高考语法考点一轮复习讲义 专题08 主谓一致(精讲深剖)(解析版)

高考语法考点一轮复习讲义 专题08 主谓一致(精讲深剖)(解析版)
高考语法考点一轮复习讲义 专题08 主谓一致(精讲深剖)(解析版)

专题08主谓一致——精讲深剖

真题速递

单句语法填空

1.(2019全国I卷)Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _____ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.

【答案】are

【解析】考查主谓一致。根据three are declining,此处数词six作主语,代指前文中的“polar bear su bpopulations”,故用复数谓语,一般现在时,故填are。

2.(2018全国I卷)While running regularly can't make you live forever,the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking,cycling or swimming.

【答案】is

【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。本文介绍了跑步的好处,通篇以一般现在时为主。本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致,故用一般现在时;且宾语从句中的主语为it,故用is。

3.(2017全国I卷)Fast food(be) full of fat and salt;by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

【答案】is

【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。根据行文的时态可知,此处用一般现在时;句子的主语fast food(快餐)是不可数名词短语,故填be的第三人称单数形式is。

单句改错

1.(2018全国III卷)The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks,and mistakes as well.

【答案】include改为includes。

【解析】考查主谓一致。该句为一般现在时,主语为that,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

2.(2016全国卷II)He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us.

【答案】was改为were

【解析】考查主谓一致。本句中的宾语从句的主语是we,是复数,所以谓语动词应该与其保持一致也用复

数形式,故把was改为were。

【考题印证】

(2014陕西高考)Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky—they look like rain!

【答案】was改为were

【解析】考查主谓一致。本句主语是the arrows,是复数名词,其后面的谓语一个与其保持一致,故把was 改为were。句意:突然,箭从天上向我们飞来-它们看起来像雨一样!

3. 用and或both…and 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。

①Both my father and my mother are farmers.我的父母都是农民。

②What I think and what I do have been fairly in disagreement.我的想法和我所做的都有相当大不一致。

注意:当and连接的词表示同一个人、事、物、概念时谓语动词用单数形式。

The poet and writer has come.那个诗人兼作家已经来了。

4. 主语后紧跟as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, besides, in addition to 等时谓语动词要与句子的主语保持一致。

①Nobody but my parents knows the secret.除了我的父母没人知道这个秘密。

②The teacher as well as students is excited.老师学生都很兴奋。

③The students as well as the teacher have learned to drive a car . 学生和老师都学会了开车。

5. either、neither、no、each、every、many a、more than one 后加单数名词。

any、some、no、every构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。either, neither, each单独作主语时谓语动词用单数。

①Everybody is here.全都到了。

②Either of the parents is important to me.父母对我都很重要。

③Many a boy have made that mistake.很多男孩犯那个错误。

6. 分数或百分数+of+名词/代词作主语,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词或代词的单复数形式。

①Two-thirds of the students come from countryside.三分之二的学生来自乡下。

②Ninety percent of the work has been done. 百分之九十的工作已经完成。

7.定语从句中的主谓一致。

⑴与先行词一致

I, who am your teacher, will share happiness and sorrow with you.我,也是你的老师将和你分享快乐和忧愁。

⑵which/as代替一句话内容,谓语动词用单数

As is known, she is kind.众所周知,她很善良。

⑶one of +复数名词+ 定语从句,从句中的谓语用复数形式; the only/exact one of+复数名词+ 定语从句,从句中的谓语用单数形式。

8. 从句作主语时的主谓一致

⑴what 从句作主语应根据表语来决定谓语动词的单复数。

What he’d like most for a birthday present is a car.他最想要的生日礼物是一辆车。

What we badly need here are some English teachers.这里最需要的是英语老师。

⑵以who ,why, how, whether 或that 引导的名词性从句谓语动词用单数。

二. 意义一致原则

1. 集体名词family, audience, crew, club, class, company, committee, party, crowd group, army, government, the public等作主语时,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语用单数形式;如果指集体中的各个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。

①My family is a large one.我的家是一个大家庭。

②My family like playing cards.我的家人喜欢玩扑克。

③The public is the best judge。公众是最好的裁判。

④The public are invited to express their opinions.公众被邀请表达他们的看法。

2. 表示时间,重量,长度,金钱,数目等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数即把主语作一个整体来看。

