中考英语主谓一致经典例题

中考英语主谓一致经典例题
中考英语主谓一致经典例题

外研版英语中考英语主谓一致经典例题

一、主谓一致

1.It’s said that ______ of the water around the world ______ polluted.

A.two third; has B.two thirds; have

C.two third; are D.two thirds; is

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:据说世界上的三分之二的水被污染了。在英语中分子用基数词表达,分母用序数词表达如果分子大于1,分母变复数。三分之二,two thirds。分数,作主语时,根据其后接的词而定,如果为不可数名词,则相当于单数,如果其后接的为可数名词复数形式,则相当于复数,根据句意及结构,故选D

考点:考查分数的用法。

2.Fifty percent of my monthly pocket money _________ spent on entertainment.

A.am B.is C.are D.be

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我每个月零花钱中的50%花费在了娱乐上。am用于主语为第一人称I的时候;is用于主语是单数时;are用于主语是复数时;be是am, is和are的原形。该句的主语为Fifty percent of my monthly pocket money,分数或者百分数+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应与名词形式一致,这里money是不可数名词,谓语动词应用单数,故应选B。

3.--- Do you like pop music?

--- Yes, very much. But _____ my father _____ my mother likes it. They both like Beijing Opera. A.both, and B.either, or C.not only, but also D.neither, nor

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你喜欢流行音乐吗?——是的,非常喜欢。但是我爸爸和妈妈都不喜欢。他们喜欢京剧。考查并列连词辨析。A. both, and两者都…;B. either, or或者…或者…,表示两者之一;C. not only, but also不但…而且…;D. neither, nor既不…也不…,表示两者都不。根据下文They both like Beijing Opera.以及转折词but,可知我爸爸和妈妈都不喜欢流行音乐;结合选项可知D选项符合题意,故答案选D。

4.(通常与or连用)或者

Either you or your father must see this young man today. 你或是你的父亲今天必须见这位年轻人。

副词 ad.

5.(两者之中)任何一个

I don't agree with either of you on these issues. 在这些问题上,你们两个我都不同意。

连接词 conj.

6.________ my sister ________ I do well in our lessons. My mother is very proud of us. A.Not;but B.Neither;nor C.Either;or D.Both;and

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:妹妹和我功课都很好。妈妈以我们为骄傲。not ... but ...不是……而是……;neither ... nor ...既不……也不……;either ... or ... 或者……或者……;both... and... 两者都。根据句意My mother is very proud of us可知,妹妹和我功课都很好,故选D。

7.―Why are you in such a hurry, John?

―There ________ a basketball match between Class Three and our class in ten minutes.

A.is going to be B.is going to have C.will have D.will hold

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:约翰,你为什么这么急?十分钟后三班和我们班有一场篮球赛。there be 句型的将来时用there is going to be/ there will be,不可和have同时出现,故选A

考点:there be 句型的将来时

点评:there be 句型是初中英语重要语法点,there be句型结构为:there + be +名词(主语)+地点副词/介词短语(表示地点),表示某个地方存在某物或某人,要注意谓语动词与最近的名词的数保持形式一致。另外there be 与have不能同时出现在句子中。have/has 则表达某一个人拥有某样东西。

8.—Why are you late,Jim?

—Because there________a lot of traffic when I came here.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:“—Jim,你为什么迟到?—因为当我来这儿时,有许多车辆。”,原因发生在过去,而且traffic是不可数名词,本题应用is的过去式was。故选C。

考点:考查There be句型的时态用法。

9.—Mum,____ofthe apples____gone bad.

—We'd better eat up the rest as soon as possible.

A.one third; have B.one thirds; have

C.one third; has D.first three; has

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:-妈妈,三分之一的苹果已经坏了。-我们最好尽快吃了。在英语中的分数,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于一时,分母要用复数形式。所以选A。

考点:考查分数及主谓一致。

10.There a great concert in the theater next Saturday evening.

A.will be B.will have

C.has D.is going to have

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:在下周六晚上,在剧场将有一场精彩的音乐会。此句考查there be 结构的一般将来时,其构成为:There will/be going to be+其它,所以适合这一结构的只有A,选项B.D中的have应为be,也就正确了,故选A。

考点:考查固定结构。

11.-Lucy, there _________too many things on the desk. What a mess!

-Sorry, Mum. I'll put them away.

A.have B.is C.are

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——露西,在桌子上有许多东西。真乱!——对不起,妈妈,我将把他们收起来。A. have有;B. is是;单数;C. are是,复数。这里是there be句型,主语是too many things

是复数,be动词用are。根据题意,故选C。

12.Peter with his classmates ____ for the bus when the earthquake happened.

