【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结(1)

【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结(1)
【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结(1)

必备英语【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结

一、定语从句

1.—Do you know the boy over there?

—The one is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil.

A.what B.which C.who D.不填

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你认识那边那个男孩吗?——那个拿着球的人?哦,他是我的邻居菲尔。本题考查定语从句。A. what什么;B. which哪一个;C. who谁。what引导的是主语,表语和宾语从句。what不能引导定语从句。因为定语从句是形容词性质的。而what所引导的是名词性从句。两者结构不同。所以排除A;分析句子The one is holding a ball? 的结构可知,本题缺少的是主语,且关系词在定语从句中做主语,不能省略。故选项D不对;我们知道:who 的先行词是人,which的先行词是物。本题的The one是指上文的the boy over there,指人的先行词,因此应该用who来引导。故选C。

2.The green tea _____ grows in South China is quite popular in China.

A.which B.when C.where

【答案】A

【解析】试题分析:句意:在中国南部生长的绿茶在中国非常受欢迎。which 引导定语从句的关系代词,先行词是物,which在定语从句中做主语或宾语;when关系副词,指时间;where 关系副词,指地点。根据句意可知,这里定语从句的先行词是The green tea,并且定语从句中缺少主语,故应选A。

考点:考查定语从句的关系代词。

3.— What are you doing, Tim?

— I am listening to the song Long Live _______ makes me feel excited.

A.which B.who C./

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:-- Tim,你在做什么?--我在听歌曲Long Live,它使我感觉很兴奋。这里先行词是the song Long Live,是物;定语从句缺少的是句子的主语,关系词不能省略。which指物,故选A。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

4.They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food _________ will help dog owners cool down their pets.

A.who B.what C.which D.whether

【答案】C

【解析】

考查定语从句的引导词。句意“他们想研制一种对狗有好处的狗粮,这种狗粮会帮助狗的主人安定他们的宠物。”先行词food指物,排除who;what不能引导定语从句;which指物。故选C。

5.﹣Look!This is the photo I took in Beijing World Gardening Expo(世界园艺博览会)in 2019.

﹣Wow,so great!

A.what B.who C.where D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:—看!这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会拍的照片。

考查定语从句的关系代词,what不用在定语从句中,who先行词为人,在从句中作主语或者宾语,where先行词为地点,在从句中作状语,that先行词为人或物,在从句中做主语或宾语,the photo为先行词,从句中缺宾语,句意理解为﹣﹣看!这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会上拍的照片.﹣﹣哇,很不错.故选D。

6.—Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree ___ waiting in a line?

—They are the students from No. 1 Primary School.

A.that are B.where are C.which is D.who is

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?——他们是来自第一小学的学生。

考查定语从句。根据句意:﹣弗兰克,你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁?﹣他们是来第一小学的学生.可知先行词是children,指人,作主语,故选代词用who/that;children是复数,系词用are,故选A。

7.“What are you doing?” “We are talking about the books and writers ___ we like.”

A.that B.which C.who D.whom

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:“你们在做什么?我们在谈论我们喜欢的书籍和作家。”。考查定语从句的引导词用法。本句的定语从句的先行词是book书和writer人,所以关系代词用that,故选A。

【点睛】

定语从句中用that不用which的情况有:1)当先行词是all, everything, something, nothing,

anything等不定代词时;2)当先行词前面有序数词或者形容词最高级作定语修饰时;3)先行词既有人也有物时;4)当先行词前面有the very,the only修饰时。

8. ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?

---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.

A.he B.that

C.whom D.which

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:-和我们的英语老师说话的那个人是谁?-哦,是Baker先生,我们的数学老师。根据句意可知,这里考查的是定语从句。he只是一个代词,不能引导从句;which 引导定语从句时,先行词应是物,但是这里的先行词是the man,指的是人;whom引导定语从句时,先行词是人,在定语从句中做宾语,但是现在从句中缺少主语,因此whom也不行。故选that,that 引导定语从句时,先行词可以是人也可以是物,在从句中可以做主语和宾语。

考点:考查关系代词。

9.-Have you got ready for the soccer game?

