高中地理学考选考“双考”模拟试卷

2017年高中地理学考、选考“双考”模拟试卷（1）

本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。

选择题部分

一、选择题（本大题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，不选、多选、错选均不得分） 1．晴朗的夜空，能够看到的大部分天体属于

A ．卫星

B ．彗星

C ．行星

D ．恒星

一位地理爱好者去新疆沙漠地区旅游，发现绿洲附近风向具有明显的昼夜反向的特征。读沙漠地区绿洲示意图，完成2、3题。 2．夜晚M 地的风向为

A ．西南风

B ．东北风

C ．东南风

D ．西北风

3．造成该地区风向昼夜反向的原因是下垫面 A ．人类活动差异 B ．降水差异 C ．热力性质差异 D ．高低差异

近年来，西藏纳木错面积不断增大。读该湖区2015年的最新影像，完成4、5题。 4．拍摄该影像的地理信息技术是

A ．GIS

B ．GPS

C ．RS

D ．VR

5．近年来纳木错面积增大的主要原因是

A ．地壳下陷，湖区积水增多

B ．气候变暖，冰川融水增多

C ．退耕还湖，生态系统改善

D ．蒸发减弱，水汽向外输送减少

四川省雅安是我国以“降雨量大、降雨天数多强度大和多夜雨”着称的降水中心，有“雅安天漏”之称，读雅安及周边地区平均降水（单位：mm ）分布图，完成7、8题。 6．雅安主要的降水类型是

A ．锋面雨

B ．气旋雨

C ．地形雨

D ．对流雨 7．雅安拥有独特的自然景观是 A ．河流众多，流速平缓 B ．森林茂密，物种丰富 C ．地形崎岖，沟壑纵横D ．土层深厚，土壤肥沃 8. 图中甲箭头模拟的水循环环节是

A.蒸发

B.水汽输送

C.径流

D.大气降水 9.实验中“灯”的作用主要是

A.照明

B.加热

C.装饰

D.冷却

赤潮是指含氮有机物的废排入海水中，海水，使赤潮藻类能够大量繁殖或高度聚集而引起海洋变色的一种有害生态现象。读2010～2014年我国海域赤潮频次与面积各月分布图，

完成10、11题。

10．我国海域赤潮最易发生的季节是 A ．春季 B ．夏季 C ．秋季 D ．冬季 11．赤潮的主要危害有

①改变洋流流动方向 ②使沿海气象灾害增多

③破坏海洋生态平衡

④破坏和水产资源 A ．①② B ．②③ C ．③④ D ．①④

油棕树浑身是宝，果实、树干、果壳、果柄、油棕核等都能加工成各种产品。读马来西2011年油棕产品出口比重示意图，完成14、15题。 14.影响棕油生产的主导区位因素是 A.原料 B.市场 C.劳动力 D.科技 15.马亚西亚油棕产业的特征是

