高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义(一)三大从句时态知识点整理总结(含练习)

2021届高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义（一）

三大从句时态知识点整理总结（含练习）从句的时态是困扰很多同学的问题，尤其是想到六种从句和多达十几种时态的相互碰撞，就头疼不想看。

Part 1: 宾语从句的时态三定律

定律一

主过从过：当主句时态为过去时，从句一律要变为过去时态。

定律二

主现/将|从不限：当主句为现在时或一般将来时，从句时态据实而定。

定律三

从真理、主不限：从句为客观真理，用一般现在时，主句不限时态。

Part 2：状语从句的时态二连击

定律四

主将从现：主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。

连接词一般为：when/as soon as/not...until/before等。

定律五

一个过去用过去，两个过去用过完。

如果以现在为参照，以动作发生时间划分，最近的过去为G1，其次是G2。

主从都为过去，且二者有明显时间差，则G1为一般过去式，G2为过去完成时。

主从都为过去，二者同时发生或无明显时间差，均为G1，均用一般过去式。

Part 3：名词性从句的时态

1. 当主句的谓语动词是过去式时，宾语从句若不是一个客观事实或真理，其谓语动词也必须用某种过去时态。如：

She said that she didn't want to know.

她说她不想知道。

I asked her whether she would agree.

我问她是否会同意

2. when, if 这两个词既可引导名词性从句，也可引导状语从句。当它们引导名词性从句且表示将来意义时，要直接使用将来时态;但当它们引导状语从句且表示将来意义时，则必须用一般现在时表示将来意义。如：

I don’t know when he will come, but when he comes, I’ll call you.

我不知道他什么时候，但当他来的时候，我会打电话给你。

句中第一个when 引导的是宾语从句，故用将来时态表示将来意义;第二个when 引导的是时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表示将来意义。

写在后面

规则也有例外，例外要靠积累

英语不是数学，任何规则都可能存在例外的情况。

比如：since之后一般接一般过去式，主句一般为现在完成时。

但也有这样的情况：

It's a long time since we last met.

当然这里用现在完成时也是可以的。

除此之外的其他从句时态要依据句意确定，不能一概而论。

巩固练习

练习

（）1.We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.

A.and

B. but

C. as

D. unless

（）2. I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.

A. until

B. unless

C. when

D. before

（）3._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.

A. Without

B. Unless

C. Except

D. Even

（）4. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.

A. since

B. so that

C. as if

D. unless

（）5. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.

A. Every time

B. Though

C. Even

D. Where

（）6. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram?

A. when

B. that

C. though

D. however

（）7. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.

A. although

B. even though

C. so that

D. since（）

8. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.

A. that

B. though

C. unless

D. if

（）9. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.

A. in that

B. in order that

C. in case

D. even though

（）10. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.

A. than

B. when

C. while

D. as

（）11._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.

A. Much

B. However

C. As

D. Although

（）12. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.

A. as; wherever

B. though; whenever

C. in spite of; when

D. that; wherever

参考答案

1-5 CABBA6-10 BCCBD11-12 BA

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③They’ll stand by you even if you don’t sueed. 3. 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别：一般过去时和现在完成时都表示过去所发生的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的影响、结果等，所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用;一般过去时只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系,因而它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。如： —Have you finished your work? —Yes, I have. —When did you finish it? —I finished it last summer. ◆直接引语与间接引语转换时应注意的几个问题： 1. 人称的变化 2. 时态的变化

3. 时间状语的变化 4. 地点状语的变化例句： ①Xiao Yi said, “I want to go to the park this afternoon.” →Xiao Yi said (that) he wanted to go to the park that afternoon. ②Bob said, “We’ll have a meeting here tomorrow morning.” →Bob said (that) they would have a meeting there the next morning. ◆定语从句中关系代词只能用that和不能用that的几种情况：只能用that的情况 1. 先行词是不定代词。

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人教版必修一各单元知识点总结 Unit One Friendship 一、重点短语 1.go through 经历，经受get through 通过；完成；接通电话 2. set down 记下，放下 3. a series of 一系列 4. on purpose 有目的的 5. in order to 为了 6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻 7. face to face 面对面 8. fall in love 爱上9. join in 参加（某个活动）；take part in 参加（活动） join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员） 10. calm down 冷静下来11. suffer from 遭受12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦 13. be concerned about 关心14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.）much too 太…(后接adj.)19. not…until 直到…才20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心 21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为…make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事二、语法----直接引语和间接引语概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.” Mr. Black said that he was busy. 变化规则（一）陈述句的变化规则直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. 2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.” →He told me that he had left his book in my room. 时态的变化

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高中英语三大从句总结+练习

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