A.is waiting B.was waiting C.are waiting D.were waiting

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:地震发生时,彼得和同学正在等公共汽车。选项A/C是现在进行时;选项B/D是过去进行时。根据when the earthquake happened. 地震发生时。彼得和同学正在等公共汽车。这一动作正在发生,因此句子Peter with his classmates ____ for the bus应该用过去进行时,排除A/C;又因为Peter with his classmates中的with表示伴随,因此本题的主语是Peter,为单数,所以be动词用was。故选B。

13.—What’s in the picture on the wall?

—There a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground.

A.has B.are C.is D.have

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意“-在墙上的照片里有什么?-一个老师和一些学生在操场上踢足球”。本题考查there be 的用法。there be不与have连用,排除A和D;there be中的be动词遵循“就近一致”原则,即与最近的a teacher保持一致,用单数is,故选C。

14.Not only my classmates but also our English teacher Chinese poems, so we often share their favourite ones.

A.like B.liked C.likes D.liking

【答案】C

【解析】句意:不仅我的同学们而且我的老师都喜欢古诗,因此我们经常分享他们最喜欢的诗。本题考查动词的时态。A. like动词原形; B. liked 过去式;C. likes 单数第三人称; D. liking现在分词形式。Not only···but also···不仅···而且···用于连接两个对等的成分;若连接两个成分作主语,其后谓语动词与靠近的主语保持一致。our English teacher为单数第三人称,故选C

15.Both Mike and I ____ ready for the new high school life.

A.be B.am C.is D.are

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:Mike和我都为新的高中生活做好了准备。am,is和are都是be动词的形式,am用于主语是第一人称I的时候;is用于主语是单数的时候;are用于主语是复数或者是第二人称you的时候。这句话的主语是Both Mike and I,指两个人,故be动词用复数,选D。

16.______of the students in our class ______ going to the summer camp in Beijing next week. A.Two-fifths, are B.Second-fifths, are

C.Two-fifths, is D.Second-fifths, is

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我们班五分之二的学生将要去下周在北京的夏令营。分数的表达方式是:用基数词+序数词表示,如果分子大于1,分母则要用复数形式,所以Two-fifths是正确的表达方式,分数引导的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数应根据分数后面的名词students来确定。所以选用be动词的复数形式,故选A。

点睛:全面总结一下分数的表达方式:首先,分数是由基数词和序数词构成——分子用基

数词,分母用序数词,分子超过“1”时,分母用复数。1/4 可写作a [one] fourth,也可写作 a [one] quarter,分数引导的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数应根据分数后面的名词来确定。

17.Now my father _____ his bike to work every day instead of driving.

A.ride B.rode C.rides D.will ride

【答案】C

【解析】

考查点:一般现在时的用法。解题思路:every day意为“每天”,表示经常性,习惯性的动作,故该句子要使用一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,故答案选C;选项B、D时态错误;

18.Dad, this phone is ringing, I guess either you or Mum on the phone.

A.want B.are wanted

C.wants D.is wanted

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我猜电话或者是找你的或者是找妈妈的。主语you or Mum是want的承受者,故句子用被动语态;either … or …连接并列主语,谓语动词根据就近原则故用is,故选D。

考点:考查一般现在时的被动语态。

19.Joe has ______ for ten years. Ten years ______ a long time.

A.left; is B.left; are

C.been away; is D.been away; are

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:Joe离开十年了。十年是一个很长的时间。和表示一段时间的短语for ten years连用要用延续的状态been away;Ten years看作是一个整体,故用is,据题意,故选C。

考点:考查动词。

20.There _______ a fashion show _______ the end of this month.

A.will have; in B.is going to be; at

C.will be; since D.is going to have; by

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:本月底有一个时装秀。At the end of在…结束时;There be结构的一般将来时为There will be或There is going to be。所以选B。

考点:考查一般将来时及介词。

21.About three of the housework usually done by my mother in my family.A.fifths;are B.fifth;is

C.fifth;are D.fifths;is

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:在我们家大约五分之三的家务通常由我妈妈做。分数表达方法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,若分子大于1,分母用复数。three fifths 五分之三,housework是不可数名词,故主语three of the housework为第三人称单数所以谓语动词用is。根据语境故选D。

考点:考查分数表达方法及主谓一致。

22.People in this area ________ to leave because there is not enough water for them.

A.told B.was told C.were told

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:因为这没有足够的水,在这个地区的人们被告诉离开。此题考查被动语态。根据句意,应选C。

考点:考查被动语态。

23.There ____ two concerts tomorrow evening.

A.will are B.are going to be

C.is going to be D.are going to have

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:明天晚上将有两场音乐会。根据题意可知是there be句型的将来时,根据主语是复数故用there are going to be+主语+其他。故选B

考点:考查there be 的将来时

24.________ you ________ Tina can join us. We just need one of you.