A.以初级加工为主，产品单一

B.产业链长，产品附加值高

C.以综合加工为主，产品多样

D.循环经济，工业品比重大

一般称15岁以下和65岁以上的人口为劳动力人口（15岁-65岁）的家属。读四国2010年和2050年（预测）每100劳动力人口家属数量统计图。完成16、17题。

年尼日利亚劳动力人口家属数量最多，主要由于

A.出生率高

B.死亡率低

C.迁入率高

D.迁出率高 17．中国劳动力人口家属数量增加明显最

主要原因是

A.人口出生率下降

B.人口老龄化加剧

C.人口迁移量增大

D.城市化速度加快

读乌拉尔山脉东坡植被分布示意图。完成18、19题。

5 月份

赤潮面积（

平方公里）

赤

潮

次数

2000海拔/米

纬度/度极地沙漠稀疏落叶松林云杉林

松树林草原云杉林和草地

0 尼日利亚印度中国日本

2010年

2050年

家属数量（人）

18．乌拉尔山脉东坡海拔400米以下自然景观变化体现出的自然带分布规律是

A.纬度地带性

B.干湿度地带性

C.垂直分异

D.地方性分异 19. 与54°N 附近云杉林相比， 63°N 附近云杉林分布海拔更低的主要原因是

A.降水丰富

B.热量不足

C.海拔较高

D.光照较弱

盐城丹顶鹤自然保护区位于江苏中部沿海，这里芦苇丛生，是我国最大的滩涂湿地。11月到次年3月，丹顶鹤会在盐城滩涂湿地越冬。结合丹顶鹤迁移路线图完成20、21题。

20.丹顶鹤选择滩涂湿地越冬，体现出的湿地功能是 A.美化环境 B.净化水中污染物 C.调节气候 D.保护生物多样性

21.盐城湿地越冬比迁移路线上的辽河口、黄河口湿地更具优势的是

A.食物来源丰富

B.人类活动较弱

C.气候温暖湿润

D.滩涂面积最大

目前，有些城市在道路两侧、不透水地面的周边等地布置植被浅沟，这些浅沟与城市雨水管网或集水池相连，并在其表面种草覆盖。读图完成22、23题。 22.用植被浅沟替代不透水地面会使城市中

的水循环环节减弱增强

增强减弱

23.城市布置植被浅沟主要目的有

①收集雨水 ②减少内涝

③减少地下水 ④增加停车场

A.①②

B.②③

C.②④

D.①④

下表表示我国2007—2010年采掘、电力、燃气等产业在四大地区间的转移情况（单位：

24．我国该类产业地区间转移方向主要是

A ．东部向中、西部转移

B ．西部向东部转移

C ．中、西部向东部转移

D ．东北向西部转移 25．影响该类产业地区间转移的主要因素是

A ．劳动力

B ．产业政策

C ．原料

D ．技术

非选择题部分

二、非选择题（本大题区4小题，共50分） 26．阅读材料，回答问题。（10分）

材料一：阳光动力2号太阳能飞机于2015年3月9日从阿联酋首都阿布扎比起程，开

图例栖息地

盐城

迁移路线黄河口辽河口

始环球飞行。预设6月到达A 地，8月返回到阿布扎比，但因故未完成本次飞行。

材料二：阳光动力2号太阳能飞机飞行预设路线图和科罗拉多河大峡谷景观图。

（1）若阳光动力2号太阳能飞机按预设时间到达A

城市时，该地受（气压带或风

带）控制，气候特点是。

（

2）科罗拉多河大峡谷形成的主要内力作用是，外力作用是。

（3）纽约市周边地区的农业地域类型为，影响其形成的主要因素是。（4）阳光动力2号太阳能飞机按预设终点的自然带是。 (5)判断L 洋流的性质并说明其对沿岸地区气候的影响。

27．读我国南部地区某时等压线示意图，回答下列问题。(10分)

（1）长沙此时的风向为__________，图中虚线为________(“冷”或“暖”)锋锋线。

2014年5月，因________________，导致广东、广西等地发生了严重的洪涝灾害。（2）B 山山麓自然带类型是______________，影响其与C 山山麓自然带类型不同的主

要因素是____________。（3）从交通运输的角度看，利于广州市形成和发展的区位条件有__________________、

__________________等。

（4）A 省位于我国四大地区的________，因其接近珠三角洲地区，近年来承接了该地

区的产业转移，除距离近以外其他优势有___________、________________等。

28.【加试题】根据材料和图，结合所学知识，回答下列问题。（15分）

材料一阿富汗的经济以农牧业为主，可耕地约占国土面积的12%，可放牧面积占45%，农、牧民约占全国人口的85%。水是阿富汗农业生产的命脉，传统上阿富汗80%的土地通过

