单项选择精讲

《新课标》高三英语（人教版）第二轮复习专题讲座

第二讲单项选择

指导考生怎样做好高考单项选择题:

要从结构和语义两方面去分析题干，选出结构正确、意义完整的选项。对结构复杂的句子要用化简的方法找出句子的主干，对倒装句、疑问句、强调句等要利用还原句子结构的方法弄清结构；对省略句要用补全句子的方法弄清省略的成分。这样就能排除干扰，正确答题；另外，要学习常用情景的一些交际用语。

精讲精练:

1．_______, you can gently improve your spoken English in a short time.

A．On the way B．In this way C．By the way D．In the way

2．Without a sure supply of water, farming in that area remains at the _______of the weather.

A．disposal B．risk C．cost D．mercy

3．His composition was so confusi ng that I could hardly make any ________of it what’s over.

A．meaning B．message C．information D．sense

4．She had a guilty________ about not telling the police what had actually happened.

A．consciousness B．conscience C．consequence D．confusion

5．People like to shop in the supermarket because they are interested in the __________ of goods

on offer and can buy whatever they want.

A．price B．variety C．value D．amount

6．As we all know, the Internet will let people have ______ to huge amounts of information from their own homes.

A．entrance B．way C．means D．access

7．In the of proof , the police could not take action against the man .

A．lack B．shortage C．absence D．failure

8．—What about ____ book?

—It’s too difficult ____ book for beginners.

A．the; the B．a; a C．a; the D．the; a

9．As far as I know, they spent _______ winter of 1999 in _______ UK.

A．the… the B．/…/ C．the… / D．/… the

10．I wonder what it feels like to be one of ______ really rich. The Brows already have Rolls Royce and now they are buying________ thirD．

A．the; the B．不填; a C．the; a D．不填; the

11．—Do you feel like ________ there or shall we take a bus?

—I’d like to walk. But since there isn't much time left, I'd rather we________ a taxi.

A．walking; hire B．to walk; hire C．to walk; hired D．walking; hired 12．—Miss White has decided to explore in the forest by herself.

—She________ask her boyfriend to if she ________go walking in the forest.

A．needn't to; dares to B．doesn't need; dares

C．need not to; dare to D．needn't; dare

13．His failure in the exam suggested that he __________ the teacher’s instructions.

A．can’t have followed B．needn’t have followed

C．mustn’t have followed D．shouldn’t have fo llowed

14．No one ____ that to his face.

A．dares say B．dares saying C．dare say D．dare to say

15．—The research on the new bird flu virus vaccine is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job?

—____ my students have a try?

A．Shall B．Will C．Could D．Should

16．—Why do you look so worried?

—Fred left the company half an hour ago. His work _______ unfinished since.

A．left B．was left C．has left D．has been left

17．Salley________Beijing for Shanghai and________there ever since. You can go and pay her a visit on your way to Hangzhou.

A．has left; worked B．left; worked

C．has left; had worked D．left; has worked

18．I ____ to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldn’t get away.

A．was planning B．planned C．had planned D．would plan

19．We _______ on it for several hours but we have not yet reached any conclusion.

A．work B．are working C．have been working D．have been worked

20．—Why were you not at the concert?

—I________ a close game between two European football teams.

A．watched B．had watched C．was watching D．have been watching 21．—May I speak to your manager Mr.Williams at five o’clock tonight?

—I’m sorry. Mr. Williams ________ to a conference long before then.

A．will have gone B．had gone C．would have gone D．has gone

22．His letter was especially welcome as I ____ from him for long.

A．haven’t heard B．would not heard C．hadn’t heard D．didn’t heard

23．It seems oil from this pipe for some time, we’ll have to take the machine apart to put

it right.

A．had leaked B．is leaking C．leaked D．has been leaking

24．I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _____ the cloth _____ well.

A．have been told; washes B．have told; washes

C．was told; washed D．have been told; is washed

25．Hello. You 68442936. I’m sorry I’m unable to answer your call right now. A．reached B．are reaching C．have reached D．had reached

26．Some areas, ____ their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.

A．due to B．with regard to C．but for D．in spite of

27．Shortly after the book Uncle Tom's Cabin________, the Civil War of America________.

A．came about; broke away B．came out; broke out

C．came on; broke up D．came up; broke down

28．Today, when I think of my friend, I remember the way her face _____ when she saw the picture

of a handsome fellow.

