2020人教版中考语文复习资料大全

2020人教版中考语文复习资料大全
2020人教版中考语文复习资料大全

2020人教版中考语文复习资料大全

古诗词赏析

一、注意积累古诗词的背景知识

这些背景知识主要包括诗人的生平经历、思想感情、艺术风格等。掌握了这些内容,我们在鉴赏诗歌时就能对诗歌进行高屋见瓴的分析。如:李白愤世疾俗的人生、清新飘逸的风格;杜甫忧国忧民的人生、沉郁顿挫的风格;辛弃疾抗金复宋的大业,在气势雄伟的主调之外,也不乏婉转悱恻。王维诗含蓄生动,白居易诗雅俗共赏,李商隐诗清丽俊逸,李煜词颓靡伤感却又细腻感人,欧阳修词清丽明媚而又语近情深,柳永词缠绵悱恻,苏轼词雄健豪放,李清照词婉约凄切,陆游风格雄浑奔放,明朗流畅。

二、掌握几类常用的赏析术语

1、常见的意境:恬静优美、清幽明净、明丽清新、雄浑壮丽、壮阔苍凉、萧瑟凄凉、孤寂冷清、清冷幽静等。

2、常见的表现技巧:

(1)修辞手法:比喻、拟人、借代、夸张、对偶、排比、对比、双关、设问、反问等。

(2)描写手法主要有:托物言志、小中见大、动静结合、虚实相生、联想想像、正侧面结合、比较衬托、乐景写哀、欲扬先抑、象征、渲染、白描、用典等。

(3)抒情方式:直抒胸臆(开宗明义、开门见山、画龙点睛)、间接抒情(寓情于景、借景抒情、借事抒情)。

(4)语言风格:品味整首诗表现出来的语言风格,能用来答题的词语一般有:清新自然、朴实无华、明白晓畅、多用口语、华美绚丽、委婉含蓄、简练生动、雄浑豪放、沉郁顿挫。需要强调的是,用以上这些术语赏析诗词时,不能空洞,更不能一概而论,需“因诗而异”,根据各诗不同特点,结合相关诗句,有的放矢地进行赏析。

诗歌

一般说来,诗歌语言常见的有以下一些特点:

(1)清新。表现为语言新颖,不落俗套。如王维的《山居秋暝》就是如此。

(2)平淡。也称质朴。表现为使用白描,不加修饰,真切深刻而又平易近人,直接而明朗。如白居易的《村夜》:“霜草苍苍虫切切,村南村北行人绝。独出门前望野田,月明荞麦花如雪。”如画一般的山村之夜在作者的笔下如此宁静,如此祥和,而如此生动地展现出来。

(3)含蓄。指意在言外,或引而不发,或欲说还休。如杜牧的《将赴吴兴登乐游原一绝》:“清时有味是无能,闲爱孤云静爱僧。欲把一麾江海去,

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