period of time.

a to have been created

b to be created

c having been create

d d being created

3 We feel it is high time that the Government ____ something to check the inflation.

a did

b do

c shoul

d do d would do

4 It has been proposed that we ____ our decision until the next meeting.

a delayed

b delay

c can delay

d ar

e to delay

5 Hurricanes are severe cyclones with winds over seventy-five miles an hour ____ originate over tropical ocean waters.

a which

b who

c where

d how to

6 Although ____ Spain, he attended the course.

a he was knowing

b he is knowing

c having a knowledge of

d knows

7 You ____ that letter to James. However, you didn’t.

a ought to write

b ought to have written

c shoul

d writ

e d should be writing

8 Joseph was very lucky ____ with his wife; he almost did not get out of the room.

a to escape

b to have escaped

c to escaping

d to b

e escaping

9 Bread and butter ____ liked by Westerners.

a is

b are

c were

d be

10 The back garden of our house contains a lawn, ____ very pleasant to sit on in summer.

a which is

b which it is

c it is

d wher

e it is

11 The most successful way to solve the language problem while a foreign play is being performed is ____ translation.

a instantaneous

b spontaneous

c simultaneous

d homogeneous

12 The hostess ____ in the contract that the rent should be paid in cash at the beginning of each month.

a assumed

b submitted

c expose

d d specified

13 This year, the number of accidents has ____ that of last year.

a overtaken

b overweighed

c overcome

d overshadow

14 You must ____ yourself or they will continue to bully you, so you will go on living in disgrace.

a assess

b assert

c maintain

d promote

15 While both plans wer e perfectly sensible, only one seemed ____ in China’s particular situation.

a available

b feasible

c resolvable

d presumable

16 After four years in the same job his enthusiasm finally ____.

a deteriorated

b dispersed

c dissipate

d d drained

17 No one can function properly if they are ____ of adequate sleep.

a deprived

b ripped

c strippe

d d contrived

18 For years now, the people of that faraway country have been cruelly ____ by a dictator.

a depressed

b immersed

c oppresse

d d cursed

19 Ever since the rise of industrialism, education has been ____ towards producing workers.

a harnessed

b hatched

c motivate

d d geared

20 The prospect of increased prices has already ____ worries.

a provoked

b irritated

c inspire

d d hoisted

21 Many automobile accidents were ____ careless driving.

a attributed to

b resulted in

c contribute

d to d raised from

22 The actress wanted a hat to ____ her dress.

a go by

b go through

c go out

d go with

23 It takes a lot of ____ to put on a school play such as King Lear.

A organization b arrangement c management d preparation

24 The police carried out a(n) ____ search for the missing boy.

a complete

b entire

c thorough

d whole

25 The ____ crown jewels are kept in the Tower of London.

a valued

b valueless

c invaluable

d usable

26 ____ money, she is quite rich. However, this does not mean that she is happy.

a Concerning

b As to

c In terms of

d In th

e light of

27 A well written composition ____ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.

a calls for

b calls on

c calls up

d calls off

28 It is ____ with the customer not to let the shop assistants guess what she really likes and wants until the last moment.

a in her honor

b on her honor

c a point of honor

d an honor

29 This house will probably come on the ____ next month.

a fair

b market

c shop

d store

30 George was introduced to ____ activities at a young age, when he was hired to act as a lookout for drug dealers. illegal b lawful c faithful d peaceful

CLOZE

There are more than forty universities in Britain---nearly twice as many as in 1960. During the 1960s eight completely new ones more founded, and ten other new ones were created 31____ converting old colleges of technology into universities. In the same period the 32____ of students more than doubled, from 70,000 to 33____ than 200,000. By 1973 about 10% of men aged from eighteen 34____ twenty-one were in universities and about 5% of women.