①Three hours is enough to do the work.三个小时来做这项工作足够了。

②Forty miles is a long distance.四十英里是一段长距离。

注意:如果强调过了多少时日,谓语动词要用复数形式。

Five years have passed.五年过去了。

3. 以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时,如physics, mathematics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics. statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics等, 谓语动词通常用作单数。

e.g. Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是一门理科基础学科

4. 其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题

英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词,如glasses, pincers, pliers, scissors, shorts, suspenders, trousers等,这类名词做主语,如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词,谓语动词通常用复数。

5. 当and连接的并列名词词组带有each,every, no或者many a 等限定词时,谓语动词通常用单数。

e.g. Each student and each teacher has been given a task.每个学生和老师都被给与一项任务。

Every flower and every bush is to be cut down.每朵花和每棵草都要被修剪。

6.The + adj. 原级用于指人时(the old, the rich ,the poor ),谓语动词用复数形式。若指东西,抽象概念或个人时,谓语动词用单数形式。

e.g.①The young are usually active.年轻人通常很活跃。

②The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.美的东西往往给人以愉悦。

7. none作主语时谓语动词用单、复数均可,且以复数更普遍。

①None of them have/has failed.他们都成功了。

②None have/has arrived yet.还没有人到达。

③None money of the money is mine.这些钱都不是我的。

8. 有些单词如:who, most, all, the rest, half, some 等即可表示单数也可表示复数意义,谓语动词随其意义而定。

9. 有些名词如:deer, sheep, means,works, species, people等用作单数或复数均可,谓语动词随其含义而定。

①This glass works was built in 1978.这玻璃建筑建成于1978年。

②East of the city are two steel works.这座城市的东部有两个钢铁建筑。

③The Chinese people are brave and hard-working.中国人民勇敢又勤劳。

④The Chinese people is a brave and hard-working.中华民族是一个勤劳勇敢的民族。

10. a/this/that + kind of +名词(单数或复数)作主语时,谓语动词用单数;如果主语是kinds(types) of+名词或复数名词of+ a ( this, that)kind时,谓语动词用复数形式。

①The kind of apples sell well.这种苹果很畅销。

②Men of this kind are dangerous . 这种类型的人很危险。

11. 主语是a large/small quantity of +名词(可数或不可数)谓语动词用单数;如果是“large (great) quantifies of +名词(可数或不可数)”时,谓语动词要用复数。也就是说谓语动词随quantity单复数而定。

①There is a large quantity of apples on the farm。农场里有大量的苹果。

②Large quantities of water are needed here.这里需要大量的水。

12. a number of +名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数形式;The number of +名词复数谓语动词用单数形式。

①A number of workers are out of work.大量的工人失业。

②The number of the students in our school is eight thousand.我们学校的学生人数是8,000.

13. 两数相减或相除,谓语动词用单数;两数相加或相乘,谓语动词可用单数,也可用复数。

①Sixty minus seventeen leaves forty-three.60减17等于43.

②Six and eight makes/make fourteen.6加8等于14.

三. 就近一致原则

谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。

1. 由or, nor, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also连接的并列结构作主语,随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。

You or she is good at English.你或他英语好。

2. 以here, there开头的句子,谓语动词的单复数形式看后面的主语而定,如果主语不止一个,谓语动词于最近的主语保持一致。

①Here is some bread.这有些面包。

②There is a pen and three pencils on the desk.桌子上有一支钢笔和三只铅笔。

1. 如果主语由“one in/one out of + 复数名词” 构成,在正式语体中,动词用单数。

e.g. One in ten students has passed the examination.十分之一的学生通过了考试。

One out of twelve bottles was left open.十二分之一的瓶子都空了。

2.表示数量的one and a half+ 复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词一般用单数形式。

“3视角”巧解语法填空题

1.看主语人称,确定谓语动词形式

【思路点拨】

1. The design on the back (show) the yellow-eyed penguin, one of the world's rarest penguins。

【答案】shows

【解析】考查主谓一致。本句的主语是“The design” ,是单数名词,其后面的的谓语动词也应该用单数形式,故填shows。句意:背部的图案告诉了我们世界上最稀有的企鹅之一—黄眼睛企鹅。