A．cheered up B．shone up C．stood up D．lit up

29．— Oh, my God! So many students are coming out. How can you ____ your daughter? —That’s easy. My daughter is wearing a red skirt today.

A．get out B．find out C．take out D．pick out

30．The factory had to a number of employees because of economic decline in the country.

A．lay out B．lay off C．lay aside D．lay down

31．—What field will your son go into after graduation from Nanjing University?

—I’m not quite certain, but he ____ a good teacher of English.

A．promises B．becomes C．makes D．proves

32．—Watch!

—I ____ but ____ I ____ anything unusual.

A．tched; have watched B．have watched; am not seeing

C．was watching; wasn’t seeing D．am watching; don’t see

33．I am trying to be the kind of boss that the workers will .

A．live up to B．look up to C．watch out for D．put up with

34．I think Tom will _______ a good monitor, so I’m going to vote for him.

A．get B．grow C．make D．remain

35．The old couple decided to ____ a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own.

A．adapt B．bring C．receive D．adopt

36．A diligent work, however, does not necessarily much achievements or honor which are expected by someone.

A．take over B．result in C．hold on D．keep to

—How do you think I should receive the reporter?

— _______ you feel about him, try to be polite.

A．How B．What C．Whatever D．However

38．— What should I wear to attend his wedding party?

— Dress _______ you like.

A．what B．however C．whatever D．how

39．— May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?

—No, you can’t go out _______ your work is being done.

A．before B．until C．as D．the moment

40．He does so little work in the office that for all practical purposes it would make no difference _______ he didn’t come.

A．if B．when C．why D．whether

41．Asia has achieved more in controlling the bird flu than Europe in the past few years, _______ the number of people infected with the virus is going up sharply.

A．when B．that C．so that D．where

42．— Oh, life is so boring!

—Please don’t think so . I suppose you’ve come to the point _______ a change is needed.

A．where B．when C．which D．as

43．—I can’t find Mr Brown. Where did you meet him this morning?

—It was in the hotel _______ he stayed.

A．that B．which C．where D．when

44．The employers often give the job to _______ they believe have work experience with a strong sense of duty.

A．whoever B．whomever C．who D．those who

45．—Let’s go to a place _______ we can make a round—trip in one day?

—What about one _______ we can climb and swim?

A．to which; where B．where; where C．where; in whichD．in which; where

46．I don’t doubt ________ the plan will be well-conceived.

A．that B．whether C．why D．when

47．—Lucy doesn’t seem to be what she was.

—No. so much in the war has made her more thoughtful.

A．Seen B．Her seeing C．Having seen D．To have seen

48．twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.

A．Examining B．Examined C．Being examined D．Having been examined

49．It seemed a pity they ate it after all the trouble they had in

making it.

A．met B．shared C．taken D．made

50．We hope the building project will be completed as

soon as possible because a lot of citizens are complaining about the noises.

A．to be carried out B．carried out C．being carried out D．carrying out

51．I have no one ______ me, for I am a new comer here.

A．help B．helping C．to help D．to have helped

52．—Professor, do you have something _______ at this moment?

—No, thanks. I’ll c all you if any.

A．to be typed B．to type C．typing D．typed

53．No matter how frequently _____ ，the works of Shakespeare always attract large audiences．A．performing B．to be performed C．performed D．being performed 54．He narrowly missed being seriously hurt, if not______, by the explosion.

A．killed B．being killed C．be killed D．to be killed

55．You must follow the directions exactly, and if you should become_______ , you must take the time to go back again and read them over.

A．confused B．to be confused C．to confuse D．confusing

56．I’ll do whatever I can _________ my English.

A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．to improving

57．A new teachnique the yields as a whole increased by about 30 percent.

A．had applied B．having applied C．to have applied D．having been applied 58．Within industries，companies are always trying to develop products that are one step better than

_____ of other companies．

A．one B．that C．those D．all

59．His sudden look of fear made _____ clear that he had something to do with the matter. A．him B．this C．it D．that

60．The book is of great value. _______ can be enjoyed from it until you have a deep understanding

of it, however.

A．Nothing B．Few C．Something D．Much

61．— Have you got used to the Chinese food, Robert?

— Yes. But I don't like _____ when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I don't like. A．this B．that C．those D．it

62．Teenagers are warned to be careful when making friends online, because when you can’t see a

person, they could be __________.

A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody

63．Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between Mr. and Mrs. Brown without hurting the feeling

of , but failed .

A．none B．either C．both D．neither

64．The best job is which uses your skill in doing something with your interest in the subject.