All the universities are private institutions. Each has its 35 ____ governing councils, 36____ some local businessmen and local politicians as 37____ as a few academics. The state began to give grants to the fifty years 38____, and by 1970 each university derived nearly all its 39____ from state grants. Students have to 40____ fees and living costs, but every student may receive from the local authority of the place 41____ he lives a personal grant which is enough to pay his full costs, including lodging and 42____ unless his parents are 43____. Most 44____ take jobs in the summer 45____ about six weeks, but they do not normally do outside 46____ during the

academic year. The Department of Education takes 47____ for the payments which cover the whole expenditure of the 48____, but it does not exercise direct control. It can have an important influence 49____ new developments through its power to distribute funds, but it takes the advice of the University Grants Committee, a body which is mainly 50____ of academics.

31 a with b by c at d into

32 a amount b quantity c lot d number

33 a more b much c less d fewer

34 a with b to c from d beyond

35 a self b kind c own d personal

36 a making b consisting c including d taking

37 a good b long c little d well

38 a ago b before c after d ever

39 a suggestions b grades c profits d funds

40 a make b pay c change d delay

41 a what b which c where d how

42 a living b drinking c food d shelter

43 a poor b generous c kind-hearted d rich

44 a professors b students c politicians d businessmen

45 a at b since c with d for

46 a travel b work c experiment d study

47 a responsibility b advice c duty d pleasure

48 a government b school c universities d committees

49 a at b to c on d from

50 a consisted b composed c made d taken

模拟试题四

GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

1 ____ is announced in the papers, our country has launched a large scale movement against smuggling and fraudulent activities in foreign currency exchange deals.

a What

b As

c Which

d That

2 All the flights ____ because of the snowstorms, we had to take the train instead.

a were canceled

b had been canceled

c having cancele

d d having been canceled

3 Once ____, this power station will supply all the neighboring towns and villages with electricity.

a it being completed

b it completed

c complete

d d it completes

4 He might have been killed ____ the timely arrival of the ambulance.

a but for

b except for

c besides

d except

5 If you have never planted anything, you won’t be able to know the pleasure of watching the thing you have planted.

a grow

b to grow

c growing

d to b

e growing

6 He set up in business ____ his own and was very successful.

a in

b of

c on

d by

7 John’s score on the test is the highest in the class; he ____ last night.

a must study

b should have studied

c must have studie

d d is sur

e to study

8 Frank almost never received any education, ____?

a would he

b did he

c didn’t he

d wouldn’t he

9 Even if his letter ____ tomorrow, it ____ too late to do anything.

a will arrive …is

b should arrive…were

c arrives…will be

d arrives…would be

10 We can hear ____ from the back of the room.

a just as good

b just as easy

c just as well

d easily as well

11 A good teacher must know how to ____ his ideas to the students, as generally agreed by educational experts.

a transmit

b transfer

c convey

d communicate

12 If you keep on taking on more work than you can do, your health will ____.

a decline

b degrade

c degenerate

d deteriorate

13 The director tried to wave aside these issues as ____ details that would be settled later.

a preliminary

b primary

c trivial

d alternative

14 As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the ____ of a brilliant career.

a end

b edge

c threshol

d d course

15 During the famine of 1943, millions of peasants ____ to the cities because they could not make a living in the countryside.

a immigrated

b emigrated

c migrate

d d generated

16 There is much I enjoy about the changing seasons, but my favorite time is the ____ from fall to winter.

a transmission

b transformation

c transition

d transfer

17 I think we need to see an investment ____ before we make an expensive mistake.

a guide

b entrepreneur

c consultant

d assessor

18 The ____ on this apartment expires in a year’s time.

a treaty

b lease

c engagement

d subsidy

19 The elderly Russians find it hard to live on their state ____.

a pension

b earnings

c salaries

d donations

20 There is supposed to be a safety ____ which makes it impossible for trains to collide.

a appliance

b accessory

c machine

d mechanism

21 Tom has been a vegetarian ____ principle for years.

a in

b on

c for

d by

22 When I got out of the car and walked about among them, ____ one old man who shook his head disapprovingly, they all began to cheer.

a see that

b except that

c provide

d that d except for

23 ____ the water left in the kettle, the doctor put several things he unwrapped from a handkerchief.