2. Having traveled from China through Kazakhstan, Russia Belarus, Poland, Germany, Belgium and France for 18 days, the train finally arrived in London. Inside the 68 containers (be)household goods, clothing, cloth, bags and suitcases。

【答案】are

【解析】考查主谓一致。本句是倒装句,真正的主语是“household goods, clothing,cloth, bags and suitcases”,是and连接的多个名词的复数形式,故谓语动词故用复数形式are。句意:从中国经哈萨克斯坦、俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、波兰、德国、比利时和法国旅行18天,火车终于到达了伦敦。在68个集装箱内装载的是家居

用品、服装、布、袋子和手提箱。

2.看充当主语的词(短语),确定谓语动词形式

(1)看到主语为动名词短语/to do不定式或从句,要想到:谓语应为第三人称单数形式;

(2)看到“分数(/百分数+of+名词”作主语,要想到谓语的数取决于名词。

【思路点拨】

3. Two-fifths of the land in that district (cover)with trees now, about 80% of which (plant) in the 1990s.

【答案】第一空,is covered;第二空were planted

【解析】考查主谓一致和被动语态。第一空所在的句子是主句,其主语是“Two-fifths of the land in that district”,是分数+of+名词结构,其后面的谓语动词与名词保持一致,又根据句意“那个地区五分之二的土地现在被树木覆盖,其中大约80%的树木在上世纪90年代被种下的。”可知此处该用被动语态,故填is covered。第二空的主语是“about 80% of which”,而“which”指代的是前文“trees”,根据第一空的分析以及句意可知此处该用复数谓语的被动语态,故填were planted。

4.Listening to loud music at rock concerts (cause) hearing loss in some teenagers over the years.

【答案】has caused

【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。本句的主语是“Listening to loud music at rock concerts”,是一个动名词短语,其后面的谓语动词该用单数形式,又根据句末的时间状语“over the years”,可知该用现在完成时态,故填has caused。句意:多年来,在摇滚音乐会上听着高分贝的音乐导致了一些青少年的听力损失。

3.看到there be等结构,要想到用就近一致原则

【思路点拨】

5. Not only Jasper but also his friends (be)planning to go, because they have never been there before.

【答案】are

【解析】考查主谓一致。not only…but also…连接并列结构做主语要遵循就近原则,又根据句意“不仅贾斯珀,而且他的朋友也打算去,因为他们以前从未去过那里。”可知此处填are。

6.There (be) also many small universities with only a few hundred students.

【答案】are

【解析】考查主谓一致。本句是there be结构,谓语动词要遵循就近原则,故填are。

“3原则”妙解短文改错题

1.通过“语法一致”原则解决主谓一致问题

(1)可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数;可数名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数。

(2)在定语从句中,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。

(3)单个的动名词、名词性从句作主语,谓语动词一般用单数。但what引导的主语从句表示复数概念时,谓语动词用复数。

(4)主语后跟有with,together with,as well as等引起的并列主语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。

(5)复数形式单数意义的词,如news,maths,plastics physics作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

【思路点拨】

1. Compared with online games, many traditional games, like hide-and-seek, benefits kids mentally and physically. 【答案】benefits改为benefit

【解析】考查主谓一致。本句的主语是many traditional games,是名词复数形式,谓语动词也应该用复数形式,故把benefits改为benefit。句意:与网络游戏相比,许多传统游戏,比如捉迷藏,对孩子们的身心都有好处。

2. Dr Smith, together with his wife and daughters, are going to visit Beijing this summer.

【答案】are改为is

【解析】考查主谓一致。主语Dr Smith后跟有together with引起的并列主语,谓语动词的数仍要与其保持一致。故把are改为is。句意:史密斯博士和他的妻子和女儿今年夏天将访问北京。

2.通过“意义一致”原则解决主谓一致问题

(1)集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作是构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有: family,class,team,group, public, committee, government, audience (2)“分数/百分数/ the majority+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义;all,some,half,most,the rest等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。

【思路点拨】

3. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area needs repairing.

