(备考)中考英语真题分类汇编专题十动词和动词短语(含解析)
（备考）中考英语真题分类汇编专题十动词和动词短语（含解析）（）1.（2019吉林）15.We always our classroom every Friday afternoon.
A. clean up
B. put up
C. use up
【答案】A
【解析】句意“每个周五的下午我们经常打扫我们的教室”。A.打扫；B.张贴、举起、搭建、留宿；C.用光。根据句意可知，表示“打扫教室”，故选A。与up有关的短语：
bring up教育，培养cheer up使……开心
clean up打扫drink up喝光
eat up吃光end up结束
fix up修理，修补hang up挂断电话
hurry up赶快get up起床
give up放弃grow up成长，长大
look up查阅，向上看make up组成
mix up把……混合到一起open up打开
pick up捡起put up张贴，建造，举起
ring up打电话set up搭建，建立
show up出现take up开始从事
think up想出come up with想出，提出
make up one’s mind下决心
（）2.(2019辽宁省铁岭)10.My cousin volunteers in the Children's Home.His job is to food and clothes.
A. sell out
B. work out
C. hand out
D. find out
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我表哥在“儿童之家”当义工。他的工作是分发食物和衣服。考查动词短语辨析。A. 卖光；B. 想出；C. 发放；D. 发现。根据My cousin volunteers in the Children's Home.可知hand out food and clothes符合句意，故选C。
（）3.(2019辽宁省铁岭)4.The cover of the book comfortable.It's made of silk.
A. tastes
B. feels
C. looks
D. sounds 【答案】B
【解析】句意：这本书的封面摸起来很舒服。它是丝绸做的。考查系动词辨析。A. 尝起来，表味觉；B. 感觉，表触觉；C. 看起来，表视觉；D. 听起来，表听觉。comfortable舒服的，根据It's made of silk.可知ACD三项意思都不合句意，故选B。
（） 4.(2019辽宁省葫芦岛市)13．Every evening my father ______ newspapers while my mother watch es TV．
A．puts up B．looks for C．gives away D．looks through
【答案】D
【解答】根据句意：每天晚上我爸爸看报纸，我妈妈看电视.结合选项，A.举起B.寻找C.分发D.浏览，选项D符合题意.故选：D.
（） 5.(2019辽宁省葫芦岛市)5．New energy cars have been ______ to cut down air pollution．A．discovered B．found C．invented D．refused
【答案】C
【解析】四个选项都是过去分词，该句用的是现在完成的被动语态结构，即have been done.A 表示发现，B表示找到，C表示发明，D表示拒绝.根据题干可知为了减少空气污染，发明了新能源汽车.故选：C.
（）6.(2019河北)31. On the first day of Chinese New Year, we_________ new clothes and visit people.
A. pick up
B. put
on C. take
off D. throw away
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。结合语境翻译为“中国新年的第一天，我们穿上新衣服然后走亲访友”。A、C、D分别为捡起、脱下；起飞、扔掉，不符合题意，故选B.
（）7.(2019河南)You can’t change who you are by reading a book or change the way you act by watching a video. What_____is what you do, not what you know.
A. includes
B. decides
C. means
D. matters
【答案】D
【解析】句意:读书不能改变你是谁，看视频也不能改变你的行为举止。重要的是你做了什么,而不是你知道什么。A:include“包括” ；B: decide“决定”；C：mean“打算”；D：matter"有关系；要紧”，故选D。
（）8.(2019河南)I asked my father to me at the school gate at 6:30 so that we could visit Grandma together.
A. pick; up
B. turn; down
C.let; down
D. cheer; up
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我让我的父亲6:30在校门口接我，以便我们一起去看望祖母。A：pick叩“捡起;?接某人” ；B：tum down"（音量）调小;拒绝” ;C：let down"失望” ；D：cheer up“振作”，故选A。
（）9.(2019内蒙古包头市)28. Stephen Hawking has _______great success as a scientist.