a At

b To

c Within

d Into

24 I am ____ grateful for the many kindnesses you have shown my son.

a excessively

b much

c certainly

d exceedingly

25 The ____ of AIDS has led to an expansion in research seeking a cure.

a innovation

b selection

c proliferation

d conviction

26 An institution that properly carries the name university is a more comprehensive and complex institution than any other kind of higher education.

a settlement

b establishment

c construction

d structure

27 People’s status in society is frequently ____ by how much they own.

a measured

b examined

c teste

d d questioned

28 Jack is so ____ to his appearance that he never has his clothes pressed.

a adverse

b anonymous

c indifferent

d casual

29 There is an increasing ____ to make movies describing violence.

a strength

b direction

c tradition

d trend

30 Outside my office window there is a fire ____ on the right.

a escape

b ladder

c steps

d stairs

CLOZE

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 31____ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 32____ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 33____ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 34 ____ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status 35____ as a rejection of middle-class values.

Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 36____ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 37____ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 38____ to criticism.

Changes in the social structure may indirectly 39____ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 40____ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 41____ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 42____ lead more youths into criminal behavior.

Families have also 43____ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; 44____, children are likely to have less supervision at home 45____ was common in the traditional family 46____. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 47____ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 48____ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 49____ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tent to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 50____ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

31 a acting b relying c centering d cementing

32 a before b unless c until d because

33 a interactions b assimilation c cooperation d consultation

34 a return b reply c reference d response

35 a or b but rather c but d or else

36 a considering b ignoring c highlighting d discarding

37 a on b in c for d with

38 a immune b resistant c sensitive d subject

39 a affect b reduce c chock d reflect

40 a point b lead c come d amount

41 a in general b on average c by contrast d at length

42 a case b short c turn d essence

43 a survived b noticed c undertaken d experienced

44 a contrarily b consequently c similarly d simultaneously

45 a than b that c which d as

46 a system b structure c concept d heritage

47 a assessable b identifiable c negligible d incredible

48 a expense b restriction c allocation d availability

49 a incidence b awareness c exposure d popularity

50 a provided b since c although d supposing

模拟试题五

GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

1 Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always ____ with other elements, most commonly with oxygen.

a being combined

b having combined

c to combine

d combined

2 Physics is in the present day equivalent of ____ used to be called natural philosophy, from ____ most of present day science arose.

a which, what

b that, which

c what, which

d what, that

3 On no account ____ ever leave the baby at home alone.

a should you

b you should

c shall you

d you shall

4 ____ the center of our planetary system was considered as heresy by the church in the Middle Ages.

a It is the sun and not the earth

b That the sun and not the earth is

c Being the sun an

d not th

e earth d The sun and not the earth is

5 The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it ____, was that he was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war.

a was turned out

b was being turned out

c being turne

d out d turned out

6 It was requested that all of the equipment ____ in the agreed time.

a erected

b would be erected

c be erecte

d d will b

e erected

7 The man sitting opposite me smiled dreamily, as if ____ something pleasant in the past.

a to remember

b remembered

c having remembere

d d remembering

8 I ____ him the Christmas gift by mail because he came home during the Christmas holidays.

a ought to have sent

b couldn’t have sent

c must have sent

d needn’t hav

e sent

9 It turned out that the children were not ____ for the accident.

a to blame

b to be blamed

c to be blaming

d to hav

e been blamed

10 The desegregation was achieved through a number of struggles, ____ had been mentioned in previous chapters.

a a few of which

b a few of them

c a few of those

d a few of that

11 These causes produced the great change in the country that modernized the ____ of higher education from the mid-1860’s to the mid-1880’s.

a branch

b category

c domain

d scope

12 Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the ____ in the financial system will drag down the economy.

a shallowness

b shakiness

c scantiness

d stiffness

13 Crisis would be the right term to describe the ____ in many animal species.

a minimization

b restriction

c descent

d decline

14 The city is an important railroad ____ and industrial and convention center.

a conjunction

b network

c junction

d link

15 Prof. White, my respected tutor, frequently reminds me to ____ myself of every chance to improve my English.

a assure

b inform

c avail

d notify

16 At first, the ____ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.

A transaction b transmission c transformation d transition

17 When the committee ____ to details, the proposed plan seemed impractical.

a got down

b set about

c went off

d cam

e up

18 ____ to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are still covered with thick forests.