-Yes,I've done everything ___________ I can to win the game.

A.who B.that C.which

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你准备好参加足球比赛了吗?——是的,我已经尽我所能来赢得比赛。本题考查定语从句的连接词,who的先行词是人,that的先行词是人或物,which的先行词是物。当先行词是不定代词时,只能用that,不能用which,故答案为B。

【点睛】

引导定语从句的关系代词有:that(指人或物),which(指物),who(指人)。指人时可用that或who,指物时可用that或which,但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种:

当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如:

Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?

All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。

当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:

That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。

The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。

当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如:

My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。

当王句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that,不用which或who。以避免重复。例如:

Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁?

)当先行词既有人又有物时,用that不用which。例如:

The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。

10.According to the survey, women ________drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater cha nce of having heart disease than ________who don’t.

A. who; that B. /; these

C. who; those D. / ; /

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意为:据调查,每天喝超过两杯咖啡的女人比那些不喝咖啡的女人患心脏疾病的机会大得多。根据语境可知,本题考查的是定语从句的引导词和代词的用法。在定语从句中,引导词由先行词而定,who的先行词指人。此外,这里指的是“喝咖啡与不喝咖啡的那些女人”的比较,代词应用those,表示同名同物,故应选C。

考点:考查引导词和指示代词的用法。

11.The book ___ I read last night was fantastic.

A.that B.what C.whose D.who

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行词是人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whose先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语;D. who先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词book指物,用that来引导,故答案为A。

【点睛】

在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮

忙。

3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。4)关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

12. -- In a text message, 88 means Bye-bye.

-- And another example is F2F______ stands for face to face.

A.that B.who C.whom D.it

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:在短信中,88的意思是再见。——在另一个例子是F2F表示面对面.结合语境可知下文先行词F2F做下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故引导词用that,选A。

考点:考查定语从句

13.The only language ____ is easy to learn is mother tongue.

A.which B.that C./ D.it

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:唯一的容易学的语言就是母语。先行词language在定语从句中作主语,由于它前面有修饰语only,所以只能用关系代词that,不能用which,因此选B。

考点:考查定语从句。

14.This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday.

A.which B.what C.whose D.whom

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。这里是定语从句,先行词是为物时用which;what不能引导定语从句;先行词指人时用who;当先行词为物主代词时用whose。本题先行词为dictionary,字典是物,所以用关系词which。故选A。

15.Linda will never forget the words her father told her.

A.that B.who C.where D.what

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:Linda将永远不会忘记她父亲告诉她的这些话。that关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词可以为人或物;who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词为人;where是关系副词,引导

定语从句,在从句中作地点状语;what什么,常引导名词性从句,不能引导定语从句。根据句子结构可知,这里是一个定语从句,修饰空前的the words,指物,且在从句中作宾语,故应选A。

16.The We Chat is an invention can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feelings freely.

A.which B.who C.whose D./

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:微信是可以帮助人们和朋友自由地聊天,分享照片,想法和感觉。这是一个定语从句,先行词是物invention,关系词可以用which或者that,但是先行词在从句做主语,that不可以省略。故选A。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

17.Du Fuguo is a hero is known to millions of Chinese people.

A.who B.which C.what

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意“杜富国是一个许多中国人都知道的英雄”。本题考查定语从句。A.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.定语从句中关系词没有what。先行词为a hero,指人,在从句中作主语,故选A。

【点睛】

做定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。

18.The young lady _________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.

A.what B.whose C.who D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:昨天我们见到的那位年轻的女士是我们的新数学老师。这里是定语从句,先行词是The young lady,这里关系词用who,在定语从句中做宾语,根据题意,故选C。

19.I have some information about the astronauts _______ is helpful to you.