A．that B．the one C．one D．it

65．His sudden look of fear made _____ clear that he had something to do with the matter．A．him B．this C．it D．that

66．Many people have been ill with a strange disease these days, _______ we’d never heard of before.

A．one B．that C．it D．this

67．—Why are yo always making such mistakes, Jack?

—Sorry. I think I was not ________ this morning.

A．myself B．for myself C．to myself B．by myself

68．— I saw no more than one motor—car in that shop. Will you go and buy _______?

—No, I’d rather find _______ in other shops.

A．one；one B．it；it C．one；it D．it；one

69．—I always close all the windows before I sleep.

—You’re right. You can not be too ____.

A．careful B．nervous C．careless D．hurried

70．—You know our manager has been in hospital for days?

— Yes. I wonder if he is ____ better now.

A．any B．some C．very D．too

71．—Are you satisfied with her work, sir?

—Not at all. It couldn’t be any _______.

A．better B．best C．worse D．worst

72．On the third floor there are two rooms, _____ is used as a meeting-room.

A．one of them B．the larger of which

C．and a larger of them D．the largest one of which

73．People are always on the go , so they spend their weekend on housework .

A．most B．almost C．mostly D．nearly

74．________had the worker who was badly injured in that accident stopped breathing and

died________ doctors arrived.

A．Almost; when B．Hardly; when C．Not; until D．Hardly; before

75．You might as well expect a river to flow backward ____ us carrying out the plan.

A．than stop B．as to stop C．as stop D．so as to stop

76．All Mr Jack _______ good to his students.

A．does; does; does B．does; does; do

C．does; did; do D．did; do; does

77．—Why not take my car to the museum instead of walking?

—No, thanks. ____.

A．I’m used to B．I’m able to C．I’m about to D．I’ve got to

78．_________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.

A．If it is not B．Were it not C．Had it not been D．If they were not 79．—Why not take my car to the museum instead of walking?

— No, thanks. ____.

A．I'm used to B．I’m able to C．I'm about to D．I've got to

80．There ____ no buses, we had to walk home after work yesterday.

A．was B．were C．being D．had

81．—He was nearly drowned in a pool.

—Oh, when was ___ exactly?

— It was in 1983 ____ he was swimming with his friends.

A．this; that B．that; when C．that; that D．what; when

82．—Are there any English story-books for us students in the library?

—There are only a few, _______________.

A．if any B．if some C．if many D．if much

参考答案及解析:

1．答案：B。in the way意为“用这中办法”。

2．答案：D．考查名词辨析与搭配。at the mercy of任凭…的摆布，完全受…的支配；at(或in)sb’s disposal任某人处理，供某人使用：I had no time at my own disposal. 我没有一点自由支配时间。at the risk of冒…的风险；at the cost of以…为代价。句意为：没有稳定的水源供应，那个地区的农业依然靠天吃饭。

3．答案：D．考查词语搭配。make sense of“理解，弄懂…的意思”：Children need to make sense of the worlD．儿童需要认识世界。与sense搭配其他常见词组：make sense讲得通，有意义；in a sense从某种意义上说；out of senses失去理智；与message搭配常见词组：get the message 领会，明白。句意为：他的作文思路混乱，我简直看不懂。

4．答案：B．考点形似名词辨析与搭配。a guilty(或bad)conscience内疚；其他相关词组：have sth. on one’s conscience为某事而内疚；in(all)conscience凭良心；的确，当然；consciousness“知觉，意识”；consequence“后果”；confusion“混淆，混乱”。句意为：她为没有把实情告诉警察而感到内疚。

5．答案：B。a ( good) knowledge of English是习语,"懂英语"。如果只知道knowledge 是不可数名词,而忽视了它的特殊用法,就会误选A项。

6．答案：D。have [gain, get, obtain] access to“得接近; 得会见; 得进入; 得使用”。

7．答案：C。in the absence of 缺少

8．答案：D。第一空为特指，第二空为泛指。

9．答案：A。具体某年的某个季节前要加定冠词；the UK表示“联合王国”即英国。

10．答案：C。the + adj. 结构the rich 富人a在这里表示“又一，再一”

11．答案：D。学生易死套would rather后跟动词原形这一语法规则,而忽略了would rather 后跟的是一个从句。此题的考查点是would rather接从句,从句中应用虚拟语气,即与现在事实相反从句中谓语动词用一