a Orientation

b Access

c Procession

d V oyage

19 Mr. Smith had an unusual ____ he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.

a profession

b occupation

c position

d career

20 The mayor is a woman with great ____ and therefore deserves our political and financial support.

a intention

b instinct

c integrity

d intensity

21 He did me a ____ turn by lending me ten pounds.

a good

b nice

c fine

d pretty

22 Once our chickens started laying eggs, we had such a ____ of eggs that we were giving many away to our neighbors.

a output

b surplus

c production

d plenty

23 Following are comments about the behavior that people in Korea usually expect on various social ____.

a occasions

b cases

c situations

d circumstances

24 They have considered their high standard of living a(n) ____ for practicing their basic beliefs.

a award

b reward

c result

d consequence

25 Mac’s close ____ to his brother made people mist ake them for one another.

a resemblance

b identity

c appearance

d relationship

26 For many patients, institutional care is the most ____ and beneficial form of care.

a pertinent

b appropriate

c acute

d persistent

27 Among all the changes resulting from the ____ entry of women into the work force, the transformation that has occurred in the women themselves is not the least important.

a massive

b quantitative

c surplus c formidable

28 Mr. Smith became very ____ when it was suggested that he had made a mistake.

a ingenious

b empirical

c objective

d indignant

29 Rumors are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputations, and turning calm situations into ____ ones.

a turbulent

b tragi

c c vulnerable

d suspicious

30 The ____ cycle of life and death is a subject of interest to scientists and philosophers alike.

a incompatible

b exceeding

c instantaneous

d eternal

CLOZE

To others and themselves the British have a reputation for being conservative---not in the narrow political sense, but in the sense of adherence to accepted ideas and unwilling to question them. The reputation comes partly from their 31____. For 900 32____ they have suffered 33____ invasion nor revolution (except in 1649 34____ 1688) nor disastrous defeat in 35____. Their monarchy survives 36____ serious question. Under its normal 37____ the political arrangements have been 38____ stable that, except for the 39____ interruptions in the seventeenth 40____, they have been adopted throughout 41____ centuries to meet changing needs without violent 42____. Britain, in 1978, was 43____ in managing without 44____ written constitution; some fragmentary definitions of 1688 still 45____. There had been 46____ quarrels, social and economic as well 47____ political, but the quarrels had been 48____, usually 49____ compromise. The underlying 50____ had not been broken.

31 a language b future c history d literature

32 a centuries b years c minutes d seconds

33 a neither b as c or d either

34 a too b but c or d and

35 a home b study c peace d war

36 a and b without c with d neither

37 a name b people c leadership d enemy

38 a so b very c too d such

39 a two b one c no d couple

40 a month b day c year d century

41 a a b any c the d few

42 a changes b change c altered d changed

43 a common b popular c unique d angry

44 a two b a c some d their

45 a survive b surviving c survives d survived

46 a bitter b happy c pleasant d unhappy

47 a for b as c to d at

48a settling b settles c settle d settled

49 a for b at c to d by

50 a continue b continuity c continuous d continued

模拟试题六

GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

1 Advertising media like direct mail, radio, television and newspapers ____ to increase the sales of industrial products.

A had been used b will be used c is being used d has been used

2 While being questioned on the cour t, the man denied ____ the old lady’s necklace.

a having taken

b taking

c to have taken

d to take

3 Dr. Park was accused ____ the patient with overdose of sleeping pills so that the patient’s life was terminated before the expected time.

a of providing

b with providing

c to have provide

d to provide

4 By the end of next month we ____ this assignment.

a will finish

b will be finishing

c will have finishe

d d hav

e finished

5 We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours ____ miracle.

a is working

b works

c will be working

d worked

6 The eldest child is thoroughly ____ because they always give him whatever he wants.

a wasted

b spoiled

c destroye

d d uneducated

7 If a substance is dissolved in water or heated, it may ____ a gas.

a give into

b give over

c give off

d giv

e away

8 His manner was so pleasant that Bolla felt at ____ with him at once.

a peace

b large

c ease

d best

9 –Can you take the day off tomorrow?