A.who B.what C.that D.whose

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:我有些关于宇航员的信息对你有帮助。这里是定语从句,先行词是information是物,关系词用that,在句中做主语。先行词是人关系词用who;whose在定语从句中做定

语。根据题意,故选C。

点睛:1.that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略.而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置

20.—What kind of TV shows do you prefer?

—I like the ones ________ make me laugh.

A.who B.whom C.that D.what

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:--你喜欢哪种电视节目?--我喜欢那种使我笑的节目。________ make me laugh 是定语从句。A. who是定语从句的关系代词,指人的;在句中作主语; B. whom是定语从句的关系代词,指人的;在句中作宾语;C. that是定语从句的关系代词,指人或物;在句中作主语或宾语; D. what不能引导定语从句。故排除D;第二句中的the ones代替前面出现的名词电视节目,指物,故排除AB;故选C。

点睛:考查定语从句。首先分析句子是否是定语从句。看选项有哪个可以作关系词,what 不能引导定语从句。再次根据先行词指人还是指物,找对应的关系词。

21.Is this factory _______ you visited the other day?

A.in which B.which C.where D.the one

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:这个工厂是你前几天参观的那个工厂吗?我们可以先把这个句子变成陈述句:This

Factory is _______ you visited the other day.很显然这是考查定语从句,题干中缺少先行词the factory我

们可用the one代替。故选D。

考点:考查定语从句。

22.A graduation ceremony is a custom takes place students graduate from a school. A.which; when B.that; who C.which; whose D.that; which

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:毕业仪式就是当学生们从学校毕业时,举行的一个习惯仪式。结合语境可知前文先行词custom为下文定语从句的逻辑主语,指物,故引导词用that或者which。下文从句内容为前文动作发生的逻辑时间状语,故引导词用when,当……时候,选A。

考点:英语从句

23.--Do you know the boys_______ playing football on the playground?

--Yes,They are all from Class 1.

A.who are

B.who is

C.that is

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:——你知道那个在操场上踢足球的男孩子吗?——知道。他们都来自一班。考查定语从句。先行词为boys,关系词who, that 都可以;先行词在从句中作主语,因此谓语和它保持一致,用复数。故选A。

24.That 指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。

The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。

Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿?

25.Paul’s uncle is the man taught us Chinese last year.

A.where B.which C.who

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:保罗的叔叔是那个去年教我们中文的人。本题考查定语从句的用法,根据先行词是人,可知关系词用who。故选C。

考点:考查定语从句的关系词。

26.Do you know the man_______ gave out food a few days ago?

A.who B.which C.whose D.whether

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:你认识那个几天前分发食物的男士吗?这里是定语从句。A. who引导定语从句,先行词是指人的;在定语从句中做宾语或主语; B. which 引导定语从句,先行词是指物的;在定语从句中做宾语或主语; C. whose引导定语从句,先行词是指人或指物的;在定语从句中做定语; D. whether是否。不能引导定语从句。The man先行词,是指人的,故选A。

27.The photo ________ taken by my brother last week is very nice.

A.which B.that is C.that were D.which was

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:上周被我弟弟拍的那张照片非常好看。此题考查定语从句。根据句意,应选D。

考点:考查定语从句。

28.Carla can’t s tand the boy ___ often plays jokes on her in front of the whole class. A.which B.who C.what D.whom

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:Carla无法忍受那个经常在全班面前取笑她的那个男孩。which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语或宾语;who引导定语从句修饰人,作主语或宾语;what引导名词性从句,作主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语。此处先行词boy表示人,在定语从句中作主语,故用who引导定语从句。故选B。

29.I’d like to tell you the table manners ________ you should know when you visit South Korea this summer holiday.

A.what B.who C.which D.why

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我想告诉你当你访问韩国时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。what 什么;Which 哪一个;who谁;why为什么。先行词table manners在定语从句中作宾语,可用关系代词which代替。所以选C。

考点:考查定语从句的连接词。

30.When Robinson got to the island,the first thing _________he did was to look for some food.