A. allowed
B. achieved
C. practiced
D. promised
【答案】B
【解析】A表示允许，B表示实现、取得，C表示练习，D表示承诺、允诺.根据题干可知作为一名科学家，斯蒂芬霍金取得了巨大的成功.故选：B.
（）10.（2019甘肃武威）Don’t forget to____the lights when they are not in use!
A.t urn over
B.turn off
C.turn up
D.turn on
【答案】B
【解析】根据句意：别忘了把不用的灯关掉！考查forget to do sth忘记要去做某事，A．翻阅B．关掉C．调大 D．打开，选项B符合题意．故选：B．
（）11.(2019内蒙古包头市)29. Everything from how we cook meat to what we eat for dinner can _____our brain health.
A. take pride in
B. have an interest in
C. play a role in
D. believe in
【答案】C
【解析】根据句意：从我们如何烹饪肉类到晚餐吃什么，一切都对我们的大脑健康起作用.结合选项，A.以…为自豪B.对..有兴趣C.起作用于D.相信，选项C符合题意.故选：C.
（）12.（2019重庆A卷）26. Next week, each student in the class ____ a small gift from their teachers.
A. receives
B. received
C. will receive
D. has received
【答案】C
【解析】由时间状语“ Next week”可推知，此处要用一般将来时。C
（）13.(2019湘潭)15．My English teacher took a photo of me while I______at the sports meeting．
A．run B．was running C．ran
【答案】B
【解析】whlie 当…时候，本句话的意思当我正在跑步时，老师拍了照片，是进行时形式，又因为took是一般过去时，所以用过去进行时．故选：B．
（）14.(2019内蒙古包头市)33. —Why did you leave that position?
—I ______a better position in another factory.
A. offer
B. offered
C. am offered
D. was
offered
【答案】D
【解析】根据问句为一般过去时态故回答用一般过去时态回答，又知主语l是谓语动词offer
的承受者二者形成被动关系，故确定为被动语态，故答语的谓语动词为一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构为was/were+过去分词，故填入was offered.
（）15.（2019福建）1.There a large bowl of jiaozi on the table.
A. is
B. are
C. be
【答案】A
【解析】句意“在桌子上有一大碗饺子”。there be句型遵循“就近一致”原则，即be动词与空后最近的主语保持一致。根据空后a large bowl“一大碗”可知，用单数is，故选A。
（）16.(2019 山西)23. Parents should let children home and find more about the world.After all, birds should fly freely in the sky.
A. leave
B. enter
C. reach
【答案】A
【解析】句意：父母应该让孩子离开家去发现更多的世界。毕竟，小鸟应该在天空中自
由地飞翔。
（）17.(2019天津)20．We should making a noise in the library．A．avoid B．prefer C．practise D．enjoy
【答案】A
【解析】在图书馆我们应该避免制造噪音．考查动词词义辨析，根据题目意思，在图书馆我们应该避免制造噪音．需要填入一个动词，与后文的making a noise相匹配，意思是"避免制造噪音"，用avoid doing sth表示"避免做某事"，即，avoid making a noise．故选：A．
（）18.(2019 山西)27. Fighting for your dream is like climbing a mountain. Whatever difficulties you meet, don’t . Just move on.
A.set off
B. come out
C. give up
【答案】C
【解析】句意：为你的梦想奋斗就像登一座山，不管遇到什么样的困难，不要放弃，一直前进。
（）19.(2019 山西)29. —After the big exams, we can finally have a good
relax.
— How I a chance to have a chance to hav e a trip! I can’t wait.
A.am worried about
B. am thirsty for
C. am good at
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这场大考试之后，我们终于可以好好休息一下了。我多渴望有一个机会去有
一次旅途，我等不及了。
（）20. (2019内蒙古包头市)23. He rides a bike to work every day in order to keep in __________.
A. support
B. service
C. surface
D. shape 【答案】D
【解析】support支持；service服务；surface表面；shape形状，keep in shape保持体形，根据语境可知每天骑车上班应该是为了保持身材.故选：D.
（）21.(2019山东菏泽)7.—Lucy, when you leave the room, please ____the light. —OK, Mom.