【答案】needs改为need

【解析】考查主谓一致。本句的主语是“two-thirds of the buildings ”,是复数名词形式,其后面的谓语动词应该与其保持一致,故把needs改为need。

4.98% of the surface are covered permanently by ice and strong winds driven by gravity blow from the pole to the coastline.

【答案】are改为is

【解析】考查主谓一致。本句的主语是98% of the surface,是百分数+of+名词结构,这种结构做主语谓语动词的形式取决于名词的形式。故把are改为is。

3.通过“就近一致”原则解决主谓一致问题

由either..or. neither…nor. not only…but also…等连接的并列主语或者在there be句型中,谓语动词常与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

【思路点拨】

5. There was a large number of people and the train was crowded, but everyone helped those who had lots of bag

-gage and behaved politely.

【答案】was改为were

【解析】考查主谓一致。本句and前面的句子是there be 句式,本句式谓语动词常与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。故把was改为were。句意:那里有很多人,火车也很拥挤,但是每个人都帮助那些行李多的人,都是彬彬有礼。

6. Here come your opportunity: the Student Union will organize a Poetry Writing Contest.

【答案】come改为comes

【解析】考查主谓一致。以here, there开头的句子,谓语动词的单复数形式看后面的主语而定。故把come 改为comes。

1.(东北三省四市2019届高三第一次模拟)There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food ______ (be) limited.

【答案】are

【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:高铁上有餐车,尽管食物种类有限制。分析句子可知,本句主语为kinds,复数形式,故谓语动词需用复数形式,陈述一般事实,故用一般现在时,故用are。

2.(吉林省辽源市普通高中2019届高三第二次模拟)Co-sponsored by AESA, America East Shandong Chamber of Commerce and Confucius Education Foundation Inc, the festival ______ (feature) recitation of the“Di Zi Gui,”

【答案】features

【解析】考查主谓一致。此处指这个节目以背诵弟子规为特色,与上下文时态一致用一般现在时,主语是the festival是单数,动词也用第三人称单数。故填features.

3.(山东省济南市2019届高三第一次模拟考试)The difference is that most Chinese paper-cuts are red,while those in other countries _____ (be)often made in many other colors.

【答案】are

【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:不同之处在于,中国的剪纸通常是红色的,而其他国家多是其他颜色。分析句子可知,本句主语为those,复数形式,故谓语动词用复数形式are。

4.(广东省2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试)Everybody________(assume) that' s because the weather is cold.

【答案】assumes

【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:为什么俄罗斯人喝那么多酒?每个人都认为那是因为天气冷。句子用一般现在时态,且主语是不定代词Everybody,后面的谓语动词用单数形式,故答案为assumes。

5.(湖南省岳阳市2019届高三第二次模拟)The T-Watch Tactical Watch ______ (be) ready for the “combat” of daily life.

【答案】is

【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:如今T-Watch Tactical Watch手表准备接受日常生活中的损耗。分析句子可知,本句缺乏谓语,主语为单数,谓语动词需用单数,故用is。

6.(山东省日照市2019届高三第一次模拟考试)According to experts,the key to the Forbidden City’s strength,as well as other ancient Chinese structures,______ (1ie)in dougong(斗栱)—a centuries-old building method invented in China.

【答案】lies

【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:专家表示,故宫和其他中国古代建筑的实力,关键在于斗拱——中国发明的一种有数百年历史的建筑方法。主语是the key,谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填lies。

专题06 词性转化(构词法)——高效演练

一.单句语法填空

1. The boy ran (quick)to school.

【答案】quickly

【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。空格前的ran需用副词修饰,故填quickly。

2. "What's that? "Father shouted (angry).