A.who B.which C.that D.What

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:当鲁滨逊?克鲁索到达岛上时,他做的第一件事就是寻找一些食物。本题考查定语从句。先行词指物且被序数词first修饰,故只能选用关系词that。因此C项正确。

考点:考查定语从句。

31.——What happened over there?.

——Some people rushed over to help the man ___ car had broken down.

A.whom B.where C.which D.whose

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:—那边发生了什么事?—一些人冲过去帮助那个车坏了的人。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查定语从句的用法,先行词the man在定语从句中作的是定语,所以关系词用whose,故选D。

考点:考查定语从句的用法

32.—Why don't you like fishing?

—Fishing is a hobby____needs much patience,but I'm not patient at all.

A.that B.who C.whom D.Where

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:——你为什么不喜欢钓鱼?——钓鱼是一项需要许多耐心的爱好,但是我一点耐心都没有。本题考查定语从句。先行词 hobby (爱好)指事物,关系代词应用that 或which.故选A项。

考点:考查定语从句的用法

33.Wechat(微信) is an invention can help people talk to friends ,share photos ,ideas and feelings.

A.what B.who C.which

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:微信是能帮助人们和朋友交谈,自由地分享照片,想法,感受的一种发明。根据先行词是invention,所以引导词用that,或这which. 故选C。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

34.We all enjoy reading the story _______ has a happy ending.

A.who B.whom C.that D.what

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我们都喜欢读有一个幸福结局的故事。这里是定语从句,先行词是the story,是物,关系词用that和which, 先行词是人用who来引导。先行词是人,关系词whom在句中作宾语。根据题意,故选C。

【点睛】

当关系代词指人时,关系代词既可用who,也可以用that.但在以下情况用who.

1.当先行词是persons,people,those时.例如:

Those who are for my plan ,please put up your hands.同意我的计划的人请举手.

Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.好争者被轻视.

2.当先行词是he,one,all,any,they等时,例如:

He who has not reached the Great Wall isn't a true man.不到长城非好汉.

All who had seen this film were moved.看过这部电影的人都受感动.

3.在非限定性定语从句中用who.例如:

I want him,who knows some English and French.我要他,他懂得些英语和法语.

I will pardon you,who are honest.我愿意宽恕你,你是诚实的.

4.在强调句型中多用who,在口语中who可以省略.例如:

I think it is you who should come here tomorrow.我认为你明天应该来这儿.

It is he who can do this work.只有他能够干此工作.

在以下情况多用that.例如:

5.当关系代词在从句中作表语时用that.例如:

She is not the woman that she used to be.她已经不是过去的她了.

China is not the country that it used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了.

35.I still remember the mountain schools and teachers ________ we visited last year. A.where B.who

C.that D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:我仍然记得我们去年参观过的山区学校和老师们。根据句意可知,这里是一个定语从句。where引导定语从句时,先行词是地点,where在从句中作地点状语;who 引导定语从句时,先行词是人;which引导定语从句时,先行词是物。从句先行词是the mountain and the teachers,既有人,也有物,这时定语从句的关联词应该使用that,在从句中作visited的宾语,故答案选C。

点睛:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。关系代词在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语;关系副词在定语从句中做状语。

初中英语知识点总结重点要看的

初中复习资料 目录英语词组总结for 和1.比较since 的四种用法2.since 延续动词与瞬间动词3. 重点部分提要词汇一. 单词⑴ 2冠词a / an / the: 3.some和any 4.family 5. little的用法 三. 语法 1. 名词所有格 2. 祈使句 1.英语构词法汇 2.英语语法汇总及练习 第1讲:名词 第2讲:代词 第3讲:形容词