12．答案：D。本题考查need和dare作情态动词和实义动词的用法。

13．答案：A。can用于否定句和疑问句；肯定句中用may。

14.答案：C。dare敢，胆敢，竟敢，用在疑问、否定、条件句中，后接不带to的不定式，没有人称形式的变化，第三人称单数后不加“s”。本题为否定句，应该使用的形式为C，dare say。句意：没人敢当着他的面说那。

15．答案：A。本题考查情态动词shall在主语是第二、三人称时，作为征求意见的用法。16．答案：D。考查时态和语态。因句中有since所以要用完成时，又因空前主语是事情，所以要用被动。

17．答案：D。“离开北京到上海”是过去的动作。ever since常与现在完成时连用。

18．答案：C。考查时态。had planned发生called和couldn’t get away之前。

19．答案：C。考查时态。根据but后时态，可以判断出到现在还没有得出结论，有可能还要继续下去，所以要现在完成进行时。

20．答案：C。指“音乐会举行期间进行的动作”。

21．答案：A。考查时态。then指代at five o’clock，由语境可知是将来时间。将来完成时表示将来某时之间或某动作之前已经完成的动作。

22．答案：C。考查语境中的时态综合运用。从内容上看应为完成时，从所给信息看，应为过去时，这样就容易作出正确选择：过去完成时。

23．答案：D。“漏油”是从过去一直持续到现在的状况。

24．答案：A。考查时态和语态。动词wash，lock，sell，wear，read，open，shut，clean 等的主语如果是物，且表示主语的特性或品质时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。

25．答案：C。指过去到现在的动作。

26．答案：A。考查词组辨析。due to由于，应归于；with regard to关于；but for要不是，起连词的作用；in spite of不管。题中所涉及的是原因，A为正确答案。句意：因为天气恶劣，一些地区人口稀少。

27．答案：B。came out表示"(图书)出版、发行";break out表示"(战争、灾难)突然爆发"。28．D。考查短语动词词义辨异。lit up 意为“高兴起来”, 其主语常为face等; cheer up意为“感到振奋,高兴起来”，其主语一般为人。

29．答案：D。pick out“认出”。

30．答案：B。lay off作“解雇”讲。lay out 布置，安排，设计;lay aside把……放在一起；lay down 放下。

31．答案：A。本题考查动词在具体语境中的意义。promise在此处的意思为“预示会成为”，其他三个选项的动词意义与本题语境不符。

32．答案：D。考查动词。watch表示观看的过程，see指看的结果，表示看见了、看清楚了。33．答案：B。look up to尊敬；live up to达到；符合；不辜负（他人的期望）；watch out for 当心；put up with容忍。

34．答案：C。考查动词词义辨析。make a good monitor“（有条件）成为一位好班长”。35．答案：D。adopt作“收养”讲。adapt适应，常构成adapt to。

36．答案：B。result in相当于cause。take over接替；接管；接收；hold on抓紧，不放松；别挂断；keep to遵守诺言等。

答案：D。however引导让步状语从句。在从句中作feel的表语。句意为“不管你觉得他怎么，

尽量礼貌的对他。”本题易误选C。

38．答案：B。dress后面不能跟物，dress sb.；however you like相当于in whatever way you like,根据语境，可以看出应选B。本题受思维定式的影响易误选C。

39．答案：C。本题易误选B。根据后面的…is being done可以看出“因为你正在做作业，所以不能出去。”其他选项不符合句意。

40．答案：A。本题易误选D。根据句意“他在工作中是一个不足以轻重的人，所以如果他不来也不会有什么影响”，可以看出if符合逻辑。

41．答案：D。本题易误选A。where引导的是非限制性定语从句，以说明欧洲在控制the bird flu病毒方面的情况，从而与亚洲形成对比。

42．答案：A。本题易误选B。此处的point意为“特定的情况或地方”，关系副词where引导定语从句修饰point。

43．答案：C。本题易误选A。显然he stayed是定语从句修饰the hotel。强调句应是It was in the hotel where he stayed that I met him this morning. 提示：注意与强调句的区别。

44．答案：D。本题易误选A。注意空后have的主语必须是复数，由此可排除A，whomever 不能作主语。who含有疑问，所以D符合语法和语境。

45．答案：A。本题易误选C。根据make a …trip to…搭配，可以看出第一空填to；第二空where引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，用来说明climb和swim的地点。