–Well, I’ll have g ot ____ from my boss.

a permission

b permit

c allowance

d possession

10 The ____ in Janet’s character has hindered her from advancement in her career.

a weakness

b merit

c defect

d shortcoming

11 ____ native of North America, corn has now spread all over the world.

a In spite of

b That it is

c It was

d Although

12 Our civilization cannot be thought of as ____ in a short period of time.

a to have been created

b to be created

c having been create

d d being created

13 We feel it is high time that the Government ____ something to check the inflation.

a did

b do

c shoul

d do d would do

14 It has been proposed that we ____ our decision until the next meeting.

a delayed

b delay

c can delay

d ar

e to delay

15 Hurricanes are severe cyclones with winds over seventy five miles an hour ____ originate over tropical ocean waters.

a which

b who

c where

d how to

16 Students have to ____ life after graduation, though they are graduating without a clue about what they want to do with their lives.

a contend

b contemplate

c visualize

d dwell

17 A local trading management system is responsible for initiating, monitoring, and terminating ____ in a computing system.

a transactions

b transitions

c stimulations

d solutions

18 It is wise to draw a line between past and future, because it is impossible to calculate all that has been done—it is incommensurable and it is unworthy to rummage in yesterday’s dust. ____ let us establish a new step.

A Moreover b Whereby c However d Henceforth

19 Researchers have identified a number of factors that affect how ____ you are to stress --- among then are eating and sleeping habits, caffeine and alcohol intake, and how we express our emotions.

a vicious

b vulnerable

c vulgar

d void

20 Instead, the Indians produced a ____ bowling performance in which their standards fell far below those on these great cricketing occasions.

a feeble

b formidable

c exotic

d exquisite

21 The Spanish team, who are not in superb form, will be doing their best next week to ____ themselves on the German team for last year’s defeat.

a remedy

b reproach

c revive

d revenge

22 Creating so much confusion, Mason realized he had better make ____ what he was trying to tell the audience.

a exclusive

b explicit

c objective

d obscure

23 One of the examination questions ____ me completely and I couldn’t answer it.

a baffled

b mingled

c provoke

d d diverted

24 The vision of that big black car hitting the sidewalk a few feet from us will never be ____ from my memory.

a ejected

b escaped

c erase

d d omitted

25 At present, it is not possible to confirm or to refute the suggestion that there is a causal relationship between the amount of fat we eat and the ____ of heart attacks.

a incidence

b impetus

c rupture

d emergence

26 Harold claimed that he was a serious and well-known artist, but in fact he was a(n) ____.

a alien

b client

c counterpart

d fraud

27 We don’t ____ any difficulties in completing the project so long as we keep within our budget.

a foresee

b fabricate

c infer

d inhibit

28 He is looking for a job that will give him greater ____ for his career development.

a insight

b scope

c momentum

d phase

29 The high school my daughter studies in is ____ our university.

a linked by

b relevant to

c mingle

d with d affiliated with

30 The Browns lived in a ____ and comfortably furnished house in the suburbs.

a spacious

b sufficient

c wide

d wretched

CLOZE

In the United States, the first day nursery was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the 31____ half of the 19th century; most of 32____ were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U.S., the day nursery movement received great 33____ during the First World War, when 34____ of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established 35____ in munitions plants, under direct government sponsorship. 36____ the number of nurseries in U.S. also rose 37____, this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War, 38____ Federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control 39____ the day nurseries, chiefly by 40____ them and by inspecting and regulating the conditions within the nurseries.

The 41____ of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were 42____ called upon to replace men in the factories. On this 43____ the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools, 44____ $6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities 45____ this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared 46____ in day care centers receiving Federal 47____. Soon afterwards, the Federal government 48____ cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later 49____ them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their 50____ at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.