第4讲:副词 第5讲:动词 第6讲:不定式 第7讲介词 第8讲:连词 第9讲:时态一 第10讲:时态(二) 第11讲:动词语态 第12讲:句子种类(一) 第13讲:句子的种类(二) 讲:宾语从句14第 第15讲:状语从句There be句型与中考试题第17讲ABC 被动语态复习第18讲 【初中英语词组总结】1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 (比较级and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)

4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道,伴随……eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…(直接接想要的东西) 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 14 at the beginning of …………的起初;……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心,自信 18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原)能够…… 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕……

初中英语定语从句的用法解析

初中英语定语从句的用法解析 【摘要】定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导(1)。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句,但对初中生来说,定语从句既是一个重点,也是一个难点。 【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后,而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如: The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂,有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系(2)。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词在句中作状语。如: I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. (主语) 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词 那个是他的母亲,名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词 那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。 三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人(也可用that),在定语从句中作主语,也可作宾语。如: Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. (主语) 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。 注意:关系代词who指人,作宾语时,可用whom代替;作宾语时,关系代词可省略。作其它成分,关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人,也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today. 其母亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她。 I have a story book whose cover is red. 我有一本封面是红色的故事书。 3. which指物(也可用that),在定语从句中作主语,也可作宾语。如: Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. (主语) 足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动。 I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game. (宾语)

初中英语语法大全知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词 或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间 接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如: He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如:

初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套

初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套) 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with h im

初中英语全部知识点总结

初一年级(上) 【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语 1. Sit down 2. on duty 3. in English 4. have a seat 5. at home 6. look like 7. look at 8. have a look 9. come on 10. at work 11. at school 12. put on 13. look after 14. get up 15. go shopping II. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth. 2. What abo ut… 3. Let’s do sth. 4. It’s time to do sth. 5. It’s time for … 6. What’s… It is…/ It’s… 7. Where is… It’s…. 8. How old are you I’m….9. What class are you in I’m in…. 10. Welcome to…. 11. What’s …plus… It’s…. 12. I think… 13. Who’s this This is…. 14. What can you see I can see…. 15. There is (are) …. 16. What colour is it (are they) It’s (They’re)… 17. Whose …is this It’s…. 18. What time is it It’s…. III. 交际用语 1. Good morning, Miss/Mr…. 2. Hello! Hi! 3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. 4. How are y ou I’m fine, thank you/thanks. And you 5. See you. See you later. 6. Thank you! You’re welcome. 7. Goodbye! Bye! 8. What’s your name My name is …. 9. Here you are. This way, please. 10. Who’s on duty today 11. Let’s do. 12. Let me see. IV. 重要语法 1. 动词be的用法; 2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法;

初中英语所有知识点复习大全

初中英语知识大全 第一课时名词 一、概述 1、名词的属性:表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。 2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。普通名词是表示某一类人或事物,或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。如:teacher, desks, plates, milk, box等,专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专用的名称。(运用)如:China, Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic等。(专有名词的第一个字母要大写) 二、可数名词与不可数名词 1、可数名词是指表示人或事物,可以用数来计量的名词,有单复数之分。如:glass-----glasses; book---- books 2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。 如:paper, rice, water , milk, tea等。 3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。 Light travels faster than sound; (light:光线,不可数) The lights are on. (light:灯,可数) 4、不可数名词的量的表示 不可数名词一般无法用数来计算,前面不能用a或an或数词来表示数量,它的量往往借助于容器来表示。 如:a glass of milk ------ four glasses of milk a piece of paper ------ two pieces of paper a bag of rice ------ three bags of rice 三、可数名词的复数形式(识记、运用) 1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分,单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 2、少数名词有不规则的变化形式

(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版

初中英语定语从句讲解及练习(教师版) 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等; 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。2,代替先行词。3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人,在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时,相当于who 或者whom;指物时,相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意:1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如:look for, look after, take care