【答案】angrily

【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。空格前的shouted需用副词修饰,故填angrily。

3. The little girl is (extreme)eager to know the result of the exam.

【答案】extremely

【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。空格后的形容词eager需用副词修饰,故填extremely。句意:这个小女孩迫切想知道考试的结果。

4. Your composition is (bad)organized. Please do your writing exercise more attentively next time. 【答案】badly

【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。空格后的形容词bad需用副词修饰,故填badly。句意:你的作文组织结构太差。下次请务必多加注意。

5. He is rather (self) so that nobody prefers to have a talk with him.

【答案】selfish

【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。空格前的rather是副词,要修饰形容词,故填selfish。句意:他这个人太自私,没有人愿意跟他说话。

6. The good working condition in the factory is (attract).

【答案】attractive

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为形容词。空格处是表语位置,需用形容词,故填attractive。句意:这家工厂的工作条件很吸引人。

7. He is (rely) so you can depend on him.

【答案】reliable

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为形容词。空格处是表语位置,需用形容词,故填reliable。

8. They are (nerve) about their first trip abroad.

【答案】nervous

【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。空格处是表语位置,需用形容词,故填nervous。

9. The flower is (harm) to our health.

【答案】harmful

【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。空格处是表语位置,需用形容词,故填

harmful。

10.It is necessary to have a physical (examine) every year.

【答案】examination

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为名词。physical是形容词,需要修饰名词。故填examination。

11. Annan will be remembered for his ability and his (warm).

【答案】warmth

【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为名词。本句中and连接和his ability的并列的结构,故填warmth。

12. Without ( hesitate), I decided to follow them and we did have lots of fun that day.

【答案】hesitation

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为名词。Without是介词,修饰名词,故填hesitation。句意:我毫不犹豫地决定跟着他们,那天我们确实玩得很开心。

13. The famous (act)is dancing with her fans.

【答案】actress

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为名词。本句中famous是形容词,修饰名词。根据句意“这位著名的演员正在和她的歌迷跳舞。”可知填actress。

14. We should respect everyone, even a (beg).

【答案】beggar

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为名词。根据空格前的冠词a可知空格处填名词。又根据句意“我们应该尊重每个人,哪怕是乞讨。”可知填beggar。

15. My boss is not here. Do you like to speak to one of his (assist)?

【答案】assistants

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为名词。根据空格前的形容词性物主动词词his可知空格处填名词。又根据句意“我老板不在这里。你想和他的助手谈谈吗?”可知填assistants。

16.As they couldn't play outdoors,they were (happy), and some even got into fights from time to time. 【答案】unhappy

【解析】考查词性转化之互为反义词的形容词相互转化。根据句意“因为他们不能在户外玩耍,所以他们很不高兴,有些人甚至不时地打架。”可知填unhappy。

17. People on welfare are wrongly seen as lazy or ( honest).

【答案】dishonest

【解析】考查词性转化之互为反义词的形容词相互转化。根据句意“靠福利为生的人士被错误地视为懒惰或不诚实。”可知填dishonest。

18. (formal)clothes are suitable for wearing at home or in ordinary situations.

【答案】Informal

【解析】考查词性转化之互为反义词的形容词相互转化。根据句意“非正式的衣服适合在家里或普通场合穿。”可知填Informal 。

19. Travelling abroad can ( broad)our horizons.

【答案】broaden

【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为动词。本句中,can是情态动词,需接动词原形,故填broaden。句意:出国旅行可以开阔我们的视野。

20. The clever boy has the ability to (simple)that dull story.

【答案】simplify

【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为动词。本句中,动词不定式符号to后接动词原形,,故填simplify。句意:那个聪明的男孩有能力简单化那个无聊的故事。

21. He eventually (real) his ambition to become a scientist.

【答案】realize

【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为动词。本句中,副词eventually修饰谓语动词,根据句意“他最终实现了成为一名科学家的志向。”故填realize。

22. The shout made the little baby felt (frighten).

【答案】frightened

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为形容词。本句中空格处做表语,需用形容词,又根据句意“那喊叫声使小宝宝感到害怕了。”可知填frightened。

23. His (surprise)look suggested that he knew nothing about it.

【答案】surprised

【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。空格后的look 是名词,被形容词性物主代词his和空格所填之词共同修饰,又根据句意“他感到惊讶的表情暗示他对此一无所知。”故填surprised。

24. The story sounds funny and we are (interest)in it.

【答案】interested

【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。空格处是表语,需用形容词,又根据句意“这个故事听起来

很有意思,我们对它感兴趣。”故填interested。

25. (fortunate), Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city 's bridge closed.