31 a latter b late c other d first

32 a those b them c whose d whom

33 a impetus b input c imitation d initiative

34 a sources b abundance c shortage d reduction

35 a hardly b entirely c only d even

36 a Because b As c Since d Although

37 a unanimously b sharply c predominantly d militantly

38 a therefore b consequently c however d moreover

39 a over b in c at d about

40 a formulating b labeling c patenting d licensing

41 a outset b outbreak c breakthrough d breakdown

42 a again b thus c repeatedly d yet

43 a circumstance b occasion c case d situation

44 a regulating b summoning c allocating d transferring

45 a expanded b facilitated c supplemented d compensated

46 a by b after c of d for

47 a pensions b subsidies c statistically d drastically

48 a prevalently b furiously c statistically d drastically

49 a abolished b diminished c jeopardized d precluded

50 a nurseries b homes c jobs d children

模拟试题七

GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

1 I’d rather you ____ by train because the weather forecast said there would be heavy snow tomorrow.

a went

b should go

c will go

d go

2 Einstein won the Nobel Prize in 1921 and enjoyed great fame in Germany until the rise of Nazism ____ he was expelled from Germany because he was a Jew.

a when

b who

c then

d which

3 Nowhere but in the remotest region of the country ____ find a place to settle down.

a can he

b he can

c he

d for him to

4 With one leg broken in that car accident, he cannot even walk, ___ run.

a let alone

b that’s to say

c not to speak not to mention

5 ____, she led a life a complete seclusion.

a Being disgraced

b Disgraced

c Disgracing

d Sh

e was disgraced

6 Setting up a committee might be a way ___ the project more efficiently.

a to be doing

b doing

c to do

d being done

7 It ____ to see so many children in that mountainous area cannot even afford elementary education.

a pains her

b makes her pain

c is paining

d is pained

8 Our boss, Mr. Thompson, ____ a raise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.

a was promising

b had been promising

c promise

d d has promised

9 He was determined to sail around the world ___ his illness and old age.

a given

b although

c despite

d in spite

10 The board deemed it’s urgent that these invitations ____ first thing tomorrow morning.

a had to be put in the mail

b must be put in the mail

c be put in the mail

d should hav

e been put in the mail

11 Researchers discovered that plants infected with a virus give off a gas that ____ disease resistance in neighboring plants.

a contracts

b activates

c maintains

d prescribes

12 Corporations and labor unions have ____ great benefits upon their employees and members as well as upon the general public.

a conferred

b granted

c flung

d submitted

13 The movement of the moon conveniently provided the unit of month, which was ____ from one new moon to the next.

a measured

b reckoned

c judge

d d assessed

14 The judge ruled that the evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was ____ to the issue at hand.

a irrational

b unreasonable

c invali

d d irrelevant

15 Fuel scarcities and price increases ____ automobile designers to scale down the largest models and to develop completely new lines of small cars and trucks.

a persuaded

b prompted

c impose

d d enlightened

16 The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest and ____ to everyone.

a speculation

b attribution

c utilization

d proposition

17 The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs ____ it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.

a renders

b reckons

c regards

d relates

18 To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly, be ____, and display interest in the job.

a swift

b instant

c timely

d punctual

19 You don’t have to install this radio in your new car: it’s an extra ____.

a excessive

b optional

c additional

d arbitrary

20 We were pleased to note that the early morning delivery didn’t ____ to the traffic jam of the busy city.

a aid

b amount

c ad

d d attribute

21 The thieves ____ the waste paper all over the room while they were searching for the diamond ring.

a spread

b scratched

c scattere

d d burned

22 The sight of the fruit salad made our daughter Kit’s mouth ____.

a wet

b water

c soak

d taste

23 The ____ problem of bring a spaceship back from the moon has been solved.

a technical

b technological

c technique

d technology

24 A large part of a person’s memory is ____ words and combination of words.

a by means of

b in terms of

c in connection with

d by way of

25 At her words she stood up and walked away, stopping at the window to pull back the curtain and ____.

a look round

b look out

c look up

d look on

26 There are two main requirements before the fifth generation computer can become a reality and it is these that scientists are ____.

a anticipating

b tackling

c manipulating

d speculating

27 College students in this city have set up “the Cleaner Air Society” to help urban citizens become aware of the ____ to our environment.