A. put off
B. turn off
C. turn up
【答案】B
【解析】句意：-Lucy，当你离开房间的时候，请关上灯。-好的，妈妈。
put off推迟； turn off关掉； turn up出现；开大。根据句意when you leave the room, please…the light可知，turn off符合语境，故选：B。
（）22. (2019山东临沂) Roy works in London. It___________ him about half an hour to get to work by bus every day.
A costs B. spends C. takes
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：罗伊在伦敦工作。他每天乘公共汽车去上班大约需要半个小时。。此处是句类型：It takes time to do sth. 的搭配。故选C。
（）23.(2019山东临沂)Cathy sold some of her things in a yard sale and_____ the money to a children's home.
A. gave away
B. gave up c. gave out
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：凯茜在一次庭院拍卖会上卖掉了她的一些东西，把钱捐给了一个儿童之家。give away捐赠；give up放弃；give out分发。根据句意“卖掉东西”和“儿童之家”可知是“捐赠”。故选A。
（）24.(2019扬州)12. —Honey, come and help me _____ the picture of balloons from the magazine.
—OK, Granny. I’m coming.
A. carry out
B. work out
C. cut out
D. hand out
【答案】C
【解析】carry out 执行；work out计算出，解决；cut out剪出；hand out分发
（）25.（2019福建）9.My deskmate and I are going to a talk show at the party to celebrate the 70th birthday of our motherland.
A. hand in
B. put on
C. take out
【答案】B
【解析】句意“我和我的同桌打算在派对上表演一个脱口秀来庆祝我们祖国70岁生日”。
A.上交；
B.表演、增重、穿上；
C.取出。根据句意可知，表示在派对上表演脱口秀，故选B。（）26.(2019天津)28．If you want to join the Music Club． the form，please．
A．go out B．fill out C．get up D．warm up
【答案】B
【解析】如果你想要加入音乐俱乐部，请填好表格．考查动词短语，根据题目意思，如果你想要加入音乐俱乐部，请填好表格．需要填入一个动词短语，表示"填入"，用fill out．故选：B．
（）27.(2019广西贵港)19．﹣﹣﹣Joe， don't eat too much ice﹣cream．﹣﹣﹣OK， mom．But it really good．
A．feels B．looks C．tastes D．sounds
【答案】C
【解析】feel 感觉起来；look 看起来；taste 尝起来；sound 听起来；四个词都是感官动
词，根据句子里don't eat too much ice﹣cream，不要吃太多冰淇淋可知冰淇淋是好吃的，用感官动词taste．故选：C．
（）28.(2019江苏南京)10．Read the sentence． "I can tell her anything because she can keep a secret．"
The underlined word"because" is used to _____．
A．connect ideas B．create new words C．show time D．give examples 【答案】A
【解析】读这个句子"我什么都能告诉她因为她能保守秘密"．下划线的单词"因为"用于"
连接想法"．connect ideas"连接想法"；create new words"创建新词"；show time"表演时间"；give examples"举例子"，四者都是动词短语．由题干"读这个句子"我什么都能告诉她因为她能保守秘密"．下划线的单词"因为"用于"连接想法"．"可知，空格是"连接想法"，用connect ideas，因此答案应是connect ideas．
故选：A．
（）29.(2019江苏南京)12．Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and _____which university is the best for her to attend．
A．put out B．stay out C．find out D．run out
【答案】C
【解析】蒂娜来中国是为了体验中国文化，找出哪所大学最适合她．put out扑灭，stay out留在户外，find out发现，找出，run out用光，根据句意"蒂娜来中国是为了体验中国文化，找出哪所大学最适合她"可知，要用"找出，发现"，其它选项语意不通．故选：C．
（）30.(2019 福建)My deskmate and I are going to a talk show at the
party to celebrate the 70th birthday of our motherland.
