中考英语语法动词不定式的主要句型

动词不定式的主要句型

一、学习目标

1.熟练掌握动词不定式的句型结构。

2.熟练运用动词不定式的固定句型。

3.理解并运用不带to的动词不定式。

二、知识讲解

1.使用动词不定式的主要句型

疑问词+动词不定式

不定式可以和疑问代词who , what , which及疑问副词when,how,where连用构成不定式短语，在句中担当主语、宾语、表语等成分。

The question is when to start.

问题是什么时候开始。

What to do is an important question.

该做什么是一个很重要的问题。

I can't decide who/whom to invite.

我决定不了邀请谁。

备注:

（1）“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时,常与下列动词连用: know , show , teach , tell , leam , forget等。

We don't know when to go.

我们不知道什么时候去。

He doesn't know how to make a banana milkshake.

他不知道怎样制作香蕉奶昔。

（2）有些动词后接how+不定式作宾语时, how可省略。

I learnt (how) to drive when I was 17.

我17岁那年学会了开车。

但是,有些动词后面接how +不定式作宾语时,尽管其中的how在汉语中不需要译出,但却不能将how省略。.

He knows how to play the piano.他会弹钢琴。

He s howed her how to swim.他教她游泳。

（3） whether(是否)也常和不定式连用。

He hasn't decided whether to go or stay.

他还没决定去留。

1，We don't know it next Let's go and ask Mr. Li. A. what to do B. to do what

C. whether to do

D. to do whether

答案C

解析：本题考查"疑问词+不定式"及"whether+不定式”。首先可排除B、D两项, what为疑问代词, 设空处后面的让多余; whether为"是否"的意思,故选C项。

too....to ...和enough.... to....

(1)“too+形容词副词+ to do sth.”意为“太....（以至于）不能......

The student was too frightened to say a word.

这个学生太害怕了,以至于不能说一-句话。

It's never too old to learn.活到老学到老。

此句型还可以so..for sb./sth. to do sth。

The box is too heavy for me to carry.

这个箱子对我来说太重了,我搬不动。

此句型还可以转换为“so... that +主语+ can't/ couldn't"句型。He was too tired to move on.

=He was so tired that he couldn't move on.

他太累了,不能继续走了。

(2)“形容词/副词+enough to do sth.”意为“足够......”

The girl is old enough to go to school.

这个女孩已到上学的年龄了。

此句型也可以转换为“so...that主语+can”句型。

Tom runs fast enough to catch up with LiLei.

= Tom runs so fast that he can catch up with Li Lei.

汤姆跑得那么快,能赶上李雷。

注：too+adj/adv.to do 和 adj/adv +enough to do 这两个里面的adj和adv取决于他们所修饰的词，比如：He was too tired to move on. tired修饰was所以用的adj,同理enough也是如此。

2,He is not old enough ____ to school.

A. gone

B. going

C. went

D.to go:

答案D

解析:考查动词词组。根据题意可知,他的年龄不够大,不可以去( to go)上学。be + adj.+ enough + to do为固定搭配,故to go符合题意。故正确答案为D。

It be+形容词+of/for sb. +to do sth.

这一句型应特别注意of和for的使用情况。

(1)for sb.句型通常使用表示客观情况的形容词,如: easy , difficult , hard ,important,possible , interesting等。可转化为“To do sth. +be+形容词+for sb.”。

It was hard for him to learn English well.

=To learn English well was hard for him.

对他来说学好英语太难了。

(2)of sb.句型-般用表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如: good , kind , nice, clever , foolish,right , wrong, careful等。可转化为“sb. +be+形容词+to do sth.”。

It's kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.

谢谢你的美言。

How foolish of you to do that!你干那事,真傻!

It's very kind of you to help me.

=You are very kind to help me.

你帮我的忙真是太谢谢了。