【答案】Fortunately

【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。空格处修饰整句,做状语,需用副词Fortunately。句意:幸运的是,娜塔莉的家人在这座城市的桥关闭前不久逃到了布鲁克林。

26. It's still a useful and pleasant form of (communicate).

【答案】communication

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为名词。本句中,空格处做介词of的宾语,需用名词,故填communication。句意:它仍然是一种有用和愉快的交流方式。

27.It is not (surprise) that young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so.

【答案】surprising

【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。空格处做表语,需用形容词。又根据句意“年轻人可能会突然爆发,这并不奇怪,特别是在有理由这样做的情况下。”可知填surprising。

28.Chinese scientists (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.

【答案】recently

【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。本句中空格处做时间状语修饰全句,故填副词recently。句意:中国科学家最近有机会研究一只带着新生婴儿的野生雌性熊猫。

29. The college years are supposed to be a time for important (grow) in autonomy(自主性)and the development of adult identity.

【答案】growth

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为名词。本句中,空格前的形容词important定语修饰名词,故填growth。句意:大学时期应该是自主性以及成人身份的发展的重要成长时期。

30. Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.

【答案】adjustment

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为名词。本句中空格处做动词make的宾语,需用名词形式,故填adjustment。句意:一些学校必须与国家足球改革协调一致。

31. We should see (fail) as a requirement for moving towards our goals.

【答案】failure

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为名词。本句中空格处做动词see的宾语,需用名词,故填failure。句

意:我们应该把失败看作是朝着我们的目标前进的一项要求。

32. You can live a more (power) life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.

【答案】powerful

【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。本句中空格处作定语修饰名词life,故填形容词形式powerful。

句意:当你把你的一些时间和精力花在比你自己更大的事情上时,你可以过上更强大的生活。

33. Ants are gathering their winter food in the middle of summer and make (prepare)for the long cold winter.

【答案】preparations

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为名词。本句中空格处做动词make的宾语,需用名词形式。又因为make preparations for“为……做准备”是固定搭配,故填名词复数preparations。句意:蚂蚁在仲夏收集他们的冬季食物,为漫长的寒冷的冬天做准备。

34. It is (danger) for a woman to walk alone at night.

【答案】dangerous

【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。本句中空格处做表语,需用形容词,故填dangerous。二.单句改错

1. Most people nowadays are so busy with their lives that they do not have time to enjoy a healthy and balance diet. 【答案】balance改为balanced

【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。本句中,and连接并列形容词形式修饰名词diet,故把balance 改为balanced。句意:如今,大多数人都忙于自己的生活,以至于没有时间享受健康和平衡的饮食。

2.I don't think it a reason practice for them to behave that way in our society.

【答案】practice改为practical

【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。practice是形容词,需用形容词修饰,故把practice改为practical。句意:我认为他们在我们的社会中这样做并不是一个合理的做法。

3.I know as an excellent guide I should make your journey interesting and meaningless.

【答案】meaningless改为meaningful

【解析】考查词性转化之互为反义词的形容词的相互转化。根据句意“我知道作为一个优秀的向导,我应该让你的旅程变得有趣和有意义。”故把meaningless改为meaningful。

4. With each shovel of dirt which hit his back, the donkey was doing something amazed.

【答案】amazed改为amazing

【解析】考查词性转化之过去分词转化为现在分词。根据句意“随着每一铁锹土落到它的背上,驴子都在做一件令人惊讶的事情。”

5. In the laboratory, chimps don't naturally share food either. Human children, on the other hand, are extremely cooperate.

【答案】cooperate改为cooperated

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为形容词。cooperate既做表语有被副词extremely修饰,故把cooperate 改为cooperated。句意:在实验室里,黑猩猩也不会自然分享食物。另一方面,人类儿童非常合作。

6.When we felt hunger,we went out and had lunch.

【答案】hunger改为hungry

【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。本句中,hunger做表语,表示“感到饥饿的”,需用形容词形式。故把hunger改为hungry。

7.The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste.

【答案】taste改为tasty

【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为形容词。本句中,and连接两个并列的形容词,故把taste改为tasty。

8. They are true good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.

【答案】true改为truly

【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。本句中true修饰形容词good,需用副词形式。故把true改为truly。句意:它们是真正的好鸟,值得我们尽一切努力去找回它们。

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