初中7-9年级英语知识点归纳汇总

初中英语知识归纳总结(打印版) 第一课时名词 一、概述 1、名词的属性:表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。 2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。普通名词是表示某一类人或事物,或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。如:teacher, desks, plates, milk, box等,专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专用的名称。(运用)如:China, Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic等。(专有名词的第一个字母要大写) 二、可数名词与不可数名词 1、可数名词是指表示人或事物,可以用数来计量的名词,有单复数之分。如:glass-----glasses; book---- books 2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。 如:paper, rice, water , milk, tea等。 3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。 Light travels faster than sound; (light:光线,不可数) The lights are on. (light:灯,可数) 4、不可数名词的量的表示 不可数名词一般无法用数来计算,前面不能用a或an或数词来表示数量,它的量往往借助于容器来表示。 如:a glass of milk ------ four glasses of milk a piece of paper ------ t wo pieces of paper a bag of rice ------ t hree bags of rice 三、可数名词的复数形式(识记、运用) 1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分,单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 规则变化 2、少数名词有不规则的变化形式 policeman---policemen; man---men; woman---women; tooth---teeth; foot---feet; sheep---sheep; deer---deer; Japanese--- Japanese; Chinese --- Chinese; fish --- fish 四、名词所有格(运用) 名词的所有格是表示所有关系的形式,它也有构成上的变化。 1、单数名词变所有格,只需在词尾加’ s; 2、复数名词的词尾已有s,只需加’即可; 3、复数名词的词尾若没有s ,则应加’ s ; 4、如果表示某人或物为两人所共有,则在第二个人后面加’ s ; 如:Da Mao and Xiao Mao’s room 如果不是两人共有,则在每个人后面都加’ s; 如:Li Lei’s and Tom’s mother 5、名词所有格结构通常用于表示有生命的名词,或表示时间、距离、地点等,而表示无生命名词的所有关系则用“of”表示。 如: the windows of house the picture of the family

初中英语语法知识点总结

英语语法大全 初中英语语法学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .

10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

初中英语定语从句总结(精辟)

1.定语从句: 1) 定语从句的定义 在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代 词who(宾格whom,所有格whose),that, which 和关系副词where, when, why 等。 The boy who is wearing a black coat bought a dictionary yesterday. The noodles that(which)my mother cooked were delicious. The school where I learned judo was very large. I remember the day when our band was formed. I don’t know the reason why she got so angry this morning. 2) 定语从句的种类:定语从句可以分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。 (1)限定性定语从句:它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切,书写时不可用逗号分开。如果关系代词在限定性定语从句中作宾语,关系代词通常可以省略。 Do you know the girl who just came in? Shanghai is a city(that)I’ve always wanted to visit. Her sister married a man (who/whom/that) she met on a plane. The time when I first met Mr. White was a very difficult period of my life. (2)非限定性定语从句:它只是对先行词作附加补充说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切,书写 时往往用逗号分开。非限定性定语从句一般不用that 引导,而且不可以省略关系词。 The old woman, who lives on her own, has a cat for company. Lori is going to marry Mark, whom she does not love. Beijing, which is the capital city of China, is a very beautiful city. 3) 关系代词的用法:在定语从句中,关系代词起着连接主句与从句,指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。关系代词的选用取 决于主句中的先行词以及关系代词在从句中作何种成分。 一.关系代词who, whom 的用法 (1)who 可以代替人(即它的先行词必须是人),在从句中担任主语,往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom,但它的前面不能有介词,如果带介词则必须用宾格whom,即“介词+whom”. E.g. Jonny is a person who always has novel ideas. The girl who the first prize in the contest is from Zhejiang. The person who/whom you just talked to is Mr. Depp. ---The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Depp. (介词to提到定语从句前,只能用whom.) We’ll go to the hospital to see the patients, most of whom are children. (whom 前常用表示数量的词none/neither/both/each/all of…) (2)在定语从句中,who, that 指人时可以通用,但在下列情况下用who,而不用that. A) 先行词是one, ones, anyone 时,宜用who. One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth. The ones who flatter me don’t please me. Anyone who laughs last laughs best. Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized. B) 先行词为those 时,宜用who. Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. No words are strong enough to express our thanks to those who worked hard to rescue survivors in the earthquake. C) 当先行词有较长的后置定语时,宜用who. I met a girl in the street yesterday who grew up in Yunnan province. D) 一个句子中带有两个定语从句时,其中一个定语从句的关系代词时that,另一个宜用who. E.g. The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard. E) 在there be 开头的句子中,事宜用who. There is a young man who wants to see your father. There was a king who was kind to his people. There are many old men who are against this plan. 二.关系代词whose 的用法:关系代词whose 是关系代词who 的所有格形式,它既可以代人,也可以代物。当whose 代物时,相当于of which. Whose 引导的定语从句既可以是限定性定语从句,也可以是非限定性定语从句。 Do you know Peter whose father happens to be working in your company? The tourist wanted to book a room whose window faces south.