A.Both, and B.Not only, but also

C.Neither, nor D.Either, or

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:或者你或者蒂娜能加入我们。我们只需要你们中的一个。A. Both, and……

和……都; B. Not only, but also不仅而且; C. Neither, nor既不也不; D. Either, or或者或者。根据后文主要其中的一个,故选D。

考点:考查连词的用法。

25.There _____ a ticket, a lamp and some keys on the table.

A.are B.is C.has

【答案】B

【解析】句意:桌子上有一张票,一个台灯和一些钥匙。There be句型,表示“有”,谓语动词采用就近原则,根据离谓语近的主语来判断,此处离谓语最近的主语a ticket是单数,故谓语用单数is。故选B。

点睛:there be句型表示某个时间或地方“存在”某人或某物。have表示主语“拥有”某人或某物,作宾语的某人或某物属主语所有。此处表示在桌子上有东西,故用there be句型。根据就近原则,此处离谓语最近的主语a ticket是单数,故用is。

26.The photo _____ taken by my brother last week is very nice.

A.which were B.that is

C.that were D.which was

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:上周我哥哥拍的照片非常漂亮。此处是定语从句修饰先行词the photo,根据时间短语last week可知此处用一般过去时,故排除B项。因为先行词the photo是单数形式,故定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。故选D。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

27.Kangkang as well as his parents return hometown this weekend.

A.is ready to B.were ready to C.are ready to

【答案】A

【解析】句意:康康和他的父母准备这个周末回家乡。as well as连接并列主语,谓语根据第一个主语来判断,第一个主语Kangkang是第三人称单数,故谓语用第三人称单数is ready to,故选A。

28.There are many trees ________ side of the road and ________ of the trees is growing larger and larger.

A.on both; the number

B.on each; a number

C.on each; the number

D.on every; the number

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:路的两边有许多树,树的数目越来越大。

考查不定代词辨析和主谓一致。both两者都,后接复数名词;each每个,后接单数名词,指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”;every每一个,用于指三个以上的人或事物的“全体”。a number of 意为:大量的。许多,修饰可数名词复数,谓语动词为复数;the number of意为:……的数量,强调the number,谓语动词为单数第三人称性。道路路有两个边,排除A;根据第二空后的is可知用the number,根据句意语境,可知选C。

29.(题文)The population of that city 1.8 million and one third from he countryside. A.is, comes B.are, come C.is, come D.are, comes

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:那个城市的人口是一千八百万,三分之一的人口来自农村。population人口,作集合名词,单数表示整体,谓语动词需用单数;集合名词复数表示个体的人,谓语动词需用复数。第一句为主系表结构的句子,be动词需用is;population前由分数、百分数修饰,谓语动词需用复数。Comes为动词的单数形式。故答案为C.

30.Either the students or the teacher him very well.

A.knows B.to know C.know D.knew

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:要么那些学生要么那位老师很了解他。

A. knows动词三单式;

B. to know动词不定式;

C. know动词原形;

D. knew动词过去式。either…or…连接两个并列主语时,遵循就近原则。此句中的谓语动词要与the teacher保持一致,故答案为A。

二、定语从句

31.__________ wants to go to the park this weekend, raise your hands, please. A.Anyone who B.Those who C.Anyone D.Who

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:这个周末想去公园的人请举手。此句考查定语从句。先行词是anyone定语从句中缺少主语,用who引导定语从句,B项错在因为先行词是those,who引导的定语从句中应该是复数谓语,C项缺少关系代词who,D项who只能表示疑问,“谁”,不符合句意:选A。

考点:考查定语从句。

32.The first thing________ I did on Mother’s Day was to make breakfast for her.

A.who B.where C.whose D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是The first thing,谓语动词是was,to make breakfast for her是表语。I did on Mother’s Day作定语修饰前面的the first thing, 定语从句中缺少did的宾语,先行词the first thing是指事情,who指人的,故排除A;where在定语从句当中作状语,故排除B;whose在定语从句中作定语,故排除C,因为先行词有序数词来修饰,指物的时候关系词应该用that,故选D。

点睛:考查定语从句中关系词的选用。首先应当会分析句子成分,会分析这是一个定语从句;其次必须了解四个选项的关系词,在定语从句当中所做的成分及指代的什么。

33.—The city _____ I visited last year has changed a lot.

—Really? I hope to go there one day.

A.where B.that C.when

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:——我去年参观的那个城市有了很大的变化。——真的吗?我希望有一天去那儿。这是定语从句的结构,先行词city在从句中应是宾语,所以引导词不能用副词形式,where 是副词,that 代词,when副词;;故选B

34.—Can I help you, sir?

—I want a new book was written by Cao Wenxuan.