a conditions

b situations

c dangers

d threats

28 When you get a minor burn, pour some cold water on it, which will help ____ the pain of the burn.

a relieve

b relax

c reveal

d release

29 The library published a collection of books recently made ____ to the public.

a acceptable

b accessible

c accommodating

d accountable

30 For 14 years after her spouse’s death, she saw the ____ meaning of her life as nourishing her son and safeguarding her husband’s works.

a due

b lone

c sole

d keen

CLOZE

When women do become managers, do they bring a different style and different skills to the job? Are they better, or worse, managers than men? Are women more highly motivated and 31____ than male managers? Some research 32____ the idea that woman bring different attitudes and skills to management jobs, such as greater 33____, an emphasis on affiliation and attachment, and a 34____ to bring emotional factors to bear 35____ making workplace decisions. These differences are 36____ to carry advantages for companies, 37___ expand the range of techniques that can be used to 38____ the company manage its workforce 39___. A study commissioned by the International Women’s Forum 40____ a management style used by some woman managers (and also by some men) that 41____from the command and control style 42____ used by male managers.

Using this “interactive leadership” approach, women 43____ participation, shape power and information, 44____ other people’s self-worth, and get others excited about their work. All these 45____ reflect their belief that allowing 46____ to contribute and to feel 47____ and important is a win-win 48____ ---good for the employees and the organization. The study’s director 49____ that “interactive leadership may emerge 50____ the management style of choice for many organizatio ns.”

31 a confronted b commanded c confined d committed

32 a supports b argues c opposes d despises

33 a combination b cooperativeness c coherence d correlation

34 a willingness b loyalty c sensitivity d virtue

35 a by b in c at d with

36 a disclosed b watched c revised d seen

37 a therefore b whereas c because d nonetheless

38 a help b enable c support d direct

39 a evidently b precisely c aggressively d effectively

40 a developed b invented c discovered d located

41 a derives b differs c descends d detaches

42 a inherently b traditionally c conditionally d occasionally

43 a encourage b dismiss c disapprove d engage

44 a enhance b enlarge c ignore d degrade

46 a managers b women c employees d males

47 a faithful b powerful c skillful d thoughtful

48 a situation b status c circumstance d position

49 a predicted b proclaimed c defied d diagnosed

50 a into b from c as d for

模拟试题八

GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

1 There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, ____ a sudden loud noise.

a being there

b should there be

c there was

d ther

e have been

2 Bit by bit, a child makes the necessary changes to make his language ____.

a as other people

b as other people’s

c like other people

d lik

e other people’s

3 Clothing made of plastic fibers has certain advantages over ____ made of natural fibers like cotton, wool, or silk.

a one

b the one

c that

d what

4 The treasury issued an order stating that ____ land purchased from the government had to be paid for in gold and silver.

a henceforth

b moreover

c whereby

d however

5 The students expected there ____ more reviewing classes before the final exams.

a is

b being

c have been

d to be

6 It was during summer breaks that we first taste the satisfaction of work that ____ into hard currency.

a translates

b transfers

c transplants

d transmits

7 In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topics ____ or may give you a choice of topics to write about.

a in advance

b ahead of

c above all

d right away

8 It was the driver’s ____ that caused him to step on the gas instead of the brake after his car went over the curb.

a fraud

b alarm

c terror

d panic

9 Danny left this ____ message on my answering machine: “I must see you. Meet me at twelve o’clock.” Did he mean noon or midnight?

a ambiguous

b responsible d implicit d thoughtful

10 We looked for a table to sit down, but they were all ____.

a reserved for

b engaged in

c use

d up d taken up

11 You should have put the milk into the ice box; I expect it ____ undrinkable.

a became

b had become

c has become

d becomes

12 It’s no good ___ him. He is always indifferent towards other’s matters.

a to turn to

b turning to

c turn to

d turned to

13 Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure ____.

a than more on efficiency

b and more on efficiency

c an

d mor

e efficiency d than efficiency

14 She always put her medication on the top of the shelf lest the children ____ it by mistake.

a took

b should take

c ha

d taken d would take

15 The earnings of women are well below that of men ____ educational differences that are diminishing between the two sexes.