初中英语知识点归纳汇总

初中英语知识归纳总结 第一课时名词 一、概述 1、名词的属性:表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。 2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。普通名词是表示某一类人或事物,或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。如:teacher, desks, plates, milk, box等,专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专用的名称。(运用)如:China, Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic等。(专有名词的第一个字母要大写) 二、可数名词与不可数名词 1、可数名词是指表示人或事物,可以用数来计量的名词,有单复数之分。如:glass-----glasses; book---- books 2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。 如:paper, rice, water , milk, tea等。 3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。 Light travels faster than sound; (light:光线,不可数) The lights are on. (light:灯,可数) 4、不可数名词的量的表示 不可数名词一般无法用数来计算,前面不能用a或an或数词来表示数量,它的量往往借助于容器来表示。 如:a glass of milk ------ four glasses of milk a piece of paper ------two pieces of paper a bag of rice ------three bags of rice 三、可数名词的复数形式(识记、运用) 1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分,单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 规则变化 policeman---policemen; man---men; woman---women; tooth---teeth; foot---feet; sheep---sheep; deer---deer; Japanese--- Japanese; Chinese --- Chinese; fish --- fish 四、名词所有格(运用) 名词的所有格是表示所有关系的形式,它也有构成上的变化。 1、单数名词变所有格,只需在词尾加’ s; 2、复数名词的词尾已有s,只需加’即可; 3、复数名词的词尾若没有s ,则应加’ s ; 4、如果表示某人或物为两人所共有,则在第二个人后面加’ s ; 如:Da Mao and Xiao Mao’s room 如果不是两人共有,则在每个人后面都加’ s; 如:Li Lei’s and Tom’s mother 5、名词所有格结构通常用于表示有生命的名词,或表示时间、距离、地点等,而表示无生命名词的所有关系则用“of”表示。 如: the windows of house the picture of the family