A.hand in
B. put on
C. take out 【答案】B
考查动词词组的词意辨析：hand in 上交；put on 上演，穿上，增重；take out 带出去。题意为“我的同桌和我打算上演一个谈话节目来庆祝祖国的 70 周年诞辰”，故选 B。（）31.（2019四川达州）8.﹣Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics____，Cindy？
﹣In Beijing， the capital of China，the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympics．
A. be taken place
B. take place
C. take part
D. be taken part
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——2022年冬季奥运会将在哪里举行,辛迪?——北京，中国的首都，第一
个同时举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。考查动词语态辨析。take part in参加；take place
举行/发生，没有被动语态。根据句意语境，可知take place符合句意，需用主动形式表被
动意义，故选：B。
（）32.（2019四川达州）9.﹣Can I____ Robinson Crusoe？ Mrs Zhao．
﹣Sure， it's very interesting， but you can only ____it for two weeks．
A. borrow； lend
B. lend；borrow
C. borrow；keep
D. lend；keep
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我可以借《鲁宾逊漂流记》吗?——当然，它很有趣，但是你只能借两
个星期。
考查动词辨析。borrow借入，短暂性动词；lend借出，短暂性动词；keep保持，这里强调
保管，延续性动词。Can I borrow Robinson Crusoe？强调借入，所以前句用borrow；后
句句中for two weeks是一段持续的时间，第二个空需用延续性动词keep．故选：C。
（）33.(2019湖南湘西州)27. 一Tony，it's cold outside. your coat when you go
out.
一All right，Mom.
A.Put up
B.Put off
C.Put on
【答案】C
【解析】-Tony，外面很冷．出去的时候穿上你的外套．-好的，妈妈．
put up搭建；建起；put off推迟；put on穿上．结合语境：-Tony，外面很
冷．出去的时候穿上你的外套．put on符合语境．故选：C．
（）34.(2019内蒙古)9. I really need to take more exercise because I’m
_______weight.
A. putting down
B. putting on
C. putting off
D. putting away
【答案】B
【解析】我真的需要多锻炼因为我长胖了．put off"推迟"；put on"穿上；增加"；put down"放下"；put away"放好"．根据need to take more exercise 可知，因为我体重增加，所以需要减肥，
故选：B．
（）35.(2019哈尔滨市)9.—Some students don t know how to ____ worries.
—They can ask their teachers and parents for help。
A belong to B. deal with C. call in
【答案】B
【解析】结合答语可推知，此处指一些学生不知道怎样处理焦虑。belong to意为“属于”，deal with意为“处理”，call in意为“来访”。
（）36.(2019内蒙古)3. —Jack, let’s have a picnic after school.
—Sorry. I have ______Frank to work on the biology report with him.
A. Advise
B. expected
C. suggested
D. promised 【答案】D
【解析】-杰克，放学后我们去野餐吧．-抱歉．我答应弗莱克和他一起做生物学报告．A表示建议，B表示期待、盼望，C表示建议，D表示承诺、允诺．根据题干中Sorry可知杰克不能放学后去野餐，因为他承诺弗莱克和他一起去做生物学报告，其中promise sb．to do sth．表示承诺某人做某事．故选：D
（）37.(2019广西贵港)25．﹣﹣﹣The oil on the earth will one day．﹣﹣﹣I think so． We should make good use of it．
A．find out B．work out C．give out D．run out
【答案】D
【解析】find out查明，work out计算出，give out分发，run out耗尽；根据句意"地球上的石油总有一天会耗尽的"可知，要填"耗尽"，其它选项语意不通．故选：D．
（）38.(2019广西贵港)26．﹣﹣﹣I heard that Paul hurt himself badly in the earthquake．
﹣﹣﹣Yes．The doctor had to his right leg to save him．
A．cut up B．cut out C．cut off D．cut down
【解析】cut up切碎，cut out停止，裁剪，cut off切除，cut down砍到；根据句意"是的，医生不得不切掉他的右腿来救他"可知，要填"切除"，其它选项语意不通．故选：C．（）39.(2019广西河池)28．Zhang Lan usually looks after her little brother at home when her mother is away．
A．looks up B．looks out C．looks over D．takes care of
【答案】D
【解析】句意：妈妈不在家时，张兰通常在家照看她的小弟弟．look up查询；向上看；look out小心；look over仔细检查；take care of照顾．look after意为照顾；与take care of意思相同．
故选：D．
（）40.(2019湖南岳阳)The volunteers_____the sick kids in the hospital on weekends．
A．look after B．look for C．look through
【答案】A
【解析】look after照顾； look for寻找； look through浏览；温习．结合语境：志愿者们周末在医院照顾生病的孩子．look after符合语境．
故选：A．
（）41.(2019辽宁沈阳)https://www.360docs.net/doc/ab5304771.html,st week，some students an English play at Rosie Bridge School.