A.what B.where C.which D.who

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:-先生,需要帮忙吗?-我想要一本曹文萱写的新书。本题考察定语从句,先行词a new book表示物,引导词为that或which,所以答案为C。

35.I still remember the mountain schools and teachers ________ we visited last year. A.where B.who

C.that D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:我仍然记得我们去年参观过的山区学校和老师们。根据句意可知,这里是一个定语从句。where引导定语从句时,先行词是地点,where在从句中作地点状语;who 引导定语从句时,先行词是人;which引导定语从句时,先行词是物。从句先行词是the mountain and the teachers,既有人,也有物,这时定语从句的关联词应该使用that,在从句中作visited的宾语,故答案选C。

点睛:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。关系代词在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语;关系副词在定语从句中做状语。

36.You Raise Me Up is a song ________ brings me much courage in the face of challenges. A.who B.when C.which D.where

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:《你鼓舞了我》是一首歌,它带给我面对挑战的勇气。

A. who定语从句关系词,先行词是人;

B. when定语从句关系词;做时间状语;

C. which

定语从句关系词,先行词是物;D. where定语从句关系词,做地点状语。a song 是物,关系词用which。根据题意,故选B。

37.﹣Look!This is the photo I took in Beijing World Gardening Expo(世界园艺博览会)in 2019.

﹣Wow,so great!

A.what B.who C.where D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:—看!这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会拍的照片。

考查定语从句的关系代词,what不用在定语从句中,who先行词为人,在从句中作主语或者宾语,where先行词为地点,在从句中作状语,that先行词为人或物,在从句中做主语或宾语,the photo为先行词,从句中缺宾语,句意理解为﹣﹣看!这是我2019年在北京世界园艺博览会上拍的照片.﹣﹣哇,很不错.故选D。

38.—Hey, Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me?

—You mean, the new police story _____was filmed by Chen Musheng?

A.who B.what C.whose D.which

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意:—嘿,安娜。你愿意和我去看电影《白色风暴》吗?—你的意思是由陈木胜拍摄的新警察故事?定语从句的先行词story是物,关系代词在句中做主语,所以引导词用which,故选D。

【点睛】

关于定语从句中的关系词的用法:

关系代词who 指人,在定语从句中作主语;whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语;whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语;which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语;that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;

关系代词 whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,

先行词既是人也是物的时候,关系代词用that。

39.-Have you got ready for the soccer game?

-Yes,I've done everything ___________ I can to win the game.

A.who B.that C.which

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你准备好参加足球比赛了吗?——是的,我已经尽我所能来赢得比赛。本题考查定语从句的连接词,who的先行词是人,that的先行词是人或物,which的先行词是物。当先行词是不定代词时,只能用that,不能用which,故答案为B。

【点睛】

引导定语从句的关系代词有:that(指人或物),which(指物),who(指人)。指人时可用that或who,指物时可用that或which,但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种:

当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如:

Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?

All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。

当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:

That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。

The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。

当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如:

My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。

当王句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that,不用which或who。以避免重复。例如:

Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁?

)当先行词既有人又有物时,用that不用which。例如:

The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。

40.—What kind of movies do you like?

—I prefer movies _____give me something to think about.

A.which B.who C.what D.when

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你喜欢什么种类的电影?——我更喜欢给我一些思考的东西的电影。

A. which关系词,先行词是物;

B. who关系词,先行词指人;

C. what不能引导定语从句;

D. when关系副词,在定语从句中做状语。先行词是movies指物,关系词用which。根据题意,故选A。

41.I like the writers ___________are popular among teenagers.

A.who B.which C.whom

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:我喜欢受青少年欢迎的作家。本题考查定语从句。先行词是the writers,关系代词在定语从句中作主语且指人,故选A项。

42.The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.

A.which B.in which C.that D.all

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:女孩把她在街上捡到的所有东西都交给了警察。

考查定语从句。本句先行词everything是不定代词,应该用关系代词that引导此定语从句。故选C。

43.The boys ____________ from America like China

A.who is B.are C.which is D.who are

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构,可排除B项。空白处做主语the boys的后置定语,先行词the boys是人,不可用which(用于先行词是物时),需用who引导;the boys是复数人称,系词需用are;根据句意结构,可知选D。

44.The last place _______ we visited was Chaoshan Custom Museum.

A.where B.that C.when D.why

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:我们参观的最后一个地方是潮汕风俗博物馆。根据句子结构可知,这里考查的是定语从句,where关系副词,指地点;that关系代词,先行词为物;when关系副词,指时间;why关系副词,指原因。定语从句中visited后缺少宾语,故应填关系代词,选B。

45.Music is the only thing ______ can help me to relax after a long day of hard work. A.which B.that C.who

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:音乐是可以在努力工作的一天后,帮助我放松的唯一一件事。which修饰事物,引导定语从句;that修饰事物,引导定语从句;who修饰人,引导定语从句。此处修饰先行词thing,有the only修饰,故用that引导定语从句。故选B。

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