。

90。0

。

180

。

起点/终点

南京

凤凰城

起飞/

降落城市预设飞行路线

纽约

科罗拉多河大峡谷景观图

洋流

太

平

洋

大西洋

印度洋

L 洋流

阿布扎比

地表水（主要是河水），10%通过现代大型灌溉系统，10%通过泉水和井水灌溉。

材料二阿富汗简图和喀布尔气温和降水统计图。

（1

虑，当地可采取的措施是。（4分）

（2）分析阿富汗中东部较西部可耕地分布较少的自然原因。（3分）

（3）图中该国西南部的沙漠形成的原因是终年受控制，河流的补给主要为、。（3分）（4）指出春季威胁阿富汗东北部农业生产的气象灾害，并分析其形成原因。（5分）

（2）试分析图示中阿克苏地区苹果品质优良的气候原因。（3分）

（3）分析艾比湖北侧A 地降水量远小于南侧B 地的原因，并说明艾比湖萎缩的对周边地区造成的生态危害。（5分）

（4）某日黄昏，有人从B 地通过A 点看到了日落，假设不考虑地形的影响，试问阿克苏和

3035（℃）

乌鲁木齐哪个城市先日落请说明理由。（4分）（提示：可通过光线与晨昏线垂直作图法）

2017年高中地理学考、选考“双考”模拟试卷（1）参考答案

一、选择题（共50分）

26．（1）副热带高气压带炎热干燥

（2）（美洲）板块与（太平洋板块）碰撞挤压流水侵蚀

（3）乳畜业市场

（4）热带荒漠带

（5）暖流增温增湿，增大了温带海洋性气候的影响范围。

27．（1）东北冷冷暖空气交汇于此(或受锋面影响)

（2）亚热带常绿阔叶林带纬度

（3）位于河口，水运交通便利陆路交通汇集，交通发达

（4）南方地区地价便宜矿产等资源丰富劳动力丰富且工资水平低等

28．（1）小麦种植业（或者游牧业）（1分）开展水利设施建设（技术装备）（1分），培育良种（1分），提高劳动者的素质（1分）

（2）中东部多山地和高原，地形起伏大（1分）；中东部地表径流（河流）较少（1分）；

中部山脉阻挡西风，中东部降水少，气候更为干旱（1分）。

（3）温带大陆气团控制（1分），大气降水（1分）、积雪融水（1分）。

（4）低温冻害；（融雪性）洪水（涝）。（1分）（两点任答一点得一分）该地纬度较高，春季（3～5月）冷空气活动频繁（1分），气温偏低易对农作物产

生冻害威胁；冬季降雪偏多（1分），而春季气温回升快（1分），积雪快速融化，

3、4月份降水多（1分），产生洪涝灾害。

29.（1）河流流向自西向东（1分），河流从高处流向低处（1分）；流向与等高线弯曲

方向相反（1分）。

（2）深居内陆，天气晴朗，光照充足，光合作用强（1分）；昼夜温差大，有利于糖分积累（1分），冬季温度低，病虫害少

（3）原因：①处西北风从阿拉山口进入经艾比湖带来水汽；（1分）受到地形抬升，多地形雨。（1分）（2分）

干涸的湖底成为沙尘暴的沙源地，沙尘暴的多发导致湿地面积减少，生物多样性减

少，绿洲土地退化；湖面减少导致当地湿度减少，气候更加干旱，气温年变化加剧。

（任达三点3分）

（4）乌鲁木齐先日落（1分），因为连接A、B点代表了光线，通过阿克苏可做一条与AB 的垂线，代表了昏线，而乌鲁木齐在昏线以东，说明了先日落。（3分，只要表达的意思合理即可。）