A. put out
B. put away
C. put on
D. put up 【答案】C
【解析】句意：上周，一些学生在罗西布里奇学校上演了一出英语剧。
考查动词短语辨析。put out熄灭； put away放好，把…收起来；put on穿上，上演；put up举起，粘贴。an English play英语剧，根据句意语境，可知ABD三项意思都不合句意，故选C。
（）42.(2019辽宁沈阳)7.A hanfu show in Museum of History next week.
A. is held
B. was held
C. will be held
D. has
【答案】C
【解析】句意：汉服表演下周将在历史博物馆举行。
考查动词语态辨析。next week下周，用于一般将来时；show是动词hold（举行）的受动者，需用被动语态，可排除ABD三项。根据句意结构，可知选C。
（）43.(2019湖南岳阳)It's reported that Notre﹣Dame de Paris（巴黎圣母院）_____in April 2019．
A．was burnt B．is burnt C．be burnt
【答案】A
【解析】主语 Notre﹣Dame de Paris和谓语"烧毁"是被动关系，再根据句意"据报道巴黎圣母院于2019年4月被烧毁"可知，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was/ were done．
故选：A．
（）44.. (2019山东临沂)—I'm getting hungry. Do you know where we can get some good food?
—Of course! There_________ a restaurant around the corner.
A. will be
B. was
C. is
【答案】C
【解析】考查there be句型。句意：—我饿了。你知道我们在哪里可以买到好食物吗? —当然有!拐角处有一家餐馆。根据句意可知用一般现在时，而there be结构中，be动词与后面相邻的主语保持数的一致，本句主语为a restaurant，为单数，故选C。
（）45.（2019甘肃武威）14. A baby's first month birthday is a special event in China
and_____with a special
Party.
A. celebrates B .is celebrated
C. was celebrated
D.will celebrate
【答案】B
【解析】主语A baby's first month birthday和动词"庆祝"是被动关系，再根据句意"婴儿的满月在中国是一项特别事情，并且有一个特别的聚会来庆祝"可知，要用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为am/ is/ are done，其它选项不符合语法．
故选：B．
（）46.（2019福建）12.--- Look! My mother a new dress for me.
--- Wow, it looks very nice on you.
A. is making
B. has made
C. will make
【答案】B
【解析】句意“-看！我的妈妈已经为我做了一件裙子。-你穿起来很好看”。本题考查时态。
A.现在进行时；
B.现在完成时；
C.一般将来时。根据it looks very nice on you可知，表示动作发生在过去，即妈妈过去为我做裙子，对现在造成的影响是“现在你穿起来很好看”，用现在完成时，故选B。
（）47.(2019辽宁省铁岭)8.Rainy days make me relaxed.I love drinking tea while it .
A. was raining
B. is raining
C. has rained
D. rained 【答案】B
【解析】句意：雨天使我放松。我喜欢在下雨的时候喝茶。
考查动词时态辨析。while当的时候，表示主从动作同时发生，多用进行时态，可排除CD 两项。主句love drinking tea是一般现在时，从句不可用过去时，可排除A项。根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。
（）48.(2019辽宁省铁岭)13.The Chinese traditional poems to spread by popular singers.
A. is singing
B. are singing
C. is sung
D. are sung
【答案】D
【解析】句意：中国传统诗歌是由流行歌手传唱的。
考查动词语态辨析。主语The Chinese traditional poems是复数人称，是动词sing（唱）的受动者，需用“are sung”被动语态结构，故选D。
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