a although

b though

c despite of

d in spit

e of

16 Heavy fog made the morning light ____.

a bright

b distorted

c dim

d filthy

17 The travel industry plays a major role in the ____ of business, recreation, and family life.

a sphere

b scales

c surplus

d surveys

18 He was dismissed for failing to ____ with the school regulations.

a accommodate

b comply

c compete

d apply

19 Some science students reach a high ____ of English competence in communication.

a level

b plane

c surface

d live

20 Everyone should be ____ innocent until it is proved that he is guilty.

a presumed

b assumed

c resume

d d consumed

21 The jury ____ the football star of having committed murder and he was sentenced to capital punishment.

a accused

b convicted

c charge

d d acquitted

22 If your first business goal is to make money, you should set the goal of how much money you expect to gain and then work ____.

a accordingly

b therefore

c nevertheless

d however

23 ____ the cultural revolution, he would have been a VIP in this field.

a In spite of

b Or else

c Because of

d But for

24 Xiao Wang is eager to go a broad to study architecture, but he hasn’t got a(n) ____ passport.

a valid

b efficient

c effective

d practical

25 The budget cuts will ____ the future of our children, as we will be forced to eliminate educational services.

a jeopardize

b hazard

c venture

d risk

26 No company will refuse to ____ so mutually beneficial a plan as Jack came up with at the meeting yesterday.

a put up with

b push on to

c fall in with

d mak

e up for

27 As a result, some children may not be ____ to the human suffering created by wars, or the sadness and anxiety other children experience as a result.

a sensitive

b sentimental

c sensible

d positive

28 This information will help you ____ with the President’s June 1, 1998 memo on plain language in g overnment writing.

a adhere

b comply

c dwell

d assimilate

29 There are many ways to excite, influence, and ____ students and one of the best techniques is the use of a discrepant event.

a merge

b motivate

c mediate

d mobilize

30 Within two hours his complexion ____ color and his limbs became warm.

a took on

b took to

c took up

d took down

CLOZE

Today the car is the most popular sort of transportation in all of the United States. It has completely 31____ the horse as a 32____ of everyday transportation. Americans use their car for 33____ 90% of all 34____ business. Most Americans are able to 35____ cars. The average price of a 36____ made car was, 50 in 1950, 470 in 1960 and up to 750 37____ 1975. During this period American car manufacturers set about 38____ their products and work efficiency. As a result, the yearly income of the 39____ family increased from 1950 to 1975 40____ than the price of the cars. For this reason 41____ a new car takes a smaller 42____ of a family’s t otal earnings today. In 1951 43____it took 8.1 months of an average family’s 44____ to buy a new car. In 1962 a new car 45____ 8.3 of a family’s annual earnings, by 1975 it only took 4.75 46____ income. In addition, the 1975cars were technically 47____ to models from previous years. The 48____ of automobile extends throughout the economy 49____ the car is so important to American. Americans spend more money 50____ keeping their cars running than on any other item.

31 a denied b reproduced c replaced d ridiculed

32 a means b mean c types d kinds

33 a hardly b nearly c certainly d somehow

34 a personal b personnel c manual d artificial

35 a buy b sell c race d see

36 a quickly b regularly c rapidly d recently

37 a on b in c before d after

38 a raising b making c reducing d improving

39 a unusual b smallest c average d biggest

40 a slower b equal c faster d less

41 a bringing b obtain c bought d purchasing

42 a part b half c number d quality

43 a clearly b proportionally c percentage d suddenly

44 a income b work c plans d debts

45 a used b spent c cost d needed

46 a month’s b year’s c family d year

47 a famous b superior c fastest d better

48 a running b notice c influence d affect

49 a then b as c so d which

50 a to b in c of d for

模拟试题九

GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY

1 ____ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown.

a Unpopular has as white been

b White has been as unpopular

c Unpopular has been as white

d Unpopular as whit

e has been

2 ____ for a long time, the fields are all dried up.

a There has been no rain

b Having no rain

c There having been no rain

d Ther

e being no rain

3 The millions of calculations involved, ____ by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished.

a had they been done

b they had been done