初中英语重点知识归纳

Unit 1 重点知识归纳 Where’s your pen pal from? 一、重点词汇 1.澳洲,澳大利亚n. 2.日本n. 3.加拿大n. 4.法国n. 5.国家n 6.语言n. 7.居住v. 8.世界n. 9.日语,日本人n. 10.法国人,法语n. 11.任何一个,无论哪个adj. 二、重点短语 1.来自 2.笔友 3.一点儿 4.给…写信 三、重点句型 1.-- 你的笔友来自哪里?-- 来自美国。 2. 3. Where’s the post office? 一、重点词汇 1.餐馆,饭店n. 2.图书馆n. 3.超级市场n. 4.银行n. 5.公园n. 6.街,街道n. 7.中央,中心n. 8.邮件,邮政n. 9.桥n. 10.向左,左边adv. & n. 11.向右,右边adv. & n 12.房子,住宅n. 13.(菜,花)园n. 14.散步,步行n. 15.开始n. 16.旅行,游历n. 17.地方,地点n. 18.向下,下去,沿着adv.& prep. 19.出租车,的士,计程车n. 20.私人飞机,小型民用机场n. 21.开着的,营业中的adj. 22.清洁的,干净的adj. 23.宁静的adj. 24.肮脏的adj. 25.享受…的乐趣,欣赏v. 26.穿过,通过prep. 27.如果(表条件)conj. 28.饥饿的adj. 29.到达,抵达v. 30.通过v. 31.希望,盼望,期待v. 二、重点短语 1.邮局 2.投币式公用电话 3.在…对面 4.在…前面(外部) 5.紧挨着,在…旁边 6.在临近地区 7.散步,步行 8.玩得高兴,过得愉快 9.去…的路 10.到达 三、重点句型 1.-- 附近有银行吗?-- 是的,有。/不,没有。 2. 3.哪一条路是去超市的路? 4.我怎么才能到达红星旅馆? 5.沿着大桥街走,在第二个十字路口向左拐,银行就在 公园的对面。 6.沿着这条大街直行,公用电话就在前方500米处的右 侧。 7.过桥后继续走直到马路的尽头,公园就在你的面前, 你不会错过的。 8.大桥街是个能玩得高兴的好地方。 Unit 3 重点知识归纳 Why do you like koalas? 一、重点词汇 1.动物园n. 2.熊猫n. 3.地图,图n. 4.睡,睡觉v. 5.老虎,虎n. 6.大象n. 7.狮子n. 8.友好的adj. 9.害羞的,怕羞的adj. 10.狗n. 11.草n. 12.因而,所以conj. 13.在…期间prep. 14.动物n. 15.其他的,另外的adj. 16.美丽的,美好的adj. 17.聪明的,机灵的adj. 18.(食用)肉,肉类n. 19.叶,树叶n. 20.懒惰的,懒散的adj. 21.放松,休息v. 二、重点短语 1.南非 2.在白天 3.入睡 4.再五个,又五个 5.(两个中的)另一个 6.(两部分中的)另一些 7.(无范围的)一个…,另一个… 8.(无范围的)一些…,另一些… 9.(三个中的)一个…,又一个…,再一个 10.对某人友好 三、重点句型 1.-- 你喜欢什么动物?-- 我喜欢熊猫。 2.你还喜欢什么别的动物吗?我还喜欢狮子。 I want to be an actor. 一、重点词汇 1.给,授予v. 2.穿,戴v. 3.谈话,谈论v 4.演员n. 1

初中英语定语从句专项练习题(含答案详解)

定语从句专项练习 1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west. Those ________ run from north to south are called avenues. A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that 2. This is the case ________ he’s had all h is money stolen. A. when B. where C. that D. on which 3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, ________ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008. A. where B. when C. which D. how 4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything ________ . A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him to C. for the little girl to ask him D. what the little girl asks him 5. —How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin? —Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is provided. A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose 6. October 15 th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget. A. when B. that C. what D. which 7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely. A. when B. where C. which D. whose 8. There are several research centers in China ________ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied. A. which B. where C. when D. what 9. I hope that the little ________ I have been able to do does good to them all. A. which B. what C. that D. when 10. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread in Chin a’s vast countryside. A. as B. when C. until D. before 11. ________ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it. A. It B. As C. Which D. What 12. I shall never forget the day ________ Shen Zhou V was launched, ________ has a great effect on my life. A. when, which B. that, which C. which, that D. when, that 13. The bread my wife makes is much better than ________ you can buy at a store. A. that which B. one that C. that of which D. this of which 14. There is no such place ________ you dream of in all this world. A. that B. what C. which D. as 15. The people, ________ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross. A. all whose homes B. all of whose homes C. all their homes D. all of their homes 16. The humans are destroying nature day by day, ________ of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later. A. who B. when C. on which D. which 17. Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last year? A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where 18. Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old ________ they swam in it.

相关文档
最新文档