46．答案：A。doubt后可以接that，whether或if：whether一般引导一个间接问句，所以当主语所代表的人确实不知如何选择判断时，传统上就用whether，例如： Sue has studied so much philosophy this year that she’s begun to doubt whether she exists. 今年苏钻研哲学下了不少功夫，现在她都开始怀疑自己是否存在了。而当doubt用来低调表示“不相信，不信任”之意的时候，则用that，例如：I doubt that we’ve seen the last of that problem.我不相信我们完全解决了那个问题。另外，在否定句及疑问句中，当doubt后的从句所作陈述被认为是真时，用that，例如本题。句意：我相信这计划会被充分领会。

47．答案：B。本题易误选C。her seeing在句子中作主语，故只能用动名词，不能用分词。48．答案：C。本题易误选B。考查动名词的用法，名中whether it is a car…为让步状语从句，is 为系词，故少主语。A、B、C、D中只有C可作主语表被动。

49．答案：C。本题易误选B和D。考查搭配，take great trouble in doning sth.意为“费力干某事”。

50．答案：C。本题易误选A、B。句子结构是：we hope后面是一个宾语从句。主句是the building project will be complete as soon as possible，再后面是一个原因状语从句。中间应该做定语来修饰the building project。carry out是完成、执行的意思。在本题中我们可以看到市民抱怨的是噪音的巨大，所以工程己经开始了，并且正在进行。同时carry out 跟修饰语是动宾关系。

51．答案：C。本题易误选A。根据句意可知空白处的非谓语是作定语，是have sb./ sth. to do 结构,要区别开have(使…) sB．do sth.结构。

52．答案：A。本题易误选B和D。B项的执行者应是secretary而不是professor；动词不定式常与即将完成的动作相联，所以CD错。

53．答案：C。

54．答案：A。if not=if he was not killed，省略了与前面相同的成分。

55．答案：A。“become+adj.”表“变成某一状态”之意。sb be confused某人被弄得糊涂了。56．答案：B。此处是不定式表目的状语。Can后省略了和主语相同的部分（do）。

57．答案：D。句意为：“由于采用了新工艺，产量总体上增加了百分之二十。”本题考查独立主格结构。a new technique在逻辑上它是非谓语动词apply 的逻辑宾语，而本句的非谓语

动词的动作又发生在谓语动词之前，所以应用having been applied。句子的完整形式是：Because a new technique had been applied，the yields as a whole increased by about 30 percent.。

58．答案：C。

59．C。it做形式宾语。

60．答案：A。

61．答案：D。it 指代一种情况eg. I hate it when you talk to me with your mouth full of food . 62．答案：C。anybody任何人

63．答案：B。either指两者中的任何一个。

64．答案：C。one表泛指，相当于any job之意。

65．答案：C。it做形式宾语。

66．答案：A。考查代词。One表泛指，在这里作a strange disease的同位语。

67．答案：A。上句的be always making表示责备对方，因此是答话人在解释出错的原因。Be not oneself的意思是“身体不舒适；自我感觉不好”。

68．答案：D。考查代词．No more than one表示＂只有一步车＂，只能买那一部，故第一空填it；第二空表泛指，用one。

69．答案：A。too careful…to do…“俞…俞好”。too eager / ready / glad / willing to do sth. 非常想干某事The boy is too eager to get a geography book.

70．答案：A。考查副词。any可用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级。

71．答案：C。否定＋比较级＝最高级。

72．答案：B。两间房间所以用比较级不用最高级，排除D。A前加and，C中必须用the 73．答案：C。be on the go 非常繁忙mostly 几乎全部，多半

74．答案：B。构成固定句式:hardly... when...相当于no sooner... than... ,表示"一……就……",hardly,no sooner置于句首时要用部分倒装。

75．答案：C。考查惯用法。might as well do...as do...是一个句型，表示“做……与（做）……一样”。

76．答案：B。第一个does是Mr Jack does是定语从句；第二个does是加强语气用的；第三个do是all的谓语。

77．答案：A。考查惯用法。本句中的be used to意为“习惯于某事”，后面省略了walking。78．答案：C。从句中省略了if，要倒装。

79．答案：A。考查惯用法。本句中的be used to意为“习惯于某事”，后面省略了walking。80．答案：C。考查独立主格结构。There be句型的独立主格结构作原因状语。

81．答案：B。That，it都指那件事第二句补充完整为He was nearly drowned in 1983 when he was swimming with his friends.

82．答案：A。if any 是if there are any books的省略句，意思是说“如果有任何书的话，也只有几本”。