(完整版)动词过去式及过去分词变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

Ⅰ. 规则变化:

1. 一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked, work—worked

2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love—loved, dance—danced

3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried, study—studied

4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结

尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted 注：A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled;尾音节不重读时, 双不双写都可以，如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。

B. 特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked

（交易,在…通行）另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后)

C. 读音与说明:

①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped

②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed

③.-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted

II. 不规则动词表:

(1) AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）

cost（花费）cost cost shut shut shut

cut（割）cut cut spit spit/spat spit/ spat(英)

hit（打）hit hit hurt 伤害）hurt hurt

let（让）let let put（放）put put

read （读）read read

(2) AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）

beat（跳动）beat beaten

(3) ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）

become（变成）became become awake awoke awoken

come（来）came come run（跑）ran run

(4) ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）

dig（挖）dug dug build built built

get（得到）got got/gotten catch caught caught

hang（吊死）hanged hanged deal dealt dealt

hang（悬挂）hung hung feed fed fed

hold（抓住）held held find found found

shine（照耀）shone shone forbid forbade/forbad forbidden

sit（坐）sat sat pay paid paid

win （赢）won won send sent sent

meet（遇见）met met shoot shot shot

keep （保持）kept kept tell told told

sleep（睡）slept slept win won won

sweep（扫）swept swept feel（感觉）felt felt

smell（闻）smelt/smelled smelt/ smelled

leave（离开）left left build（建设）built built

lend（借出）lent lent send （传送）sent sent

spend（花费）spent spent lose （丢失）lost lost

burn （燃烧）burnt burnt learn（学习）learnt learnt

mean（意思是）meant meant catch（抓住）caught caught

teach（教）taught taught bring（带来）brought brought

fight （战斗）fought fought buy（买）bought bought

think（想）thought thought hear （听见）heard heard

sell（卖）sold sold tell（告诉）told told

say（说）said said find（找到）found found

have/has（有）had had make（制造）made made

stand（站）stood stood understand明白understood understood (5) ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）

begin（开始）began begun take（取）took taken

drink（喝）drank drunk mistake（弄错）mistook mistaken ring（铃响）rang rung ride（骑）rode ridden

sing （唱）sang sung do（做）did done

swim（游泳）swam swum write（写）wrote written

blow（吹）blew blown go（去）went gone

draw （画）drew drawn lie（平躺）lay lain

fly（飞）flew flown see（看见）saw seen

grow（生长）grew grown wear （穿）wore worn

know（知道）knew known be ( am, is, are )（是）was, were been throw（投掷）threw thrown show（出示）showed shown

break（打破）broke broken choose（选择）chose chosen

forget（忘记）forgot forgotten (forgot) bear bore borne/born

speak（说，讲）spoke spoken draw drew drawn

wake（醒）woke woken dream dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed drive（驾驶）drove driven hide hid hidden

eat（吃）ate eaten lay laid laid 放置

fall（落下）fell fallen lie lied lied 撒谎

give（给）gave given lie lay lain 躺

rise（升高）rose risen see saw seen

shake shook shaken steal stole stolen

can----could may---might will---would shall---should

must----must