高中英语学考模拟试卷

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And they were said at a volume high enough that all the strangers nearby could hear. Chastised, the boy returned quietly to the woman’s side, his eyes downcast. Not a big moment, perhaps.yet small moments sometimes last a very long time. And a few words---though they mean little at the time to the people who say them---can have enormous power. “Are you too stupid to do anything right?” words like that can echo. I recently heard a story from a man named Malcolm Dalkoff. He’s 48; for the last 24 years he has been a professional writer, mostly in advertising. Here is what he told me: As a boy in Rock Island, Ill., Dalkoff was terribly insecure and shy. He had few friends and no self-confidence. Then one day in October 1965, hes high-school English teach, Ruth Brauch, gave he class an assignment. The students had been reading “To Kill a Mockingbird”. Now they were to write their own chapter that would follow the last chapter of the novel. Dalkoff wrote his chapter and turned it in. Today he cannot recall anything special about the chapter he wrote, or what grade Mrs. Brauch gave him. What he does remember---what he will never forget----are the four words Mrs. Brauch wrote in the margin of the paper: “ This is good writing.” Four words. They changed his life. “Until I read these words, I had no idea of who I was or what I was going to be,” he said. “After reading her note, I went home and wrote a short story, something I had always dreamed of doing but never believed I could do.” Over the rest of that year in school, he wrote many short stories and always brought them to school for Mrs. Brauch to evaluate. She was encouraging, tough and honest. “She was just what I needed,” Dalkoff said. He was named co-editor of his high-school newspaper. His confidence grew; his horizons broadened; he started off on a successful, fulfilling life. Dalkoff is convinced that none of this would have happened had that woman not written those four words in the margin of his paper. For his 30th high-school reunion, Dalkoff went back and visited Mrs. Brauch, who had retired. He told her what her four words had done for him. He told her that because she had given him the confidence to be a writer, he had been able to pass that confidence on to the woman who would become his wife, who became a writer herself. He told Mrs. Brauch that a young woman in his office, who was working in the evenings toward a high-school-equivalency diploma, had come to him for advice and assistance. She respected him because he was a writer--- that is why she turned to him. Mrs. Brauch was especially moved by the story of helping the young woman. “At

高中英语会考模拟试卷

英语会考模拟试卷二、单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 16．Paris is ＿＿＿most beautiful city，where you can see＿＿＿famous Eiffel Tower．A．a；the B．a; 不填C．the；a D．不填；the 17. The corn powder with two other things _______ water to make all kinds of good. A. are mixed with B. is mixed with C. are mixed by D. is mixed by 18. Maria has to baby-sit．That’s＿＿＿she can’t come out with us． A. why B. how C. when D. what 19. People often want to know what my job is．Often I＿＿＿that question． A. ask B. am asking C. get asked D. get asking 20. Jim talked for about half an hour yesterday. Never ______ him talk so much. A.I heard B. did I hear C.I had heard D. had I heard 21. —Did you visit the famous museum? —No. We _____ it, but we spent too much time shopping. A. could have visited B. must have visited C. can’t have visited D. shouldn’t have visited 22.We didn’t plan to meet. We met ________ in the street. A. by the way B. by chance C. on purpose D. in surprise 23.The motorcycle competition in the desert, ________ lasted ten days, is over now. A. it B. where C. which D. that 24.---I heard Back Street Boys will sing at the New Theater. ---Where did you ________? A. pick that up B. put that up C. make that up D. take that up 25.—This bag is perfect. Miss, how much does it cost? —________, but I don’t work here. A.I don’t know B. I’m sorry C. Maybe very dear D. You can’t afford it 三、完形填空：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） Once upon a time, bee-keepers killed their bees every autumn. Why, you 26 ask. Well, the answer is this. To get some 27 , bee-keepers and farmers used to 28 small wooden boxes in a corner of the farmyard. Bees would come and 29 the box with honeycomb. 30 , there was no way of getting the honey out 31 killing the bees. So they used to burn a chemical 32 the box in order to kill the bees and then take the honey. Now, bee-keepers 33 beehives to collect honey. In the beehive there are a number of wooden 34 with spaces between them 35 can be lifted out. In later summer, the squares, which are now 36 of honeycomb are lifted out. The squares are put in 37 special machine and turned round and round very fast for several minutes. Turning the squares round and round 38 this 39 out the honey. Then the honey is collected and 40 jars. After that the empty squares are returned to the hive for the bees to fill with honey the following year. 26. A. need B. may C. should D. must 27. A. honey B. bees C. honeycomb D. space 28. A. put in B. put away C. put off D. put out 29. A. fill B. cover C. supply D. satisfy 30. A. Still B. And C. However D. So 31. A. for B. in C. by D. without 32. A. on B. close to C. in the front of D. far from 33. A. want B. take C. use D. expect 34. A. squares B. boxes C. sticks D. bowls 35. A. many B. they C. it D. which 36. A. full B. filled C . afraid D. emptied